Centralized Management System Research Articles

Toward data lakes as central building blocks for data management and analysis.

Data lakes are a fundamental building block for many industrial data analysis solutions and becoming increasingly popular in research. Often associated with big data use cases, data lakes are, for example, used as central data management systems of research institutions or as the core entity of machine learning pipelines. The basic underlying idea of retaining data in its native format within a data lake facilitates a large range of use cases and improves data reusability, especially when compared to the schema-on-write approach applied in data warehouses, where data is transformed prior to the actual storage to fit a predefined schema. Storing such massive amounts of raw data, however, has its very own challenges, spanning from the general data modeling, and indexing for concise querying to the integration of suitable and scalable compute capabilities. In this contribution, influential papers of the last decade have been selected to provide a comprehensive overview of developments and obtained results. The papers are analyzed with regard to the applicability of their input to data lakes that serve as central data management systems of research institutions. To achieve this, contributions to data lake architectures, metadata models, data provenance, workflow support, and FAIR principles are investigated. Last, but not least, these capabilities are mapped onto the requirements of two common research personae to identify open challenges. With that, potential research topics are determined, which have to be tackled toward the applicability of data lakes as central building blocks for research data management.

Healthcare clinic and pharmacy chains in Kenya and Nigeria: A qualitative exploration of the opportunities and risks they present for healthcare regulatory systems.

Regulating fragmented healthcare markets is a major challenge in low- and middle-income countries. Although a recent transformation towards consolidation could improve regulatory efficiency, there are concerns over risks to client safety and market functioning. We investigated market consolidation through the emergence of clinic and pharmacy chains in Kenya and Nigeria and explored resultant regulatory opportunities and risks. The study was conducted in Nairobi Kenya and Abuja Nigeria. Data were collected through document reviews and 26 interviews with chain operators, professional associations and regulators between September and December 2018. A thematic analysis was conducted. We characterised two broad types of chains: organic chains that started as single business locations and expanded gradually, and investor-driven chains that expanded rapidly following external capital injection. In both countries, chains and independents were regulated similarly, with regulators failing to both capitalize on opportunities and guard against risks. For instance, chains' brand visibility and centralised management systems made them easier to regulate and more suitable for self-regulation. On the other hand, chains were perceived to pose the risks of market dominance, commercialisation of healthcare, and regulatory capture. As healthcare chains expand, regulators should build on opportunities presented and guard against emerging risks.

Türkiye Yönetim Sistemi Çerçevesinde Merkezî Yönetim İlkelerinin İncelenmesi

In this study, it is aimed to examine the principles of the central management system from the theoretical framework within the framework of the current management system of Turkey. The Republic of Turkey has a centralized state and is governed with the understanding of a unitary management system. In a centralized state, it is imperative that the administration demonstrate integrity. The main purpose of gathering the power in one hand in the center is to serve every region and city of the country within the framework of the principle of justice by managing the country as a whole within the framework of a more orderly, more systematic and more qualified management approach. Decentralization and decentralization can be seen as two opposite ends of a whole. In fact, they are all parts of a whole, a system. The integrity and harmony between the general management and the Decadal management organizations is ensured by the guardianship audit, and within the administrative organization by the ‘hierarchical audit’ method. In terms of ensuring the integrity of management, both guardianship and hierarchical supervision are important tools. Key Words: Management System, Central Management, Unitary Structure

Towards AI-powered data-driven education

Educational platforms are increasingly becoming AI-driven. Besides providing a wide range of course filtering options, personalized recommendations of learning material and teachers are driving today's research. While accuracy plays a major role in evaluating those recommendations, many factors must be considered including learner retention, throughput, upskilling ability, equity of learning opportunities, and satisfaction. This creates a tension between learner-centered and platform-centered approaches. I will describe research at the intersection of data-driven recommendations and education theory. This includes multi-objective algorithms that leverage collaboration and affinity in peer learning, studying the impact of learning strategies on platforms and people, and automating the generation of sequences of courses. The paper ends with a discussion of the central role data management systems could play in enabling modern online education.

Something Lost, Something Gained: Changes in China’s Procuratorate in Response to the Reform of the National Supervision System

Abstract China’s significant reform of the national supervision system in 2016 eliminated the general power to investigate professional misconduct by the members of the procuratorate. It resulted in serious challenges to the performance of China’s procuratorial functions in terms of criminal litigation and the ability to supervise criminal litigation. To counter the potential impact and strengthen the procuratorate’s procuratorial functions, in response the Supreme People’s Procuratorate carried out three main reforms: (1) it restructured the procuratorate’s internal institutions and established four specialized criminal procuratorial departments; (2) it empowered one prosecutor with the authority to arrest and prosecute suspected criminals; and (3) it encouraged a system of detailed procuratorial sentencing recommendations. At the same time, the procuratorate developed internal and external supporting measures to ensure steady progress in procuratorial reform. To protect against potential external interference, the procuratorate promotes a more centralized management system. Internally, it has engaged in personnel reforms and made procuratorial recommendations.

Optimal control of renewable energy in buildings using the machine learning method

In this paper, the optimal control of renewable energy in the green building using a powerful reinforcement learning control method is presented to minimize energy consumption and power losses in the distribution sector. Solar energy for heating, solar photovoltaic cells, and biomass boilers is considered the main renewable energy source. The control system is determined based on the energy sources usage of the building and what is stored for later use or injected into the environment to satisfy the requirement of renewable energy along with minimum use of other energies. The optimization is represented in the central management system in the building with a novel system which is called here Building Energy Enhancement Learning (BEEL). Optimized BEEL is maximized the numerical reward of the signal by the represented reinforcement learning algorithm and compare with a hybrid supporting vector-wavelet learning algorithm. The new method reveals the corresponding actions are based on the reward and have higher compliance than the other represented machine learning methods. Two unique features of reinforcement learning compared to artificial intelligence methods are trial and error and delay reward, which is done here with 99.98% accuracy.

Развитие региональной экономики Республики Дагестан в централизованной системе управления экономикой РФ

Развитие региональной экономики Республики Дагестан подчинено общей централизованной системе управления экономикой РФ, осуществляется органами власти региона, входящими в вертикаль власти, на основе общей нормативно-правовой базы, с применением инструментов регулирования экономики, носящих универсальный характер. Региональное руководство должно осуществлять усилия для выявления особенностей и потенциала экономики региона с целью стимулирования экономического роста республики. The development of the regional economy of the Republic of Dagestan is subordinated to the general centralized system of economic management of the Russian Federation, is carried out by the authorities of the region, which are part of the vertical of power, on the basis of a common regulatory framework, using tools for regulating the economy, which are of a universal nature. The regional leadership should make efforts to identify the features and potential of the region's economy in order to stimulate the economic growth of the republic.

Scalable and Characterization Methods and Tools for Remote Monitoring of Off Grid Technologies: Case Study of 3x15mva Power Distribution Injection Substation in Nigeria

Remote control and monitoring of energy resources are vital for the effective management of electricity in rural areas. Access to electricity in rural areas of Nigeria has grown in recent years. Nigeria appears to be growing rapidly in the electrification of both rural and urban areas through the use of distributed energy resources using renewable energy. Nevertheless, there have been challenges in the remote monitoring of the energy resources in the rural area. The challenges include high cost of implementation, available technology, power consumption, system integration, social-Economic challenge, etc. This paper present a cost-effective concept for remote monitoring systems of distributed energy resources (off-grid/mini-grid) and on-grid/main-grid technologies based on free open-source Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) or vison CC software that runs on a server located at the central station and a robust interface panel where the sensors measure system parameters, which are subsequently analyzed by signal processors before being transferred to a central location, where data is stored on the server's hard drive. The remote monitoring system is for monitoring and collection of energy data such as current, voltage, power, and environmental data such as temperature and humidity. The basic remote monitoring system consists of two components: a transmitter located at a remote site (where the mini-grid is installed) and a receiver located at the central station (where the system monitoring process is done). The proposed concept comprises various means of connecting locally with the remote system, with the connection being through Universal Serial Bus (USB), RS232, RS485, or Ethernet, where this data is stored on a central relational database management system, which makes it possible for posterior analysis.

Legal regulation of the system of public administration entities providing the administrative and legal regime of special economic zones

The subject of the article is scientific ideas that determine the essence and content of the system of public administration entities that ensure the administrative and legal regime of special economic zones. The author analyzes constitutional norms and provisions of legislative and subordinate acts that form the legal basis for their organization and functioning, the practice of their application.The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate the improvement of the system of subjects for ensuring the administrative and legal regime of special economic zones in order to increase the level of their interaction and the progressive economic development of the respective territories.The methodology. The author uses general scientific methods were used (formal-logical, systemic-structural and dialectical methods), as well as private scientific methods, such as the formal-legal, comparative-legal method, the method of interpretation of legal norms.The main results, scope of application. The article reveals the current state of the legal regulation of the system of subjects of public administration of special economic zones in terms of correlation with the new constitutional norms on public authority, characterizes public administration in special economic zones from the point of view of the systemic unity of its constituent elements. The article reveals the shortcomings of this system from the standpoint of completeness, the state of interrelations between its various elements, which cause a decrease in the investment attractiveness of special economic zones, which do not contribute to the creation of new industries and the production of competitive products.The paper substantiates the need to develop a balanced model of organization and functioning of the corresponding legal regime developed with the participation of business representatives. The article proposes a more complete version of the system of subjects of public administration in comparison with the statutory one, including not only those that form a single centralized management system, but also others - the executive and administrative bodies of municipalities, as well as collective formations that are not included in the system of state bodies. and municipal authorities (supervisory boards, expert councils). Based on the identified shortcomings in the organization of expert councils of special economic zones, the article formulates scientifically based proposals for improving the current legislation.Conclusions. It is necessary to bring the Federal Law “On Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation” into line with the new provisions of the Russian Constitution on public authority. It will let legalize the existing system of public administration of special economic zones,. Rules on the special economic zones administration should be set out in a chapter entitled “Peculiarities of Implementation public authorities in special economic zones”. The idea was formulated to describe in the proposed chapter a list of all subjects of public administration of special economic zones - the Russian Government, the authorized federal executive body, authorized executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, executive and administrative bodies of municipalities, management companies, supervisory boards and expert councils and determine the powers of each of them.

Joint Security and Train Control Design in Blockchain-Empowered CBTC System

The communication-based train control (CBTC) system ensures the high efficiency and orderliness of trains and is widely used in urban rail transit networks. The adoption of wireless communication and network techniques makes the CBTC systems more vulnerable to cyber attacks. Identity authentication is an effective approach to improve system security. The existing identity authentication mechanisms in CBTC adopt a centralized key management system sensitive to single-point failures. To improve system security, in this article, we deploy a blockchain in CBTC systems. The client that runs the blockchain program not only acts as blockchain nodes to provide distributed key management for the CBTC system but they also work as a relay node to authenticate the communication between train control nodes in CBTC systems. Based on the blockchain-empowered distributed security scheme, the block producer selection and onboard blockchain client handoff decision problem are studied. With the objective to minimize the impact of the key updating process on CBTC system performance and keep the system security under a reasonable level, we formulate the block producer selection and onboard blockchain client handoff decision problem using the deep reinforcement learning approach. Extensive simulation results illustrate that the proposed blockchain-empowered security scheme can significantly improve the CBTC system security, and CBTC systems need to sacrifice part performance to ensure system security.

Blood Transfusion Practices in Dengue Fever: A Cross Sectional Single Center Study During a Dengue Outbreak in Pakistan

Introduction: Dengue fever (DF) is a global health problem in tropical and subtropical regions across the globe. Pakistan has become one of the countries which are hit by its outbreaks for the past two decades with the first outbreak reported in 1994.It is a mosquito-borne infection which is transmitted to humans from the mosquito bite. Characteristics of dengue fever are thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy and increased capillary permeability. The disease spectrum ranges from mild fever to life threatening hemorrhagic shock syndrome; hemorrhagic manifestations are the most feared complications of the disease. Guidelines regarding fluid management in dengue fever have been established by Center for Disease Control (CDC) and local national bodies in Pakistan however comprehensive data regarding blood product usage is lacking. Understanding the rationale use of blood products can reduce burden on blood bank inventories as well as reduce unnecessary blood product exposure to the patients in dengue outbreak.
 Aims & Objectives: Assessment of compliance of physicians and transfusion provision authorities regarding blood products usage with local and international guidelines in managing dengue outbreak.
 Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore from September 2021 to November 2021.
 Material & Methods: It was a cross sectional study. Total 107 patients who were non-structural antigen1(NS1) positive confirmed dengue infection presented at Chughtai Blood Bank for request of any blood product were included in the study; individuals with existing cytopenia (known cases) unrelated to Dengue (NS1 antigen positive) were excluded. Data was recorded on a pre-designed Performa/questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0. Frequencies were calculated and expressed as percentages.
 Results: Mean Age of 107 patients was 53 years (±19.05) out of which 63(58.9%) were males and 44(41.1%) were females. Blood products requested were platelets in 93(86.9%) patients, platelets and fresh frozen plasma in 3(2.8%), platelets and whole blood in 9(8.4%) and whole blood in 2(1.9%) patients. Therapeutic platelet transfusions were done in 35(32.7%) patients and prophylactic platelet transfusions were done in 72(67.3%) patients.
 Conclusion: Lack of practicing evidence-based guidelines and inappropriate usage of blood products during dengue epidemic overburdens health care facilities and adds to the stress and panic. A well-coordinated centralized management system for dengue outbreak can play pivotal role in guiding rationale use of blood products.

Evaluating the reliability of media reports for gathering information about illegal wildlife trade seizures.

Illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is threatening many species across the world. It is important to better understand the scale and characteristics of IWT to inform conservation priorities and actions. However, IWT usually takes place covertly, meaning that the data on species, trade routes and volumes is limited. This means that conservationists often have to rely on publicly available law enforcement reports of seizures as potential indicators of the magnitude and characteristics of IWT. Still, even these data may be difficult to access, leading conservationists to use media reports of seizures instead. This is the case in countries like Nepal, which have limited capacity in data keeping and reporting, and no centralized data management system. Yet reliance on media reports risks introducing further biases, which are rarely acknowledged or discussed. Here we characterize IWT in Nepal by comparing data from three sources of information on IWT between January 2005 and July 2017: seizure reports from three Nepali national daily newspapers, official seizure records for Kathmandu district, and data on additional enforcement efforts against IWT in Nepal. We found a strong positive correlation between the number of official and media-reported seizures over time, but media under-reported seizure numbers, with 78% of seizures going unreported. Seizures of charismatic, protected species were reported more often and seizure reports involving tigers were most likely to be reported (57%). Media reports appeared to be a good indicator of trends and the species being seized but not overall seizure number, with the media largely underestimating total seizure numbers. Therefore, media reports cannot be solely relied upon when it comes to informing conservation decision-making. We recommend that conservationists triangulate different data sources when using seizure data reported in the media to more rigorously characterise IWT.

Horizon Multi-functional Student Administration System

This paper is made for mainly colleges and schools for maintaining discipline and to preserve time of working faculty. This paper is mainly focused on cloud or digital storage option as well as it is focused or simply made with the intension on centralized management system for schools or colleges. We can conserve time and maintain student discipline using "Centralized Student Administration System”. Student administration system provides an organized IoT based User Interface as compared to all traditional system till now. Another objective of this paper is to increase convenience for teachers and other staff with modern technology focused on reducing lengthy work and increasing convenience. After researching in the field of Information Technology about College Management System, we found that traditional systems are way too time consuming and lengthy. There are many ideas about College Management System but only few of them are implemented because of difficult and vast requirement and its time-consuming process. It proposes efficient and convenient wireless sensor network technique to acquire the neatness and discipline in college or school. It proposes a Centralized Management System of modern technology and innovation. Now a days, technologies like smart cards are getting used world- wide for making the office excess works like attendance, entries less time consuming. We are aiming to develop convenience to rather all workers co-workers and other employees. If we are considering these professional characters then we also consider students who are usually going through their most important phase of their career. This paper is made for mainly colleges and schools for maintaining discipline and to preserve time of working faculty. This paper is mainly focused on cloud or digital storage option as well as it is focused or simply made with the intention on centralized management system for schools or colleges. We can conserve time and maintain student discipline using “Centralized Student Administration System”. Centralized student administration system provides an organized IoT based User Interface as compared to all traditional system till now. Another objective of this paper is to increase convenience for teachers and other staff with modern technology focused on reducing lengthy work and increasing convenience. Data management can be difficult for traditional systems but because of this paper it will be easy to maintain student data Traditional academic management system lack in support for mobile devices, so we will try to make this paper available on most common platform-like mobile devices.

High-flow nasal oxygen alone or alternating with non-invasive ventilation in critically ill immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: a randomised controlled trial

Although non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is recommended for immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure in the intensive care unit (ICU), it might have deleterious effects in the most severe patients. High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) alone might be an alternative method to reduce mortality. We aimed to determine whether HFNO alone could reduce the rate of mortality at day 28 compared with HFNO alternated with NIV. FLORALI-IM is a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial conducted in 29 ICUs (28 in France and one in Italy). Adult immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure, defined as respiratory rate of 25 breaths per min or more and a partial pressure of arterial oxygen to inspired fraction of oxygen ratio of 300 mm Hg or lower, were randomly assigned (1:1) to HFNO alone (HFNO alone group) or NIV alternating with HFNO (NIV group). Key exclusion criteria were severe hypercapnia above 50 mm Hg, patients who could strongly benefit from NIV (ie, those with underlying chronic lung disease, with cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, or who were postoperative), severe shock, impaired consciousness defined as Glasgow coma score ≤12, urgent need for intubation, do not intubate order, and contraindication to NIV. Patients were assigned using computer-generated permuted blocks and were stratified according to centre and to the type of immunosuppression using a centralised web-based management system. In the HFNO alone group, patients were continuously treated by HFNO with a gas flow rate of 60 L/min or the highest tolerated. In the NIV group, patients were treated with NIV with a first session of at least 4 h, and then by sessions for a minimal duration of 12 h a day, with a dedicated ventilator, targeting a tidal volume below 8 mL/kg of predicted bodyweight, and with a positive end-expiratory level of at least 8 cm H2O. NIV sessions were interspaced with HFNO delivered as in the HFNO alone group. The primary outcome was mortality at day 28 and was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. Secondary outcomes were mortality in the ICU, in hospital, at day 90 and at day 180, intubation at day 28, length of stay in the ICU and in hospital, number of ventilator-free days at day 28, number of oxygenation technique-free days at day 28, and efficacy and tolerance of oxygenation techniques. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02978300, and is complete. Between Jan 21, 2017 to March 4, 2019, of 497 eligible patients, 300 were randomly assigned but one patient withdrew consent, leaving 299 patients included in the intention-to-treat analysis (154 assigned to the HFNO alone group and 145 assigned to NIV group). Mortality rate at day 28 was 36% (95% CI 29·2 to 44·2; 56 of 154 patients) in the HFNO alone group and 35% (27·9 to 43·2; 51 of 145 patients) in the NIV group (absolute difference 1·2% [95% CI -9·6 to 11·9]; p=0·83). None of the other prespecified secondary outcomes were different between groups except for greater decreased discomfort after initiation of HFNO than with NIV (-4 mm on visual analogic scale [IQR -18 to 4] vs 0 mm [-16 to 17]; p=0·040). In critically ill immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure, the mortality rate did not differ between HFNO alone and NIV alternating with HFNO. However, study power was limited, so results should be interpreted with caution. French Ministry of Health.

Low-Cost Connected Work Zone Devices with Simplified Architecture

Connected work zone devices for safety, traffic monitoring, and performance evaluation are important assets in road construction projects. Challenges for implementation and connectivity present a barrier to their use and full realization of benefits. Typical connected work zone devices require dedicated cellular modems with monthly data charges for each device. The numerous connections or proprietary platforms hinder integration with a central advanced traffic management system. The described architecture presents considerable costs in data ownership and security concerns. This paper presents an alternative architecture wherein many inexpensive monitoring and incident detection devices read and process sensor data and communicate information by radio link to a single internet-connected hub that forwards information to a central server. The server then notifies client applications that support work zone monitoring and incident response. From a field test of the radio units in an active work zone, the effective transmission range was found to be 3 km. All devices in a work zone up to 6 km in length could be serviced by a single internet-connected base receiver station centered within it. Prototype devices were created using readily and inexpensively available sensors and microcontrollers. An example dashboard was created to show real-time work zone device and sensor information on a mapping interface. This project shows how use of connected work zone devices can be expanded at low cost using commonly available hardware and skills with a simplified architecture and encapsulated complexity from the standpoint of work zone management personnel while retaining data ownership.

Neonatal Screening Application

Abstract: Neonatal screening is a set of medical diagnostics that are performed on infants. Our project deals with the problem of a centralized management system for hospitals making it easier for doctors as well as patients to view reports and compare current reports with the previous reports. Our app would also help in reducing errors that are generally caused when this process of comparing and contrasting the report is done manually by doctors. The main objective of this project is to develop a Client Server based environment, for transferring the medical report details from the bio medical lab. Also to improve data analysis technique, using previous data comparison methods. This system works on accurate recording of all user report transactions lead to better data management and increases in various comparisons. This project consists of two types of interactions like admin and patient. Admin will be providing with a well secured login and patient details will be registered using admin. A user name and password will be provided to the user. The initially process is to enter the medical test requirement of the patient. The details contain prescribed doctor details, patient details and lab test details. Each disease will contain different CTA (Complete test analysis) for their test result. For example a general blood sugar test contains HBL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, Glucose level and etc. These all said to be CTA test. Once patient has been register successfully their blood will be collected and a temporary reference number will be provided. This temporary number is for admin and employee reference. Once their blood test has been done, the test result will be uploaded by the admin by selected the corresponding user name. The uploading details will be stored in a centralized server for data utility purpose. Patient can login with their user and password. Through selecting the date, the patient can view their current test result from their home itself. A test history option will be provided to the patient. So that patient can compare their test with their previous test results. This option makes the patient to manage and know about their health condition and their treatment. An interactive grid and chart will be generated for furnishing the result to the patient. Admin can maintain their patient detail, patient count, test results and etc. This makes more comfortable communication between admin and patients. Also entire treatment record will be computerized for future references.

Design and Performance Analysis of Hybrid Energy Harvesting and WSN Application for More Life Time and High Throughput

the technology of wireless sensor-actuator networks (WSANs) is widely employed in the applications of IoT due to its wireless nature and it does not involve any wired structure. The wireless systems that are battery-driven can easily reconfigure the existing devices and sensors efficiently in the manufacturing units without employing any cable for power operation as well as for communication. The wireless sensor-actuator networks that are based on IEEE 802.15.4 consumes significantly less power. These networks are designed and built cost-effectively by considering the capacity of battery and expense so that they can be employed for many applications. The application of a typical wireless Autonomous Scheduling and Distributed Graph Routing (DDSR) has illustrated the reliability of employing its basic approaches for almost ten years and it consists of the accurate plot for routing and time-slotted channel hopping therefore ensuring accurate low-power wireless communication in the processing site. Officially declared by the controversial statements associated with the government of Greek experiences fourth industrialization. There is a huge requirement for sensor nodes link via WSAN in the industrial site. Also, reduced computational complexity is one of the drawbacks faced by the existing standards of WSAN which is caused because of their highly centralized traffic management systems and thereby significantly improves the consistency and accessibility of network operations at the expense of optimization. This research work enables the study of efficient Wireless DGR network management and also introduces an alternative for DDSR by enabling the sensor nodes to determine their data traffic routes for the transmission of data. When compared to the above two physical routing protocols, the proposed technique can drastically improve the performance of a network, throughput, and energy consumption under various aspects. Energy harvesting (EH) plays a significant role in the implementation of large IoT devices. The requirement for subsequent employment of power sources is eliminated by The efficient approach of Energy Harvesting and thereby providing a relatively close- perpetual working environment for the network. The structural concept of routing protocols that are designed for the IoT applications which are based on the wireless sensor has been transformed into "energy-harvesting-aware" from the concept of "energy-aware" because of the development in the Energy harvesting techniques. The main objective of the research work is to propose a routing protocol that is energy-harvesting-aware for the various network of IoT in case of acoustic sources of energy. A novel algorithm for routing called Autonomous Scheduling and Distributed Graph Routing (DDSR) has been developed and significantly improved by incorporating a new “energy back-off” factor. The proposed algorithm when integrated with various techniques of energy harvesting enhances the longevity of nodes, quality of service of a network under increased differential traffic, and factors influencing the accessibility of energy. The research work analyses the performance of the system for various constraints of energy harvesting. When compared to previous routing protocols the proposed algorithm achieves very good energy efficiency in the network of distributed IoT by fulfilling the requirements of QoS.

RAW images and videos for 30K panoramic projection using the ACES workflow

According to our recent paper [1], the concept of creating a still image panorama with the additional inclusion of video footage up to 30K resolution has proven to be successful in various application examples. However, certain aspects of the production pipeline need some optimization, especially the color workflow and the spatial placement of the video content. This paper aims to compare two workflows to overcome these problems. In particular, the following two methods are described in detail: 1) Improving the current workflow with the Canon EOS D5 Mark IV camera as the central device, 2) Establishing a new workflow using the new possibilities of the Apple iPhone 12 Pro MAX. The following aspects are the subject of our investigation: a) The fundamental idea is to use the ACES as the central color management system. It is investigated if the direct import from RAW to ACEScg via dcraw and rawtoaces shows advantages. In addition, the conversion from Dolby Vision to ACES for the video processing is investigated, and the result is evaluated. Furthermore, the influence of stitching programs (e.g., PTGUI) on the color workflow is observed and optimized. b) The second part of the paper deals with the spatial integration of the videos into the still panoramas. Due to the different crop factors, specific focal lengths must be applied when using the Canon EOS D5 Mark IV; this distorts the image and video materials differently and makes it difficult to place the video footage in the panorama. We investigate if the usage of the lens distortion removal algorithm improves results. Furthermore, the comparison of the performance and capabilities of the Apple iPhone 12 Pro MAX is also evaluated regarding this aspect. Finally, the recorded resolution of detailed vegetation and foliage in video footage is compared. The paper summarizes the results of the new proposed workflow and indicates necessary further investigation. [1] Hasche, Eberhard; Benning, Dominik; Karaschewski, Oliver; Carstens, Florian; Creutzburg, Reiner: Creating high-resolution 360-degree single-line 25K video content for modern conference rooms using film compositing techniques. In: Electronic Imaging, Mobile Devices and Multimedia: Technologies, Algorithms & Applications 2020, pp. 206-1-206-14(14), https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2020.3.MOBMU-206

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ СЕЛЬСКОГО ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ

The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of digitalization, which is in demand by rural healthcare. Theoretical positions of researchers of organizational sustainability and mechanisms of sustainable development of complex systems recognized by the international scientific community are summarized. Their concretization in application to the goals and objectives of the study made it possible to identify and theoretically substantiate the need to treat the development of a digital space for rural healthcare as a specific object that corresponds to the characteristics of rural settlement and the structure of rural healthcare. Theoretically, the increased importance of the development and application of a set of digital technologies in rural health care, ensuring its organizational sustainability in the face of the internationally recognized weakness of rural health systems, has been proven. On the basis of the identified and scientifically substantiated theoretical provisions, methodological requirements for the formation of a set of digital technologies that are in demand by rural healthcare and ensure its organizational sustainability have been developed. These include the need to take into account the presence of small rural healthcare organizations, the presence in the structure of rural healthcare; health care organizations that are not in the city; low technical provision of the rural population with digital technologies compared to the city. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the theoretical and methodological provisions identified and scientifically substantiated in the article for the formation of organizational sustainability of rural healthcare. The article scientifically substantiates the main condition for the formation of sustainable development of digitalization of rural healthcare. This condition is defined as the need to develop and implement a practical approach to the organization of rural health care in the form of a subsystem of national health care that has an organizational status. This means that the rural health care system should have the layout of health care organizations that correspond to the characteristics of rural settlement in Russia; to have its own legal framework and financing system, a centralized management system with management bodies at all territorial levels of rural healthcare. The practical significance of the article is reflected in the developed methodology for organizing the digital space of rural healthcare, which includes an analysis of the features of the formation of the digital space of rural healthcare in the conditions of rural settlement in Russia, which can be applied in the process of developing programs and strategies for the digitalization of rural healthcare in Russia at various territorial levels of rural settlement.

Dilemma and Countermeasures of Local Higher Education Investment in China Under Fiscal Decentralization

Under the fiscal decentralization system, China has implemented a central and provincial management system. Colleges and universities are divided into central and local colleges and universities. At present, local higher education is facing the dilemma of insufficient investment. The reasons are mainly reflected in three aspects: first, the inherent defects of China's fiscal decentralization system restrict the attention of local governments to the higher education needs of local residents; Second, the speed of local economic development can not keep up with the rapid development of the scale of local higher education, resulting in the lack of financial resources for local governments to invest in higher education;, The third is the game of local governments in the direction of financial investment under the fiscal decentralization system, which leads to the reluctance of local governments to invest funds in the field of higher education. We believe that in order to alleviate the plight of insufficient investment in local higher education, we should promote the decentralization reform of higher education investment system; The local government should establish a scientific view of political achievements, improve the understanding of the importance of higher education, and speed up the financial allocation to local colleges and universities; Mobilize non-public resources to invest in local higher education and broaden the financing channels of local colleges and universities.