Cargo Transportation System Research Articles

Dynamics and energy provision of cargo transportation systems in food packing lines

The work is related to the search for the possibilities of using internal energy resources in transport and technological systems by the example of food packaging lines packed in glass containers. Trends in switching to high-performance lines have led to the need for their equipment with dual-purpose transport systems. Obviously, the first task is to ensure the movement of artificial products in the respective sections between units of technological machines, and the second component of their task - to fulfill the role of storage devices in combination with the need for restructuring mass flows. This combination of tasks has led to the exclusive use of closed circuit circuits with two friction planes in transport systems. Meanwhile, it is known that energy costs in mechanical systems are associated with the need to achieve the specified levels of kinetic energy of the moving masses in order to overcome the forces of harmful and useful resistance. The peculiarity of such transport systems is the constant presence of transients and dynamic components of loads. The study complements the known dynamic manifestations with new ratios of indicators for the possibility of energy recovery. In the transportation systems for glass production of foodstuffs, the driving factors in most cases are represented by friction forces. Simultaneously, the closure of kinematic pairs between the products and the supporting moving planes is due to gravity forces, which, in cases where their velocities do not coincide, leads to the formation of an additional friction plane with a corresponding increase in energy costs and dynamic components of the loads. The uneven velocity of the closed circuit circuits is accompanied by additional relative displacements at certain ratios of kinematic and geometric parameters. An appropriate set of parameters is achievable by eliminating these additional displacements of the product arrays relative to the reference planes and limiting energy costs. The use of rigid kinematic bonds in parallel systems allows for changes in velocities in counter-phases and provides energy recovery. With stabilized kinematic parameters, compared to single-stream systems, higher loads of drive motors with improved performance are achieved.

Exponential Regulation Control of a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle With a Suspended Payload

This brief focuses on the control design for the aerial cargo transportation system that consists of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a cable-suspended payload. The underactuated properties associated with the system dynamics bring great challenges for the control development. Partial feedback linearization methodology is employed to formulate a nonlinear controller that yields an exponential regulation result of the quadrotor UAV position, while the swing motion of the payload is suppressed exponentially fast. A Lyapunov-based stability analysis is included to prove the convergence of the position error and the local exponential stability of the closed-loop system. Real-time experiments are performed on a self-built UAV testbed to validate the performance of the proposed control strategy.

Research on Countermeasures and System Optimization of Cargo Distribution and Transportation Management in Ningbo-Zhoushan Port

세계 무역의 급속한 발전으로 항만 물류에 대한 수요는 날로 증가하고 있으며, 항만 내 편리하고 효율적인 화물 유통 및 운송 시스템은 항만 물류 서비스의 효율과 수익성을 높일 수 있다. 본 논문은 닝보-주산 항만의 화물 유통 및 운송 시스템의 현황 분석을 통해 기존 문제점을 지적하며, 화물 유통 및 운송 관리와 관련된 이슈를 분석하고, 그에 따른 대책을 제시한다. 또한, 조정 및 최적화의 관점으로부터, 본 논문은 회색 예측 방법을 활용하여 닝보-주산 항만의 화물 물동량에 대해 과학적인 예측을 수행하며 항만 내 화물 운송 시스템의 합리적 인 최적화 모델을 구축한다. 최적화 모델 구축을 통해 운송 노선의 최적 교통 분포를 얻을 수 있으며, 화물 유통 및 운송 시스템의 최적 개발 모드를 얻을 수 있다. 동시에 화물 유통 및 운송 체계를 최적화하고 과학 경영을 강화하며, 닝보-주산 항만의 신속하고 건전한 발전을 종합적으로 추진한다.The rapid development of global trade has raised an increasingly higher demand for port logistics, while convenient and efficient cargo distributing and transportation system in the ports can enhance the efficiency and profitability of port logistics services. Through analysis of the current situation of the cargo distributing and transportation system in Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, this paper pointed out its existing problems, analyzed relevant issues about cargo distribution and transportation management, and put forward corresponding countermeasures. Furthermore, from the prospective of coordination and optimization, this paper utilized the grey forecasting method to conduct scientific forecasting on Ningbo-Zhoushan Port’s cargo throughput in order to construct a reasonable optimization model of cargo distribution and transportation system in the ports. Through the construction of the optimization model, the optimal traffic distribution of the transportation route can be obtained, and the optimal development mode of the cargo distribution and transportation system is obtained. At the same time, the cargo distribution and transportation structure is optimized, the scientific management is strengthened, thus comprehensively promoting the fast and healthy development of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port.

Unmanned all-terrain cargo and passenger transportation system for operation conditions when automobile roads are unavailable

The task of creating a reliable Far North transportation system is important given the existing strategy for developing the arctic regions of Russia and high complexity of the operating conditions for motor vehicles in this region. In this paper we undertake the task of outlining the shape of an unmanned all-terrain vehicle (UATV) with ultra low-pressure tires used to create an unmanned intersettlement transportation system. We have set out the design requirements for such UATVs and have made a comparative evaluation of a UATV and an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) having a driver cabin. Finally, we present the concept of the UATV and the strategy of cargo transportation on winter roads during spring-autumn and summer periods.

Efficiency of using air transport during cargo transportation

In the article, the author’s vision on forming of multimodal cargo transportation systems is suggested. It is proposed to develop conceptual considerations on formation and practical recommendations regarding the choice of the optimal cargo delivery schemewhich includes air transport.

Exploring the Influence of Freight Policies on Cargo Transportation System with Multi-agent-based Modeling

With the rapid increase of energy consumption in the cargo transportation system, the problems of energy and environmental should be seriously considered. The freight transport structure should be developed in a more energy-saving and reasonable direction by adjusting freight to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption. Considering freight adjustment system itself characteristics, this paper introduced a multi-agent-based model that is constructed individually from government agent, transportation company agent, and cargo owner agent based on demand response. The experiment through the Netlogo proves that freight has played a positive role in regulating the energy consumption of the cargo transportation system and put forward energy saving advices and policies.

Disruption of peroxisome function leads to metabolic stress, mTOR inhibition, and lethality in liver cancer cells

Peroxisome houses a large number of enzymes involved in lipid and phytochemical oxidation as well as synthesis of bile acid and other specialized lipids. Peroxisome resident enzymes are imported into the organelle via a conserved cargo transport system composed of many peroxins, protein factors essential for the biogenesis of peroxisome. Among the peroxins, PEX5 plays a transporter role, and PEX2, 10, and 12 are thought to form a complex that functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to help recycle PEX5 in an ubiquitin modification-dependent process. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of peroxins in postnatal development especially the development of nerve systems. These studies also show that peroxins or the function of peroxisomes is dispensable for cellular viability. In contrast, however, we report here that PEX2 and other peroxins are essential for the viability of liver cancer cells, probably through altering metabolism and signaling pathways. Our results suggest that peroxins may be potential targets of therapeutics against liver cancer.

Problems and Prospects of Information Technology Application to Development of Transport Logistics for the Mosul Region

For searching alternative ways to develop the city of Mosul, it is reasonable to take on the basis the economic and geographical position of the region. Geographical location is a border area located in the triangle of the border between Iraq and Turkey and Syria. Mosul city has sufficient potential to occupy its place at transit of goods from Turkey to Iraq. Transit is one of the promising trends for the growth of the economy as a border city and for the country as a whole. The main reasons for the opening of this line is (1) the geographical location of the city; (2) the high cost of transporting goods to the city from other areas; (3) providing of infrastructure development; (4) problems with tracking of goods, loss of goods; (5) lack of trust from intermediaries, blackout of cargo transport system. To Increase quality of logistics allows the introduction of modern information technologies, adapted to the specific characteristics of a given region. To model the rotation of interregional trade the software project is proposed. Project is based on multivariate model of international trade using the gravity model of transport costs. The functional requirements and capabilities of the program are displayed. The introduction of this program into the work of the Mosul City institutions is aimed at developing foreign trade, improving transport infrastructure and assisting decision-making not only at the individual institution level but also at the regional development policy level in the region. This contributions to the sustainable development of the region and thus partnerships new partners and investors.

DEVELOPMENT OF CARGO TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM BY ROAD ON THE BASIS OF LOGISTICS PRINCIPLES

Рurpose. The article is aimed to develop and adapt the theoretical and methodological foundations for improving logistics system of cargo delivery by road transport in the framework of the scientific support of formation processes of transport-logistical system of the country. Methodology. The theory of system functioning control requires formalization of connections within the system. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of entity were performed and the regularities of elements interaction in the system of road goods transportation were found out. The role of the road in transport industry and the influence of transportation and logistics space on the road itself in the process of its functioning were clarified. In the study of this topic the system approach, methods of synthesis and rational problem solving, theory of mass service were used. Findings. The work presents the highway as an element of the cargo transportation system that will make it possible to increase its economic efficiency in a constantly changing environment of transportation and logistics space according to the chosen criterion, the lower total costs to promote material flow. Theoretical-methodological bases of perfection of logistics system of cargo delivery by road transport include substantiation for the use of logistics as an effective control element to reduce the costs associated with goods transportation. They are distinguished by the presence of evidence-based methods for calculating the timing and sequence of execution of road works, logistic integration involved in the carriage of goods of the enterprises, structure and volume of material and accompanying flows and the formation of the logistics chain of its promotion. Originality. The road is represented by the link of single integral process of creation and management of the material flows. We propose formation of sub-system of the elements of road and transportation components with their further unification by a single road transportation system. Inter-connected elements of the system are formalized in the form of dispersed two-phase system of mass service. Each element of the system is evaluated by its own characteristics. Practical value. The practical significance of research consists in possibility of their use by employees of motor transport enterprises, service enterprises, responsible for procurement of production and transportation of products, travel agencies to make science-based decisions in forming the program of road works and to provide alternative opportunities for the rational organization of cargo transportation.

Simulation for assessment of bulk cargo berths number

The world trade volumes of mineral resources have been growing constantly for decades, notwithstanding any economical crises. At the same time, the proximity of the bulk materials as products to the starting point of the integrated value added or logistic supply chain makes their unit price relatively low. This fact automatically causes a strong economic sensitivity of the supply chain to the level of operational expenses in every link. The core of the integrated logistic supply chain is its maritime segment, with the fleet and terminals (i.e. the cargo transportation system) serving as the base platform for it. In its turn, the terminal berths play a role of the interface between the fleet and the land-transportation sub-system. Current development of the maritime transportation technologies, ships and terminal specialization, vessel size growth, rationalization of route patterns, regionalization of trade etc., has made conventional calculation methods inadequate. The solution of the problem is in using object oriented simulation. At the same time, this approch usually assumes only ad hoc models. Thus, it does not provide the generality of its conventional analytical predecessors. The time and labor consumpting procedure of simulation results in a very narrow application domain of the model. This article describes a new simulation instrument, combining the generality of the analytical technoques with the efficiency of the object-oriented simulation. The approach implemented as a software module, which validity and adequacy are proved. The software was tested on several sea terminal design projects and confirmed its efficiency.

A Large and Heavy Cargo Transport System Designed for Small and Medium Ship Maintenance and Repair

In order to cope with the significant decrease in shipbuilding market demand and shipbuilding overcapacity, Chinese shipbuilding enterprises are actively restructuring production and seeking new business opportunities in the ship maintenance and repair sector. Many small and medium shipyards lack large shipbuilding facilities such as docks. Therefore, they are facing great difficulty in switching to ship maintenance and repair business. The authors designed a practical and economical cargo transport system that is suitable for transporting large and heavy cargos (specifically, ships) in small and medium shipyards. The system design considers the market requirement and the characteristics of heavy-lifts material handling in the ship and maritime engineering. In this system, with integrated control technology, a hydraulic pallet transporter can dive to be under a ship, clamp the ship bottom and push the ship up. Automatic variable pumps are used to control the diving, floating, lifting, depressing, and braking of the transporter flatbeds. By using this system, a ship can be moved from water to land safely and smoothly for repair or maintenance, or moved from land back to water. This method allows ships of under 10,000 gas turbine (GT) to be repaired and maintained without docks. The system has been implemented in a shipyard. The case study demonstrates that the transport system can help bring in new business opportunities in ship maintenance and repair for small and medium shipyards, effectively improve ship maintenance and repair environment, and reduce maintenance and repair cycle time. 1. Introduction The maritime and shipping industry has been important to many coastal countries. As a major maritime and shipping power in the world, China has numerous ships of many types. Each year a large number of ships need scheduled service, maintenance, and repair. The market for ship maintenance and repair has a tremendous potential with the increasing revenue in the past years. Statistics have shown that in 2015, the ship maintenance and repair service in China has generated the revenue of 12.9 billion RMB (nearly US$2 Billion), and 3740 ships were repaired and maintained. This is an increase of 9.6% on the year-on-year growth rate. Table 1 lists the major shipbuilding enterprises in China, their ship maintenance and repair completion value, and number of completed ships.

RELIABILITY AND RISK OPTIMIZATION OF MULTISTATE SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATION TO PORT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

The complexity of technical systems’ operation processes and its influence on the changing in time systems’ structures and their components’ reliability parameters posses a difficulty to first meet in real and then to fix and analyse those structures and reliability parameters. By constructing a joint model of reliability of complex technical systems at variable operation conditions, which links a semimarkov modelling of system operation processes with multi-state approach to system reliability analysis, we find the system’s main reliability characteristics. Consequently, we use linear programming to build a model of complex technical systems reliability optimization. We investigate the model’s application in marine transport, specifically in reliability and risk optimization of a bulk cargo transportation system. The tools we develop can be used in reliability evaluation and optimization of a very wide class of real technical systems operating at varying conditions that influence their reliability structures and the reliability parameters of their components. Consequently, the tools we developed can be implemented by reliability practitioners from both maritime transport industry and other industrial sectors.

A Large and Heavy Cargo Transport System Designed for Small and Medium Ship Maintenance and Repair

A Large and Heavy Cargo Transport System Designed for Small and Medium Ship Maintenance and Repair

Launching commercial space: NASA, cargo, and policy innovation

In 2013, NASA completed its Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program. Initiated in 2005, COTS developed a privately operated cargo transport system for the International Space Station (ISS). In doing so, it met an urgent NASA need to replace a vital space shuttle function and heralded the prospect of crew transportation. It also fostered more competition in the aerospace industry aimed at lowering costs for space access. Finally, it gave hope that low-earth orbit might someday become more the preserve of the industrial sector, so that NASA could concentrate its constrained government resources on deep-space exploration.This essay analyzes the case of COTS as a policy innovation – how it was born, led, and the forces that helped and hindered it during its eight-year journey from concept to closure. It indicates factors critical to its success.

The concept of creation a high-speed delivery cargo transport system using passenger flights on the basis of the Moscow aviaknot

In present article the concept of creation and introduction a high-quality and complex servicing system of cargo transportation and multimodal cargo flows on the basis integration participants in transport chain, safety methodology and stability life-cycle of transport-logistical processes is offered. The existing approach in sphere of transport-logistical servicing is added by the innovative approach based on use five levels model of provision complex safety in delivery chains at the operative control expense, and also participants integration of cargo delivery chain into a uniform information field for steady freight consumer’s traffic servicing.

To the problem of dynamic modeling and management in an integrated environment of the industrial cluster

In this paper an approach to the problem of dynamic modeling and management in an integrated intellectual scientific, manufacturing, infrastructure, educational and social environment of the industrial cluster based on the structure of processes and mathematical processing of statistical data is discussed. The paper highlights methodology of clusters model constructing, quantitative estimates of individual enterprise opportunities, technological capabilities of the enterprise as a whole, the transition from the enterprise to the cluster. An important infrastructure investment project application for cluster enterprise general combined automobile cargo transportation system is considered.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMING OF MULTIMODAL SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION LOADS

Essence of the multimodal cargo transportation system is exposed in the article. It is set that the multimodal cargo transportation system shows integrated associate transport system, the functional task of that is an acceleration, reduction of prices and simplification of technological procedures during the complete chain of delivery "from door to the door" on the terms of organizational and technical cooperation of all transportation process branches. The specific of the multimodal cargo transportation system functioning is considered. It is determined that the multimodal cargo transportation system is based on internal integration of different transport modes and other transportation process participants, that co-operate inter se, and also execute the part of work within the limits of contractual relations and at presence of only organ of management – to the operator transport-logistic services. It is proved that a basic task in the process of the multimodal transportation system forming is complex development of all its subsystems and elements. The basic stages are worked out to forming and development of the multimodal cargo transportation system. It is proven that the multimodal cargo transportation system assists the unitization of the trade-legal mode, allows complex approach of the financial and problems solutions, providing the permanent functioning of the system. Also it allows co-ordination, organizational and technological cooperation of all elements of cargo delivery chain, assists to complex development of infrastructure and different transport modes resources.

Air Cargo Demand Modeling and Prediction

The air cargo transportation system is a large and complex service system, in which demand forecasting is a key element in the master planning process. Demand forecasting is essential for analyzing existing cargo flight schedules and identifying future facility requirements of air cargo companies. We use the Potluck Problem approach to propose a multiproducer/multiconsumer solution for predicting the cargo demand of a specific airline in a given route, and the cargo load factor for a given flight schedule on that route. This solution considers each airline as a producer and the users of air cargo services as consumers, with a producer having no explicit communication with other producers/airlines. The model analyzes the existing cargo capacity plan, highlights drawbacks, and proposes a new capacity plan to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the solution. Examples are provided to illustrate the efficacy of the approach.

Establishment of Evaluation and Decision Making Model for Cargo Transportation System in Indonesia

It is difficult to make decision from various alternatives, when each of which has several factors with many aspects of relationship. Difficulty arises when complication due to ambiguity and close distinction among the identified aspects exists. Such circumstances occur in designing an engineering system, particularly at conceptual design stage. Thus, in order to be able to cope with the aspects that are combined with experience and knowledge of engineer and expert, the authors try to establish a method for making decision based on multi-criteria analysis. As an example, an evaluation model for inter-city cargo transportation in Indonesia is developed.

An optimization technique based on a vector autoregression model with state space representation: application to Ukrainian cargo transport data

This paper proposes to forecast indicators of the Ukrainian cargo transport system, taking into account their relations with macroeconomic indicators. Increased forecast accuracy at a priori information uncertainty is attained through an optimization technique, starting with a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model of observed multiple time series, its state space representation and subsequent adaptive filtering. The adaptive filter, earlier proposed by the authors, minimizes forecasting errors. Under an optimization criterion, the information divergence of Kullback–Leibler between probability distributions of real values and their estimations is established. The main advantage of the proposed technique is connected with the opportunity to estimate future values of multiple time series even in presence of structural breaks (describing the changes of the status ‘before crisis’ / ‘after crisis’). The observations are available from 2003:1–2011:12, the analysis is performed for the period 2003:1–2011:9. In-sample forecasting of multiple time series of cargo volumes transferred by different transport modes and two macro indicators is compared with the forecast based on a VAR model. In-sample forecast is realized for the last three months 2011:10–2011:12.