Broadcast Programs Research Articles

Strategi Komunikasi Radio Citra FM Kendal Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Pendengar

Abstract
 Radio is a communication medium that emerged in the telecommunications era. Radio as a medium of communication provides convenience for the public to obtain information. Along with the development of high information technology, radio has various challenges to maintain its existence. This study aims to determine the communication strategy used by Radio Citra in increasing listener interest.
 In this study, using the post-positivist paradigm, and including the type of qualitative research. This study uses three data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study used the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.
 The results of this study are that Citra radio's strategy in increasing listener interest is by packaging interesting programs, using social media Facebook, Instagram and streaming for broadcasts, functioning broadcasters as the spearhead and heart, actively engaging the community directly, and using conformity strategies. Radio Citra also makes careful program planning, makes program productions, executes programs to broadcast programs according to a predetermined plan, and conducts monitoring and evaluation.
 

CULTURAL HEGEMONY OF VOICE OF AMERICA (VOA) IN PROGRAM VOA GONDANGDIA (THANKSGIVING EPISODE) ON INDONESIAN DANGDUT RADIO

Radio is one form of mass media that is quite easily accessible by anyone. The broadcast programs owned by Radio Dangdut Indonesia are quite diverse. Radio Dangdut Indonesia believes that all its programs are prime time. However, there is one program that according to the author is quite unique, namely VOA GONDANGDIA which incidentally is an acronym for "Goyang Dangdut in Abroad". The practice of hegemony takes place very smoothly, as if the hegemonic group can enter and mingle with the hegemonic group and acculturation occurs as well as the common vision, mission, and needs in these two groups. Through text elements, the practice of cultural hegemony through text dimensions is carried out by VOA (Voice of America) in the Thanksgiving episode of VOA GONDANGDIA program. The hegemony stems from the choice of theme and the many uses of English terms and the atmosphere that is formed so that it can play the audience's theater of mind and form its own opinion about Thanksgiving. Based on the production process of cultural hegemony, it can be seen from the conceptor of the Thanksgiving episode VOA GONDANDIA program regarding his perspective which has already been hegemoned by American culture. In the dimension of social context, America's great power and great access to it through VOA (Voice of America), makes a practice of cultural hegemony contained in the Thanksgiving episode of VOA GONDANGDIA program.
 Keywords: Radio, Cultural Hegemony, Thanksgiving, Voice of America, Dangdut, Indonesia

Problematika Program Siaran Dakwah Islam: Studi pada Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Kota Sorong

This study aims to determine the da'wah broadcast programs and what factors are the obstacles in the LPP RRI Islamic da'wah broadcast program, Sorong city. The method used is qualitative. Data were collected through documentation, interviews, observations, and literature. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed to get a conclusion. The results showed that LPP RRI Sorong City organized 8 (eight) Islamic Da'wah (SDI) broadcast programs. Furthermore, the problems that arise in the implementation of broadcast programs are pretty diverse, including 1) the consistency of the SDI program participant group, 2) the schedule of the presenter's changes, 3) the discipline of the presenters in filling the event, 4) the budget is inadequate, 5) the competence of the creative team, and 6) development and presence of competitors. Therefore, excellent and competitive management is needed in providing quality and professional broadcast services.

Anti-Colonial Struggles on Air

Indigenous activists globally have used radio broadcast to directly challenge authority within colonial regimes. How has this use of sound by Indigenous activists advanced anti-colonial struggles? I analyze how Indigenous social actors use the medium of broadcast to draw sound into the social practice of anti-colonial struggle. I use two historical examples of anti-colonial radio programming: The Voice of Free Algeria, a program broadcast during the Algerian War for Independence from 1954 to 1962, and Radio Free Alcatraz, a program broadcast during the Indigenous-led occupation of the island of Alcatraz off the coast of California from 1969 to 1971. I find that in both anti-colonial struggles, the broadcasting process disrupted the colonial soundscape in three main ways. First, in recentering Indigenous voices as protagonists, the broadcasts decentered the dominant narrative of colonial powers. This perspectival shift threatened the existing order of non-Indigenous residents as the authorial voice. Second, in circumventing the state to air these two programs, the broadcasters rejected state authority to define and restrict Indigenous voices. Third, in conspiring with non-Indigenous outsiders to air the programs, the practice of broadcasting Indigenous voices contributed to a broader movement-building process. This collaboration involved non-Indigenous and settler actors in anti-colonial struggle. By using a socio-sonic, production-oriented analysis as the framework for understanding Indigenous soundwork, we can better identify related mechanisms across anti-colonial struggles.

المؤثرات الاستهلاکیة وعلاقتها بالتوجه نحو التخطیط الاستراتیجی للدخل المالی للأسرة

ملخص البحث المؤثرات الاستهلاکية وعلاقتها بالتوجه نحو التخطيط الاستراتيجي للدخل المالي للأسرة يهدف البحث إلى دراسة المؤثرات الاستهلاکية وعلاقتها بالتوجه نحو التخطيط الاستراتيجي للدخل المالي للأسرة. وتکونت عينة البحث الأساسية من (220) ربة أسرة بمحافظات القاهرة والجيزة والقليوبية، بشرط أن يکون الزوج والزوجة في معيشة مشترکة ولا تقل مدة زواجهم عن 5 سنوات ولديهم أبناء ومن مستويات اجتماعية واقتصادية مختلفة وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وتم تطبيق الأدوات التالية: 1-استمارة البيانات العامة للأسرة .2- مقياس المؤثرات الاستهلاکية الأسرية ويتضمن مؤثرات . 3- مقياس التخطيط الاستراتيجي للدخل المالي للأسرة. وأسفرت نتائج الدراسة عن: -وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين أفراد عينة البحث الأساسية في تأثير المؤثرات الاستهلاکية الأسرية تبعا لمتغيرات البحث (مدة الحياة الزوجية – مستوى تعليم الزوجة – عمل الزوجة – حجم الأسرة – متوسط الدخل الشهري للأسرة) لصالح مدة الزواج الأقل والمستوى التعليمي الأعلى للزوجة ودخل الأسرة المرتفع عند مستويات دلالة (0,01). -وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين أفراد عينة البحث الأساسية في التخطيط الاستراتيجي للدخل المالي للأسرة تبعا لمتغيرات البحث لصالح مدة الزواج الأعلى، والمستوى التعليمي المرتفع للزوجة، والزوجة العاملة، والأسرة الأقل من(4) أفراد، ودخل الأسرة المرتفع عند مستويات دلالة (0,01)، و(0,05). -اختلاف نسبة مشارکة المتغيرات المستقلة في تفسير نسب التباين في المتغير التابع (التخطيط الاستراتيجي) تبعا لأوزان معاملات (الانحدار- ودرجة الارتباط) وفق الترتيب التالي المستوى التعليمي للزوجة بنسبة 83,5%، يليه متوسط الدخل الشهري الدخل المالي بنسبة 70%، وفي المرتبة الثالثة المؤثرات الاستهلاکية الاقتصادية الأسرة بنسبة 65,4%، وأخيرا المؤثرات الاستهلاکية التسويقية بنسبة 61,9%. ومن توصيات البحث: القيام بعمل لقاءات وندوات وبرامج تعرف بالمؤثرات الاستهلاکية والتعامل السليم معها، وکيفية الاستفادة منها وحث وسائل الاعلام على نشر برامج تحث على أهمية التخطيط الاستراتيجي للاستثمار المالي للأسرة. Abstract The consumption effects and their relationship with approaching the strategic planning of family’s financial income This research aims to study the consumption effects and their relationship with approaching the strategic planning of family’s financial income. The basic research sample comprised 220 housewives in the governorates of Cairo, Giza and Qalyubia, provided that the spouses are co-living at one home, their marriage period shall not be less than 5 years and have children and belong to different social and economic levels. The study used the analytical descriptive approach. The study applied the following tools: 1.Form of general data for family, 2.Scale of family consumption effects, including, 3.Scale of strategic planning for family’s financial income. The study concluded the following results:- There are statistically significant differences between the members of the basic research sample in the influence of family consumption effects according to the research variables (marriage period, wife’s education level, wife’s work, family size, place of residence, family's average monthly income), in favor of shorter marriage period, wife’s higher education level , and family’s higher income at the significance levels of (0,01). -There are statistically significant differences between the members of the basic research sample in the strategic planning of family’s financial income according to the research variables, in favor of longer marriage period, wife’s higher education level, working wife, family of less than (4) members, and family’s higher income at the significance levels of (0, 01), and (0,05). -The percentage of participation of the independent variables in the interpretation of the variance percentages in the dependent variable (strategic planning) varies according to the weights of the coefficients (regression - and the degree of correlation) according to the following order; wife’s education level which came in the first place by (83.5%), followed by the financial income which came in the second place by (70%), followed by family’s economic consumption effects which came in the third place by (65.4%), and eventually, the marketing consumption effects which came in the last place by (61.9%). Recommendations of the research: Conducting meetings, seminars and programs that show consumption effects and how to direct the consumer to deal positively with such effect, and Urging the media to broadcast programs underscoring the importance of strategic planning for family's financial investment.

Interaksi Pendengar dan Promosi Program Siaran Radio “Polemik Trijaya” di Twitter

The radio listener's comments and questions in weekend talk show broadcasting program entitled “Polemik Trijaya” were delivered via Twitter, which is also used to promote the program. This methodological study was determined to describe the broadcasting program's interaction and promotion in Twitter by studying the phenomenon in this research. The data was collected with interview, observation, and documentation techniques to be analyzed and concluded later on. It was found that the interactions used retweet and hashtag features, in which the hashtags used were specifically meant for the program topic which allows the interactions to continue even if the broadcasting program is ended. Twitter itself is an effective media to promote the “Polemik Trijaya” due to the promotional content that can be repackaged to be more interactive, the interactions are included in promotional content that can attract the interest of advertisers as a contributive element to the operational continuity of MNC Trijaya.

Interaksi Pendengar dan Promosi Program Siaran Radio “Polemik Trijaya” di Twitter

The radio listener's comments and questions in weekend talk show broadcasting program entitled “Polemik Trijaya” were delivered via Twitter, which is also used to promote the program. This methodological study was determined to describe the broadcasting program's interaction and promotion in Twitter by studying the phenomenon in this research. The data was collected with interview, observation, and documentation techniques to be analyzed and concluded later on. It was found that the interactions used retweet and hashtag features, in which the hashtags used were specifically meant for the program topic which allows the interactions to continue even if the broadcasting program is ended. Twitter itself is an effective media to promote the “Polemik Trijaya” due to the promotional content that can be repackaged to be more interactive, the interactions are included in promotional content that can attract the interest of advertisers as a contributive element to the operational continuity of MNC Trijaya.

A Functional Approach to Linguistic Problems in Islamic Subtitling

This study examines the linguistic challenges encountered in subtitling Islamic TV programs from Arabic to English. The formal and cultural discrepancies between the two languages cause some gaps in translation between them given their different lexical and grammatical systems. Linguistic features such as polysemy, semantic change, idioms as well as description of grammatical rules are common pitfalls that cause mistranslations in this area. These difficulties are further complicated by the space and time constraints which limit the amount of text shown on the screen and, thus, prevent the subtitler from clarifying ambiguous sections of the ST. Christian Nord’s functional translation-oriented text analysis model is employed to analyze a sample of four real-life examples taken from programs broadcast on Al-Arabiya Channel and Iqraa TV. Findings show that documentary translation is suitable for the problems of lexical complexity while instrumental translation can overcome the difficulties of translating idioms and description of Arabic grammar to English-speaking viewers. Besides, the strategies of omission, condensation and compensation seem to be a necessity together with creative adaptations to maximize the communicativeness of the subtitles.

Smart Director: An Event-Driven Directing System for Live Broadcasting

Live video broadcasting normally requires a multitude of skills and expertise with domain knowledge to enable multi-camera productions. As the number of cameras keeps increasing, directing a live sports broadcast has now become more complicated and challenging than ever before. The broadcast directors need to be much more concentrated, responsive, and knowledgeable, during the production. To relieve the directors from their intensive efforts, we develop an innovative automated sports broadcast directing system, called Smart Director, which aims at mimicking the typical human-in-the-loop broadcasting process to automatically create near-professional broadcasting programs in real-time by using a set of advanced multi-view video analysis algorithms. Inspired by the so-called “three-event” construction of sports broadcast [ 14 ], we build our system with an event-driven pipeline consisting of three consecutive novel components: (1) the Multi-View Event Localization to detect events by modeling multi-view correlations, (2) the Multi-View Highlight Detection to rank camera views by the visual importance for view selection, and (3) the Auto-Broadcasting Scheduler to control the production of broadcasting videos. To our best knowledge, our system is the first end-to-end automated directing system for multi-camera sports broadcasting, completely driven by the semantic understanding of sports events. It is also the first system to solve the novel problem of multi-view joint event detection by cross-view relation modeling. We conduct both objective and subjective evaluations on a real-world multi-camera soccer dataset, which demonstrate the quality of our auto-generated videos is comparable to that of the human-directed videos. Thanks to its faster response, our system is able to capture more fast-passing and short-duration events which are usually missed by human directors.

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PROGRAM “WARNA-WARNI PERKASA” DI RADIO PERKASA FM TULUNGAGUNG

AbstractThis study examines the communication strategy is a communication planning guide. The success of a broadcasting company is supported by the quality of human resources who work on the radio. The programs served by radio stations are very diverse, including information programs and entertainment programs. Radio broadcast programs are programs that are served to explain the latest information on various topics that are around the community. Mass media, such as radio, has a communication strategy structure so that people who listen to the radio can always be heard. Currently, media such as radio is increasingly being eroded by the domination of other media. So that to maintain this number of listeners, a communication strategy is needed, to get an increase in the quality of broadcasters and to increase the interest of listeners.

Il rumore delle onde

Abstract This essay addresses the relations between Pius XII and Germany at the beginning of his pontificate through the role of Vatican Media, especially Vatican Radio. During the interwar period, the Vatican media system (media ensemble) underwent major transformations, including the creation of a radio broadcasting station in 1931. Pacelli was one of the main agents of these improvements: as Secretary of State supporting Guglielmo Marconi’s project, as Pope through his extensive use of the mass media at his disposal, from radio to cinema. At the end of the 30s the difficult diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the Third Reich also had an impact on mass media, as shown by the election of Pacelli in March 1939. The role of Vatican Radio in Vatican diplomacy towards Nazi Germany was already clear during the events surrounding the Anschluss in 1938 and it became a tool for unofficial communication to convey more explicit stances on the regime during World War II. The same strategy was employed during the Option in Südtirol in 1939, when Catholics were able to deliver anti-Nazi propaganda thanks in part to radio in the attempt to avoid the voluntary resettlement of German-speaking Italian citizens from the area. The Holy See maintained a neutral position throughout the events, but at the same time Vatican Radio broadcast programmes in German about the condition of the Catholic Church under the Nazi regime. These broadcasts supported the efforts especially of the Archbishop of Trento Celestino Endrici and his clergy, who opposed the resettlement. Once again Vatican Radio proved a crucial tool for conveying unofficial communications while maintaining the neutral stance typical of the Holy See‘s foreign policy.

Preventive Patterns of Housewives in Preventing Anxiety as the Impact of Watching Television Movie

During the COVID-19 pandemic, watching television is an alternative choice for entertainment at home. Because activities outside the home are limited. One of the entertainments that are requested by women is television films or soap operas completed in one run. The television film that has the highest rating is Voice of the Wife's Heart which is currently airing on the Indosiar television station. Housewives or career women who work at home (work from home) really like the one-off soap opera, Suara Hati Istri (SHI). Stories that contain the concerns of women, especially housewives, have managed to attract attention, so the show has a high rating. Television films or so-called soap operas, which air every day on the Indosiar television station, raise conflicts and problems in the household. The specific purpose of this research is to see how the preventive pattern of housewives in preventing anxiety as a result of watching television movies. In determining the sample, which is used in this study is Multistage Random Sampling. The sample selection technique uses the Slovin formula approach. The number of samples in this study was 400 people. The subject of this study involved housewives who had watched soap operas the voice of their wives' hearts for the past 1 year. The results showed that the preventive pattern of housewives in preventing anxiety as a result of watching television can be seen from several aspects. First, the participation of children in watching this program, children are not allowed to watch. This can result in children being able to imitate scenes both messages and behavior seen on the Suara Hati Istri FTV program, both contents were delivered by the actor on the Suara Hati Istri FTV broadcast. This can have a negative effect on family life. This requires educational education in preventing anxiety caused by broadcast programs.

지상파 방송프로그램에 재현된 자기통치 공간으로서의 서울 : 재현 공간으로서의 대도시와 각자도생(各自圖生)하는 청년들

<경성 판타지>와 <그곳에 청년이 산다>는 서울의 이미지와 현실에 주목하는 방송 콘텐츠이다. 이들은 청년들의 삶과 일상, 특히 ‘주거’와 관련한 내용을 중심으로 이야기를 풀어낸다. 울산 MBC에서 방영되었던 <경성 판타지>는 지방에 거주하는 사람들의 서울 판타지와 여행을 그려낸다. 이 콘텐츠는 글로벌 대도시 ‘서울’을 꿈과 희망이 존재하는 ‘판타지’적인 도시로 재현함과 동시에 그 이면을 함께 보여준다. 도시현실에 대한 복합적 재현은 EBS의 다큐프라임 <그곳에 청년이 산다>에서도 나타난다. 이 프로그램은 주거권을 제대로 보장받지 못한 청년들을 등장시켜 서울에서 자취하는 개인들의 현실적인 삶에 대해 조명한다. 이 두 프로그램은 한국의 도시, 서울을 특정한 방식으로 서술하고 있다는 점에서 유사한 지점이 있다.<BR>특히, 도시와 청년들의 꿈을 일련의 연계된 이미지로 재현하고 있다는 점, 그리고 그 현실을 전면적으로 드러낸다는 점에서 그러하다. 그런데 이러한 부분은 공간이 신자유주의의 모순을 은폐하는 담론으로 이용되는 지점과 그 점이 수용자에게 통치 기제로 작동하게 되는 과정을 담고 있다. 이 글에서는 상상적 이미지를 구현해내는 <경성 판타지>, 서울이라는 공간과 청년들의 삶에 대해 사실적으로 그려낸 <그곳에 청년이 산다>를 통해 미디어가 구성하는 서울의 이미지, 그것이 직조하는 사회적 상상과 그 이면의 현실에 대해 비판적으로 분석하고자 하였다.<BR>이 연구는 두 프로그램에 대한 텍스트 분석과 함께 2030세대 시청자들의 심층 인터뷰를 병행함으로써 조밀한 현실 사회 속 도시의 기능과 주체의 실천에 관한 논의를 다루고자 하였다. 특히, 앙리 르페브르와 데이빗 하비의 재현 공간과 관계적 공간이라는 개념적 틀을 활용하여 이를 풀어내고자 하였다. 일상성의 모순을 망각하게 하는 도시의 특성 및 신자유주의와 공간에 대한 이들의 성찰적 논의가 신자유주의 발달에 영향을 받은 서울이라는 도시의 기능과 영향을 설명하는 데에 있어 적절하다고 판단하였기 때문이다. 이들의 논의는 서울을 판타지적인 공간으로 재현하는 것과 사회의 구조적 모순을 잊게 하는 과정을 분석하는 데에 유용한 관찰점을 제시해줄 수 있을 것이다.

Strategi bisnis lembaga penyiaran lokal pt bali ranadha televisi (bali tv)

Based on the KPID Bali website in 2020, PT Bali Ranadha Televisi is the first and only private local television broadcasting institution in Bali Province that is still active and persists in broadcasting local programs. The agency established a local television broadcasting station called Bali TV. The purpose of this study is to determine the business strategy of the local broadcaster PT Bali Ranadha Televisi. This qualitative research uses Niche Theory Analysis in Media Ecology. The results of this study are: 1) There are 6 types of local broadcast program content on Bali TV, 2) The target of audiences are from children to adults, 3) The capital used by Bali TV is human resources (HR), income from production costs of broadcast programs, advertising revenues, broadcast programs, and additional off-air programs, 4) Bali TV is referred to as a generalist media because it has various sources of life support.

Determinants of consumption for regional sports network programming: an examination of inheritance effects, lead-in, lead-out, and game viewership

ABSTRACT The financial health of major North American professional sports franchises is closely tied to Regional Sports Networks. These networks purchase local market broadcast rights from franchises and then create sequenced pre-game and post-game show content bookending each live contest. Despite the financial importance of Regional Sports Networks, no study has empirically examined the drivers of viewership for this sequential content. We create a sample of sequenced pre-game show, game broadcast, and post-game show ratings and uncover statistically significant audience carryover from each broadcast to the next. We also demonstrate substantial variance in the viewership determinants for each live program, suggesting viewers have different consumption preferences for each program type. We further illustrate that local team performance relative to expectations significantly impacts ratings for the subsequent non-adjacent pre-game show broadcast. The results are crucial to broadcast rights valuation, advertising values, and programming strategy.

The Inappropriateness of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) with Learner’s Goals: A Need Analysis on Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Program

The course of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is supposed to prepare students for the professional sector, yet the course at IAIN Palopo in Indonesi is designed in general English without any professional input or assessment of the learner's needs. This research is motivated by the Communication and Islamic Broadcasting program students’ complaints of unsatisfaction with the course since it does not meet their needs. This research aims to examine the English needs of students studying in the communication and Islamic broadcasting program. The researchers used a mixed-methods strategy that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative research. The participants in this study were 60 undergraduates and 30 graduate students. Data was gathered through questionnaires and interviews. The data was then analyzed using the comprehensive concept of need analysis proposed by Dudley-Evans &amp; St. John (1998). The results revealed that the majority of students learn English to help them advance in their careers. Their top priority in ESP is to improve their speaking skills, followed by listening, reading, and writing. Due to the repetitive learning method, inappropriate textbook, and short duration, according to the interview results, the students were also unsatisfied with the present ESP course.

REALITAS LITERASI MEDIA PADA IBU-IBU JAMAAH MAJELIS TAKLIM NURUL HIKMAH, DESA TANJUNG KARANG, CIGALONTANG, TASIKMALAYA, JAWA BARAT

Impressions program broadcast media were more varied, especially the entertainment program demanding society audience should have the ability to screen a wide range of entertainment programs such content. The reality is not so, is not proportional between variety program and the community's ability to filter information which may enter into her mind. This is especially seen in public audiences in rural areas. As stated by Nielsen Media Research that the majority of the audience in Indonesia is a community social economic status C and D, where their ability to seek more entertainment through a private television station. While their ability to sort out the entertainment program content can not be said to be feasible. The Research method used is descriptive qualitative research. Through this research, the researcher tries photographing reality lack the ability of mothers touched Majelis Taklim Nurul Hikmah, Tanjung Karang Village, Cigalontang, Tasikmalaya, West Java during the first month, which is the period of May 29 to June 26, 2018. Additionally depth interviews were conducted that research subjects 30 mothers touched Majelis Taklim Nurul Hikmah. The results of the research findings that the ability of mothers in sorting, filtering content impressions entertainment program is minimal, so with various limitations, the mothers can not provide assistance to the children or their grandchildren when watching television programs, especially the entertainment program.

Effectiveness of Radio Gema Edukasi Broadcast Program on The Improvement of Student Learning Outcomes in Public High Schools of Bandar Lampung During Covid-19 Pandemic Period

The reasearch aims to analyse the effectiveness of Auditory Intellectual Repetition learning model based radio broadcast program on News Items learning material to students of grade twelve public senior high school in Bandar Lampung during Covid-19 pandemic period. The research was conducted in November 2020-April 2021 via online learning to 32 students of SMA Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung that represented 17 Public Senior high schools in the city of Bandar Lampung. The evaluation of the experimental study was conducted by using test apparatus through Google Form questionnaires. Professionals in design, media, and materials were involved in order to evaluate the quality of the learning media. The validity evaluation of each test questions is done by using Pearson Product Moment formula. The reliability was examined with Chi Square formula. Hypothesis was tested by using non parametric statistic of Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Certain adjustment needed to be made due to the current situation of Covid-19 pandemy. One of it is the way the researchers collect the data from the research subjects. Pre-test and post-test experimental design is used for the study. The result had given different scores on the pre-test and post-test finding with the post test scores exceeded of that in the pre-test. The test result of the hypothesys indicated differences on the effectivity of the students? study output after using the Auditory Intellectual Repetition study model based radio program by radio Gema Edukasi in Bandar Lampung. The N-Gain calculation had indicated a high effectiveness. This had shown that Radio Gema Edukasi broadcast was effective to increase the study output of auditive students in public senior high schools in the city of Bandar Lampung.

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMS PRESENTED BY THE LOCAL RADIO IN DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS FOR FARMERS IN MATROUH GOVERNORATE

This study drives at identifying the role of the radio programs broadcast on Matrouh Radio in developing environmental awareness among farmers in the study area; identifying as well, the degree to which the respondents can benefit from these programs, and defining the studied obstacles may encounter the radio programs in carrying out their role. This study significance is crystallized in the fact that the results it yields will benefit in developing agricultural and environmental programs and achieving more efficiency and effectiveness for this program through those in charge of the media authority and the production of scientific material consistent with the actual needs of farmers in the study area. This study belongs to the descriptive studies, as the researchers use the analytical and field survey method by analyzing the content of three radio programs during a three-month radio session (November and December 2019, and January 2020) using a content analysis form, in addition to surveying a sample of (400) items of farmers from Matrouh who listen to the radio. The study applies a questionnaire form to identify the impact of radio programs on those people’s environmental awareness. The study is summed up by several results, the most important of which are: There is a relationship between the respondents 'dependence on local radio and their level of environmental awareness. There is also a relationship between the volume of respondents' exposure to agricultural topics in local radio and the achievement of their cognitive and emotional effects, while no environmental behavioral effects have been achieved. There are differences between the respondents according to their demographic variables (Education level – the socio-economic level) in their level of environmental awareness. The study recommends the necessity of increasing the number and time span of environmental programs; so that, the contacting person can present his environmental problem in all its aspects and focus on its resolve.

An analysis of the effects and perception whilst using EBS English broadcasting programs

The present study aims to analyze the effects and perception whilst using EBSe (EBS English) broadcasting programs in order to seek the improvement and development plans of EBSe. The survey was comprised of three main categories targeting students, parents, teachers, and the general public who have used EBSe programs. A total of 3,971 cases were collected as valid examples of the survey. The analysis of the survey data revealed that the learners mostly used EBSe programs as an addition to their classroom-based English education. In addition, most of the participants were highly satisfied with the use of EBSe programs. Lastly, the participants’ perception with regard to goal achievement and social effectiveness of EBSe programs were shown to be positive in the following four major objectives: enhancement of public English education, reducing the cost of private education, narrowing the gap of English education between different social classes and regions, and creating an environment of English education that has no time and space restrictions. In consideration of the current lack of English learning hours in the public English education system, proper change of the English education seems to be necessary using EBS English broadcasting programs for balanced improvement of the learners’ English ability.