Brown Race Research Articles

Impact of oral health conditions on the quality of life of children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia: A cross-sectional study.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most common hemoglobinopathy in Brazil and worldwide and is part of a group of chronic genetic diseases resulting from abnormalities in the structure of hemoglobin. To evaluate the impact of oral health conditions on the quality of life (QoL) of children and adolescents with SCA. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 76 children and adolescents aged 8-14 years. For inclusion, they were required to have a diagnosis of HbSS SCA in their medical records, without a pain crisis or any dental emergency in the last three months. The children and adolescents with SCA were from Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Maranhão. Demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, oral hygiene, caries, malocclusion, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) were assessed. OHRQoL was assessed using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests were performed (α = 5%). Brown race was the most prevalent for both age groups (8-10 years-63.2% and 11-14 years-57.9%). Predominant monthly family income for both age groups was below $106. Visible plaque and gingival bleeding were higher in children aged 8-10 years. Dental caries significantly impacted the QoL of adolescents through the domain "oral symptom" (p = .031). Malocclusion significantly impacted the QoL of adolescents ("total score," p = .026; "social well-being", p = .045). Oral health impairment negatively affected the QoL of adolescents with SCA.

Epidemiological profile and spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue registered from 2010 to 2021 in the state of Maranhão

Dengue is a disease of viral etiology transmitted by mosquitoes, with a high incidence in tropical countries. Dengue has great epidemiological importance in the Americas and in Brazil. The goal of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution and to describe the epidemiological profile of probable cases of dengue in the State of Maranhão from 2010 to 2021. Statistical analysis through non-parametric tests and spatial analysis were performed using the Moran’s Global Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) and Space-time Scan statistic. Data were collected from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System in Brazil (DATASUS) between 2010 and 2021. The highest number of probable cases occurred in 2016 (23,938) and they were concentrated in the first half of each year. The female gender had the highest proportion of cases (54.9%). The cases predominated in the group of people aged between 20 and 39 years old (35.5%). People with incomplete elementary school degree were the most affected (43.0%). The brown race had more registered cases (80.7%). The municipality that had the highest incidence was Barra do Corda (7,418.5 per 100.000 inhabitants in 2016). In the local spatial analysis, 55.8% of the clusters of municipalities High- High occurred in the South region from the State of Maranhão. The municipality of Barra do Corda presented the highest relative risk (55.91) in the Space-time Scan statistic. People of the brown race, with incomplete schooling and young adults were the most affected by the dengue disease. The South region of the State showed greater epidemiological importance because it has representative clusters High-High. KEY WORDS: Dengue; incidence; spatial analysis; State of Maranhao.

Impacts of pro-inflammatory cytokines variant on cardiometabolic profile and premature coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine, is closely linked to vascular wall thickening and atherosclerotic lesion. Since serum IL-6 levels are largely determined by the genetic variant in IL-6, this study was conducted to investigate whether the IL-6 variant impacts cardiometabolic profile and the risk of premature coronary artery disease (PCAD). PubMed, Cochrane Library, Central, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from May 13, 2022 to June 28, 2023. In total, 40 studies (26,543 individuals) were included for the analysis. The rs1800795 (a function variant in the IL-6 gene) C allele was linked to higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), and a lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, no significant association was observed of rs1800795 with triglycerides (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Interestingly, a significant association was detected between rs1800795 and PCAD. Subgroup analyses indicted that the impacts of rs1800795 on cardiometabolic risk factors were significant in Caucasians but stronger in obese patients. In contrast, the impact of rs1800795 on PCAD was significant in brown race population. In summary, rs1800795 had a slight but significant impact on cardiometabolic risk factors and PCAD. IL-6 inhibition with ziltivekimab or canakinumab may benefit high-risk populations (e.g. brown race population, Caucasians, obese patients, etc.) with rs1800795 to prevent PCAD.

Temporal analysis of hospitalizations for Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil and its relationship with COVID-19: ecological study

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition resulting from changes in cartilage or the effect of insulin, resulting in chronic hyperglycemia. In diabetic patients, the presence of COVID-19 increases the rates of serious complications and there is a greater risk of mortality. To analyze the phenotypic characteristics of hospitalizations and mortality rates due to DM in Brazil through epidemiological data and their relationship with COVID-19. This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative and retrospective study; carried out with analysis of secondary data on hospitalizations for DM, through the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (DataSUS) in the period from 2018 to 2022 in Brazil. Variables of year of service, region, race/color, age group and sex were considered. In the present analysis, there is a greater MT in the Southeast and Northeast regions of Brazil. In terms of gender distribution, the highest prevalence is in males (51.05%), but with lower MT than females (2.69 x 2.84), with the population aged between 50 and over. 80 years old with higher percentages of international and TM. Finally, it is clear that the Brown race required more hospitalizations (41.68%), while the Black race was associated with the highest mortality rates. In the present study, it is possible to analyze that the phenotypic characteristics of diabetic patients influence the mortality prognosis, providing the basis for further research with the aim of analyzing the mechanisms that lead to the epidemiological aspects with greater prevalence of TM.

Racial disparities in breast cancer survival after treatment initiation in Brazil: a nationwide cohort study

Breast cancer is a public health priority in Brazil and ensuring equity in health care is one of the cancer control plan goals. Our aim was to present the first assessment on the influence of race or skin colour on breast cancer survival at the national level. In this nationwide cohort study, data on women who initiated treatment for breast cancer in the public health-care system (Sistema Unico de Saúde), Brazil, were assembled through record linkage of administrative and mortality information systems. The administrative information systems were the Outpatient Information System (data from high complexity procedure authorisations) and the Hospital Information System (data from hospitalisation authorisations). We included women aged 19 years or older who started treatment between Jan 1, 2008, and Nov 30, 2010; self-identified as having White, Black, or Brown race or skin colour; had tumour stage I-IV; and were treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or both. Patients were followed up until Dec 31, 2015. Patients with only hormone therapy records or who underwent only surgery were excluded. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate crude overall survival for race or skin colour by time since treatment initiation, and Cox regression to estimate all-cause mortality hazard ratios (HRs) before and after adjustment for other covariates. We identified 59 811 women treated for stage I-IV breast cancer. 37 318 (62·4%) women identified themselves as White, 18 779 (31·4%) as Brown, and 3714 (6·2%) as Black. 5-year overall survival probability was higher for White women (74% [95% CI 73-74]) than Black women (64% [62-65]; p<0·0001). In adjusted regression models stratified by the absence of hormone therapy, Black women had a 24% (HR 1·24 [95% CI 1·16-1·34]; p<0·0001) higher risk of all-cause death than White women, and in the presence of hormone therapy Black women had a 25% (1·25 [1·14-1·38]; p<0·0001) higher risk of all-cause death than White women. Black skin colour was identified as a statistically significant risk marker for lower 5-year survival probability and higher risk of all-cause death among women treated for breast cancer by the Sistema Unico de Saúde. Actions to understand and mitigate this unfair difference in health results are urgently needed. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior and Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.

Fatores epidemiológicos e incidência de hanseníase no estado da Bahia

This work aims to analyze the epidemiological endemicity of Hansen's disease in the State of Bahia. The study is configured as a quantitative epidemiological descriptive character with a cross-section of Hansen's disease cases from 2011 to 2021. 26,977 cases were identified in the State of Bahia, with an upward trend in the male population. It is noteworthy that the brown race was the most affected, which can be attributed to socioeconomic factors and people with low education are part of the most vulnerable segment. Concluding, the infectivity rate of Hansen's disease is still high in the state of Bahia.

Cryptococcal infections in individuals with diabetes: an epidemiological analysis of SUS data in Brazil from 2011 to 2020

Cryptococcosis is an invasive and opportunistic systemic mycosis. It is transmitted by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, acquired by inhalation and causes infection or lodging in the lungs. It can present asymptomatically or with various symptoms and in cases of immune deficiency, such as those caused by diabetes, it can reactivate and tend to develop into meningoencephalitis or disseminated disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological indicators of cryptococcal infections in people living with diabetes in Brazil over a 10-year period (2011 to 2020). Data from DATASUS, SIM and SIH were analyzed to calculate hospital morbidity, mortality, gender, age group, race and area of residence. The results showed that during this period there were 1111 deaths from cryptococcosis, in male patients aged 35 to 64, of white or brown race. The states with the highest mortality rates were Roraima and Rio Grande do Norte. Hospital morbidity analyzed indicates that 4% of hospitalizations for diabetes result in death, rising to 6% in Roraima and 5% in Rio Grande do Norte. In Brazil, Cryptococcosis is not compulsorily notifiable, so the data is indirect, but it points to the need to improve data collection and investigation into the clinic.

Socio-demographic and Epidemiological Characterisation of Leprosy in the Population of Pará, Amazon, from 2016 to 2020

Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics of the population with leprosy in the State of Pará from 2016 to 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: Cross-sectional ecological study, based on data from the Disease Information and Notification System (SINAN). The study was conductedin 144 municipalities in Pará, Amazon. The data were organised and distributed by 12 integration Regions.&#x0D; Results and Discussion: In the analysed data, a total of 11,687 cases of leprosy were verified in Pará from 2016 to 2020. Sociodemographic data showed a predominance in the male population, in the brown race, and in those with low education, this study demonstrated that leprosy is prevalent in vulnerable populations with low socioeconomic status, highlighting social inequalities. Conclusion: Monitoring epidemiological and operational indicators of leprosy is essential for evaluating programs and planning public health policies to contribute to epidemiological surveillance.

Epidemiological profile of pesticide poisoning cases in the State of Sergipe, Brazil: a retrospective analysis from 2007 to 2021

We aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of reported cases of pesticide poisoning in the state of Sergipe between 2007 and 2021. Secondary data were obtained from the National Database of Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and National Toxicological Information System (SINITOX), through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and analysis performed using the free tool Google Sheets. During the studied period, 960 cases of exogenous pesticide poisoning were registered in the state. The municipality of Aracaju had the highest percentage of the number of cases. The incidence prevailed in females, in the 20-39 age group, in the brown race and among those with incomplete primary education. The most used toxic agent was rodenticide, suicide attempt predominated as a circumstance of use. Most cases resulted from a single acute exposure, confirmed by the clinical-epidemiological method, and evolved to a cure without sequelae. This study traced the epidemiological profile of the State of Sergipe with regard to the intoxication of the population and, in addition, brought little explored data and information that directly impacts policies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality resulting from the use of pesticides.

Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms Influencing in hematological indices from sickle cell Anemia Patients

The homozygous hemoglobin SS is characterized Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA), altering the original structure of erythrocytes to a sickle shape. The hemoglobinopathies encompass all genetic diseases of hemoglobin and the SCA is the one that presents the greatest clinical manifestations variability and also the most severe ones, causing chronic hemolysis, vaso-occlusive crises and severe anemia in patients. The present study aimed to investigate the role of rs2069832, rs2069835, rs2069840, rs2069845 and rs2069849 polymorphisms in the Interleukin-6 gene in the hematological values of SCA patients treated at Fundação HEMOAM, Manaus, AM. The inclusion of patients was carried out through outpatient care at HEMOAM. Genomic DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) and molecular analyzes by TaqMan® probes on Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 6 Flex Real-Time PCR System. A total of 277 SCA patients were included in this study, having the female gender having a minimally higher frequency (55.3%). The mean age at diagnosis was approximately three years old, with brown race being the most predominant (77.6%). The rs2069832_AA and rs2069845_AA genotypes showed high values for red blood cell, hemoglobin and hematocrit indices, by having an important role as a protective factor for hemolysis in these patients. While the rs2069835_CC genotype showed decreased values for the same hematimetric indices, demonstrating to be a potential risk factor for increased hemolysis. No significant correlation in hematimetric indices was observed for the rs2069840 and rs2069849 genotypes. There are few studies correlating the genetic variants of the IL-6 gene in SCA in the state of Amazonas, however, it is known that IL-6 is involved in cell proliferation and greater response to inflammatory cytokines, and may modulate the clinical response in these patients, such as chronic hemolysis, vaso-occlusion and infections. Our work demonstrated associations of risk and protective IL-6 genotypes for possible hemolysis in patients with sickle cell anemia. We understand that an investigation with a larger number of patients would be recommended to elucidate the roles of the studied polymorphisms in sickle cell anemia. In addition, elucidating the role of Il-6 in sickle cell anemia may lead to the development of new strategies and therapies to prevent the systemic effects of excessive cytokine production and, consequently, reduce the severity of crises in these patients, providing better prognosis, clinical follow-up and welfare.

Physical activity and mental health in Brazilian university students: An analysis in different sexes during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Study aim: To identify symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in Brazilian university students of both sexes and the association of physical activity parameters during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2021. Data on occupational and social variables and mental health symptoms were investigated using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton depression rating scale, and Perceived Stress Scale questionnaires. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: In total, 277 college students over eighteen years old participated in the study (66% female; 46.7% brown race). Higher scores and symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in women (p &lt; 0.0001). Anxiety symptoms were negatively associated with physical activity levels in women. Sedentary time, including sitting correlated with depression scores in women (r = 0.171; p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: University students are a risk group for the appearance of symptoms related to mental health. In addition, these disorders occur more frequently in females, and sedentary habits, such as more time sitting, were related to higher scores in depression and anxiety.

Clinical and epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in aracati city, ceara in 2017 and 2018

Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease originated by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which attacks the lungs and can cause death. Objective: To delineate an epidemiological profile among the age group of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis, investigate, and identify the magnitude of cases of the disease and its consequences in the municipality of Aracati-CE. Methodology: Ecological, descriptive, and quantitative research that sought to understand factors associated with high reported tuberculosis rates. Data collection was performed using data from DATASUS / SINAN, period of the second semester of 2019. Results: Regarding the Residence Zone which had the highest index in 2017 and 2018 was Urban Zone 66.67% and 69.24. respectively. About Age Group was 47, 63% for individuals between 10-39 years (2017) and at 64.10% for same age group (2018). In 2017 the brown race reached 76.20% and in 2018 reached 79, 49%. Both in 2017 and 2018 men were the most committed by tuberculosis: 76.20% and 74.35%, respectively. The most verified form of entry was 85.72% of new cases (2017) and new cases were 79.48% (2018). The most recurrent form of the disease was Pulmonary with 71.42% (2017) and the following year this rate reached 92.30%. In 2017 52.39% were cases with laboratory confirmation and in 2018 this rate reached 66.66%. In 2017 85.72% of patients achieved cure while in 2018 30.76% of patients achieved cure. Conclusion: This study showed and contributed to the knowledge about tuberculosis cases in the city of Aracati, Ceará, showing with scientific basis the most recent evidence on the subject.

Analysis of trends in sepsis mortality in Brazil and by regions from 2010 to 2019.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To characterize the profile of inpatients and trend of sepsis mortality in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), throughout Brazil, and in its regions separately, from 2010 to 2019.METHODS Observational, analytical and retrospective study of secondary data obtained through consultation to the Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (Hospital Information System). All incoming septicemia notifications from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 were included. The following sociodemographic variables were used: sex, age, race, region and federative unit of residence. For data analysis, we used mortality and hospitalization coefficient, relative risk and Joinpoint regression.RESULTS There were a total of 1,044,227 cases of sepsis in Brazil, yielding a mean prevalence coefficient of 51.3/100 thousand inhabitants. There were 463,000 deaths from sepsis recorded, with a mean prevalence coefficient of 22.8 deaths/100,000 inhabitants. The highest rates occurred among the elderly, of brown race, and there was no significant difference between genders. The Southeast region accounted for the highest rates of hospitalization and deaths. A general trend toward increased mortality was observed in the period studied.CONCLUSION The heterogeneity of Brazil should be considered regarding socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and differences in health investment and underreporting between regions, in order to understand the disease’s epidemiological course. Finally, these findings should be correlated with other studies, in an effort to understand the behavior of the disease, and provide inputs for public and private policies in order to reduce the expressiveness of cases and deaths from sepsis in Brazil.

Epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases in Belém - PA from 2016 to 2019

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic and progressive infection, often with a latency period following the initial infection. Clinical manifestations include productive cough, hyperthermia, weight loss and malaise. Method: This is a quantitative research, data were collected from the database of the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN)[14] database, the analyzed variables: schooling; breed; sex; age range and type of entry. Result and Discussion: Males have the highest percentage, representing 67.1%. The age range was between 20 and 39 years old, totaling 43.5%. There is a high prevalence of notification of new cases among the types of entry, totaling 83.1%. The predominance of cases is found in the brown race with a percentage of 81.2% and when related to education the highest number is of those who have completed high school, with 29.4%. Conclusion: In view of this, there is a need for government intervention for more exposed groups, application of public policies aimed at this vulnerable public and the entire population of the municipality, aiming at the prevention, treatment and recovery of the disease.

Creating A New Smile Using Ceramic Restoration Associated With Laser Depigmentation : Clinical Report

The article describes a clinical situation of managing a non harmonious smile caused by old metal ceramic crown on central incisor associated with gingiva hyperpigmentation. It concerns a 23-year-old nonsmoking patient of brown race with a chief complaint of poor aesthetics. He was bothered about the dark-color of upper gum and the discrepancy between the maxillary central incisors. The treatment procedure started by gingival depigmentation using laser diode, followed then by Lithium Disilicate Ceramic crown. Thanks to a well-planned multi-disciplinary approach, the result was esthetically acceptable and the patient was satisfied.

Epidemiological profile of viral hepatitis infection in the population treated at a reference hospital in Alagoas.

Viral hepatitis are widely spread infectious diseases caused by a variety of etiological agents that displays liver tropism as a common characteristic. A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study was conducted through the analysis of viral hepatitis medical records treated and diagnosed from 2010 to 2015. The relationship between the variables were made through the chi-square test. 632 viral hepatitis medical records were analyzed. The highest number of cases happened in 2011. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection was predominant. The most affected age group was < 20 years and the highest number of cases observed in this age group was related to HAV (p<0.001). The acute clinical form was predominant, with 70.2% of the cases. 92.3% of which corresponded to HAV infection (p<0.001). Most of the cases occurred in the brown race and male gender. Moreover, regarding the probable source/mechanism of infection, the contact with suspicious water/food for hepatitis A cases was highlighted. The sexual form predominated in HBV infection and previous history of blood transfusion in cases of hepatitis C. Most cases were spotted in the mesoregion of Eastern Alagoas, especially in the capital Maceió. It must be observed the importance of knowing the profile of this disease in order to understand its dissemination and thus have subsidies for the creation of actions and strategies to combat the infection.

Progression of peripheral nerve injury in leprosy: Evaluation of the effect of nerve decompression surgery in an endemic region of Brazil

Aim: To evaluate the progression of nerve injury in leprosy patients undergoing peripheral nerve decompression surgery. Methodology: Observational study of retrospective, descriptive-analytical cohort. In the convenience sample, individuals with leprosy who underwent peripheral nerve decompression surgery at the Casa de Saúde Santa Marcelina, Porto Velho/RO, between 2000 and 2019 were evaluated nerve by nerve, before and after surgery. Results: Note that 574 individuals underwent 2549 surgeries of the ulnar, median, tibial and/or fibular nerves. Most individuals were male (51.6%), of brown race (80.3%), multibacillary (90.9%), aged between 31 and 60 years (73.2%) and originating from other municipalities in the state of Rondônia, Northern Region of Brazil (67.4%). Most individuals maintained or improved the GD (WHO Grade of Disability), the sensory or the motor nerve function in the limbs operated. Conclusion: The improvement or maintenance of the DG was observed in more than 80% of the operated individuals. In the nerve-to-nerve analysis, considering the sensory and motor functions for all operated nerve trunks, there was an improvement or maintenance of the values presented in the preoperative period for most individuals. According to the results obtained in this study, we concluded that peripheral nerve decompression surgery was able to interrupt the progression of nerve injury in more than 80% of the operated individuals. Considering the potential of the surgery as a preventive procedure, we recommend its indication even for individuals with grade 0 of disability but that present persistent pain or neural thickening after four weeks of clinical treatment without other symptoms.

Perfil do feminicídio: Uma abordagem epidemiológica no Estado de Sergipe

O objetivo do estudo foi estabelecer o perfil do feminicídio no estado de Sergipe no período de 2016 a 2019. Foi realizado um estudo de coorte, descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, por meio de coleta de dados, tendo como população mulheres acima de 18 anos, vítimas de feminicídio. No período do estudo ocorreram 262 mortes violentas de mulheres, dessas mortes 70 foram caracterizadas como feminicídios, cuja taxa de feminicídio por 100 mil mulheres variou de 1,51 a 2,61. Foram 44,3% de feminicídios na região metropolitana e 55,7% nos demais municípios do estado. Em todas as correlações entre as variáveis, prevaleceu como agente causador da morte o uso de armas de fogo. De igual modo, a residência prevaleceu como o local de ocorrência do feminicídio. A frequência de cor/raça parda foi maior na região metropolitana em relação aos demais municípios. Foi estatisticamente significativa a presença de mulheres economicamente ativas. Quando esta variável foi relacionada à cor/raça, esta presença foi mais expressiva entre as mulheres brancas. Quanto à escolaridade predominou, em todas as situações, a ocorrência do ensino fundamental incompleto. No Tribunal de Justiça de Sergipe, dos 31 procedimentos investigatórios instaurados, 25 foram de feminicídios, demandados por 14 das 40 Comarcas do estado de Sergipe. O feminicídio foi evidenciado neste estudo como a principal causa de violência em mulheres jovens-adultas, caracterizando dessa forma um fenômeno epidemiológico que vem se alastrando não apenas no Brasil, mas por todo o mundo.

Vitamin D supplementation reduces serum lipids of children with hypertriacylglycerolemia: A randomized, triple-masked, placebo-controlled crossover trial

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on the body composition and metabolic profile of children with hypertriacylglycerolemia. MethodsThis is a randomized, triple-masked, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of 44 Brazilian children with hypertriacylglycerolemia, age 4 to 11 y. The sample included eutrophic and overweight/obese children according to body mass index for age, with sufficient and insufficient vitamin D basal levels. The intervention lasted 34 wk, with two periods of 12 wk each separated by a 10-wk washout. The two groups, supplemented and placebo, received five drops of cholecalciferol (equivalent to 1000 international unit/d) and five drops of sunflower oil, respectively, daily for 12 wk. Sociodemographic, economic, sunscreen use, percentage of body surface area daily exposed to sun, physical activity, anthropometry (body mass and height), body composition (waist circumference, body fat percentage, fat-free mass, triceps, and subscapular skinfolds), biochemical profile (25-hydroxyvitamin D, fasting glucose, and lipid fractions), blood pressure, and food intake data were collected. ResultsOf the 44 children who concluded the study, 56.80% were female, 54.50% were of brown race, 81.82% had sufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (≥75 nmol/L), and 50.00% were overweight/obese according to body mass index for age. There was a reduction in serum total cholesterol (P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.001), nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.001), total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.001), and low/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (P < 0.001) in the supplemented group compared with the placebo group. ConclusionsCholecalciferol supplementation improved the lipid profile of children with hypertriacylglycerolemia without altering body composition.

Indicadores epidemiológicos da hanseníase em Sergipe: Um olhar direcionado para os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde

O este estudo visa analisar a tendência-temporal da hanseníase em Sergipe e sua correlação com os determinantes sociais da saúde. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, do tipo ecológico de série temporal, com abordagens descritivas. No estudo serão utilizados os dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Ministério da Saúde, relativos ao período de 2007 a 2017.Foram selecionados trêsindicadores epidemiológicos: os coeficientes de casos novos de hanseníase na população geral, em menores de 15 anos e o os casos novos com grau II de incapacidade física, esses foram sujeitos a regressão polinomial. As variáveis independentes foram distribuídas em trêscategorias: Categoria socioeconômica; demográfica e de assistência à saúde, tais variáveis foram correlacionadas estatisticamente através da análise de correlação de Spearman (Significância de 5%). Para variáveis qualitativas procedeu-se com a categorização dos dados e obtenção das respectivas frequências e percentuais. Em relação à análise descritiva da hanseníase ocorreu um maior predomínio dos homens (51%), indivíduos com ensino médio incompleto (52,63%­), morando na zona urbana (74,36%), pertencentes a raça indígena, negra e parda (78%). Em relação as características clínicas (50%) dos indivíduos eram multibacilares. Observou-se uma tendência decrescente para os coeficientes de casos novos de hanseníase na população geral (APC -5,54 e p&lt;0,000) e em menores de 15 anos (APC -5,57 e p&lt; 0,004). Em relação aos indicadores socioeconômicos, a razão de renda, a renda per capita, o esgotamento sanitário e o índice de Gini apresentaram uma correlação positiva com os três indicadores de monitoramento da hanseníase.