Cattle Waste Research Articles

Towards sustainable electronics: High-performance biodegradable polymer-based dielectric composite utilizing hydroxyapatite from cattle bone waste

Polymer-based film capacitors find widespread use in electronics and electrical systems, but the utilization of non-biodegradable dielectric materials contributes to excessive electronic waste. To address this issue, a biodegradable composite of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) was prepared and extensively characterized. HAp, as a filler, was synthesized via biomass-derived bone waste pyrolysis. The analyses confirmed successful HAp synthesis with high crystallinity and well-defined grain boundaries, which promote interfacial polarization and charge storage capability. The composite exhibited remarkable dielectric properties, with high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and good breakdown strength at low filler content. The PBAT/HAp-3 % composite showed significant energy storage density improvement (3.56 J/cm3), 43.55 % higher than pure PBAT (2.48 J/cm3), alongside enhanced mechanical properties and thermal stability. This study presents a cost-effective, eco-friendly route for next-generation high-performance disposable electronics.

Study on the adsorption process and kinetic, thermodynamic of bio-based waste cattle hair powder toward acidic complex dye.

In this paper, cattle hair waste (CHW) was collected and physically milled into different meshes of ultrafine cattle hair powder (UCHP). The reuse of CHW reaches the purpose of treating pollution with waste by using bio-base adsorbent. It was characterized by using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption studies were carried out under different conditions of temperature, time, pH, concentration of dye solution, mesh size, and dosage of cattle hair powder, respectively. The pseudo-first and pseudo-secondary kinetics and intra-particle diffusion models were employed to analyze the adsorption kinetic. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin adsorption isotherm was used to analyze the adsorption isotherm. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of UCHP for acidic metal complex (Trupoxane Brown R6) dyes increased with the decreasing pH solution. The adsorption capacity of 200 mesh UCHP was 379.5mg.g-1 when the adsorption conditions were as follows: 100mL dye solution with the initial concentration of 1000mg·L-1, the dosage of adsorbent was 0.1g, the pH was 3 for 12h at 40°C. The kinetic model fitting results showed that the adsorption of dyes by UCHP conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Adsorption thermodynamics study showed that the Langmuir model has the highest fitting result. The amino group contained on the surface of cattle hair powder and the amide bond contained in the molecular chain of peptide chain have better electrostatic adsorption binding force for acid metal complex dyes, and the binding between them is mainly electrostatic attraction. The experimental results show that the ultrafine powder has better adsorption property, which provides a high-value conversion way for recycling waste cattle hair.

A study on value addition of cow dung-based anaerobic sludge for biomethane and bio-oil production via co-liquefaction with rice straw and clam shells as a catalyst.

The waste management sector is moving towards sustainable approaches for facilitating resource-recovery possibilities. Agriculture residue (rice straw), cow dung (cattle waste), and clam shells from the ocean are the primary waste materials possessing a huge value addition opportunity. In this study, the effective usage of rice straw and anaerobic sludge from cow dung for bio-energy production was studied. Cow dung was initially anaerobically processed for the generation of biomethane and sludge in a digester for a retention time of 40 days. The anaerobic sludge with rice straw was hydrothermally processed in varying proportions of 1 : 0, 0 : 1, 1 : 1,1 : 2, 2 : 1, 3 : 1, 1 : 3 and temperatures of 240-360 °C for 1 hour with varying biomass loads of 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 g. Additionally, clam shells, one of the best bioresources, were used as a catalyst in the hydrothermal process at concentrations of 0.2-1 wt%. The maximum bio-oil produced was 36.23 wt% at a temperature of 320 °C, with a biomass load of 100 g, mixed proportion of 2 : 1 and catalyst loading of 0.6 wt%. The produced bio-oil comprised hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids, as confirmed through GC-MS. In the anaerobic study, ≈0.018 m3 cumulative gas was produced at a retention time of 40 days. The biochar had a higher carbon content and its feasibility for further usage shows promise towards sustainability.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Limbah Ternak Sapi

The training on the production of liquid organic fertilizer from cattle waste in Merembu Village, Labuapi Subdistrict, West Lombok Regency aimed to enhance the participants' knowledge and skills in managing livestock waste into economically valuable and environmentally friendly products. This training utilized Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) and Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) methods, engaging participants actively at every stage of the learning process. Results from pre- and post-training questionnaires showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge and understanding, with an average score improvement of 55%. Observations and document studies indicated that participants successfully applied correct fermentation techniques and improved waste management methods. Additionally, some participants achieved halal certification, positively impacting their product operations and marketing. Case studies and literature demonstrate that processing cattle waste into liquid organic fertilizer can enhance soil fertility and crop yields, while reducing environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The training not only provided economic benefits by opening new business opportunities but also raised environmental awareness among participants, fostering a more caring and proactive community in maintaining environmental cleanliness and health.

Utilizing Cow Manure Waste (Bos Taurus) as Organic Fertilizer in Labuan Lelea Village, Labuan District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi

This community service activity has been conducted in Labuan Lelea Village, Labuan District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, in collaboration with the local farming community. They face challenges regarding how to utilize cattle manure waste as environmentally friendly organic fertilizer. The objective of this community service is: 1) To provide knowledge to the farming community in Labuan Lelea Village on how to utilize cattle manure waste as organic fertilizer, as a substitute for inorganic fertilizers, which are known for their chemical content, scarcity, and fluctuating prices annually; 2) To promote organic fertilizers as an environmentally friendly alternative to inorganic fertilizers in agricultural lands; 3) To enhance the knowledge of farming communities regarding the effective utilization of cattle manure waste as organic fertilizer for both food crops and horticultural plants. The method employed in this activity is a participatory approach, wherein a team including Community and Student Service Learning Program (KKN) participants and local community members actively collaborate in fostering good cooperation between extension workers and farmers. The primary target audience of this training is farming communities engaged in plantation, food crops, and horticultural cultivation. The outcomes of this community service activity include increased awareness of how to utilize cattle manure waste (Bos Taurus). This process requires minimal investment as cattle waste, sawdust, and rice husks are all freely available materials, thus serving as a substitute for inorganic fertilizers which contain chemical substances and are environmentally unfriendly.

Cattle Waste Management Strategy for Environmental Health in Pucangarum Village, Baureno District, Bojonegoro Regency

Livestock farming is one of the economic supporting sectors in Pucangarum Village, Baureno District, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java. The number of cattle in this village has increased from year to year by 31.29%. To maintain the sustainability of this cattle business, new breakthroughs are needed to eliminate the negative impact on the environment caused by livestock waste. The aim of the research is to find a waste management strategy in Pucangarum Village that is able to maintain the carrying capacity and capacity of the environment. Quantitative methods were used in this research. The analysis used is SWOT and AHP analysis to find priority strategies for the above problems. The results of strategy analysis using SWOT and AHP analysis show that the most suitable strategy to use in Pucangarum Village is a combination of Strength and Opportunity (SO), namely by providing regular counseling and assistance to breeders, provide training on processing livestock waste (biogas, fertilizer, etc.), provide education regarding the potential for waste processing to generate money or save electricity (biogas) and the government provides assistance in creating communal biogas installations.

Harnessing cattle manure waste for organic fertilizer production in Kampung Sanggaria Arso 1, Keerom Regency

Kampung Sanggaria, situated in West Arso District, Keerom Regency, Papua Province, is a village that produces an abundance of cattle manure waste. Traditionally, this waste has been left untreated, posing a potential threat to environmental pollution. To address this issue, a Community Service (PKM) initiative was implemented to guide the community in utilizing cattle manure waste as organic fertilizer. The methodology employed involved socialization, training, and mentorship. The PKM initiative successfully produced packaged organic fertilizer ready for use and market distribution. As a result of this initiative, the community has gained a deeper understanding of processing cattle manure waste into organic fertilizer, which can be utilized for agricultural purposes in Kampung Sanggaria. Moreover, in the long run, this initiative is expected to contribute to the overall well-being and prosperity of the community.

High carriage of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes by ESBL-producing and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli recovered from animal waste dumps.

There has been a rise in the consumption of fluoroquinolones in human and veterinary medicine recently. This has contributed to the rising incidence of quinolone resistance in bacteria. This study aimed at the determination of the antibiotic resistance profile of ESBL-producing and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli (FQEC) isolated from animal waste obtained from the waste dumps of an agricultural farm and their carriage of genes encoding PMQR. Isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli from animal waste samples was done on CHROMagar ESBL, while presumptive isolates were purified, and identified via the detection of uidA gene. Susceptibility to a panel of ten antibiotics was done using the disc diffusion method, and detection of PMQR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-lb-cr, qepA and oqxAB) was done using monoplex and duplex PCR. Twenty-five ESBL-producing and FQEC were obtained from the cattle (6), piggery (7) and poultry (12) waste dumps of the farm. There was 100% resistance to cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and penicillin by the isolates. The resistance to the other antibiotics was streptomycin (48%), ceftazidime (24%), while no isolate resisted amoxicillin-clavulanate and imipenem. The frequencies of PMQR genes detected were; qnrA (96%), oqxAB (96%), qnrB (92%), while qnrS was detected in 88% (22) of the isolates. Aminoglycoside acetyltransferase (aac(6')-lb-cr) and quinolone efflux pump (qepA) were each detected in 20 (80%) of the isolates. This study showed that animal wastes disposed indiscriminately into dumps could be a budding 'hotspot' for multidrug resistant, ESBL-producing and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli carrying multiple genes encoding resistance to fluoroquinolone antibiotics.

PRODUÇÃO DE BIOGÁS A PARTIR DE SILAGEM DE SORGO DOCE E RESÍDUOS ANIMAIS

The objective of this work is to quantify the biogas produced in batch-type benchtop biodigesters, from the anaerobic fermentation of sweet sorghum, stored in silos for 12 months, associated with goat and cattle waste, respectively. The input and output waste (biofertilizer) from the biodigesters was analyzed for physical (solid) and physical-chemical parameters (pH and electrical conductivity). The yield (Lbiogas.kg-1SVad), biogas productivity (Lbiogas.L-1reator.d-1) and the added volumetric organic load - VOLad (kgSV.L-1reator.d-1) were calculated. The work was conducted at the Rural Construction Laboratory of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco located on the Agricultural Sciences Campus. The hydraulic retention time was 30 days in the randomized block experimental design. The constructed biodigesters performed well in quantifying the production of biogas from organic substrate, promoting ideal conditions for the anaerobic digestion process to occur without oxygen contamination. However, there was no significant difference in biogas production between treatments. Treatment T2 (cattle manure) showed the highest yield (240 Lbiogas.kg-1SVad) with an average added volumetric organic load of 8 kgSV.L-1reactor.d-1. Treatment T5 (sorghum 50% + beef 50%) presented a higher numerical value of biogas productivity (0.0703 Lbiogas.L-1reator.d-1) in relation to the other treatments, however this difference was not significant at 5% probability using the Tukey test.

Bioindustry Development of Environment Friendly Organic Granular Fertilizer at Farming Groups in West Kalimantan Indonesia

Management of organic fertilizers from cattle waste can increase economic growth in rural areas that are environmentally friendly and sustainable (a green economy). This study aims to obtain granular organic fertilizer products on the Farmer Group scale (home industry), which can increase added value and income of farmers to be environmentally friendly and sustainable. The management of this granular organic fertilizer utilizes site-specific (in-situ) technological innovations and the use of local resources that can restore sustainability. The analytical methods used are comparative analysis, namely comparing bulk fertilizer and granule fertilizer on efficiency and effectiveness, analysis of organic fertilizer from cattle waste using experimental design and institutional engineering. To achieve this goal, the research uses a rural agro-industry approach based on local agricultural resources and applies appropriate technological innovations. The results showed that the management of granular organic fertilizer from cattle waste can improve product quality and efficiency in the use of organic fertilizers. The management of this granular organic fertilizer is carried out using social engineering and strengthening of farmer group agribusiness institutions in rural areas that are environmentally friendly so that they can be sustainable. The utility of granular organic fertilizer is more efficient because it does not dissolve easily and is not carried away by water flows when done in irrigated agriculture or wetlands.

Gerakan literasi berbasis inklusi sosial di Taman Bacaan Masyarakat Sehati Kabupaten Bandung

The Sehati Community Reading Park (Taman Bacaan Masyarakat, TBM) in Bandung Regency is an initiative aimed at enhancing the reading interest of the community, especially in the Cimaung District of Bandung Regency. The literacy movement, organized by TBM Sehati, is designed for all ages, from children to adults. This research aims to understand the literacy movement at the Sehati TBM in Bandung Regency by analyzing the types of activities conducted and the benefits of the literacy movement. A qualitative approach through a case study research method was used in this study. The results indicate that the activities within the literacy movement at TBM Sehati are divided into two categories: routine and non-routine activities. Routine activities include reading and writing training, religious study groups, training for managers and volunteers, as well as drawing and painting workshops. Non-routine activities include baking training, waste management programs (fabric and cattle waste), and writing training (village journalism). The community literacy movement aims to improve the local economy, provide free access to knowledge, offer skills in arts and culture, and ensure an adequate learning environment. Volunteers gain knowledge, experience, a sense of joy, and gratitude. TBM managers also receive community support and trust, establish relationships and cooperation with various parties, benefit financially, and gain unexpected experiences and opportunities. The research concludes that the activities within the literacy movement at TBM Sehati have positively impacted the surrounding community, volunteers, and the TBM managers themselves.

PRODUKSI DAN KANDUNGAN NUTRIEN HIJAUAN RUMPUT Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott, DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR HASIL VERMICOMPOSTING LIMBAH SAPI POTONG

Fertilization is a very important effort for Dwarf Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott) to achieve forage production and high nutritional quality following its potential. This research aims to determine the yield of dry matter, crude protein content, and crude fiber of Dwarf Elephant Grass by application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) resulting from vermicomposting of beef cattle waste. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Forage Crop, and the Ruminant Animal Nutrition and Feed Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University from January to June 2018. The research method used was the experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design using 3 treatments, namely P1 (5,000 L per Ha), P2 (10,000 L per Ha), and P3 (15,000 L per Ha), and 6 replications. Data were processed by analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that giving LOF increased the production, increased the content of crude protein, and decreased the crude fiber content of Dwarf Elephant Grass forage. Giving LOF from vermicomposting beef cattle waste at a dose of 15,000 L per Ha resulted in the highest forage dry matter yield (1,925 kg per Ha), one-time cutting at dry season, and the best nutrient content seen from the crude protein content (13.95%) and crude fiber content (28.53%).

Implementasi Kebijakan Simantri dan Sipadu dalam Kajian Green Politics

The empowerment of the agricultural sector in accelerating technology transfer through the SIMANTRI program in Bali has been ongoing for over ten years and has been further developed into the SIPADU program, which has been fully handed over to the Gapoktan as the implementer. Field facts indicate that there are still challenges in optimizing the program, such as undernourished breeding cows, suboptimal processing of cattle waste into solid and liquid organic fertilizers, conflicts of interest among other agricultural institutions, and the failure of Gapoktan to maintain its existence. The research objective is to analyze the extent to which the implementation of Gapoktan 356 Sari Buana aligns with the SIMANTRI and SIPADU policies in the context of green politics, as well as the impact on the traditional subak organization. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach. The analysis process utilizes John Barry's Green Politics theory, focusing on aspects of distributive justice, democratization process, and ecological sustainability. The study is conducted in Antapan Village, Baturiti District, Bali. The research participants consist of 9 individuals selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. The research analysis reveals that, theoretically, the SIMANTRI and SIPADU program policies have implemented the concepts of Green Politics, aiming towards sustainable agricultural development in Bali. However, in the program implementation phase, the analysis of Gapoktan 356 Sari Buana, in terms of distributive justice, democratization process, and ecological sustainability, cannot be deemed successful as it has not fulfilled the elements of sustainable societies and a symbiotic moral relationship with the environment. The presence of Gapoktan 356 Sari Buana has demonstrated a positive impact on the subak institution.

Virulence profile of Candida spp. isolated from an anaerobic biodigester supplied with dairy cattle waste

Anaerobic biodigesters play a crucial role in enhancing animal waste management. However, the presence of pathogens in the biodigestion process poses a significant concern. Candida spp., a widespread fungus known for its opportunistic nature and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions, including reciprocal transmission between humans and animals, is one such pathogen of concern. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the virulence profile of Candida spp. originating from anaerobic biodigestion processes. Here we demonstrate that strains isolated from the biodigestion process of dairy cattle waste exhibit noteworthy virulence mechanisms, surpassing the virulence of clinical control strains. After we identified strains from affluent, effluent, and biofertilizer, we observed that all analyzed isolates produced biofilm. Additionally, a substantial proportion of these isolates demonstrated phospholipase production, while only a few strains exhibited protease production. Furthermore, all strains exhibited resistance or dose-dependent responses to amphotericin B and itraconazole, with the majority displaying resistance to fluconazole. In the in vivo test, we observed a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between the LT50 and biofilm formation as well as hyphae/pseudohyphae production. Additionally, some isolates demonstrated a quicker nematode-killing capacity compared to clinical controls. Our findings underscore the considerable pathogenic potential of certain Candida species present in the dynamics of anaerobic biodigestion. Importantly, the anaerobic biodigester system did not eliminate Candida strains from dairy cattle waste, highlighting the need for caution in utilizing biodigester products. We advocate for further studies to explore the virulence of other microorganisms in various animal production contexts. Furthermore, our results emphasize the urgency of enhancing waste treatment methods to effectively eliminate pathogens and curb their potential dissemination.

The potential of indigenous microbes from beef cattle waste to convert organic materials into macronutrients in liquid organic fertilizer

The potential of indigenous microbes from beef cattle waste to convert organic materials into macronutrients in liquid organic fertilizer

The influence of using Cattle Bone Ash (CBA) and Waste Glass Powder (WGP) on Mortar and concrete compressive strength

The influence of using Cattle Bone Ash (CBA) and Waste Glass Powder (WGP) on Mortar and concrete compressive strength

Corrosion protection of mild steel using calcined cattle bone waste powder coating in sulphuric acid solution

Corrosion protection of mild steel using calcined cattle bone waste powder coating in sulphuric acid solution

PKM Pengolahan Limbah Terintegrasi di Desa Belimbing Pupuan Tabanan

The processing of livestock farm waste in Belimbing village has not been optimal, which has a negative impact on the image of tourism villages. The problem is that the productivity of cattle waste management that has been carried out so far has not been optimal, the management system for handling integrated and integrated livestock-livestock waste has not been realized, the mutual benefits for livestock farmers-the environment-tourism community has not yet been realized. The Community Partnership Program (PKM) aims to improve the ability of a group of livestock farmers to process livestock-livestock waste into products that have economic added value. The solution is through training in the application of integrated integrated science and technology waste management. The implementation method is the PALS (Participatory Action Learning System) method, involving the active participation of partners. The methods applied include counseling and mentoring, education and training, science and technology transfer workshops, assistance in making integrated and integrated waste treatment plants, developing online marketing. As a result of the activity, a livestock waste treatment facility has been built with supporting equipment for the production of organic fertilizer, the benefits of processing livestock waste into organic fertilizer have begun to be felt so that the importance of integrated integrated livestock farm waste management has begun to increase.

Carbon Emission Reduction Potential and Economic Valuation of Biogas at Cengkir Gading Edufarm in Boyolali

Cengkir Gading Edufarm is a cattle breeding center for livestock education and manure management purposes that focuses on creating green renewable energy. The program is supported by CSR schemes carried out by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga DPPU Adi Sumarmo. The study objective is to assess the effectiveness of biogas digester construction in Cengkir Gading in reducing carbon emissions and evaluate the reduction cost in energy used. The result showed that the digester unit could help convert cattle dung waste by installing a 30 cubic sized WWTP into biogas, the amount of cow manure being accommodated as much as ± 20 kg/day (10 kg for 2 cattle). Reduction of GHG from livestock activities by 0.0162 CO2-eq Gg/year and LPG fuel by 45.377 CO2-eq Kg/year. The potential of electrical energy converted from biogas is 6.16 kWh/day, which produces a power of 0.65 kW. This digester produces 0.8 m3 biogas/day that can be converted into heat energy of 8658 kcal/day, so it potentially saved 0.19 kg/day of LPG consumption, reduced costs for purchasing LPG gas of 1,140 IDR/day or 34,200 IDR/month, it also saves the cost of paying for electricity 249,849 IDR/ month for a 900 VA.

Infographic as youth education media on the importance of recycling coffee organic waste in Boyolali Regency

In addition to producing the main product of coffee beans, coffee plants also produce a significant amount of waste in the form coffee rind. Coffee rind waste has not been widely used and commonly left out on the field. This can becomes environmental pollution that may cause pests and plant diseases. Banyuanyar village in Ampel District, Boyolali Regency, Central Java, is a village where the majority of its residents work as coffee plantation farmers and cattle breeders. In this village, the farmers process the waste from coffee production into cattle fodder and use cattle waste as fertilizer for the coffee plantation, thus creating an environmentally friendly and sustainable farming cycle. To disseminate the information about this practice and to provide communicative and educative messages to broader society, this study designed an infographic as a communication media. This media is expected to introduce Banyuanyar Village and its organic waste recycling system, as well as inspire the broader community to practice recycling and sustainable farming practice.