Care Shop Research Articles

The Influence of SNS Information Characteristics on Brand Awareness in Skin Care Shop: Focusing on Women in their 20s and 30s

This study aims to present meaningful implications for efficient operation of SNS marketing that can enhance the brand value of skin care shops and increase consumers' purchasing behavior by identifying the impact of SNS information characteristics on brand awareness for female consumers in their 20s and 30s. To this end, the survey was conducted on women in their 20s and 30s, and a total of 270 copies were used as final analysis data. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS v.26.0 program. Taken together, reliability among the characteristics of SNS information was found to be an important variable in brand awareness. In other words, from the perspective of female consumers in their 20s and 30s, when they perceive that the SNS information provided by the skin care shop is reliable, the brand awareness of the skin care shop becomes positive, and the higher the brand awareness, the higher the purchase behavior. Therefore, the skin care shop needs to raise brand awareness by strategic use of SNS targeting women in their 20s and 30s, and in particular, establishing differentiated marketing strategies focusing on reliability will have a positive impact on the growth of the skin beauty industry.

PetMoKo: An Online Pet Care Shop

This study develops and evaluates "PetMoKo," an innovative online pet care shop, responding to the rising demand for high-quality pet care products and services. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, we conduct market research and gather primary and secondary data to understand customer preferences and behavior. Based on our findings, we design a user-friendly PetMoKo platform with personalized features. Rigorous testing and customer feedback ensure its functionality and usability. The success of PetMoKo can positively impact the online pet care industry, offering convenience and meeting customer demands while contributing to market expansion. This research aims to enhance the industry through a comprehensive and customer-centric platform

DYNAMIC CAPABILITY, TECHNOLOGICAL ABILITY, INNOVATION AMBIDEXTERITY, AND AGILE LEADERSHIP: A HYPOTHESIZED RESILIENCY MODEL FOR PET CARE SERVICE MSME PROPRIETORS OF THE PHILIPPINES

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected businesses, particularly micro, small, and medium enterprises. In the Philippines, over 70% of MSMEs have experienced cash flow problems which resulted in layoffs, temporary shutdowns, or worst, permanent closure. This experience served as an eye-opener for entrepreneurs engaged even policymakers to make business pandemic-proof or resilient. One sector that is affected severely is pet care services. During the early months of the pandemic, pet care services temporarily closed in compliance with Philippine government regulations. While some managed to resume their operations gradually, around 70% failed to recover and decided to close their business pet care shops indefinitely. This study aims to propose a hypothesized model that shows the different factors that affect business resiliency using a systematic literature review. The results of this exploratory study will be used as a basis for a quantitative study that will measure the relationship between the variables identified in the literature review.

The Effect of Educational Satisfaction on Self-Efficacy and Job Satisfaction by Recognition According to National Competency Standard (NCS) Level Perceived by Skin Cosmetologists

This study provides basic data to analyze national competency standard (NCS) education factors of sk in cosmetologists operating sk in care shops to find out how they affect education satisfaction and business performance. A total of 320 survey data were collected for the composition of the questionnaire, and the measurement tools were modified and supplemented to suit the setting of this study and reconstructed. General characteristics (9 questions), state of operation according to NCS (11 questions), recognition according to the NCS level perceived by skin cosmetologists (14 questions), education satisfaction of NCS learning module (program) (17 questions), and business performance (9 questions), consisting of a total of 60 questions in 6 areas. Frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, cross-tabulation and multiple regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program. The results of the study showed that the three factors of ‘knowledge technology’, ‘attitude and confidence’, and ‘business management’ had a significant effect. The application of NCS had a significant positive correlation between educational satisfaction and business performance (p<0.001), and it was confirmed that skin cosmetologists preferred a special skin care program that was easily acquired and differentiated from the skin care shop. In addition, it was found that NCS education wanted realistic development that could help business management. As a result, it is difficult to differentiate the program module from basic education to special management education at present, and it is confirmed that additional development that can have characteristics for each skin care shop is necessary in order to compete competitively with the gradually increasing skin care shop. If NCS education develops further in line with the needs of skin cosmetologists who manage these skin care shop, it is judged that NCS education will help develop the skin beauty industry in terms of skin care.

High Performing Facial Skin Problem Diagnosis with Enhanced Mask R-CNN and Super Resolution GAN

Facial skin condition is perceived as a vital indicator of the person’s apparent age, perceived beauty, and degree of health. Machine-learning-based software analytics on facial skin conditions can be a time- and cost-efficient alternative to the conventional approach of visiting facial skin care shops or dermatologist’s offices. However, the conventional CNN-based approach is shown to be limited in the diagnosis performance due to the intrinsic characteristics of facial skin problems. In this paper, the technical challenges in facial skin problem diagnosis are first addressed, and a set of 5 effective tactics are proposed to overcome the technical challenges. A total of 31 segmentation models are trained and applied to the experiments of validating the proposed tactics. Through the experiments, the proposed approach provides 83.38% of the diagnosis performance, which is 32.58% higher than the performance of conventional CNN approach.

Analysis of Research Trends in Skin Care using Keyword Network Analysis

This study tried to examine the research trends related to skin care by using keyword network analysis on data extracted from the KCI journal D/B provided by the National Research Foundation of Korea. Text refinement was performed by extracting key words from a total of 504 papers published from 2011 to August 2022. The tools used for analysis are Textom and UCINET6. As a result, first, the keyword frequency was ‘cosmetics’ the most, followed by‘appearance management behavior’, ‘skin care shop’, ‘satisfaction’, ‘female’, ‘medical’, ‘service’, and ‘acne’. Second, as a result of examining the frequency of skin care related keywords according to the study period, the 1st period (2011-2016) and the 2nd period (2017-2022) both included ‘cosmetics’ as the keyword the most. In the second period, keywords such as ‘skin care shop’, ‘medical’, ‘aging’, and ‘acne’ appeared in high rankings. Third, keywords such as ‘cosmetics’, ‘satisfaction’, ‘skin care room’, ‘appearance management behavior’ and ‘service’ are keywords with high connection centrality, proximity centrality, and dominance centrality. It was confirmed that it was actively progressing.

RETRACTED: Phishing attack detection using Machine Learning

Phishing is a type of digital assault, which adversely affects people where the client is coordinated to counterfeit sites and hoodwinked to screen their touchy and private data which integrates watchwords of records, monetary data, ATM pin-card data, etc. Recently safeguarding touchy records, it's fragile to cover yourself from malware or web phishing. AI is an investigation of information examination and logical investigation of calculations has demonstrated outcomes. Contradicting phishing sprinters with remarkable perception and felonious outcomes comparable as care shops, and custom against phishing approaches. This paper examines the association of Machine Literacy routes in identifying phishing assaults and records their advantages and drawbacks. There are countless Machine Learning calculations that have been dug to proclaim the relevant decision that act as against phishing apparatuses. We made a phishing section framework that extracts capacities that are expected to descry phishing. We likewise utilize numeric outline, as well as an overall investigation of customary Machine Learning methodologies comparable as Decision Tree, Random Forest, Multi-layer Perceptron’s, XG Boost Classifier, SVM, Light BGM Classifier, Cat Boost Classifier, and covering grounded highlights choice, which contains the metadata of URLs and assists with deciding if a site is licit or not.

Effect of Sanitation Knowledge and Attitude of Beauty Industry Workers on their Hygiene Management in the Workplace -Focusing on the mediated effect of organizational loyalty-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the affecting factors for hygiene knowledge, hygiene attitude and of beauty industry employed on hygiene management base of beauty-related business mediating organizational loyalty. The accomplish this objective, a literature review and a questionnaire survey were performed. Random sampling was conducted in February to April 2021 on beauty industries in Seoul. Out of each 100 questionnaires, hair shops, skin care shops and nail shops, and 300 were analyzed using PASW Statistics by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0. The frequency to figure out general characteristics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The result was the lower level of the hygiene knowledge, higher level of the human hygiene attitude, affected higher hygiene management mediating organizational loyalty. Higher level of the organizational loyalty affected higher hygiene management. It is demanded hygiene program to upgrade the level of physical hygiene attitude for increasing hygiene management. It is important to make effort to enhance organizational loyalty.

Customer Purchase Intention for Organic Personal Care Product

This research is aim to find out what are the factors that influence generation Y's purchase intention for organic personal care product. Nowadays, people are more concern for their health. There are eight variables have been investigated in this research that might influence the generation Y's purchase intention on organic personal care product. The eight variables included attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and 5 demographic factors which include of gender, age, income level, education level and races. The research is completed with the questionnaire which conducted for data collection purpose. This study had been conducted around the state of Melaka, Malaysia and some of the organic personal care shops which locate in Malaysia. A total of 155 questionnaires issued to the respondents but there is only 152 with the completed data. The target respondents for this research are generation Y who stay in Malaysia. The data collected is keyed into Statistical Package of the Social Science (SPSS) for analysis. Among the test incorporated in this study are reliability test, normality test, descriptive test t-test, ANOVA and Multiple Linear Regression. The study revealed that attitude and subjective norms have significant relationship with customer purchase intention for organic personal care product. Besides, the study also found that there is a significant difference of consumer purchase intention of organic personal care product for age and income level. Keywords: Purchase Intention, Organic Product, Organic Personal Care Product, Green Environment

Customer Purchase Intention for Organic Personal Care Product

This research is aim to find out what are the factors that influence generation Y's purchase intention for organic personal care product. Nowadays, people are more concern for their health. There are eight variables have been investigated in this research that might influence the generation Y's purchase intention on organic personal care product. The eight variables included attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and 5 demographic factors which include of gender, age, income level, education level and races. The research is completed with the questionnaire which conducted for data collection purpose. This study had been conducted around the state of Melaka, Malaysia and some of the organic personal care shops which locate in Malaysia. A total of 155 questionnaires issued to the respondents but there is only 152 with the completed data. The target respondents for this research are generation Y who stay in Malaysia. The data collected is keyed into Statistical Package of the Social Science (SPSS) for analysis. Among the test incorporated in this study are reliability test, normality test, descriptive test t-test, ANOVA and Multiple Linear Regression. The study revealed that attitude and subjective norms have significant relationship with customer purchase intention for organic personal care product. Besides, the study also found that there is a significant difference of consumer purchase intention of organic personal care product for age and income level. Keywords: Purchase Intention, Organic Product, Organic Personal Care Product, Green Environme

The Effect of Workers' Emotional Lobor in Each Beauty Industry on their Quality of Work and Life

The purpose of this study is examine the impact of emotional labor of employees on work and life according to the beauty service industry and position that provides services to customers, and to establish the academic basis for improving the work environment of beauty service workers. The sample of this study was comprised of 630 questionnaires for beauty service workers currently working in the capital area, which were distributed both online and offline, and a total of 609 questionnaires were used for the final analysis data. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 21.0 program and in order to examine the impact of emotional labor per work sector on the quality of work and life, regression analysis was used. First, it was found that for emotional labor of beauty service workers according to the work field, ‘pursuit of happiness for work and life’ and ‘incongruity of work and life’ for impact on the quality of work and life. It was found that when the ‘external emotional labor’ increased for hair beauty workers, skin beauty workers, makeup workers, and nail beauty workers, it had a positive (+) relationship when the ‘pursuit for happiness in work and life’ increased. Second, for emotional labor of beauty service workers per position, ‘pursuit of happiness for work and life’ and ‘incongruity of work and life’ were found to be important variables among quality of work and life. Third, when taking a look at the relationship of emotional labor and quality of work and life according to the type of affiliation, it was found that in the case of ‘internal emotional labor’ among emotional labor, it was highest in franchise shops among the four groups. In conclusion, the present domestic beauty industry is expanding into an industry that actively responds to the various needs of customers while providing qualitative services. In particular, as the beauty industry is becoming more diverse, segmented and professional, there is a very wide range of demographical features of customers visiting beauty shops, skin care shops, and makeup and nail shops. Therefore, since the needs for services to be received are all different, the quality of services that workers must provide directly to customers must also be enhanced. Keywords: Beauty profession; Beauty service; Emotional labor; Quality of life

The Effects of Service Quality in Skin Care Shop on Customer Satisfaction and Revisit Intention Among Female Adults

The Effects of Service Quality in Skin Care Shop on Customer Satisfaction and Revisit Intention Among Female Adults

Analisis Perilaku Konsumen dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Pembelian Sayur Organik di Kota Medan

<p><em>Research to explain the characteristics of organic vegetable consumers, analyze the decision-making process for purchasing organic vegetables, analyze consumer behavior towards organic vegetables and analyze the relationship between consumer characteristics and consumer behavior towards organic vegetables in July-December 2018. The research area was determined by purposive sampling, namely in the Market Modern Lotte Mart, Transmart Care Shop and Forward Together Pulo Brayan. The number of samples taken is 90 samples. The method of collecting data in this study is primary and secondary. Data analysis used descriptive analysis, Fishbein multi-attribute and Spearman Rank correlation. The attributes studied include; price, taste, nutrient content, color, aroma, freshness, packaging, neatness, durability, shape and size, brand, product quality, and expired information. The results of the study showed that the majority of organic consumers of women aged 31-40 years, work as private employees who have an income level of Rp. 2,000,000-Rp. 3,000,000 per month and have two family members covered. The decision making process for purchasing organic vegetables, consumers have a safe motivation for health by consuming organic vegetables and the realization of a healthy lifestyle into the expected benefits. Organic vegetables have the advantage of freshness attributes, nutrient content, and expired information from other attributes after consuming them. Consumer characteristics do not have a real relationship with consumer behavior towards organic vegetables.</em></p>

은 도구를 활용한 두개근막관리가 안면사이즈 축소에 미치는 영향 : 중년여성을 대상으로

This study was to investigate two things: the effect of facial lifting, and the effect of management of the craniofacial on the reduction of facial size by using silver tools in 20 middle-aged women in Gwangju City. The participants of the study were divided into two groups, 10 people had craniofacial management using silver tool, and 8 people had meridian massage. They took the experiments twice in a week for 30 minutes. The experiments took 5 weeks for 10 times of managements. The subjects measured their face before the experiment, using the 4D face scanner and contour lines, and after 1 time, 5 times and 10 times experiments, analyzed the facial changes again. After the experiments, participants conducted a survey for satisfaction. Experimental measurement ranges were distance, surface distance, volume, and total volume. This study compared the results of before and after experiment. The results of meridian massage group showed that there was statistical difference between before the massage to after first massage, fifth massage, and tenth massage(p <.05). However, there was no significant change when the massage was received less than 5 times, but more than 5 times, there was increased of the reduction width. In contrast, the craniofacial massage using a silver tool showed statistically significant difference in all experiments (p <.05), and the largest decrease was occurred before and after first time massage. It showed that having an effect even one time management. The total volume decreased 50.46 from 484.68 before the experiment (p <.05) to 434.22 after 10 treatments, and the value decreased steadily as the number of treatments increased. This study indicated that the craniofacial management using silver tool has the effect of reducing the facial size. It would be popularized not only for skin care shops but also for people who want manage anti-aging easily and quickly.

A Differences in Consumer Intention on Nail Care Products by Nail Care Shop Type

A Differences in Consumer Intention on Nail Care Products by Nail Care Shop Type

피부미용샵 유형별 서비스품질 연구 : 대기시간·예약시스템의 인내영역을 중심으로

피부미용업의 성장과 운영 형태의 다양화는 업체간의 과열 경쟁의 요인으로 작용하고 있다. 이러한 양상은 고객을 유치하기 위한 서비스품질 개선과 개발에 대한 관심으로 이어져 오고 있으며, 이에 따라 실제적이고 심도 있는 학술연구의 필요성이 제기되고 있다.BR 따라서 본 연구는 피부미용서비스품질 중 대기시간과 예약시스템을 샵 유형별로 분류하여 고객이 지각하고, 또한 기대 수준 정도를 파악하여 서비스품질 향상을 위한 구체적 대안을 제시하고자 시도되었다.BR 본 연구는 광주광역시에 소재한 개인 피부미용샵, 프랜차이즈 샵, 병원 내 피부미용샵의 이용객 500명을 대상으로 직접방문을 통한 설문조사를 실시하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS v. 21.0 통계 프로그램을 활용하여 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다.BR 그 결과 첫째, 피부미용샵 유형별 개인 피부미용샵이나 프랜차이즈 피부미용샵, 병원 내 피부미용샵 모두 대기시간, 예약시스템 등 2개 차원이 고객만족 영역에 적합한 서비스를 제공하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.BR 둘째, 피부미용샵 유형별 개인 피부미용샵이나 프랜차이즈 피부미용샵, 병원 내 피부미용샵 모두 대기시간의 5가지(착석 전 대기, 예상 대기시간, 직원들의 노력, 잡지․차 제공, 빠른 시술시간) 차원이 고객만족 영역에 적합한 서비스를 제공하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.BR 셋째, 피부미용샵 유형별 개인 피부미용샵이나 프랜차이즈 피부미용샵, 병원 내 피부미용샵 모두 예약시스템의 4가지(전화예약 편의성, 전화예약 변경 신속성, 정해진 예약시간 이용, 예약시스템 만족, 편의시설 및 용품) 차원이 고객만족 영역에 적합한 서비스를 제공하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

A Study on Men’s Satisfaction with use of Skin Care Shop through Emotional Approach

A Study on Men’s Satisfaction with use of Skin Care Shop through Emotional Approach

피부 관리실 원장의 재무스트레스가 재무만족도에 미치는 영향

본 연구는 피부 관리실 원장의 재무스트레스가 재무만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 분석하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 피부 관리실 경영 및 재무관리 기초지표 확립과 재무관리 방안에 대한 발전적 방향 설정에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있는 실질적인 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 자료 수집은 서울지역의 피부 관리실을 운영하는 원장을 대상으로 2017년 4월 10일 - 4월 14일까지 5일간 250부 설문지를 배포하여 211부를 최종 분석에 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계 분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 회귀분석, 상관관계분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자금관리의 특성을 살펴보니 피부 관리실의 월평균 매출액은 500만원 이상 - 1500만원 미만, 월평균 총 운영비는 500만원 미만, 월평균 인건비는 150만원 미만, 제품에 대한 월평균 지출금액은 50만원 - 200만원 미만, 피부 관리실의 자금관리에 대한 응답으로 금전출납부를 수기로 작성한다가 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 재무스트레스의 하위요인 자금관리스트레스는 피부 관리실의 소득이 매달 규칙적이지 않아 불안하다의 문항에서 평균이 가장 높게 나타났고, 재무만족도는 피부 관리실의 일상적인 소비생활수준에 만족한다의 문항에서 평균이 가장 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 재무스트레스와 재무만족도의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과 재무만족도는 재무스트레스의 자금관리스트레스, 소득스트레스의 순으로 부(-)의 상관이 나타났고, 재무스트레스의 자산관리스트레스는 소득스트레스와 유의미한 정(+)의 상관이 나타났다. 넷째, 재무스트레스가 재무만족도에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 재무스트레스의 하위요인인 자금관리스트레스가 재무만족도에 유의미한 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 재무스트레스를 낮추기 위해서는 재무관리에 대한 관심과 체계적인 교육이 필요하며, 나아가 피부 관리실 경영자는 관련 산업에 대한 이해와 현재 경영자 개인 및 운영하고 있는 피부 관리실 경영여건 등의 분석을 통해 이에 걸맞는 효과적인 운영 및 개선을 위한 노력이 요구된다.

Zone of Tolerance for Service Quality according to Type of Skin Care Shops

ëª©ì : 본 연구에서는 피부관리실 ìœ í˜•ë³„(일반 피부관리실, 병원 내 피부관리실, 뷰티 ì¢ í•©ê´€ë¦¬ì‹¤) 서비스 품질에 대한 인내영역(Zone of tolerance)을 ì•Œì•„ë³´ê³ ìž 한다. 방법: 자료분석은 SPSS Ver. 12.0 통계 패키지 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석 및 Cronbach’s α 계수를 산출하였으며, 피부관리실 ìœ í˜•ë³„ 인내영역을 평가하기 위한 ê¸°ìˆ í†µê³„ë¶„ì„ì„ 실시하였다. ê²°ê³¼: 연구결과 피부관리실 ìœ í˜•ë³„ 서비스품질은 대기 시간, 실내 편의성, 직원, 분위기, ì˜ˆì•½ì‹œìŠ¤í œì— 대해 인내영역 내의 서비스를 ì œê³µí•˜ëŠ” 것으로 나타났으며, 실외 편의성, 가격, 부가서비스는 인내영역에 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 서비스 품질을 ì„¸ë¶€ì ìœ¼ë¡œ 분석해보면 실외편의성은 일반 피부관리실에서 안내 표지판/간판, ë™ì„ ì˜ ê°œì„ ì´ 필요한 것으로 나타났으며, 가격은 피부관리실 ìœ í˜•ë³„ ì „ì²´ì—ì„œ 다양한 ê°€ê²©í• ì¸ì´ 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 부가서비스는 피부관리실 ìœ í˜•ë³„ ì „ì²´ì—ì„œ ë‹¤ìˆ˜í• ì¸ì¹´ë“œì œë„ì™€ 다양한 이벤트를 통한 ë¶€ê°€ì ì¸ ê°€ê²©í• ì¸ì´ 필요한 것으로 나타났다. ê²°ë¡ : 위 결과를 ì¢ í•©í•´ë³´ë©´ 피부관리실 ìœ í˜•ë³„ 서비스품질은 ì˜ˆì•½ì œë¥¼ 통한 대기시간 감소, 실내 ì¸í Œë¦¬ì–´ ê°œì„ ì„ 통한 편안함 증가, 교육을 통한 직원의 ì§ˆì  향상으로 꾸준히 ê°œì„ ë˜ì–´ì¡ŒìŒì„ 알 수 있었다. 그러나 ê³ ê°ë“¤ì€ 피부관리실 이용 시 가격부담감이 크다는 ì ì„ ê³ ë ¤í•˜ì—¬, 이벤트성 í• ì¸, 회원관리를 통한 í• ì¸, 카드 í• ì¸ 등의 다양한 형태의 가격 인하에 대한 ë ¸ë ¥ì´ 필요하며, 가격 인하가 ì–´ë ¤ìš¸ 경우 가격에 상응하는 서비스 ì œê³µì´ í•„ìš”í• ê²ƒìœ¼ë¡œ 사료된다. 핵심용어: 인내영역, 인내, 서비스, 피부숍, 피부관리

피부미용사의 직무환경 및 직업존중감이 직무만족도에 미치는 영향

This study attempted to look into the effects of the job environment and job esteem on job satisfaction in the field of skin beauticians. To achieve this, a survey of their characteristics, job environment, job esteem and job satisfaction was carried out on 470 women in their 20s~50s working at skin care shops in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. First, it was found that the effects of the working environment on their vocational satisfaction, sense of belonging, level of contribution, wages and welfare, which are sub-factors of job satisfaction, are relatively high. This result shows that it is important to ensure proper resting facilities and resting areas. Second, it was shown that the higher the social evaluation, self-(implicit) assessment, future value, and self-fulfillment orientation, the higher the sub-factors of job satisfaction. This means that it is important to treat skin beauticians as professionals in order to improve their social recognition. The sub-factors of job environment-working conditions, organizational environment and job stability, and sub-factors of job environment-social evaluation, self(intrinsic) evaluation, future value and self-achievement orientation, had a major effect on the sub-factors of job satisfaction, respectively. Together with the general improvement in the sub-factors of job environment, the future value, as well as social evaluation, self(intrinsic) evaluation and self-achievement orientation, which together constituted the current value of job esteem, were the major factors affecting job satisfaction. Consequently, this study hopes to contribute to the development of the skin beauty industry by providing basic data on personnel management for skin care managers to improve skin beauticians` job satisfaction.