Bus Stop Research Articles

Bus Stop Spacing with Heterogeneous Trip Lengths and Elastic Demand

Bus Stop Spacing with Heterogeneous Trip Lengths and Elastic Demand

Analyzing the Performance of the System of a Signalized Intersection with a Far-Side, Off-Line Bus Stop

Analyzing the Performance of the System of a Signalized Intersection with a Far-Side, Off-Line Bus Stop

Evaluating the Accessibility of Bus Stop's in Addis Ababa City a Case of Anbesa City Bus Service Enterprise Route 101

Evaluating the Accessibility of Bus Stop's in Addis Ababa City a Case of Anbesa City Bus Service Enterprise Route 101

Potential transfer of motorcycle mode to BRT Trans Semarang for students to campus in Semarang city

The movement of students requires means of a comfortable preferred mode of transportation with a high level of satisfaction. The aim of this research is to identify the characteristics of student trips in the city of Semarang, and to find out the factors for the transfer of motorcycleuse to the Trans Semarang BRT, and to determine steps to improve the choice of transportation modes for the Trans Semarang BRT. The study population was students of Universitas Diponegoro, Universitas Negeri Semarang and Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo. The sample was taken using a quota sampling technique, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. The results showed that the average trip frequency was one time per day, the average distance traveled was 5-6 km. Travel time is 20-29 minutes for motorcycleusers and 30-39 minutes for BRT Trans Semarang users. On the reason for choosing the mode there is a difference where students choose the motorcycle mode due to speed and practical factor, while students choose the BRT Trans Semarang mode because it is cheap. The dominant factor affecting the transfer of motorcycle to the Trans Semarang BRT towards the campus of students in the city of Semarang is that if on the way from the bus stop to the final destination there is no need to change transportation, there is a Passenger Information System at each stop, and a maximum waiting time of 5 minutes. Increasing the travel time is a step to improve the choice of transportation mode for the Trans Semarang BRT.

Progression Control Model to Enhance Performance of Transit Signal Priority

Transit signal priority (TSP) plays an essential role in reducing traffic jams in a multimodal road traffic environment. Traffic experts expect that the demand for cars will be transferred to buses as the bus-service quality improves. This study proposes a multimodal environment TSP model with dedicated median bus lanes to simultaneously increase bus travel speed at signalized intersections and reduce car delay times. The proposed TSP model includes three optimization stages. The TSP is first optimized using a MAXBAND-based bandwidth model after a partitioned TSP control group is defined relative to a median bus stop to support non-stop bus movement. The optimal combination between these groups is selected using the delay-difference-of-offset technique. A kinematic wave-based offset optimization model is proposed to reduce the car delay time. We analyze the performance of this model in improving two-way bus speeds and reducing the car delay time in Seoul’s bus rapid transit system. The proposed TSP model decreases the stop ratio of buses by analyzing the bus trajectory from the micro-simulation. This model can be used as a center-based control to improve the mobility of buses and cars in a multimodal environment.

Impacts of Bus Overtaking Policies on the Capacity of Bus Stops

Impacts of Bus Overtaking Policies on the Capacity of Bus Stops

ENGINEERING AND PLANNING SOLUTIONS OF BUS STOPS OF TRANSPORT ON THE EXAMPLE OF KYIV

The purpose of the study is to conduct an analysis of foreign and domestic experience regarding planning decisions of bus stops and to identify their influence on the formation of transport interchanges. The article presents the generalized results of the current state of engineering and planning decisions of bus stops in the city of Kyiv and reveals the factors of influence of spatial planning decisions on the formation of transport and transfer nodes in the urban environment. The areas of improvement and development of the functional-spatial organization of solid waste are considered. The article is aware of its purpose, namely, it presents the generalized results of the state of planning decisions of bus stops in the city of Kyiv, determines the influencing factors on the formation of transport interchanges. Analysis of the current development of bus stop planning solutions in the capital made it possible to form a classification and distinguish types of bus stops according to four classification features: functions, volume of passenger traffic, location of bus stops, and degree of modality. The study of the spatial configuration of solid waste on the basis of bus stops made it possible to identify the following types of solid waste: the solid waste zone is located at an intersection; the solid waste zone is formed at a T-shaped intersection; the solid waste zone, which consists of stopping points, placed sequentially; solid waste zone, which contains stopping points located in parallel; combined type of solid waste. The analysis and research of the current engineering and planning solutions of bus stops in the city of Kyiv revealed that the formation of solid waste in the urban environment mainly takes place on the basis of railway stations, airports, bus stations, which receive and send external passenger flows directed in city.

Dilectio sequitur cognitionem

It might sound strange, but the urban composition of bus stop, restaurant and church create the visual and social focal point of Pasarét in Budapest. The architectural quality of these three buildings is outstanding, therefore the new parish presbytery needed to meet the same standard. Where a clear use of spatial forms, materials and historical cloister design has been applied.

Effects of urban road environment on vehicular speed. Evidence from Brescia (Italy)

Inappropriate speeds are key factors that may affect the occurrence and the severity of road crashes. Although rural roads are influenced by more severe crashes than urban roads, perhaps due to the higher vehicular speeds, the latter suffer from a higher frequency of crashes. Therefore, exploring factors affecting the vehicular speed in the urban area is crucial. The literature provided several models to usually estimate the operating speed (i.e., V85) in rural roads. However, further investigations are needed to provide these estimations in the urban areas. In addition, these models often estimate the 85th percentile of the speed distribution, that cannot represent the entire distribution. Therefore, the problem of the speed prediction distribution is also a challenge in urban roads. This paper addresses this challenge by exploring the effects of some road factors on the vehicular speed along segments of urban roads. First, this speed is modelled as a random variable with a normal distribution. Next, by using 11,466 car spot speed data collected along a portion of the urban road network of city of Brescia (Italy), two multiple linear regression models were run for the estimation of the speed mean and the related standard deviation, respectively. Preliminary results showed that the presence of median, the bus stop density, the presence of curb and the type of adjacent land are significant predictors of the vehicular speed distribution on urban roads. These results may support road management agencies to set proper actions on speed management, especially for existing roads and/or critical section roads in urban areas.

Methodological Distribution of Virtual Stops for Ridepooling

In recent years, an increasing number of shared and on-demand mobility services were deployed in several cities. Most of these services utilize virtual stops as pick-up and drop-off points due to a better service efficiency compared to a door-to-door operating policy. Virtual stops do not include any physical element of a conventional bus stop. Therefore, they are only visible on a mobile device with the proper application. Emerging from the flexibility of distributing virtual stops, strategic considerations are essential to optimize the service quality and usability. This work introduces three approaches to identify locations for virtual stops, followed by methodological strategies. Different characteristics are obtained by applying these methods, assessed by a comprehensive utility analysis regarding users’ and providers’ perspectives. The evaluation shows that for users, virtual stops located at streetlamps are the most advantageous. In contrast, providers benefit from virtual stops at intersections, mainly due to better routing efficiency.

Risk Area Identification Model of Bus Bay Stops Based on Distribution of Conflicts

Effective identification of the risk area of the bus bay stop is a prerequisite for the enhancement of traffic safety. This study proposes a method of identifying the risk area based on the distribution of traffic conflicts. Firstly, the traffic flow data of the bus stop is collected by drones and video recognition software, and the traffic flow characteristics of the bus stop are analyzed by the mathematical and statistical methods. Secondly, using the gray clustering evaluation theory, on the basis of the rasterization of the functional area of the bus bay stop, a risk level model based on the index system of conflict rate, conflict severity, and potential conflict risk is proposed. Finally, take a bus stop in Guangzhou as an example to verify the solution. The results show that the constructed model can effectively identify the risk areas of bus bay stops. The risk areas of the bus bay stops are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the bus stop, which proves that the impact of bus exiting the stop on the surrounding traffic is greater than the process of bus entering the stop; the traffic risk areas of lanes near the bus stop are concentrated, and the severity of conflicts is low. The traffic risk zone of the lane far away from the bus stop is widely distributed, and the severity of conflict is higher. The research results can provide a basis for the micro safety performance evaluation and safety optimization of bus bay stops, which has strong theoretical and practical significance.

The Optimal Location for a Smart Bus Stop through Public Data Analysis: The Case of Changwon-si

본 연구의 목적은 GIS 공간분석과 종합점수화 기법을 활용하여 스마트버스정류장 최적입지를 분석 및 제안하는 것이다. 연구대상 지역은 경상남도 창원시이다. 통상 최적입지 스마트공공시설물의 경우, 기존 공공시설물과 달리 다양한 분야를 포괄하는 종합 플랫폼의 성격을 띄기 때문에 최적입지 선정에 있어서도 다양한 요인들을 고려해야 한다는 점에서 본연구는 의의가 있다. 입지 선정 지표로 창원시 내 모든 버스정류장의 대기오염도, 광고효과, 안전취약도, 디지털취약도를 정량화 하였다. 안전취약도상위 30개 스마트버스정류장은 엔트로피가중치 산정방법에 따라 선별되었으며 이를 시각화 했다.The purpose of this study is to analyze and propose an optimal location for a smart bus stop using GIS(Geographic Information System) and CSR (Comprehensive Ranking System). The target area of the study is Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea. In the case of optimal location of public smart facilities, unlike existing public facilities, they have the characteristics of a comprehensive platform involving multiple elements. Therefore, those factors should be considered in the selection of the optimal location of smart bus stops which makes our study significant. We quantify the air pollution level, proficiency of advertisements, safety vulnerability, and digital vulnerability of all bus stops in Changwon-si to compute as indicators. We rank the top 30 smart bus stops and visualize them on a geographical map.

Gender Differences in Environmental Correlates of Cycling Activity among Older Urban Adults

Cycling is a form of active transport that can improve the level of health among the elderly population. However, little is known about the environmental correlates of bicycle use among older adults. This study investigated the relationship between the built and social environment and the gender differences in cycling frequency among older urban adults in China. The data were derived from a household travel survey in 2012 and covered thirty-three urban neighborhoods in Zhongshan. The results suggest that denser intersections are negatively related to cycling trips among both older men and women. Reverse associations for either gender, however, are observed between the average income in a neighborhood and cycling frequency. For older women, living far from a bus stop is positively correlated to an increase in daily cycling trips. For older men, social environment, including the proportions of employed or elderly people in a neighborhood, is significantly associated with cycling activity. The findings facilitate the understanding of the gender gap in cycling activity among older urban adults, and help towards designing effective planning strategies as health interventions.

Pedestrian safety at signalized intersections: Spatial and machine learning approaches

IntroductionThe major goal of the present research is to determine hotspot areas by the generation of a geospatial model and develop a model associated with pedestrian-vehicle crash injuries (severe, moderate, slight) at signalized intersections in Erzurum, Turkey. MethodologyThis study used the comprehensive algorithm in Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Data from 197 crashes injury (2015–2019) at 57 intersections depending on the mix of variables such as driver, road and vehicle characteristics, and environment data were collected. ResultsWithin the four candidate models, the first one including pedestrian density, level of education, traffic congestion, type of vehicle, presence of bus stop, age, and gender had the lowest RMSE and MAE values and the greatest R2 value. Lastly, sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of independent parameters. ConclusionsThe importance of the study lies in the expected outcomes to assist the experts to address the pedestrian-vehicle crash risk factors by conducting appropriate countermeasures for facilities management/improvement.

OPTIMIZING BUS LINES USING GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

Abstract. Due to increasing human population, the need for quality public transportation has also increased. This study takes stop density, stop layout, and passenger population of those stops into consideration to offer a better regulated public transportation network design that can satisfy the increased demand. In this study, the boarding data is provided by the public transportation department of the city of Antalya, Turkey. Remaining required data was automatically generated using web services and stored in a PostgreSQL database hosted on a cloud server. After visualizing inputs such as bus routes, stop layout, and passenger density on Google Maps and KeplerGL, with the use of the K-Means algorithm, data was clustered to find ”hot” (i.e. attraction) areas on a macro scale. A novel means of connecting hot spots suggested by the outcome of the Genetic Algorithm was developed. To compare the effectiveness of the proposed approach with the existing network, current bus stops were mapped to the new domain. It was observed that a more efficient system was achieved by higher route efficiency and lower transfer counts.

Walkability evaluation sourounding university campus

The pedestrian space should encourage walking and offer safety and comfort for all people. One of the most widely used modes of transportation to access a university campus is on foot. To identify the degree of safety and comfort offered by the infrastructure intended for pedestrians around three university campuses in Marilia (SP), to develop their daily activities such as study, research, work and medical care, performance indicators were used, developed by Cerna (2014), and a walkability index, developed by Pires et al. (2017), based on the method proposed by Cerna. The results show that among the evaluated themes, the indicators related to Traffic light, sidewalks, passenger shelters (bus stop), bus stops and sidewalks had the worst scores. These results point to the effectiveness of the method and thus, they can contribute so that managers and owners of buildings around these university campuses can improve the quality of the access infrastructure to the respective universities.

THE INFLUENCE OF LAND USE ACTIVITIES TOWARDS MASS RAPID TRANSIT (MRT) FEEDER BUS SERVICE RIDERSHIP

The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) feeder bus service is a complementary public transport service provided to encourage ridership of MRT rail services in Malaysia. In brief, this feeder bus service plays a role in connecting people to and from MRT stations. The objective of this study is to determine the passenger volume generated at each MRT feeder bus stop location in the study area, and relate it to surrounding land use activities. Using the rule of thumb in public transportation systems, 200 m and 400 m radial buffers were identified as catchment areas of the bus stops. The key finding from this study is the relationship between volume of passenger and land use activities. This study concludes that land use activities influence MRT ridership, and that the presence of shelters or waiting poles is important to encourage ingress or egress.

Socio-economic patterning of food and drink advertising at public transport stops in Edinburgh, UK.

Outdoor advertisements for food and drink products form a large part of the food environment and they disproportionately promote unhealthy products. However, less is known about the social patterning of such advertisements. The main aim of this study was to explore the socio-economic patterning of food and drink advertising at bus stops in Scotland's capital city, Edinburgh. Bus stop advertisements were audited to identify food/drink adverts and classify them by food/drink category (i.e. 'advert category'). This data were then linked to area-based deprivation and proximity measures. Neighbourhood deprivation was measured using the bus stop x/y co-ordinates, which were converted to postcodes to identify the matching 2012 deprivation level via the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation. Distance to schools and leisure centres were also collected using location data. Generalised estimating equations and linear regression analyses were used to assess associations between the promotion of advert categories and deprivation and proximity to schools/leisure centres, respectively. Edinburgh city, United Kingdom. 561 food/drink advertisements were identified across 349 bus stops, with 8 advertisement categories noted and included in the final analysis, including alcohol, fast food outlets and confectionary. The majority of adverts were for 'unhealthy' food and drink categories, however there was no evidence for any socio-economic patterning of these advertisements. There was no evidence of a relationship between advertisements and proximity to schools and leisure centres. While there is no evidence for food and drink advertising being patterned by neighbourhood deprivation, the scale of unhealthy advertising is an area for policy evaluations and interventions on the control of such outdoor advertising.

Exploring the Effects of Urban Built Environment on Road Travel Speed Variability with a Spatial Panel Data Model

Road traffic congestion is a common problem in most large cities, and exploring the root causes is essential to alleviate traffic congestion. Travel behavior is closely related to the built environment, and affects road travel speed. This paper investigated the direct effect of built environment on the average travel speed of road traffic. Taxi trajectories were divided into 30 min time slot (48 time slots throughout the day) and matched to the road network to obtain the average travel speed of road segments. The Points of Interest (POIs) in the buffer zone on both sides of the road segment were used to calculate the built environment indicators corresponding to the road segment, and then a spatial panel data model was proposed to assess the influence of the built environment adjacent to the road segment on the average travel speed of the road segment. The results demonstrated that the bus stop density, healthcare service density, sports and leisure service density, and parking entrance and exit density are the key factors that positively affect the average road travel speed. The residential community density and business building density are the key factors that negatively affect the average travel speed. Built environments have spatial correlation and spatial heterogeneity in their influence on the average travel speed of road segments. Findings of this study may provide useful insights for understanding the correlation between road travel speed and built environment, which would have important implications for urban planning and governance, traffic demand forecasting and traffic system optimization.

ANALISIS HALTE BUS TRANS SEMARANG (Studi Kasus Koridor I)

<p>The construction of shelters that were not carried out simultaneously resulted in the<br />construction of shelters along the Penggaron – Simpang Lima Semarang route<br />experiencing differences even though they were in the same location. There is a need<br />for a review from the government regarding the capacity of the bus stops, the<br />condition of the shelters, the layout of the shelters and the distance of the bus stops<br />that are still less than the standard. The lack of facilities owned by some Trans<br />Semarang bus stops and the distance from the bus stop users to the destination stop<br />is still quite far, so people prefer to use private vehicles. From several analysis<br />results, there are several criteria that must be met for the placement of the position<br />and the distance of the bus stop that will affect the speed of the Trans Semarang bus<br />in determining the optimal location for a bus stop, one of the important factors is<br />knowing the location of requests from BRT users where the location of the bus stop<br />request is a source of generation. and the attraction of population movement and the<br />location of the mode change before or after using the selected one.</p>