Carbon Emission Reduction Strategies Research Articles

A Qualitative Review on the Strategies to Reduce the Buildings’ Carbon Emissions

As stated in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) document, which establishes emission reduction objectives for 2030, the Government of Indonesia has ratified the Paris Agreement, a worldwide agreement to decrease emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and to address the consequences of climate change. This was accomplished through Law No. 16 of 2016. To achieve zero emissions, Indonesia focuses on reducing the use of fossil fuels, adopting environmentally friendly technologies, and increasing the utilization of renewable energy. Global environmental challenges, driven by climate change, have far-reaching implications, including severe health and economic consequences. This study aims to explores the strategies globally performed to reduce the carbon emissions of buildings. To obtain that objective, this study uses a qualitative literature review. The study shows that strategies that can help reduce the buildings carbon emissions include population dynamics, solar photovoltaic, solar water heaters, material use, energy consumption, building stock, and economic considerations. The finding presents a unique opportunity for prioritizing green building practices and carbon emission reduction strategies in Indonesia.

竞争性供应链下的碳减排策略研究

竞争性供应链下的碳减排策略研究

Dynamic interactions of carbon trading, green certificate trading, and electricity markets: Insights from system dynamics modeling.

In the context of the evolving landscape of reduction in carbon emissions and integration of renewable energy, this study uses system dynamics (SD) modeling to explore the interconnected dynamics of carbon trading (CT), tradable green certificate (TGC) trading, and electricity markets. Using differential equations with time delays, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of structural relationships and feedback mechanisms within and between these markets. Key findings reveal the intricate interplay between carbon prices, green certificate prices, and electricity prices under various coupling mechanisms. For example, under the three-market coupling mechanism, carbon trading prices stabilize around 150 Yuan/ton, while green certificate prices reach a peak of 0.45 Yuan/KWH, impacting electricity prices, which fluctuate between 0.33 and 1.09 Yuan / KWH during the simulation period. These quantitative results shed light on nuanced fluctuations in market prices and the dynamics of anticipated purchases and sales volumes within each market. The insights gleaned from this study offer valuable implications for policy makers and market stakeholders in navigating the complexities of carbon emission reduction strategies, the integration of renewable energy and market equilibrium. By understanding the dynamics of multi-market coupling, stakeholders can better formulate policies and strategies to achieve sustainable energy transitions and mitigate impacts of climate change.

A Tripartite Evolutionary Game Model for Carbon Reduction Decisions in Shipping Industry

Considering the carbon trading mechanism and the preference of cargo side for low carbon shipping, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of three parties, namely, government, shipping enterprises and cargo side, and analyzes the evolutionary process of the choice of carbon emission reduction strategies of the three parties. Numerical analysis and sensitivity analysis are conducted based on the practical experience of Shanghai carbon trading pilot. The results show that, (1) Under the current conditions, the three-party strategy will eventually evolve into {the government actively supervises, shipping enterprises negatively reduce emission, and the cargo side actively responds}. (2) The stronger government intervention, the increase of carbon price can guide shipping enterprises to actively reduce emissions. (3) The idea of decarbonization driven by the demand side should be paid attention to, which can help bring together all parties to reduce emissions.

Carbon Emission Reduction Strategy of the O2O Agricultural Supply Chain Based on Blockchain

Carbon Emission Reduction Strategy of the O2O Agricultural Supply Chain Based on Blockchain

Digital Data Management Practices for Effective Embodied Carbon Estimation: A Systematic Evaluation of Barriers for Adoption in the Building Sector

The pervasive impact of industrialisation on our daily existence has precipitated carbon emissions that demand critical attention. Although international conventions and scholarly research have scrutinised carbon emission sources and reduction strategies, the integration of digital tools and databases for estimating embodied carbon emissions remains in an incipient phase. Consequently, this review study aims to seek to optimise opportunities for digital transformation and sustainable practices while addressing the digital carbon footprint in the building sector. Employing the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically analysed 59 publications amassed from Scopus and Web of Science databases. The study’s search parameters encompassed the analytical dimensions of “embodied carbon”, “emission data”, and “barriers to digital transformation”. Through this rigorous process, 32 salient challenges and barriers were synthesised, encapsulated within four overarching parameters: traceability, accuracy, auditability, and efficiency. At its core, this study’s primary objective resides in the evaluation of existing barriers and challenges within the realm of carbon emission estimation. By doing so, it aspires to proffer a cogent knowledge model capable of catalysing the development of digital methodologies and models that can, with a high degree of accuracy, assess the burgeoning digital carbon footprint within the expansive domain of the building sector.

The Role of Accountants in Climate Change in the Cement Industry in Indonesia: Net Zero Emissions Movement 2060

The target of this study discusses the Role of Accountants on Climate Change related to Net Zero Emissions 2060 in the Cement Sub-Sector Industry in Indonesia. This study uses narrative analysis that describes the causes of climate change, the impact on company finances and accountants' efforts in dealing with field conditions. This study found that if the accounting profession can function dominantly covering various climate change issues, its function is to force all accountants to contribute to helping the government meet the target of the Net Zero Emissions 2060 movement by internalizing climate change issues in financial statements, assisting company management in making sustainable strategy planning, measuring environmental impacts and developing carbon emission reduction strategies. The conclusion of this study is companies registered in the cement sector industry in general have supported the Indonesian government's program in the Net Zero Emission 2060 movement. This is evidenced by the activities and activities they carry out in sustainability reports and corporate social responsibility activity reports

Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Karbon Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi: Iğdır Üniversitesi Örneği

University campuses are centers of living where all kinds of sociocultural activities take place and where students spend most of their time throughout their education life. As a result of these activities, it is inevitable that atmospheric greenhouse gas levels in campuses will increase. One of the most common approaches for determining greenhouse gas emissions is the "carbon footprint". Carbon footprint is an indirect representation of the carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of an organization or individual. This article deals with the calculation stages of the carbon footprint resulting from the activities of Iğdır University Şehit Bülent Yurtseven campus and suggestions for reducing it. The calculations include various activities of the campus, and they contain generally accepted emission scopes. DEFRA guidance was used in the carbon footprint calculation of the campus and the base year for the calculation was 2022. The carbon footprint of Iğdır University in 2022 was calculated as 3679.66 tCO2e/year and 1.27x10-3 tCO2e/m2 on annual and area basis, respectively. These emissions are caused by factors such as natural gas consumption, electricity consumption, transport, water consumption and waste amount. The largest emission source is natural gas consumption (37%), followed by emissions from minibus transportation (31%). In conclusion, universities have an important role to play in identifying innovative approaches to measuring, controlling, and reducing carbon footprints by bringing together people with different skills and experience, advanced research facilities and resources. This article is thought to contribute to the literature in determining the process of preparing a university's greenhouse gas inventory, the possibilities of the university to achieve carbon neutrality and emission reduction strategies through the example of Iğdır University.

Collaborative allocation model and balanced interaction strategy of multi flexible resources in the new power system based on Stackelberg game theory

For realizing environment protection and carbon emission reduction strategy, the dominant position of renewable energy in the future power system has been clarified. Planning economic and efficient flexible resource system is the basis to balance multi fluctuations caused by large amount of renewable energy integration and ensure the safe operation of the whole power system. Considering that the flexibility adjustment demands of different links of the power system are not independent, but influence and restrict each other, this paper focuses on how to collaboratively allocate multi-flexible resources and achieve corresponding balancing interaction strategy. Firstly, a flexible resource system is composed through a fuzzy TODIM improved PROMETHEE-II model. Secondly, a multi-flexible resource collaborative allocation optimization model is proposed, which considers the Stackelberg game relationship of flexibility adjustment demand and ability in different links of the power system under varied fluctuation scenarios. The scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified by a practical case, and key incentive factors and specific development suggestions for improving flexible resources application efficiency are identified simultaneously. Since the collaborative planning of flexible resource system have not been deeply discussed by scholars yet, thus, this research contributes to the literature and expand the knowledge.

Role of Accountant to Net Zero Emission Carbon in Power Plant Company PT. Cikarang Listrindo Tbk

The application of accounting towards zero carbon emissions in power generation companies is a strategic initiative in facing the challenges of global climate change. Power generation companies are increasingly realizing the importance of reducing their environmental impact by adopting sustainable practices. One of the key steps in achieving this goal is to implement accounting that focuses on measuring, reporting, and managing carbon emissions. The study examines power companies' efforts in implementing zero carbon emissions accounting as part of their sustainability strategy. The approach involved identifying, measuring, and reporting carbon emissions from companies' operations, energy resources, and supply chains. This data is then used to develop carbon emission reduction strategies and identify energy efficiency opportunities. The results of the study show that the implementation of zero carbon emission accounting has helped power generation companies to identify potential carbon emission reductions, improve their operational efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and support business continuity. In addition, public disclosures about carbon emissions have strengthened the company's image in the eyes of stakeholders, such as customers, investors, and regulators.

Nonlinear impact of digital economy on carbon intensity: the moderating role of low-carbon regulation.

The development of the digital economy is an effective way to mitigate the carbon emission problem in the broader setting of the significant data era and green development. Based on the panel data of 271 cities in China from 2011 to 2019, this paper constructs a bidirectional fixed model to analyze the nonlinear effect of the digital economy (DE) on carbon intensity (CI) and the moderating role of low-carbon regulation from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The results show that (1) DE has an enormous inverted U-shaped impact on CI. The findings remain after introducing instrumental variables to mitigate endogeneity and robustness tests. (2) Low-carbon regulation (CP) can strengthen the inverted U-shaped impact between the two and shift the inflection point to the left. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the inverted U-shaped effect of DE on CI is more significant in the central and western regions, high human capital (HC) regions, and high urbanization regions. (4) The mediating effect of energy mix (EM) and green technology innovation (GTI) still hold after introducing instrumental variables to alleviate the endogenous effect of the intermediary effect. This study suggests that the adoption of carbon emission reduction strategies, which will more effectively lower carbon intensity CI, should go hand in hand with the development of DE.

Temporal and spatial evolution of agricultural carbon emissions and their impact on functional zoning: evidence from Hubei Province

IntroductionTo investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of agricultural carbon emissions and carbon absorption, analyse the spatiotemporal variations in the carbon balance, delineate carbon-offsetting regions, and formulate low-carbon development strategies tailored to various major functional zones, this study aims to promote coordinated regional ecological and environmental governance.MethodsThis study takes a perspective based on major functional zones, focuses on 17 cities in Hubei Province, studies the spatiotemporal variations in agricultural carbon budgets and carbon offsets in each city from the perspective of functional zoning and proposes a spatial optimization scheme for reducing carbon emissions.Results and discussionThe results show that both agricultural carbon emissions and carbon absorption in Hubei Province gradually increased, although the agricultural carbon budgets varied significantly among cities. Arable lands were the main agricultural carbon sinks in Hubei Province. Overall, carbon emissions exhibited declining core–periphery zonation, with Xiangyang, Jingzhou, and Huanggang serving as the centre (high emissions) and the cities of Shennongjia, Enshi, and Yichang serving as the periphery (low emissions). Carbon absorption displayed a U-shaped distribution, with high values in the east, south, and west and low values in the centre and north. The cities of Yichang, Jingmen, and Huanggang were the peak carbon sink areas. In recent years, the coordination between the agricultural carbon emissions and carbon budgets in Hubei Province has gradually improved, and agricultural carbon absorption and emissions have become increasingly balanced. Seven carbon-positive, five carbon-neutral, and five carbon-negative areas were identified in the province. Based on these findings, differentiated carbon emission reduction strategies were proposed to promote coordinated and low-carbon agriculture.

Climate Justice Implications of Banning Air-Freighted Fresh Produce

Background: Airfreight transport refers to the shipment of goods by air from one location to another and is often perceived as a contributor to global carbon emissions. The environmental impacts associated with airfreight are of notable and genuine concern. Such concerns have often led to calls for measures to ban or limit air freight as a mode of transportation for goods. Whilst the majority of these calls are perceived to be well placed, it is nevertheless essential to acknowledge the climate justice implications associated with such measures, particularly in the context of perishable products like fresh produce. Methods: The aim of this study is to thoroughly examine the socioeconomic implications of banning air-freighted fresh produce and to recommend practices that can minimize the environmental impacts. Utilizing Blue Skies Holdings Ltd., Pitsford, UK as a case study, this paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the potential climate justice ramifications associated with the prohibition of air-freighted fresh produce. Results: The analysis highlights the intricate interplay between the environmental and socioeconomic dimensions of the issue. By investigating the carbon emissions attributed to aviation and air logistics in particular and meticulously scrutinizing the possible consequences of an airfreight ban in relation to vulnerable communities within developing economies that are heavily reliant on fresh produce exports, the study contributes insights to guide policy discourse and the decision-making processes within commercial entities with respect to their carbon emissions reduction strategies. Conclusions: Accordingly, this study provides a number of recommendations for various actors, particularly commercial stakeholders, who deal with air-freighted fresh produce.

Spatio-temporal dynamic evolution of carbon emissions from land use change in Guangdong Province, China, 2000–2020

Global warming caused by massive carbon emissions poses a serious threat to the environment and human beings. Dynamic monitoring of the spatio-temporal evolution of carbon emissions is an essential way to achieve carbon reduction goals, especially in coastal areas like Guangdong Province faced with dual challenges of massive carbon emissions and rigorous reduction targets. To reveal the spatio-temporal characteristics of carbon emissions and provide a basis for further fine-grained carbon emission reduction strategies, we analyzed spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of carbon emissions in Guangdong Province at the county-level scale from 2000 to 2020. Based on the land-use data obtained from the Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and energy consumption data from the Statistical Yearbook, the carbon emission of each county is estimated, and the spatio-temporal evolutionary features of them are explored by a series of methods of the exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis (ESTDA). The shift of spatial distribution characteristics and gravity center is further revealed with the standard deviational ellipse and gravity center migration analysis.The results reveal that the net carbon emissions increased from 6179.229 × 104 tons to 20765.723 × 104 tons during 2000–2020. The net carbon emissions of county-level administrative regions show a significant positive spatial correlation, and the spatial convergence shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The spatio-temporal pattern of carbon emissions has an obvious path dependence and locked spatial features, and shows a gradually strengthening trend. The spatial distribution of carbon emissions formed a stable “northeast-southwest” pattern, and the gravity center of carbon emissions in the past 20 years has been distributed between 113.208°–113.357°E and 22.760°–22.878°N, tending slightly shifting to the northeast. The results of the study can help understand the spatio-temporal evolution of carbon emissions in Guangdong, and provide a reference for formulating effective carbon reduction policies.

What hinders the implementation of carbon emission reduction in the construction industry: evidence from integrated multi-criteria decision-making in China

PurposeThis research paper aims to establish a comprehensive framework for the barriers to CER in the construction industry, assesses the barriers' relative degrees of hindrance and causal mechanisms.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, 26 carbon emission reduction (CER) barriers in the construction industry were identified based on a systematic literature review (SLR) and categorized into five dimensions: policy, economy, society, technology and organization (PEST + O model). Secondly, the Best–Worst Method (BWM) was used to clarify the degrees of hindrance of the CER barriers. Then, the Grey-Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (Grey-DEMATEL) was used to visualize the directional cause–result relationship network among prominent barriers. Finally, the Boston matrix model was used to propose differentiated strategies to address CER barriers in the construction industry.FindingsThe calculated centrality and causality of the prominent barriers indicated that the lack of relevant legal policies and normative guidelines, the poor binding force and enforcement of existing relevant policies, the lack of effective economic subsidies and incentives and the difficulty in the operation, transformation and upgrading of existing construction CER are the key barriers that CER needs to address first in the construction industry. Considering the order of priority and the optimal path, differentiated countermeasures are proposed to address key, driving, independent and effect barriers.Originality/valueThis study develops a BWM–Grey-DEMATEL integrated multi-criteria decision-making model. An innovative C-shaped strategic map for addressing CER barriers in the construction industry is proposed by integrating the dual dimensions of time and space. This will guide practitioners, policymakers and decision-makers in developing CER strategies.

Industrial carbon emission efficiency prediction and carbon emission reduction strategies based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization-backpropagation: A perspective from regional clustering

Against the backdrop of global climate change, industrial carbon emission reduction has become an important pathway to for global low-carbon development. This study constructs a framework of geographic spatial constraints regionalization and multi-objective machine learning to predict future industrial carbon emission efficiency (ICEE) and explore strategies for carbon emission reduction. Firstly, the ICEE of 285 Chinese cities were calculated by the super-efficiency slacks-based measure. Secondly, the cities were classified into four ICEE level regions through the spatially constrained multivariate clustering. Next, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization-BP (MOPSO-BP) model was constructed to predict the future trends of ICEE in the four regions. Finally, the geographical detector and multi-scale geographically weighted regression were employed for exploring driving force and carbon emission reduction strategies in different regions. The results show that most cities had low or medium ICEE, while super efficiency cities were mainly distributed in the east coastal areas. The prediction performance of the MOPSO-BP model for the four regions was better than the ordinary particle swarm optimization-BP and traditional BP model. Except for the Agricultural Production Region, there is considerable room for improving the ICEE of other regions over the next decade. Macroeconomic and microeconomic development have a global effect in promoting regional ICEE improvement, urban construction shows a promoting or inhibiting effect in different regions, and information technology has significant spatial heterogeneity in its influence within each region. The analysis framework developed in the study is a reliable solution for managing and planning ICEE and provides constructive suggestions for future regional low-carbon development.

Fuel consumption and carbon emission reduction strategies in a fuel vehicle supply chain under auto double credit policy and carbon social responsibility

Fuel consumption and carbon emission reduction strategies in a fuel vehicle supply chain under auto double credit policy and carbon social responsibility

Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration under carbon neutrality: a game-theoretic perspective

This paper studies the optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration problem for a fuel vehicle (FV) transport service provider, a commercial electric vehicle (CEV) transport service provider, and a carbon emission treatment agency under carbon neutrality. The FV transport service provider pays a fixed fee or a portion of its sales revenue to a carbon emission treatment agency in exchange for technology to reduce its carbon emissions, and it can adopt three strategies (i.e., no emission reduction, purchasing technology for emission reduction, and entrusting a carbon emission treatment agency). We derive each party’s optimal fleet size, price, and profit in the three scenarios. Our results suggest that carbon emission reduction strategies may improve the market performance of the FV transport service provider. Then, we find no certain strategy is always preferable to another: the optimal cooperation strategy between the transport service provider and carbon emission treatment agency depends on the fixed technology fee, ratio of revenue sharing, government penalty, the transport service market potential, and consumer green preference, as well as the cost per CEV. This paper gives the transport service provider and carbon emission treatment agency a full picture of whether, when, and how to collaborate in green commerce.

How does public concern about climate change affect carbon emissions? Evidence from large-scale online content and provincial-level data in China

Micro-level concerns about climate change can not only affect individual low-carbon behaviors but also exert intense pressure on carbon emission reduction strategies and policy design. However, whether public concern about climate change can affect per capita carbon emission is still unclear. Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China and 188,943 climate change-related blogs from 2012 to 2019, this research investigates the impact of public concern on per capita carbon emissions. Results show that, in general, public concern about climate change has a significant negative impact on per capita carbon emissions in China, indicating that climate crisis awareness has a supervisory effect on greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, the effects of different public concerns on per capita carbon emissions are different, with the topics of “low-carbon appeal” and “concern for future” have significant positive impacts on per capita carbon emissions, while the topics of “carbon governance performance” and “climate change mitigation strategies” have significant negative impacts on per capita carbon emissions. The findings yield new opportunities to delve into the relationship between the externality of people's will and governmental behaviors and provide in-depth insights for decision-makers to develop tailor-made solutions towards carbon reduction and sustainable development.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Rural Residential Carbon Emissions Under the Background of Dual Carbon Target

This paper studies the carbon emission of rural residential buildings under the background of ' double carbon target '. Based on the characteristics of rural residential buildings and the current situation of carbon emission, the literature research method is used to identify the residential characteristics, enclosure structure, family situation, lifestyle, energy consumption equipment, renewable energy utilization and agricultural production function. The carbon emission influencing factors of 21 rural residential buildings in the use stage of rural residential buildings are helpful to evaluate the carbon emission of buildings more accurately, provide the basis for formulating carbon emission reduction strategies, and promote the sustainable development of rural residential buildings. It is of great significance.