Career-related Stress Research Articles

The relation between mental health and career-related stress among prospective graduates in higher education stage during the COVID-19 pandemic: an evidence based on network analysis.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted people's routine, bringing uncertainty and stress, leading to mental health issues. This situation is particularly acute among Chinese prospective graduates in higher education stage as they cannot predict the outcomes of their studies, graduation, and career development, and therefore experience career-related stress. This study included 4041 prospective graduates in higher education stage (using handy sampling) recruited in March 2020 as participants (M Age = 22.56, SD = 1.865), utilizing a Sparse Gaussian Graphical Model for regularized partial correlation network analysis of depression symptoms (by PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms (by GAD-7), and career-related stress, which aims to explore the role of career-related stress in the symptom networks of depression and anxiety among prospective graduates in their final semester. The results revealed that fatigue, sad mood, and psychomotor symptoms in depression, as well as uncontrollable worry and trouble relaxing in anxiety, were central symptoms in the network. Additionally, sad mood and guilt belonging to depressive symptoms, and feeling afraid, restlessness, and irritability belonging to anxiety symptoms, served as bridge symptoms connecting symptom communities. Specifically, guilt as a depressive symptom showed a strong association with employment stress in career-related stress. There were no significant differences in network structure and global strength based on participants' gender. However, despite no significant differences in network structure, the global strength of prospective graduates from Wuhan was significantly lower than samples from non-Hubei provinces, possibly indicative of a Typhoon Eye Effect. The findings of this study can inspire psychological professionals in higher education institutions to provide support for mental interventions and therapies for prospective graduates, and addressing career development issues.

Work, Training and Life Stress in ITU World Olympic Distance Age-Group Championship Triathletes.

We assessed the training, work and Life Stress demands of a mixed gender group of 48 top amateur short-distance triathletes using an online retrospective epidemiological survey and the Life Events Survey for Collegiate Athletes. On superficial inspection, these mainly masters athletes appeared to undergo all the types of training that are recommended for the aging athlete. However, there were significant scheduling differences between their weekday vs. their weekend training, suggesting that age-groupers' outside sports commitments may affect their training efficacy. The triathletes claimed to periodize, to obtain feedback on and to modify their training plans when appropriate-and some evidence of this was obtained. Over the year preceding the ITU World Age-Group Championships, they averaged 53%, 33% and 14% of their combined swim, cycle and run training time, respectively, within intensity zones 1, 2 and 3. Although the triathletes specifically stated that their training was focused on preparation for the ITU World Age-Group Championships, the way that they modified their training in the month before the event suggested that this aim was not necessarily achieved. Sports-related stress accounted for most-42.0 ± 26.7%-of their total Life Stress over the preceding year (vs. 12.7 ± 18.6% for Relationship-, 31.3 ± 25.9% for Personal- and 14.0 ± 21.1% for Career-related Stress). It affected most athletes, and was overwhelmingly negative, when it related to failure to attain athletic goal(s), to injury and/or to illness.

Examination of Career-Related Stress in Senior Students of Health Sciences Departments

Introduction: University students encounter many stressors related to academic issues, financial concerns, social relations, and career planning during university years, however, among all these, students reported career-related issues at the top.
 Aim: The study aims to examine the career-related stress of undergraduate students in health sciences departments. 
 Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 332 senior students in a private university in Istanbul between February-March 2020. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Career Stress Inventory. 
 Results: 84.0% of them were from the Health Sciences Faculty 81.0% of the students willingly chose their department, and 57.8% wanted to work actively in the same field after graduation. While planning their professions, 51.2% were motivated by successful people/professors in their field, 48.5% selected and their career choices based on their wishes and interests. The students' Career Stress Inventory mean score was 46.5±17.7. 
 Conclusion: Students pursuing health sciences are stressed about their careers. Furthermore, it was discovered that there was such a significant difference according to socioeconomic status, choosing the profession themselves, and not having career counseling from the career center.

Implementation and impact of a fourth-year student pharmacist wellness series pilot on perceived stress and support

Background and purposeA wellness program was piloted for student pharmacists in their advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) year. The purpose is to describe the program implementation and its impact on APPE students' perceived stress and perception of support by school personnel. Educational activity and settingA three-session virtual wellness program was designed for APPE students. Attendance was optional for the pilot year. An online survey assessing demographics, perceived stress (measured by the validated Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), factors contributing to stress, and perceived support before the first session and after the third session was sent to all APPE students. FindingsTwenty (37%), 13 (24%), and 10 (18.5%) students attended the first, second, and third session, respectively. A total of 49 students completed the post-program survey. Of these, ten (20.4%) attended one session, ten (20.4%) attended two sessions, and two (4.1%) attended three sessions. Students reported moderate stress. Female students endorsed higher PSS scores and career-related stress. PSS scores were lower among students who attended at least one session vs. those who did not attend any sessions and were negatively correlated with total sessions attended. Attendees were likelier to feel supported by staff and preceptors and perceived that concerns were heard by administration and preceptors. SummaryAn APPE wellness program was successfully developed. Students who attended at least one session reported less stress and greater support from school personnel vs. those who did not attend any sessions. These findings are promising as wellness efforts are integrated into pharmacy training.

The Moderating Effect of Occupational Burn-Out on the Link of Career Competencies to Career Sustainability Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Method Study.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most employees face increasing career-related stress, particularly those who work in multinational corporations (MNCs), because the international travel constraints prevent them from going back to their families. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the critical impact of employees’ occupational burnout (OB) on career-related outcomes. In response, this research explores the moderating effect of OB on the relationships between career competencies (CCs) and career sustainability (CS). To achieve a more comprehensive understanding of relevant issues, we adopted a mixed-method research design that includes both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Findings indicate that all the three dimensions of CCs (i.e., reflective, communicative, and behavioral career competencies; RC, CC, and BC) were positively related to CS; moreover, OB negatively moderated the individual relationships of CC and BC with CS. The main contribution of this study is to enrich the existing career literature by addressing the critical moderating role of OB in the links of CC and BC individually with CS. Practical implications are also discussed in this study.

ÖĞRETMENLERİN PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYE VE ÖRGÜTSEL STRES KAYNAKLARININ BAZI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ

Çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye ve örgütsel stres kaynak düzeylerini saptamak ve bazı değişkenlere göre incelemektir. Araştırma betimsel tarama modelindedir. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu 364 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada “Psikolojik Sermeye Ölçeği” ve “Örgütsel Stres Kaynakları Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, frekans ve yüzde dağılımı, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma, t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) testinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda öğretmenlerin en fazla umut, öz-yeterlik, işe özgü stres ve kariyer gelişiminden kaynaklı stres; en az psikolojik dayanıklılık, iyimserlik, örgütsel yapı ve iklimden kaynaklı stres yaşadıkları bulunmuştur. Öğretmenlerin örgütsel stres kaynak düzeyleri incelendiğinde, kadın öğretmenler erkek öğretmenlere göre işteki ilişkilerden kaynaklanan stres ve örgütsel rolden kaynaklanan stres; kıdem yılı 20 yıl ve üzeri olan öğretmenlerin kariyer yaşamından kaynaklı stres, işe özgü stres kaynak düzeyleri kıdem yılı 0-5 yıl olan öğretmenlere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Branş öğretmenlerinin işe özgü stres ve örgütsel stres algılarının sınıf öğretmenlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Erkek öğretmenlerin öz-yeterlik düzeyleri kadın öğretmenlere göre daha olumludur. 20 yıl ve üzeri kıdemdeki öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye ve öz-yeterliğe ilişkin algıları 0-5 yıl mesleki kıdemdeki öğretmenlere göre; 0-5 yıl kıdemdeki öğretmenlerin umut ve iyimserlik algıları 20 yıl ve üzeri kıdemdeki öğretmenlere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Okul türü değişkenine göre imam hatip ortaokulunda görev yapan öğretmenlerin öz-yeterlik ve psikolojik dayanıklık algıları, ilkokul öğretmenlerine göre daha olumludur. Demokratik ortamda çalışan öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermaye, iyimserlik, umut ve öz-yeterlik algıları, ilgisiz ortamda çalışan öğretmenlere göre daha yüksektir. Öğretmenlerin yaşadığı stres kaynaklarının azaltılıp, psikolojik sermaye düzeylerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Career Goal Setting and Goal Pursuit in Young Adults: The Role of Financial Distress

Informed by goal-setting/self-regulatory theories, we tested the mediating role of career-related effort (i.e., goal striving) in the relationships between career-related indecision (i.e., goal ambiguity) and career-related stress (i.e., affect) and perceived employability (i.e., career-related attitude) and examined the effect of financial distress as a moderator in these direct and indirect relationships. Using a sample of 202 young adults ( Mage = 19.8 years, 81.7% female), we found career indecision was related negatively to effort and perceived employability and positively to stress, with effort mediating between indecision and both stress and perceived employability. However, financial distress influenced these relationships. The associations between career indecision and effort and perceived employability were more negative and the associations between career indecision and stress were more positive when financial distress was higher. The study contributes by identifying how financial distress affects the relationships between career indecision, effort, and other career variables.

Personality trait differences in law enforcement officers

Purpose Law enforcement is a stressful career, especially to US-based officers. Officers are typically psychologically screened and declared fit for duty prior to completing training. Current personality research has demonstrated the potential for traits to increase or decrease due to a variety of factors, including time and stress levels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how officers’ personality traits may differ based upon their levels of stress and lengths of service. This quantitative non-experimental research design recruited potential participants from several online-based, law enforcement officer-centric channels. Participants then completed a five-factor model (FFM) personality measure, the Law Enforcement Officer Stress Scale, and an accompanying demographic questionnaire. The participants’ FFM personality trait levels (dependent variable) were measured and compared to other participants’ trait levels based upon the independent variables of lengths of service and stress levels. The authors found the current sample had a higher mean stress level than any previously reported law enforcement officer sample. The personality trait agreeableness was significantly correlated with extraversion, and extraversion was significantly correlated with openness to new experiences. The authors found significant differences in several FFM traits for both career-related stress and length of service. The findings support previous research, contribute to the job demand-control model, and suggest the continued stress of the job may psychologically impact an officer. It is recommended law enforcement administrators be more aware of this potential and consider findings strategies to mitigate these trait differences. Design/methodology/approach This quantitative non-experimental research design recruited potential participants from several online-based, law enforcement officer-centric channels. Participants then completed a five-factor personality measure, the Law Enforcement Officer Stress Scale, and an accompanying demographic questionnaire. The participants’ FFM personality trait levels (dependent variable) were measured and compared to other participants’ trait levels based upon the independent variables of lengths of service and stress levels. Findings The authors found the current sample had a higher mean stress level than any previously report law enforcement officer sample. The personality trait agreeableness was significantly correlated with extraversion, r(159)=0.36, p<0.000; and, extraversion was significantly correlated with openness to new experiences, r(159)=0.28, p<0.000. The authors found significant differences in several FFM traits for both career-related stress and length of service. Research limitations/implications These findings support previous research, contribute to the job demand-control model, and suggest the continued stress of the job may psychologically impact an officer. Practical implications It is recommended law enforcement administrators be more aware of this potential and consider findings strategies to mitigate these trait differences. Originality/value This is the first study to examine how personality may differ in law enforcement officers (LEOs) with both high stress and long careers. Logical follow-ups to this study would be longitudinal studies on LEOs.

The effects of employee stock ownership plans on career development in a new era

PurposeChina’s workforce is currently experiencing increased career-related stress. Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) may be used to help employees overcome these challenges. Little is known about how ESOPs affect employee career development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between ESOPs and employee career sustainability and provide guidance for corporate management.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employed a multiple linear regression model using a sample of 614 companies that implemented ESOPs between July 2014 and September 2017.FindingsEmployees’ career development benefited when ESOP funds originated from employee compensation and self-raised funds, and when the plan’s stock came from a source other than the secondary market. Career development also improved when employees and senior executives held a higher proportion of a firm’s total shares. In addition, the benefits to employee career development were greater in manufacturing enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises, and in Southern China.Research limitations/implicationsThis study combined individual and organization research using person–organization fit theory and demonstrated that well-designed ESOPs are beneficial for career stability and sustainability. This work was based on data from Chinese companies; future studies could usefully investigate the effects of ESOPs in other countries and their particular impact in technology-intensive industries.Practical implicationsDecision makers in firms or government can use ESOPs to address employees’ career-related stress and challenges, especially during industry transformation.Originality/valueThe paper fills a gap in ESOPs research by showing the positive effects of ESOPs on career development.

Within-person relationship between career goal feedback and career-related stress: A weekly survey study.

Based on social-cognitive and general self-regulation theories, this study examined the underlying mechanisms of the within-person relationship between negative career goal feedback and career-related stress. Using a sample of young adults and a weekly survey study with four measurements (212 observations), we found that negative feedback on career progress and poor feedback on improvements needed for career progress related to more career stress, and that career-related self-efficacy mediated the link between feedback on improvements needed and stress. In addition, trait optimism buffered the link between negative feedback on progress and stress. These findings highlight important roles for career feedback and optimism in young people's career self-regulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

가상현실(VR) 활용 대학생 진로 스트레스 감소를 위한 예술치료 프로그램 개발

This study aims to develop arts therapy program to lower the career related stress of the university students using virtual reality (VR). Among total 12 sessions of arts therapy program, 4 sessions were developed using VR. Arts therapy program was designed using VR in application with exposure therapy in wearable devices and smart devices for arts therapeutic approach of counselling for career, getting job, and psychology in the university students based on the studies related to exposure approach. VR was incorporated in view of cognitive-behaviorism to apply mirror type and imaginal exposure therapy for self-reflection. It is anticipated that this study would be helpful to apply arts therapy program to lower career related stress of the university students in the future. Policies to support new discoveries of the potential of VR are much needed. This is because application of VR to arts therapy thus far has been practically non-existent, but it holds great potential as an alternative therapy method and a means to develop new markets when appropriate content is developed and applied. Therefore, studies on VR not only in the arts field but also in healthcare require government level support in terms of policies.

Understanding the Sources of Stress and Coping Ways of Girls Residing in Hostel

The present study aimed at understanding the sources of stress and coping ways of girls dwelling in hostel. Sources of stress may vary in different environmental setting. Hostel’s environment poses different kind of challenges for students. In India only a few girls are sent to hostel for study purpose as their marriage is given more priority than education. Therefore, 12 hostel girls studying in University of Allahabad were approached in order to collect data. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted with girls. The FGD was audio recorded with the permission of girls and the audio recording of discussion was transcribed line by line. The Hindi transcription of the discussion was translated into English. Thematic analysis was used for interpreting the data. Patterns regarding different sources of stress were identified. Family related stress, career related stress, marriage related stress, gender discrimination, societal pressure, unhygienic environment of the hostel and adjustment problem with the roommate were the major themes derived from the patterns found in discussion. The themes that were derived for coping ways were: avoidance, back bitching, Faith in God, technology involvement, reliving positive moments of life, diary writing, painting, studying, sharing and meditation.

Career goal revision in response to negative feedback: Testing a longitudinal cross-lagged model.

We tested a model based on goal-setting and self-regulation theories of the cross-lagged relationships among negative career-related feedback, negative affect (career-related stress), and career goal revision (downward goal revision and goal disengagement). Participants were 409 Chinese university/college students (Mage 19 years; 58% female), who completed a survey at 2 time points approximately 6 months apart. Consistent with our hypotheses, negative career-related feedback at T1 was related to more career goal disengagement and greater downward goal revision at T2. Career-related stress partially mediated the relationship between negative career-related feedback and downward goal revision. In addition, there were reverse relationships between negative career-related feedback and career-related stress, and between career-related stress and goal disengagement. These findings highlight important roles for negative career-related feedback and negative affect in young peoples' career goal pursuit. (PsycINFO Database Record

Personal orientation as an antecedent to career stress and employability confidence: The intervening roles of career goal-performance discrepancy and career goal importance

We assessed the underlying mechanisms associated with career related stress in young adults by testing a model in which personal orientation (proactivity and interpersonal rejection sensitivity) was related to well-being (career distress and employability confidence), this relationship was mediated by career goal-performance discrepancy, and career goal importance moderated the relationship between orientation and discrepancy, and moderated between orientation and well-being via discrepancy. Participants were 564 young adults enrolled in a wide variety of first year university courses (77% female; mean age=20.3years). We confirmed that proactivity (negative) and interpersonal rejection sensitivity (positive) were associated with discrepancy, and that discrepancy was associated with career distress (positive) and employability (negative). Discrepancy operated as a mediator in these relationships, and career goal importance moderated between both personal orientations and discrepancy, and moderated the mediated relationship between personal orientation and both outcomes. The study identifies important antecedent variables to career-related well-being and highlights underlying mechanisms that potentially lead to its development. In this way, the study extends theory related to career goal management and informs interventions aimed at career development.

Career Goal Importance as a Moderator in the Relationship Between Career Feedback and Career-Related Stress

Based on goal-setting theory, this study examined the relationship between negative career goal feedback and career-related stress, tested whether career goal–performance discrepancy operated as a mediator in this relationship, and assessed whether career goal importance strengthened the indirect effect of negative feedback on stress via discrepancy. Using a sample of 317 health profession university students (mean age = 19.5 years), we found that negative feedback was associated positively with stress and that discrepancy mediated this relationship. Consistent with goal-setting theory, we also found that discrepancy was higher at higher levels of negative feedback for those with higher goal importance, and the indirect effect of negative feedback on stress through discrepancy increased with increasing goal importance. These findings highlight important roles for career goal feedback and career goal importance in young peoples’ career goal pursuit.

대학생의 진로스트레스, 진로선택몰입 및 진로결정 자기효능감과의 관계

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of career-related stress, commitment to a careerchoice and career decision self-efficacy of college students. The participants were 293 college students in P city. Datawere collected by using self-report questionnaires from May 6 to 29, 2015. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson,s correlation coefficient and Hierarchical regression analysis by SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. The career-related stress was negatively correlated with commitment to a career choice (r=-.731, p<.001) and career decision self-efficacy(r=-.449, p<.001). The influencing factors of career-related stress were grade(β=.99, p<.017) and commitment to a career choice(β=-.707, p<.001). This study concludes that it is necessary to developeducation program to improve commitment to a career choice and career decision self-efficacy. Keywords : Career-related stress, Career decision self-efficacy, Commitment to a career choice

Perceived sources of stress among dental college students: An Indian perspective

Abstract Background: Identification of the potential sources of stress is important in dental education program, as it gives opportunity to take various measures to prevent stress in the dental school environment. The purpose of the present study was to address various sources of stress among dental school students and its relation with gender and year of the study. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted among 3rd and 4th year students of a dental school. Questionnaire used in the study comprised the modified version of the questionnaire used in Dental Environmental Stress. A four-point Likert scale was used to record the responses from the subjects. A total of 174 subjects participated in the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS package version 16. Results: Of the participants, 39% (68) were males and 61% (106) were females. Majority of students felt stressed about academic performance, clinic/patient related stress, and career related stress. Top stressors in academic performance related stress were exam and grade stress (95%), followed by fear of failing (90.5%), lack of time between tests/clinics, and criticism at work (94%). Mean stress scores were significantly related to year and gender of students. Conclusion: Worries about fulfilling clinical requirements, academics, exam stress, and insecurity regarding career were the major sources of stress reported by the clinical year dental students in the present study.

Factors Affecting Mental Health and Behavioral Problems in High School Students: Based on a Social Cognitive Career Theory.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify factors affecting mental health and behavioral problems among high school students through the lens of a Social Cognitive Career Theory.METHODS: A descriptive study was carried out with 384 high school students in Seoul, Korea. A self-administrative questionnaire was used. It consisted of items on person .background variables, career-related variables including career barriers, learning experiences, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and career indecision, and mental health and behavioral problems. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 21.0 program.RESULTS: The results showed that perceived stress (t=5.12, p&lt;.001), perceived health status (t=-4.08, p=.002), and school record (t=5.46, p&lt;.001) were statistically significant variables. Also, career barriers (t=10.57, p&lt;.001) was a significant factor influencing mental health and behavioral problems.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that among career-related variables, career barrier needs to be considered for preventive and therapeutic approach to mental health and behavioral problems in adolescents. Furthermore, the results suggest that career-related stress level should be assessed in high school students on a regular basis.

Introduction

Introduction

Coping as a Mediator between Career-related Stress and Career Decision-Making in College Students

Coping as a Mediator between Career-related Stress and Career Decision-Making in College Students