Brazilian Criminal Justice Research Articles

Justiça Criminal e Justiça Restaurativa: possibilidades de ruptura com a lógica burocrático-retribucionista

In this article, the authors’ proposal is to analyze the logic of the criminal justice operation and the possibilities for its change. For such analysis, studies of Max Weber on modern organizations and their bureaucratic and rational character are used, as well as the criticism leveled by the sociology of organizations theorists and Weber’s perception of modern law as a bureaucratic rational-legal organization. Specifically regarding criminal justice, some results of a research conducted in the 1990s by Luis Flávio Sapori about the Brazilian criminal justice operation are used, together with some penal abolitionists’ considerations on the bureaucratic logic of criminal justice. Such analyzes, while read with the diagnosis of criminal justice’s permanent crisis, mainly based on Michel Foucault’s studies, results in a proposal for breaking down the bureaucratic and retribucionist logic of criminal justice system, through the use of restorative justice.

O Sistema Processual Penal brasileiro Acusatório, misto ou inquisitório?

This article discusses the criminal procedural system and the preliminary investigation in the Brazilian criminal justice system, utilizing the contributions from the social sciences and the more progressive doctrine of the criminal procedure in relation to the subject. The intention is to add the approach of Michel Misse and Roberto Kant de Lima to a discussion that usually is strictly dogmatic, enriching it with other perspectives of interpretation. Regarding the criminal procedure, the authors employed in this article are Aury Lopes Jr., Salo de Carvalho and Jacinto Nelson de Miranda Coutinho. The methodology employed was the analysis of literature relevant to the problem at hand. The conclusion is that the Brazilian system is in reality an inquisitorial system, as the legal provisions are, in practice, suffering from deformation.

A imagem, o som e a fúria: a representação da violência no documentário brasileiro

Nos últimos trinta anos, a violência urbana no Brasil atingiu níveis inéditos em sua história. O tema, que vem sendo abordado por diversos setores da sociedade, não foi ignorado pelo cinema brasileiro. O propósito deste artigo é discutir algumas questões levantadas pelo documentário brasileiro contemporâneo sobre esse dado complexo de nossa realidade. Para tanto, foram escolhidos como objetos de análise as seguintes realizações: Notícias de uma guerra particular (João Moreira Salles e Kátia Lund - 1998/1999), Ônibus 174 (José Padilha - 2002), Justiça (Maria Augusta Ramos - 2004) e Falcão: meninos do tráfico (MV Bill e Celso Athayde - 2006). Essas obras expõem o impacto da violência na sociedade brasileira de ângulos distintos: o tráfico de drogas e seu efeito na vida das pessoas envolvidas direta ou indiretamente com ele (Notícias e Falcão), a justiça criminal brasileira e seus personagens: advogados, juízes, acusados e seus familiares (Justiça) e a violência como desenraizamento (Ônibus 174).

Análise comparada do fluxo do sistema de justiça para o crime de estupro

The current article is intended to demonstrate the advantages of prioritizing an analysis of court caseload processing for a given type of crime and proceeding to a comparison of the results obtained from empirical studies in different countries. The article draws on a study I performed on rape cases tried by the court system in Campinas, Sao Paulo State, and the study by Gary LaFree on rape cases in the United States, based on data in Indianapolis, Indiana. The comparative analysis of determinants of victims' and law enforcement agencies' decisions concerning the pursuit of legal action proved to be productive, even when comparing two different systems of justice. This allowed greater knowledge of how the Brazilian criminal justice system operates, both in its capacity to identify, try, and punish sex offenders, and in terms of the importance it ascribes to formal legal rules in trying rape cases, in comparison to the American criminal justice system.

Direitos civis e Direitos Humanos: uma tradição judiciária pré-republicana?

O tema deste artigo está centrado na justiça criminal no Brasil, buscando demonstrar que as relações entre modelos repressivos de controle social, formas inquisitoriais de produção da verdade jurídica e desigualdade jurídica formam um todo coerente em nossa justiça criminal, embora contrário à ordem republicana explícita do Estado brasileiro contemporâneo.