Type Of Business Research Articles

Informal Economy and Poverty Reduction

The study investigated the role of informal economy and poverty reduction in selected business activities in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State. 140 structured questionnaires were distributed across various business types in the local government out of which 120 were retrieved. The informal sector or grey economy is a business activity that falls outside the formally recognized enterprise engagement not accounted for in the National Gross Domestic Product. As result of the nature of the businesses, it becomes difficult for authorities to hold them for taxation. The study employed the primary data source for information which was a subject of combined descriptive and Ordinary Least Square analytical econometric technique. It employed the SPSS Package for the Management Sciences and Business. The analysis revealed a positive correlation between multidimensional poverty index and family size and monthly consumption among other variables employed in the survey. The findings established the necessity for infrastructural development in the rural areas, educational improvement and adequate finding or accessibility to capital among others. It, therefore, recommended the deliberate policy of government to improve the provision of basic amenities in rural areas, enhance the education facilities to cater for the needs of those in the rural areas and promote access to credit facilities.

Sustainable Social Business: Contribution of Social Innovation and Civil Society

This work aims to identify the contribution of Social Innovation (SI) and Civil Society (CS) in the construction and development of Sustainable Social Businesses (SSB). In the first stage, a bibliometric analysis was conducted, tracking research from the last five years related to Social Innovation and the participation of Civil Society in Social Businesses. The CAPES Journals database was used, and based on the applied criteria, 53 articles from various sources were found. Subsequently, a Descriptive Bibliometric Review was carried out to gather preliminary data to identify the studies. This review considered the country of research application, the presence of SI, the participation of CS, and the type of Social Business. After identifying the cases studied in Brazil, totaling 4 articles, an Analytical Bibliometric Review of these studies was conducted to deepen the analysis and achieve the objective of this study. In this Analytical Review, the type and operation of SI, the level of CS involvement, and the identification of actors and the relevance of this link for business development were considered. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of SI for the continuation of development and profound changes in society. They also show that, like Business and Technological Innovation, SI is growing exponentially and is not limited to philanthropic activities but occupies spaces in significant economic activities. Regarding the achievement of the proposed objective, the results also show that the studied Social Businesses are intrinsically linked to SI and depend on the participation of CS, either as direct actors or as the target audience. This implies that these businesses rely on both these elements to exist and thrive. For future studies, it is relevant to measure the socio-environmental impacts generated by these Social Businesses in their surroundings and in society as a whole.

Crowdsourcing capabilities: fueling new products? How firm size and business type matter

Crowdsourcing has emerged as a valuable tool for organizations seeking to access external knowledge and resources for their innovation processes. This study aims to investigate crowdsourcing capabilities in the context of new product development initiatives, with a focus on exploring the moderating effects of firm size and type. Structural Equation Modeling using Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) is used to analyze both the measurement and structural models, with data drawn from 217 owners and managers of diverse businesses in Indonesia. These businesses range from small to medium-scale enterprises across various types, including cafes, restaurants, fashion, culinary, and furniture. The findings reveal a positive and significant impact of crowdsourcing capabilities on new product development initiatives (β = 0.746, p = 0.000). Moreover, the relationship between crowdsourcing and new product development is moderated by firm size (whether small or medium) (β = 0.103, p = 0.045) and the type of business (β = 0.157, p = 0.012). The outcomes of this study are anticipated to enrich the body of knowledge and provide valuable guidance for enterprises seeking to harness crowdsourcing in their new product development processes, with specific factors like firm size and type taken into account. AcknowledgmentThis study was supported by the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, and Technology Research in 2022: Research Grant Scheme “PDUPT”No. 124/LL1/LT/K/2022.

Analysis of Halal Tourism Development on Economic Development in Indonesia

Halal tourism is part of the tourism industry that provides tourism services regarding Islamic rules. The rapid development of tourism has led to a new trend of developing halal tourism. However, its development is still experiencing several obstacles and challenges in various regions of Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the development of halal tourism and its impact on economic development in Indonesia. Halal tourism prioritizes fulfilling the basic needs of Muslims in tourist destinations, such as worship, purification, and traveling according to Sharia provisions. Potential trips made by Muslim tourists show a positive increase. The government through the Ministry of Tourism must immediately complete regulations related to the development of halal tourism, as well as produce standardization regarding the concept of halal tourism that will be implemented in Indonesia. Halal tourism development has a significant impact on Indonesia’s economic development. This can be seen from the emergence of various types of businesses in tourist attraction locations, infrastructure improvements to and from tourist attraction locations, the opening of new jobs, and the increase of local revenue in various regions. Keywords: development of halal tourism, halal tourism, economic development

REENGINEERING AS A STAGE OF THE MICRO-LOGISTICS SYSTEM LIFE CYCLE

Introduction. The modern business environment poses new challenges to enterprises, which requires, in particular, the application of a logistics approach and consideration of enterprise management processes as a micro-logistics system. This allows not only to take into account the peculiarities of the development of a company throughout its life cycle, but also provides an opportunity to effectively manage the duration of individual stages of their life cycle. Lifecycle analysis is a widely used tool for substantiating strategic choices aimed at the regular emergence of new products and the development of promising types of business. An important and relevant task is to study different views on the main stages of the life cycle of an enterprise as a micro-logistics system. Special attention should be paid to the study of the processes of managing the decline stage in the life cycle, which remains insufficiently studied, namely the use of the reengineering mechanism at this stage. Purpose. The purpose is to determine the peculiarities of the development of the decline phase in the life cycle of an enterprise as a period of time during which it is advisable to use reengineering to simplify and modernise the business processes of an enterprise as a micrologistics system. Results. The results of the study are to substantiate the potential to consider the enterprise as a micro-logistics system and to determine its inherent nature of both the logistics and design systems. The processes of managing the stage of decline in the life cycle have been studied, and it does not necessarily have to end with the ‘death’ or liquidation of the enterprise. It is substantiated that reengineering can be considered an option for its ‘revival’ or ‘transformation’, as well as the possibility of phased introduction of not only new business processes, but also the production of many different products. Conclusions. Based on the analysis, the study proves that reengineering should be considered not only as a tool that can significantly extend the life cycle of an enterprise’s products, optimise and improve processes at each stage of its life cycle, and adapt them to new realities and opportunities, but also as a life cycle stage that replaces the stage of enterprise decline. Such an approach, combined with a project-based approach to managing an enterprise as a micro-logistics system, will significantly increase the efficiency of its operations and have a positive impact on competitiveness in a turbulent market.

Igbo Culture and Business Practices in South East Nigeria: A Critical Review

This study examined the relationship between Igbo culture and business practices in the South-Eastern region of Nigeria. Over the years, scholars have introduced so many leadership, management and business theories to guide businesses. This study aims to examine critical Igbo cultural practices that serve same purposes as some of these business management theories in guiding business successes in the South East of Nigeria. This study also looked at how the Igbo culture and Igbo leadership influence Igbo entrepreneurial practices. It was found that so many Igbo Cultural practices such as Igbo apprenticeship system and business mentorship guide and motivate Igbo entrepreneurs to succeed in business. As a result of these values, individuals train under their master to gain general business management skills (known as Igba-Boi). In some cases, some of trainees end up pursuing other types of businesses quite different from the where they served using the same business skills in the new trades. The study recommended that Nigerian government should learn from western government in encouraging Igbo apprenticeship system that governs most successful businesses among Ndigbo and developed as an official business incubation system for the youth. The study further recommended government can support individuals who have mastered certain skills but lack capital with fund infusion.

Navigating Geopolitical Turmoil: Corporate Responses to the War in Ukraine and Its Impact on Consumer Mindset

Following Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine, many companies withdrew from or altered their Russian operations. This research explores the impact of such corporate actions on three important consumer mindset metrics: net brand buzz, consideration set inclusion, and purchase intent. The authors also examine the moderating role of the firm's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reputation, the type of business (B2B vs. B2C), and the focal firm's decisions relative to peers. The authors test their propositions using a unique data set that combines a firm's decision related to its Russian operations, consumer mindset metrics, and ESG performance after controlling for firm-level factors. The findings indicate that decisions such as withdrawal from or suspension of activities in Russia are positively related to consumer mindset metrics. Moreover, this effect is accentuated for firms with a strong prior ESG reputation such that they experience a greater level of net brand buzz, brand consideration set inclusion, and purchase intent following the decision compared with the period before such decisions. This study contributes to understanding the relationship between such corporate actions and consumer mindset metrics in a novel geopolitical context, providing valuable insights for managerial decision making and public policy.

Does digital inclusive finance increase land rent? Evidence from rural China

In developing countries, household credit constraints are determining factors affecting the efficient allocation of land resources. Digital financial inclusion is a new type of digital financial business by providing financial services through Internet technology. It broadens the information dissemination channels, provides more nonagricultural employment opportunities, and lowers the household credit constraint. By using data from Chinese farm households, we find that digital inclusive finance affects income of renting out households and expenditure of renting in households through credit mechanisms. Developing digital inclusive finance is a method to promote market-oriented land transfer and the effective utilization of land resources.

Adjustments in VAT rates and business innovation: Empirical insights from China

China aims to alleviate corporate financial pressures and encourage high-quality economic development through initiatives such as value-added tax (VAT) rate reform. This study employs the difference-in-difference (DID) approach to investigate the effect of the 2017 VAT rate reform on corporate innovation, taking the reform as a quasi-natural experiment. We find that the VAT rate reform has significantly promoted firm innovation and that increasing profitability serves as the primary channel. The innovation-promoting effects of the VAT rate reform are most prominently seen in a number of different types of businesses: those with lower intermediate input ratios, those operating in less monopolistic industry environments, state-owned enterprises, non-exporting businesses, entities with limited financial resources, and companies located in non-eastern China. This study makes a case for tax reforms in other nations as well as a reference for China's market-oriented reform and further VAT reform.

중대재해처벌 등에 관한 법률 시행에 따른 사회복지조직의 대응방안

The Serious Accidents Punishment Act was expanded to apply to all workplaces with five or more employees on January 27, 2024. This paper examines the major legal issues surrounding senior employment support agencies, especially senior clubs, which are social welfare facilities particularly vulnerable to major accidents, and proposes organizational countermeasures for preventing major accidents. To this end, this paper analyses the main contents of the Serious Accidents Punishment Act through academic literatures, and reviews various legal principles and key issues related to the implementation of the Act on senior clubs through the case laws. This paper aims to seek effective preventive measures and responses to the accidents that occur in senior clubs. The research revealed that the characteristics of senior clubs include continuous increasing trend in the number of elderly participants in senior job programs, full-time employments more than three hundred employees, various types of business operations such as public service, social service, and private business, and continuous occurrence of dangerous accidents. The key issues of the Serious Accidents Punishment Act relevant to the senior clubs are identifying an employee with legal responsibility, types of business subject to the Act, establishment of a dedicated occupational health and safety board appropriate to the type of business, a joint penal provision, and punitive damages. This paper proposes the following responsive measures for senior clubs in response to the implementation of the Act; changing employees’ perspective towards the Serious Accidents Punishment Act, building a health and safety management system reflecting characteristics of senior clubs, utilizing scientific risk management techniques in establishing a health and safety management system and support and management from the Ministry of Health and Welfare as well as local governments.

ANALISA PROSES BISNIS SIMPAN PINJAM PADA KSU JAYA MARUTI MENGGUNAKAN BUSINESS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

KSU Jaya Maruti is a form of all-business cooperative that runs various types of businesses, one of which is the savings and loan business. There are various problems and risks faced by KSU Jaya Maruti in carrying out the savings and loan business process. The problems that are often faced are in data management, such as the frequent occurrence of human errors when recording and unintentional changes to data, and difficulties in reconciling data at the time of closing the books and auditing. In this research, business process modeling (as-is) and (to-be) were created using Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) with the Business Process Improvement (BPI) method so that the KSU Jaya Maruti can be helped to face its problems. The results of this research recommendation are the modeling of ongoing business processes (as-is) and recommendations (to-be), as well as additional applications in the form of financial technology to carry out the recommended business processes. From the calculation of the distribution of questionnaires based on the results of the member questionnaire with respondents from 150 people, 76.89% of respondents stated that they agreed that the KSU Jaya Maruti implemented financial technology, and for the employee questionnaire with respondents from 18 people, 80.76% stated that they strongly agreed to implement financial technology.

Determinants of Loan Repayment Among Microfinance Beneficiaries in Lagos State, Nigeria

This study examines the determinants of loan repayment among microfinance institutions (MFIs) among their 384 microenterprises. The research found that age, gender, marital status, educational level, business experience, family size, type of business, interest rate, profit level, lending method, training/business enhancement program, and loan repayment time are not significant determinants of loan repayment among MEs in the study area. Prompt loan repayment can encourage cordial relationships between MFIs and their customers, and thus, MFIs and stakeholders should consider these significant variables when extending loans to their clients. This highlights the importance of timely loan repayment for MFIs' survival and growth.

Challenges Traditional Firms Encounter when Launching Online Sales Services: Bangladesh Viewpoint

Brick-and-Click organizations (Brick and Click Organizations) have emerged as a new type of business that aims to provide consumers with a seamless experience while purchasing products online. This study seeks to identify and understand the challenges that traditional businesses face when attempting to launch online sales services. The study employs a descriptive research design to address the research issues. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key- decision-makers in such enterprises to get qualitative insights into the challenges faced by the businesses. This study's target population consists of Bangladeshi brick and click businesses. Online data were collected from a total of 1,036 respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings suggest that, businesses face a variety of online sales obstacles. Respondents from businesses indicate that their online sales difficulties were influenced by the product or service they sell and their interactions with customers, including their age, gender, and nature. Customers' distraction during online shopping is a common issue for click-only businesses. According to this study, however, brick- and-click retailers perceived it as a moderate challenge. The classic retail challenges of building personal relationships and providing a tactile product experience are not as daunting for brick and click businesses as they are for online-only businesses. By taking a proactive approach to the issues identified in this study, brick-and click businesses can not only overcome the immediate challenges but also position themselves favorably for future growth and success in the digital marketplace.

Business Strategy Map and Key Performance Indicators for Saffron Petshop Based on Balanced Scorecard

Introduction: The success of the implemented business strategy is considered successful if the company's performance ability or performance is positive or increases well. One way to calculate company performance is with a Key Performance Indicator (KPI). Objective: This paper aims to analyze the business strategy map and key performance indicators of Saffron Petshop based on a balanced scorecard. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive approach. Descriptive approach describes and explains phenomena to conclude phenomena with limited implications. The theories used in this research are Key Performance Indicators (KPI), balance Scorecard theory, and Strategic maps. The data collection technique used in this research is semi-structured interviews using questionnaires to customers at Saffron Petshop. Findings: The main findings in this study indicate that performance based on a financial perspective shows quite effective results with an increase in net profit when other types of businesses are affected by covid 19. Second, performance based on customer perspective shows very effective results when indicators of good customer satisfaction levels are calculated. Third, the effectiveness of performance based on internal business perspectives shows effective results with increased service and product innovation to increase revenue from Saffron Petshop. Fourth, performance based on the learning and growth perspective shows effective results with increased productivity and employee satisfaction.

Analysis of Development status, Problems and Countermeasures of China's Insurance Industry

In recent years, China's insurance industry has maintained steady development. As the pillar of social security, it plays a key role in protecting the economy and benefiting the people. At the same time, the development of China's insurance industry is in good shape. The development speed is gradually increasing, the development level is also constantly improving, and the service fields and business types are gradually enriched. The continuous innovation of insurance products and the continuous transformation of business concepts have provided strong support for China's economic and social development. This article first reviews the development history of China's insurance industry and conducts an in-depth analysis of the following four problems: backward horizontal development, improper market supervision, low product innovation, and irregular personnel levels. Secondly, corresponding countermeasures are provided for each problem. The problems and countermeasures studied in this article may promote the development of China's insurance industry.

EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES IN MANAGING DEMAND AND PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF SERVICES MSMEs IN BEKASI CITY

The Indonesian economy can benefit from the existence of MSMEs, but there are also shortcomings or problems with them, such as the low income limit owned by businesses, a small number of Human Resources (HR), and low levels of education and digital literacy. This research aims to explore demand patterns and production capacity at Ameera Salon, an MSME in Indonesia. We use qualitative methods by collecting data through observation and documentation. Through this research, we realize that the Indonesian economy can benefit from the existence of MSMEs, but is also faced with a number of problems such as low income, limited human resources, and low levels of education and digital literacy. In this situation, the most strategic approach to overcoming the problem of poverty is through the development of MSMEs. However, in handling requests, each type of business needs to consider and analyze the requests in an appropriate manner. This research provides insight into how MSMEs such as Ameera Salon can manage their demand and production capacity. Keywords: Production Capacity, Demand, MSMEs

An Analysis of Indian Overseas Bank's Case Study on the Conceptual Framework of Lending Technologies for Financing Small and Medium-sized Businesses

This to examine the Indian Overseas Bank’s credit facilities MSMEs with various financing options available and also examine the constraints in credit facilities. The sample respondents was 90, which comprised of seventy-one manufacturing enterprises and nineteen service enterprise respondents. Statistical tools such as Percentage analysis, Chi-square Test, factor analysis was used to analyse the data. The study revealed that, among manufacturing enterprise and service enterprise respondents, majority (67.60 per cent and 57.89 per cent) were small entrepreneurs. in middle age group (37.78 per cent). About 40 per cent were graduates and 78.89 per cent were sole proprietors. There was a significant association between type of business and age group, form of organization and business experience. 98 per cent of respondents were aware about term loan of which 65.90 per cent availed loan. 91 per cent of the respondents were aware of working capital finance of which 70.73 per cent availed loan. Bank officers (67.77 per cent) were main source of information. The source of finance (64.44 per cent) was IOB loan. They were willing to avail loan amount of Rs. 1-10 lakhs for two years. Maximum respondents repaid 25-50 per cent of loan. Difficulties faced by the customers in availing credit facilities were grouped under seven factors. Top five ranks were given to the statements such as; network of bank branches is not good, no wide range of services, non-availability of timely rehabilitation finance, lack of dissemination of information and lack of MSME loan processing centres at key locations. Majority of the respondents suggested for specialized branches of MSMEs (40 per cent).

Addressing the financial impact of natural disasters in the era of climate change

The objective of our study is to predict the financial losses that may result from natural disasters, along with their level of volatility, over a period of 1 to 15 years. Volatility can lead to significant fluctuations in Profit and Loss (P&L) for companies that are affected by unexpected events. To achieve this goal, we created a novel two-factor square-root model that allows us to establish a correlation between the frequency of occurrences and volatility, using correlated Brownian motions. Moreover, we utilized a Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) to estimate the maximum potential loss in terms of Value at Risk (VaR) for each specific type of natural disaster. To ensure the reliability of our predictions, we compared our results to those of four reference models and conducted a backtesting analysis. This approach is particularly suitable for insurance companies seeking to maintain stable reserves, but it can also be adapted for any other type of business that is vulnerable to extreme events and aims to safeguard a consistent cash flow for their stakeholders.

Which companies among the SMEs operate in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals


 
 
 The purpose of the article is to identify the factors that have a significant impact on the decision of SMEs to operate in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The identification was made on the basis of data collected in December 2022 during a survey of a sample of 303 SMEs from all over Poland. In order to identify the above-mentioned factors, the following were analyzed: type of business, industry to which the primary economic activity of the surveyed company is assigned, age of the company, type of ownership, scope of activity, organizational and legal form, number of employees, average annual net income. Correlation tests confirmed the hypotheses of the relationship between the number of employees and average annual net income and operation in accordance with the SDGs. Further verification of the relationship, performed using a logit model, confirmed that average annual net income and industry are significant variables. There is a relationship between these variables and acting in accordance with the SDGs. The chance of making a decision by a company about operating in accordance with the SDGs increases as the average annual net income increases. The probability of operating in accordance with the SDGs is higher if the company operates in the following industries, i.a.: real estate activities, transportation, financial and insurance, construction, agriculture.
 
 

Efektivitas bantuan UMKM dan strategi penguatan UMKM di Kota Magelang

The government provides assistance to maintain the resilience of MSMEs during Covid-19. The research aims to analyze the effectiveness of government assistance to MSMEs and determine appropriate strengthening strategies. The research was conducted in Magelang City, with the research object being 32 respondents receiving BPUM assistance in 2021. Data collection methods were carried out by observation, interviews, and filling out questionnaires. The analysis in this research includes descriptive analysis, one sample chi-square test analysis, Wilcoxon signed rank test analysis, and SWOT analysis. The results show different opportunities for each micro-enterprise to get BPUM assistance based on length of business, type of business, and type of product. Another finding is that BPUM assistance is effective in increasing micro businesses in capital, production, and added value but ineffective in increasing the workforce. Strengthening strategies such as unique products, partner relationships, digital marketing, promotions, improving the quality of human resources, innovation, and exploiting tourism potential are the right strategies to implement.