SPSS Chi-square Test Research Articles

The Relationship of Stroke Incidents With Clients’ Quality of Life

Stroke is a condition where the blood supply to the brain is disrupted or reduced due to blockage (ischemic stroke) or rupture of blood vessels (hemorrhagic stroke). Stroke can cause physical disability, this can affect psychological, emotional, cognitive and even social conditions. So post-stroke sufferers will experience changes in their quality of life. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the incidence of stroke and the quality of life of clients at RSUD Ibnu Sina Gresik. This research uses an observational research design with a cross sectional approach. The total population was 451 clients, 82 samples were studied using consecutive sampling techniques. The instrument used in the research was the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire and then the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS Chi-Square Test. Almost all of the stroke clients who were controlled at the neurological clinic at Ibnu Sina Gresik Regional Hospital experienced a stroke once, 62 (75.6%) of the clients and almost all of the quality of life of stroke clients who were controlled at the neurological clinic at Ibnu Sina Gresik Regional Hospital experienced a fairly good quality of life. 66 (80.5%) clients. The results of the collected data were then analyzed to obtain P = 0.624 > 0.05, so H1 was rejected and H0 was accepted. In conclusion, there is no relationship between the incidence of stroke and the quality of life of clients at Ibnu Sina Gresik Regional Hospital. Keywords : Stroke, Quality of Life, Clients

Psychological response and perception to lockdown among keralites during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Background: Kerala, which has a population density of 860 people per square kilometre, has been able to significantly curb the spread of COVID-19. This was a result of people in the State, politics, and social settings. Previous outbreaks showed that psychological symptoms could be severe and last longer than physical illness. This study examines the sources of information as well as the peritraumatic distress, attitude towards lockdown. Methods: 2335 individuals under lockdown were given a 32-item questionnaire over the internet from March to August 2020. This covers demographic data, days spent in quarantine, attitude, and awareness, adherence to lockdown procedures, and PDI for measuring psychological distress. Overall score was calculated and associations found using the Chi-square test in SPSS 20. Results: The average quarantine period lasted 10.12 days. 77.9% of individuals reported high stress, with a mean PDI score of 47.73. The psychological distress was more severe for those who were female and were placed in quarantine. The PDI score has associations with gender, education, health care access, loneliness, and the propensity to not adhere to lockdown measures. 89% of the responders expressed concern for their safety. We discovered that being in quarantine had a significant association with loneliness, concern about getting medical care, and resource accessibility. Conclusions: The population had high levels of perceived stress during the pandemic. The detrimental effects of COVID-19 do not just fit into morbidity and mortality but have wider implications for mental health issues that require proper attention.

Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Unmet Need KB pada Pasangan Usia Subur di Kelurahan Sulanjana Jambi

Unmet need for family planning is a couple of childbearing age who do not want children, want children with a distance of 2 but do not use contraception. The Sulanjana Village has the highest unmet need for KB rating in East Jambi at 38.40%. The study aims to determine the relationship between age, education, employment status, income, and attitudes towards family planning, with the incidence of unmet need for family planning in couples of childbearing age in Sulanjana Village, East Jambi District, Jambi City in 2023This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 78 respondents taken using accidental sampling technique. The sample is married women of childbearing age aged 19-49 years. data collection was carried out February-March 2023 by interviewing using a questionnaire. Data processing was performed univariately and bivariately using the SPSS chi-square test. the results of the analysis show a relationship between income (P-value=0.024), and attitude (P-value=0.010), while the variables are age (P-value=0.820), education (P-value=1.000), occupation (P-value= 634) there is no relationship with the incidence of unmet need for family planning in couples of childbearing age in the Sulanjana Village, DistrictEast Jambi Jambi City.to increase knowledge, attitudes in socializing and educating the community regarding the importance of participating in family planning programs and using contraceptives, not only wives but husbands also participate.

Correlational Study of Students’ Moodle Log for Assessments and Feedback on Assessments on Moodle for a Mandatory Pre-Degree English Course

This study explored the correlation between students’ Moodle logs on assessments and feedback on assessments on LLFXX Moodle page. Nine forms of assessments and four forms of feedback on assessments on LLFXX Moodle page were studied. Four of these assessments are part of students’ continuous assessments which add up to 50% of their Course work. Three of the feedbacks on assessments are for these continuous assessed assignments and tests. 80 Blended mode students from the Laucala campus of the university participated in this research. LLFXX, which is a mandatory pre-degree English course was used for the purpose of this research. A quantitative research method was employed to analyse data. Data was extracted on Moodle logs of LLFXX Blended mode Laucala students and were analyzed using two statistical tests. Pearson’s chi-square test in SPSS was used to find the correlation between Moodle logs for assessments and feedback for assessments on LLFXX Moodle page. Pearson’s correlational coefficient test from SPSS was used to find the degree of association between Moodle logs for each of the assessments and their feedbacks in LLFXX. There was no correlation (statistically insignificant) found between the Moodle logs for test 2 for LLFXX and Moodle logs for feedback on tests. However, there was a statistically significant correlation found between the Moodle logs of other assessments and their feedback for LLFXX.

The role of thyroid transcription factor-1 in differentiating lung adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinoma effusions.

Effusions, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulations in body cavities, present difficulties in identifying the primary organs of metastatic tumors through cytopathologic investigation, particularly in cancer-related complications. This retrospective cross-sectional laboratory study aimed to investigate the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in distinguishing lung adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinomas in effusions. The study was conducted at Almobarak Cytopathology Laboratory, a private cytopathology laboratory. H&E was used to confirm the histological diagnosis of 58 archived cell blocks. TTF-1 immunostaining patterns were then correlated with the histological diagnosis. Statistical analysis, including numerical and graphical data summaries, was conducted using the Chi-square test in SPSS 23. TTF-1 expression was observed in 20 (34.4%) cases, while 38 (65.5%) cases showed no TTF-1 reaction. Positive TTF-1 was found in pleural fluid in 61.1 % of lung adenocarcinomas, while negative TTF-1 was found in only 3.4%. TTF-1 was not detected in the majority of peritoneal fluid samples. There was a highly significant relationship between pleural fluid, TTF-1, and lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.000). The data provided further evidence that TTF-1 is a useful marker for distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinoma tumors.

A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING THE FIRST AID MANAGEMENT OF ACCIDENTS IN THE CHILDREN AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS WITH VIEW TO DEVELOP INFORMATION BOOKLET IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF ROHTAS.

Background: Health is the level of functional and metabolic efficiency of a living being. In humans, it is the general condition of a person s body, mind and spirit, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain. First aid is the first and immediate assistance given to any person with either a minor or serious illness or injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, or to promote recovery It includes initial intervention in a serious condition prior to professional medical help being available, such as performing Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) while waiting for an ambulance, as well as the complete treatment of minor conditions, such as applying a plaster to a cut First aid is generally performed by someone with basic medical training Mental health first aid is an extension of the concept of first aid to cover mental health, while psychological first aid is used as early treatment of people who are at risk for developing PTSD Conflict First Aid, focused on preservation and recovery of an individuals social or relationship well-being, is being piloted in Canada. Objectives of the study: 1. To assess the level of knowledge among school teachers regarding the First Aid Management. 2. To find out the association between knowledge scores of teachers regarding First Aid Management with socio demographic variables. 3. To prepare information booklet based on First Aid Management for school teachers. Methodology: It is the descriptive study. The data was generated by using the structured questionnaire convenience sampling technique were adopted to selected 60 subjects. The data was obtained from the study subjects were analyzed and interpreted in terms of the objectives and assumption of the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis and the level set at 0.05. Results: Finding of the present study more than half of the population had average adequate knowledge at 80% and 6.7% of the population lied under poor knowledge and the rest of 13.3% of the population fall under good knowledge. The present study shows that, there is no significant association between first aid knowledge of primary school teacher and socio demographic variable and the p > 0.05. Conclusion: The present study was carried out among the teachers of government school regarding the knowledge on First Aid Management in school teachers. A total number of 60 teachers were taken for the study. The analysis of the data was done using the frequency test and Chi-square test in SPSS. A non-experimental study was carried using purposive sampling technique, 60 samples of Government and privet school teachers were taken. Results shows that majority of the teachers were having average knowledge about the first aid.

Prevalence of Lip (Diseases/Disorders/Lesions) among Adult Population Visiting Out-Patient Clinic in Central Punjab.

Aim: To find out the prevalence of various commonly occurring lip anomalies like lip fissures, angular chielitis, lip pits and allergic cheilitis in patients visiting out-patient clinic in central Punjab. Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at the diagnostics department of Nishter institute of dentistry, Multan from Feb,2022 to December,2022 for a period of 11 months to determine the relative frequency of various lip anomalies in adult population of central Punjab. Six hundred patients were examined with an age range of 25-35 years in a quite comfortable environment using dental mirror, natural light and surgical gauze. The result was analyzed by using chi-square test in SPSS. Results: The prevalence of lip anomalies in 600 patients was 24.3% among male and female patients. These lesions were more prevalent in patients of 25 to 30 years of age (55.47%) compared to 30-35 years of age (44.52%). Among lip lesions, lip fissures were seen in 7.4% cases, lip pits were 2.6%, allergic chielitis was seen 1.8% and patients with angular chielitis were 12.4%. All lesions showed almost equal distribution among male and female patients seen during the study. Practical Implication: Our study was done in central Punjab region. It highlighted the commonly occurring lesions of lip which could affect the aesthetics of the people as well as has important psychological impact on their daily life. Our study showed the prevalence of lesions and also motivated the people to seek possible treatment of the lesions. It helped a lot to educate affected community and encouraged them to improve their conditions. Conclusion: The results of the study are in accordance with some previous studies although they contradict to some other studies as well. This study has also shown that the lip anomalies are slightly more in females as compared to the males although the statistical difference is not significant. Moreover, the age is not related to the lip anomalies. Keywords: Lip anomalies, Lip fissures, angular chielitis, allergic chielitis, lip pits.

Comparison of Surgical Outcomes between Single-Port Laparoscopic Surgery and Da Vinci Single-Port Robotic Surgery.

The aim of this study is to compare the surgical outcomes of single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) and single-port robotic surgery (SPRS). We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent a hysterectomy, ovarian cystectomy, or myomectomy with SPLS or SPRS from January 2020 to July 2022. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS chi-square test and student's t-test. A total of 566 surgeries including single-port laparoscopic hysterectomy (SPLH; n = 148), single-port robotic hysterectomy (SPRH; n = 35), single-port laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy (SPLC; n = 207), single-port robotic ovarian cystectomy (SPRC; n = 108), single-port laparoscopic myomectomy (SPLM; n = 12), and single-port robotic myomectomy (SPRM; n = 56). The SPRH, SPRC, and SPRM groups had a shorter operation time than the SPLS group, although the results were not statistically significant (SPRH vs. SPLH, p = 0.134; SPRC vs. SPLC, p = 0.098; SPRM vs. SPLM, p = 0.202). Incisional hernia occurred as a postoperative complication in two patients only in the SPLH group. Postoperative Hb changes were lower in the SPRC and SPRM groups than in the SPLC and SPLM groups (SPRC vs. SPLC, p = 0.023; SPRM vs. SPLM, p = 0.010). Our study demonstrated that the SPRS had comparable surgical outcomes when compared to the SPLS. Therefore, the SPRS should be considered a feasible and safe option for gynecologic patients.

Psychiatric medication use among pregnant and breastfeeding mothers who used cannabis for mental health concerns: A cross-sectional survey study.

Use of cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding is increasing. Mental health concerns are reported as common reasons for maternal cannabis use, but little is known about the use of psychiatric medications in this population. This study aimed to describe psychiatric medication use among pregnant and breastfeeding mothers who used cannabis for mental health concerns. Anonymous, online cross-sectional survey. Data were collected from May 2018 to August 2019 among pregnant and breastfeeding mothers who used cannabis. This study included mothers who reported cannabis use for mental health concerns (n = 1363). The survey assessed the timing of cannabis use (during pregnancy and/or lactation); use of cannabis to address depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, or anxiety; use of psychiatric medications; psychiatric distress (Patient Health Questionnaire-4); and demographic information. Differences between groups were examined using t-test and chi-square test in SPSS. The mean age was 29.7 years; most were married (62%); 74% were White non-Hispanic, 9% Hispanic, and 17% Black, Indigenous or other People of Color. Mental health symptoms prompting cannabis use included anxiety (96%), depression (75%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (36%). Only 24% of respondents (n = 322) reported concomitant use of psychiatric medications, primarily selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (72%, n = 232) and benzodiazepines (21%, n = 68). The composite Patient Health Questionnaire-4 showed most respondents had no (61%) or mild (27%) psychological distress; 14% screened positive for depression; and 17% screened positive for anxiety. Respondents who used psychiatric medications more often screened positive mental health concerns. Most mothers who used cannabis for mental health concerns were not taking psychiatric medications. This may be due to a mismatch between perceived mental health and screening results, un- or under-treated mental illness, or preference for cannabis over psychiatric medications. Improved management of perinatal mental health and effective patient education about risks of cannabis versus medication use are needed.

Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Melakukan Kontrol Rutin pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di RSU. Imelda Pekerja Indonesia

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition where there is an increase in glucose levels in the blood because the body cannot produce or produce insulin or the body cannot use insulin effectively. In improving the compliance of DM sufferers, it is very important to find out several factors that cause non-compliance in DM sufferers. This type of research is quantitative using a cross-sectional approach to see the relationship between family support and compliance with carrying out routine control in diabetes mellitus sufferers at RSU Imelda Workers Indonesia with a sample size of 37 respondents. From the results of the analysis using the SPSS Chi-Square test system, it shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between family support and compliance with routine control at the RSU. IPI Medan with a p-value = 0.017, so it can be concluded that Ha accepts that there is a significant relationship between family support and compliance with routine control in diabetes mellitus patients. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between family support and compliance with routine control in diabetes mellitus sufferers.

Measuring fall risk in patients hospitalized in palliative care services and factors affecting nutritional risk

Objective: The study was conducted to determine the fall risk of patients hospitalized in the palliative care services of state hospitals affiliated to Bursa health directorate and to determine the differences between the groups with and without malnutrition risk. Method: The sample of the study, which was planned as a descriptive study, consisted of consecutive (n=573) patients over 65 years of age who were hospitalized in the palliative care services of public hospitals affiliated to Bursa Health Directorate in the first six months of 2022. The Itaki Fall Risk Scale (19 questions), which will be used to determine the study data, socio-demographic and clinical data of patients (13 questions), fall risk and fall event (13 questions), and fall risk score (for patients aged 17 and over), Nutritional risk collected using the test. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was done using the frequency and percentage, chi-square test in SPSS for Windows 18.0 program. Results: The number of hospitalized patients during the time we worked in palliative care services was 752. Of these, 573 people over the age of 65 were included in our study. The median age of the group aged 65-100 years is 80. 53.2% were female, 46.8% were male. 92% of them had at least one chronic disease. The three most common chronic diseases were HT, Alzheimer's and Cerebrovascular Disease, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in the scoring of COPD, Alzheimer's and pressure ulcers in the groups with and without nutritional risk, respectively.(p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001) Conclusion: Malnutrition, falls, and bedsores can be prevented early in patients screened with appropriate scales. In this way, it may be possible to prevent the burden of disease on the caregiver, the society, and the state.

P093: From involved- field to involved-node – Quality analysis of the radiation therapy in HD 17 by the expert panel of the German Hodgkin Study Group

Question: The use of radiotherapy (RT) for intermediate-stage Hodgkin lymphoma is discussed vividly. The HD17 trial of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) evaluated the value of consolidative involved-node (IN)RT for patients with PET-positivity after chemotherapy and enabled a comparison between INRT and involved-field (IF)RT [1]. The present work analyzes the quality of the performed RT. Methods/Material: For quality assessment, all INRT-plans in the HD 17 trial were requested and compared to a random selection of IFRT-cases in the standard arm. The RT was assessed by experts of the radiation therapy panel of the GHSG using initial (staging) imaging, RT plans and the recommendation forms by the reference radiation oncology. Evaluation was graded as „correct“, „minor deviation“ or „major deviation“. Statistical analyses were per-formed using a chi-square test in SPSS (version 27/28, IBM, NY, USA). Results: In total, 178 patients (INRT: 136, IFRT: 42) were analyzed, treated with a median RT dose of 30 Gy (IFRT: 18–30.6 Gy, INRT: 14 Gy-40 Gy). The majority (76.5 %) of INRT-cases showed no deviation compared to 69.1 % of IFRT-cases. Deviations were reported for 9.6 % and 14.0 % of patients in the INRT-group compared to 11.9 % and 19.1 % in the IFRT-group for minor and major deviations, respectively. There was no significant difference between both cohorts regarding the percentage of plans with deviations (p=0.333) or the percentage of major deviations (p=0.423). The principal causes for major deviations were too narrow target volumens in the involved region (IFRT: 6 vs. INRT: 1) or incorrect RT doses (IFRT: 1, INRT: 2). Conclusion: The performed INRT was delineated and planned correctly in most cases and reveals a high degree of quality. There has been no decline in RT-planning in comparison to IFRT. Continuous education is pivotal to enable high-quality INRT outside of clinical trials. Literature 1.Lancet Oncol. 2021 Feb;22(2):223-234.

Korelasi Nilai Hematokrit dan Jumlah Trombosit dengan Antibodi IgG dan IgM Dengue

Dengue virus infection can affect blood cells, one of which is the number of platelets so that it decreases, due to the formation of viral antibody complexes that stimulate platelet aggregation. DHF is characterized by plasma leakage with an increase in hematocrit >20%. Diagnosis of dengue virus infection is supported by examination of IgG and IgM antibodies, platelet count, and hematocrit. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between hematocrit and platelet counts with IgG and IgM antibodies to DHF. Research method: cross-sectional. Laboratory data were processed using the SPSS Chi-Square test software. The results of the statistical test of the correlation between IgG/IgM antibody results with platelet count p = 0.375 and IgG/IgM antibody results on hematocrit p = 0.487 so that it has a significance value of > 0.05. Conclusion: there is no correlation between hematocrit value and platelet count with dengue IgG and IgM antibodies.

Frequency of Myopia in Rural and Urban School Going Children

Objective: The study aimed at finding the frequency of myopia in rural and urban primary and secondary school going children from 6 to 18 years of age. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to August 2018 in a rural area of Sahiyawala and in urban area of Chiniot. A total of 1000 subjects of both gender and ages ranging between 6 to 18 years were included through a stratified random sampling technique. The sample was considered of 500 subjects in rural and 500 subjects in urban areas. Subjects of 1st class to 10th class were selected. Data was collected using a proforma and retinoscope was done for diagnosis of, Myopia. Data was analyzed by using Chi-square test in SPSS 20 software. Results: The frequency of myopia was higher in urban area 41.6% then rural area 28% (P 0.00). Other findings include, (42.6%) in urban and (56.6%) in rural area were emmetropic, and with other types of refractive errors were (15.8%) in urban and (15.4%) in rural. It was more among female 39.6% than male 30% (P 0.00). It was more in high level 35.5% than primary 34.8% and middle 34.0% (P 0.04). Conclusion: The myopia frequency is higher in urban children due to environmental factors and intense near work and also myopia is higher among female because they spend more time in reading and writing and reduce outdoor activities as compared to male.

Opioid-Related Mortality for Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease Remains Low with No Significant Increase during 2013-2019

In 2017, the United States (US) Department of Health and Human Services declared the opioid epidemic a public health emergency due to rising opioid-related deaths. Since then, there has been increasing pressure to implement policies that regulate the use and prescribing of opioid medications. These new policies that include limiting the amount of prescribed opioids can adversely affect individuals with chronic pain conditions, such as sickle cell disease (SCD), who require opioid analgesics to manage acute and chronic pain. Individuals with SCD are also affected by racial disparities in healthcare which further exacerbate the withholding of opioid medication for these individuals when needed. Opioid-related mortality trends have not been quantified specifically for individuals with SCD. Therefore, the objective of this report is to describe opioid-related mortality trends in individuals with SCD. We hypothesize that there has been no significant increase in mortality rates due to opioids during the years 2013-2019 in individuals with SCD. Secondarily, we hypothesize that individuals with SCD do not have a higher rate of death due to opioids, compared to both Black people without SCD and White people.To determine the number of deaths and population at risk during the years 2013-2019, we used data from the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) Multiple Cause of Death database. The opioid-related overdose deaths were identified using the underlying cause of death ICD-10 codes of 'X40', 'X41', 'X42', 'X43', 'X44', 'X60', 'X61', 'X62', 'X63', 'X64', 'X85', 'Y10', 'Y11', 'Y12', 'Y13', 'Y14' and multiple cause of death codes were used to identify specific drug type: 'T40.0', 'T40.1', 'T40.2', 'T40.3', 'T40.4', 'T40.6'. The deaths were determined to be among individuals with SCD if the multiple cause of death included codes for SCD 'D57.0', 'D57.1', 'D57.2', 'D57.4', 'D57.8'. Since there are no direct estimates of the SCD population in the US, we extrapolated the SCD population at risk by assuming that 1 in 365 Black people in the US have SCD. The mortality rates among Black people with SCD, Black people without SCD and White people were calculated as the crude rate per 100,000 people. The trends for death rates during 2013-2019 were evaluated using Joinpoint regression. These models fit the rates on a logarithmic scale using a series of permutation tests. We compared overall deaths over the years 2013-2019 between Black people with SCD, Black people without SCD and White people using the chi-square test in SPSS. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.Between 2013 and 2019 there were 273,301 recorded deaths due to opioids in the US. Of these, 236,982 (87.29%) occurred among White people, 31,316 (10.87%) among Black people without SCD, and 77 (0.03% of total opioid deaths) among Black people with SCD. Figure 1 represents mortality trends over time and Table 1 shows regression analysis and annual percentage changes in cohorts. We identified no statistically significant changes in the trend during the years 2013-2019 for Black people with SCD (annual percent change-APC=8.9%, p=0.217). However, we observe significant increasing opioid-related mortality rates for Black people without SCD (APC=24.9%, p<0.001). The mortality rates for White people increased significantly until 2017 (APC=16.0%, p=0.011) and then flattened over the years 2017-19. Overall mortality rates between the 2013-2019 period for Black people with SCD were significantly lower compared to White people (62.1 vs 93.8 per 100,000, p<0.001), but the difference was not significant in comparison to Black people without SCD (62.1 vs 69.4 per 100,000, p=0.33).Opioid-related mortality in Black people with SCD has not significantly increased over time despite overall increased opioid-related mortality in Black people without SCD and White people. Further, Black people with SCD have significantly lower opioid-related mortality rates compared to White people. These data support continued efforts are needed to ensure access to opioid analgesics for individuals with SCD and promote SCD pain treatment as per evidence-based guidelines. [Display omitted] DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Nurses\u2019 trust in managers and its relationship with nurses\u2019 performance behaviors: a descriptive- correlational study

BackgroundOrganizational trust is one of the most important issues in human relations that its importance in organizations is well known. Effective communication and cooperation between individuals require trust. On the other hand, the quality of a nurse’s trust in his/ her manager affects the behavior and performance of the nurse. The purpose of this study was to determine nurses’trust in managers (head-nurses and supervisors) and its relationship with nurses’ performance behavior.MethodsThis descriptive-correlational study was performed with the participation of 431 nurses working in educational centers of Ardabil, Iran. The sampling method was stratified randomly. Questionnaires of the McAllister Trust and Paterson Job Performance were used. Data analysiswas performed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency) and Chi-square testin SPSS v.22.ResultsThe results showed that the majority of nurses trusted head-nurses (80.3%) and supervisors (61.9%). In addition, most nurses’ functional behavior (92.1%) was reported as excellent. There was no significant relationship between nurse trust in head-nurse and nurses’functional behavior (P = 0.58), while it was significant between nurse-supervisor trust and nurses’ functional behavior (P = 0.03).ConclusionThe results of this study showed a relationship between nurse-supervisor trust and nurses’ functional behavior. Therefore, it is recommended ways to improve the trust between the treatment team, especially among nurses and supervisors are considered as one of the factors influencing the nurses’ behavioral performance.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANXIETY SYMPTOMS AND DEGREE OF HYPERTENSION IN RURAL INDONESIA

Background: Hypertension is responsible for at least 45% of deaths caused by heart disease and 51% of deaths due to stroke. Hypertension is a condition that is often found in primary health care. There are complex psychological processes involved in connecting between psychological factors and hypertension that are still not fully understood. Because symptoms of anxiety or hypertension pose a significant challenge as a public health problem, the relationship between the two also attracts the attention of researchers.Objective: This study aims to determine the association between anxiety symptoms and degree of hypertension in Rural Indonesia. Method: This study used descriptive analytical method with cross sectional design. Data is processed using the SPSS Chi-Square test. Results: Most of the respondents are male, consist of 37 people (61.7%) and the age category of 36-45 years is the highest by 28 people (46.7%). As for the demographic characteristics of marital status, 51 people (85%) of all respondents were married. Most of respondents’ blood pressure category was found in the hypertension stage 1 group of 23 people (38.3%), and the moderate anxiety category was as many as 23 people (38.3%). The association between anxiety symptoms and degree of hypertension in rural Indonesia showed a p value of 0.0001 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant association between anxiety symptoms and degree of hypertension in Rural Indonesia.

Time Indices of Prehospital Emergency Services in Ardabil City, Iran, 2020

Background: The role and function of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in people’s health and the need for continuous evaluation of its function, especially delivering services to the patients, are essential. So, the present study was conducted to determine the time indices of prehospital emergency services in Ardabil City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Out of all calls recorded in EMS centers of Ardabil in the first 6 months of 2020, 327 calls, which resulted in the patient’s transfer to a hospital, were randomly selected. Then, the required data, including time indices and demographic information, were extracted from EMS forms filled by a medical emergency technician for each mission. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics, including 1-way analysis of variance and the Chi-square test in SPSS v. 22. Results: In terms of time indices, the average delay time (1.01 minutes), the response time (7.87 minutes), on-scene time (13.81 minutes), transport time (12.53 minutes), the total run time (transport time, response time, and on-scene time) (35.15 minutes), and the round trip time (52.50) had been recorded. According to the Chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between the total run time (transport time, response time, and on-scene time), transport time, round trip time, and the location of the emergency base. Conclusion: EMS time indices were at the desired level. Updating information systems, ambulances, medical equipment, and holding training courses for personnel working in this system can effectively improve time indicators.

Effects of Obstetric Interventions During Labor on Birth Process and Newborn Health.

AIMThis study aimed to investigate the effects of the interventions in the delivery room on the delivery process and the newborn health.METHODThe analytical-cross-sectional study was carried out with 354 puerperal women who gave birth in hospital between December 2016 and June 2017 in a public hospital. The data were collected by the data collection form developed by the researchers. Data analysis was done by using descriptive statistics and chi-square test in SPSS 21.00 program.RESULTSThe interventions were determined in continuous electro fetal monitoring (80.5%), oxytocin induction (79.9%), restriction of free movement (56.8%), amniotomy (49.7%), enema (44.1%), and movement restriction (56.8%). The intervention period of the second phase of delivery was longer and the rate of cesarean section was higher, and the need for NICU, suction difficulty, 5th APGAR score less than 7, trauma development, difficulty in suction, and higher trauma rates were found in infants. It was determined that the rate of oxygen need in puerperals admitted to the delivery room with cervical dilatation below five cm, vacuum and episiotomy applications in those who underwent amniotomy, and vacuum application rates in those undergoing oxytocin inductions were found to be high. In addition, the rate of fundal compression and episiotomy was significantly higher in patients who used continuous electro fetal monitoring, fundal compression and vacuum rate in patients who were administered analgesic drugs, and episiotomy rates in patients using analgesic drugs.CONCLUSIONIt has been concluded that interventions in the first phase of labor negatively affect the delivery process and neonatal health and increase the need for intervention in the second phase.

Anti-myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein in Aquaporin-4 Negative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Background: The absence of Aquaporin-4 Antibody (AQP4-Ab) in a fraction of the Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) patients has led to a search for other serologic markers. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is a protein component of the myelin sheets encapsulating the neural fibers. Objectives: We aimed to compare the presence and levels of anti-MOG (Ig-G) in a group of seronegative NMOSD patients with a healthy control group. Materials &amp; Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 NMOSD patients with negative AQP-Ab status, who were referred to the Neurology Clinic of Kashani University Hospital in Isfahan City, Iran, from March 2015 to March 2016, and 26 healthy controls were consecutively recruited. Their baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serum anti-MOG levels were measured in both groups. The obtained data were analyzed using the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Chisquare test in SPSS V. 18. Results: The anti-MOG test results were statistically higher in patients (n=12, 37.5%) compared to controls (n=0, 0%) (P&lt;0.0001). The level of anti-MOG in Healthy Control (HC) was higher compared to patients with negative anti-MOG (P&lt;0.0001) and was lower than patients with positive anti-MOG (P&lt;0.0001). Conclusion: Our study showed that nearly one-third of seronegative NMOSD patients were positive for MOG-Ab. Further studies are needed to assess the characteristics and outcome of these patients.