Use Of Body Language Research Articles

BAHASA TUBUH PEREMPUAN DALAM IKLAN KOSMETIKA DI TELEVISI ( SEBUAH ANALISIS WACANA)

<em>In the era of liberalization that characterized the television media with comodification various impressions to attract viewers, in many ways carried on various kinds of impressions displayed. No exception impressions cosmetic ads which in practice is clearly a lot of exploiting women's body language to attract the audience that they ultimately want to use the products offered. Cosmetics with herbs ad exploits women's bodies are often ignored ethics, especially related to KPI P3SPS and cultural and religious views of society and the rights of adolescents and women. The impact is certainly there was a negative. For that research using discourse analysis techniques to examine the use of body language in women's cosmetics advertisements on television to be attractive for the study. The goal is clear to see how the exploitation of women's body language in advertisements on television cosmetics. Through discourse analysis method of recording by cosmetics ads on television, and then analyzed by discourse analysis, it can be concluded that, of cosmetics advertisements on television were likely to utilize and exploit the perfect female body , in order to reach an audience sympathetic to using products that offered them. Unfortunately, the exploitation of women's body language in the cosmetics ads, less attention to ethical and religious views of the majority of Muslims in Indonesia, so the ad tend ignore the interests of general public and particularly children, adolescents, and women themselves.</em>

Therapists’ experiences of alliance formation in short-term counselling

While therapeutic alliance formation has been widely researched over many sessions of psychotherapy, the question of alliance formation in short-term counselling has been less explored. Given the increasing evidence in the literature for the positive impact of alliances on therapy outcomes, providing counsellors – who may work with clients for a limited number of sessions – with enhanced insight into alliance formation will be of value. This qualitative study investigated the experiences of eight counsellors forming alliances with clients over short periods. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Five major themes emerged, that while congruent with the alliance literature, add some details relevant to day-to-day practice. These themes included: the importance of strong alliances; the need for psychologically comfortable environments; the timing of alliance formation; and the impact of counsellor personal qualities – such as being real – in strengthening and maintaining alliances. In addition, an unexpected sixth theme revealed that body language was highly valued as an indicator of strong or weak alliances. Implications for increasing the use of body language to enhance counselling practice and education are discussed.

Body Language Using Skills of Teacher Candidates from Departments of Mathematics Education and Social Studies Education

This study aimed to examine if there was a difference between elementary education mathematics teacher candidates and social studies teacher candidates in their use of body language. The study was carried out in the 2012-2013 academic year with 82 teacher candidates studying at the Departments of Mathematics Education and Social Studies Education of the Education Faculty, Uludag University. With the aim of collecting data, the “Body Language Questionnaire (BLQ)” developed by benefiting from the questionnaire developed by Bağcı (2008) with the aim of collecting data from students about their teachers’ using body language was used. The developed questionnaire was composed of 21 items. In the statistical analyses of the data obtained through administering the BLQ to the participants, independent samples t-test was used. It was found that the teachers’ use of body language did not differ according to their gender. However, a significant difference was found between the mathematics education teacher candidates’ and the social studies education teacher candidates’ use of body language. This difference was in favor of the social studies teacher candidates. While they thought using body language was necessary, the mathematics education teacher candidates felt doubtful about using body language.

SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ İLETİŞİM SORUNLARI KONUSUNDA KENDİLERİNİ DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ

The purpose of this research is to identify the communication problems of prospective social studies teachers. Opinions of 119 prospective teachers enrolled at the Firat University Faculty of Education Program of Social studies Education in the spring semester of 2013-2014 academic year were asked within the research in which the qualitative research method was applied. A data collection tool composed of open ended questions was used in the research. Data was analyzed through use of content analysis. According to the research findings, among the problems arising from the prospective teachers themselves; having difficulty in verbal expressions, being not understood or misunderstanding and being unable to make good use of body language; and among the problems arising from the other party were not listening, being unable to make good use of body language and disrespect were listed.

ルサージュの初期作品にみるアルルカンの表象

This paper aims to explain the features and uniqueness of Harlequin (Arlequin) in Lesage’s 1713 fair theater: Arlequin, roi de Serendib, performed at the fair St. Germain; Arlequin Thétis, performed at the fair St Laurent; and Arlequin invisible, performed at the fair St. Laurent. During the early eighteenth-century, performances at the fairs of Paris were very popular. The Commedia dell’arte’s characters, especially Harlequin, took center stage in these performances. When Lesage wrote these three plays, speaking parts were prohibited on stage at fairs. Under these circumstances Lesage presented silent drama in which the audience sings the words that should be said by actors. So, in three plays written in this form, the corporality is particularly emphasized, and it is Harlequin that has a particularly important role. Traditionally, the body language is one of the most important elements of this character; furthermore, in this period, Harlequin’s image, nature, and gestures are shared by the audience: common codes function during performance. By using effectively Harlequin’s well-known character and gestures, Lesage tries to create his own silent drama in a difficult and particular condition for playwrights. In Lesage’s three works, Harlequin moves around freely in a fantasy world influenced by Italian comedy performed in seventeenth-century Paris. Traditional features of this character (gluttony, greed, lust for women) are adroitly integrated into each story. In all cases, Lesage’s Harlequin concentrates on mimes each action, because he cannot say anything meaningful on stage: In this situation, the audience concentrates intensely on his mimic function. By combining the well-known commedia gestures (lazzi) and traditional plot features of Harlequin, Lesage creates his own world, which pivots on corporality. In the official theater of eighteenth-century France, Harlequin becomes more “human,” but Lesage’s works demonstrate that this character appears differently at the fair because of his use of body language. Lesage’s attempt in his early career has not been considered outstanding work when compared to form his opéra-comiques later in the century. Yet his early works are important from the perspective of the development of body language and pantomime—important features of later eighteenth-century drama. His experiment in this particular theatrical form is only temporary, yet his efforts influence later popular theater, and especially nineteenth-century theater in France. Lesage’ss Harlequin only appears at “non-official” places, but he still plays an important role in the history of French theater.

Employment of Body Language in Television Advertising An Analytical Study of Al-Hayat TV Commercials (The Egyptian Series as a Model)

Whatever the designers of the advertisement in choosing the text and spoken phrases, those phrases cannot give or convey the full meaning to the recipient only if this spoken and written language is reinforced with another language based on the signals, movements, and symbols that are displayed using the body or other artistic elements of the advertisement such as pictures, colors, music, effects, and other elements used in the artistic construction of television advertising. All these artistic elements contribute to the completion of the advertising idea and make it ready to be displayed to the public. Scientists and researchers, in the field of psychology, have relied a lot on this language (body language). And some of them put many interpretations and variety of every movement and every signal made by human beings. Non-verbal language has become very important to know the personality of the human, and how to think. Moreover, this kind of language expresses deeply hidden feelings. The number of these movements, which those scientists and researchers interpreted, have reached to (130) movements carried out by man without uttering a word to what he wants to say. Advertisers and designers did not hesitate to rely on this language in presenting their advertising idea. Some of the ads, though, are sometimes devoid of verbal language and only refer to the language of silence. Yet, they proved their success in delivering what they want to deliver to the public. From this point of view, the researchers in this field decided to find out the extent of using this language in television advertisements based on the survey method, which is the appropriate method to describe the phenomenon (the subject of the research). They, in addition, used the content analysis method. The two researchers designed an analysis form that included sub-categories of all comprehensive movements of the body, head, limbs, and the body in general. The two researchers have reached important results, the most important of which are: Al-Hayat TV series focused on the use of body language in its advertisements, believing in the impact of this language on the recipient to reach the speed of response. The head category was the highest rate used in most ads of the channel because it includes other parts face, eyebrows, nose, ear, and mouth. All these perform a specific language that supports the verbal language. Beverage ads get the highest percentage in the use of body language. The superiority of the physical language over the verbal language in the ads of the channel during the recording period of the sample.

Care of minor injuries

The RCN Learning Zone is a FREE online service to help RCN members with their continuing professional development and professional portfolio management. The RCN Learning Zone is available at www.rcn.org.uk/members/learningzone.php This practice profile is based on NS627 Gloster A, Ganley L (2012) Care of patients with minor injuries. Nursing Standard. 26, 21, 50-57. I work as a first aid trainer, predominantly for childcare providers. The article has increased my knowledge about communication and effective methods to use when taking a history from a casualty who may be upset and frightened. I feel I am now better equipped to teach first aiders effective communication using the mnemonic SOLER (S = face the other person squarely; O = adopt an open posture; L = lean towards the other; E = maintain good eye contact; R = relax). This helps the first aider to communicate in a holistic and considerate manner. Alongside the Calgary-Cambridge consultation model, this mnemonic will ensure a detailed history can be taken from the injured person. Open questioning should enable the casualty to express concerns and closed questioning should pinpoint the actual problem, while mirroring body language can increase rapport. Childcare workers regularly deal with a wide range of minor injuries and they should be able to assess the situation quickly and calmly while administering first aid. They also have to consider the emotional aspects of the accident and anxiety of the child’s friends, parents or carers. Effective communication is essential to be able to fulfil the first aid role. With preschool-aged children, the use of body language and ability to read it is often more important than the actual words spoken. I now include a short session on what different postures can demonstrate. The section on physical examination was useful as a reminder about the similarities and differences between sprains and fractures. The management of pain in first aid is sometimes difficult due to limitations of this role, so correct use of support, ice, compression and elevation is vital.

Integrating body language movements in augmented reality learning environment

AbstractDue to excessive use of computer and other low activity learning systems in many schools the physical health status of young students is deteriorating at an alarming rate throughout the world and more seriously in Taiwan upon recent national survey. We address this growing global problem with student learning process in mind in this study we examine making a better use of information technology in virtual really under our new augmented reality (AR) enhanced learning method. Under our AR design/approach we make use of body language by integrating learners' interactions with the computer in their learning based set of physical activities in a way that the effectiveness of the method/technique increases their academic performance through a preference selectivity system. Our results collected from in-school extensive experiments and analysis of the results using recently developed seven multimedia learning subscale factors show that those students who begin with more challenging preferences show more interest and also they gain significantly more in their academic achievements than others.

A Comparative Study of Native and Non-native Body Language: The Case of Americans’ Kinesics vs. Persian English Speakers

Body language is considered as one of the most fundamental components of communication. Many factors including culture, gender, age, and psyche can affect the use of body language among different people. However, related literature shows that culture and gender are more effective in causing variability of kinesics. This study is an attempt to examine the effect of these two factors on the nonverbal behavior of Persian EFL learners. In other words, the research investigates the differences between Persian students and native speakers of English in using body language. A total of 80 (40 males/40 females) Persian students of English (from Payame Noor University of Tehran) participated in this study. The subjects were observed against a checklist by two trained raters on different body language instances. Three Chi-square analyses were employed to analyze the results. The findings of the study revealed that there was no significant difference between Persian EFL students and American native speakers of English in terms of using kinesics. Moreover, it was found that there was no significant difference between Persian male and female students of English in using body language. However, it was observed that Persian EFL learners use more facial expressions than gestures in their communications.

Persuasive Visual: Body Language and Semantic Relationship Patterns in Press Commercials

Contemporary popular culture is closely related to visual communication and its standing out phenomenon – advertising. Theorists and various researchers agree about the impact commercials have on individuals, economics, and culture. However, the question, why advertising is so effective even when the message receivers are aware of the deliberate intentions of these communicative items, still has no clear answer. Nationwide it has not been researched yet. The aim of this article is to find out semantic patterns of body language that function as communicative strategies while consuming visual discourse. The semiotic analysis is applied as the research method of commercials. Advertisements from the press that cover women and men magazines, professional and entertainment publications, and national as well as international editions are investigated. Five-year period samples allow to present universal body language use and human body depiction classifications. The main conclusion is that body in visual discourse of commercials is reduced to the instrument of persuasion: body figures simultaneously generate the meaning of the message and inscribe certain values. Because of this constant figurative overshadow and overlap of discursive levels of utterance and annunciation the offering of prescribed benefits and pleasures is so simple and so effective. Keywords: annunciation, advertisement, advertising, body, body language, commercial, decoding, discourse, encoding, meaning, model, pattern, persuasion, press, relationship, semiotics, sense, slogan, strategy, utterance, value, visual.

The Morbidity and Mortality Conference: A Unique Opportunity for Teaching Empathic Communication

The morbidity and mortality conference is an educational tradition in American medicine that dates to the early 20th century. Traditionally, this conference has focused entirely on issues of diagnosis and treatment, in the context of a disappointing clinical outcome. We report on a new method for teaching empathic doctor-patient communication skills at an obstetrics and gynecology morbidity and mortality conference. For each case presented, we identified the communications challenges and allowed faculty and residents to "practice" the discussion they would have with the patient and the patient's family in that situation. In some sessions, actors assumed the role of the patient. Following the discussion of the case, we offered didactic presentations on how we communicate with patients and their families. These focused on techniques for being patient centered and included the use of body language, open-ended questioning, reflective listening before offering to explain, and the importance of naming and validating emotions. The majority of participants felt the sessions to be helpful, and after one month many were able to identify a positive change in their interactions with patients. We believe that this unique teaching format allows learners to refine their communication skills in the context of situations that they know to be both realistic and important.

Medication communication: a concept analysis

This paper is a report of a concept analysis of medication communication with a particular focus on how it applies to nursing. Medication communication is a vital component of patient safety, quality of care, and patient and family engagement. Nevertheless, this concept has been consistently taken-for-granted without adequate analysis, definition or clarification in the quality and patient safety literature. A literature search was undertaken using bibliographic databases, internet search engines, and hand searches. Literature published in English between January 1988 and June 2009 was reviewed. Walker and Avant's approach was used to guide the concept analysis. Medication communication is a dynamic and complex process. Defining attributes consider who speaks, who is silent, what is said, what aspects of medication care are prioritized, the use of body language in conversations, and actual words used. Open communication occurs if there is cooperation among individuals in implementing plans of care. Antecedents involve environmental influences such as ward culture and geographical space, and sociocultural influences such as beliefs about the nature of interactions. Consequences involve patient and family engagement in communication, evidence of appropriate medication use, the frequency and type of medication-related adverse events, and the presence of medication adherence. Empirical referents typically do not reflect specific aspects of medication communication. This concept analysis can be used by nurses to guide them in understanding the complexities surrounding medication communication, with the ultimate goal of improving patient safety, quality of care, and facilitating patient and family engagement.

Residencias terapeuticas: experiencia dos residentes de saude mental do programa da universidade do estado da Bahia ( Therapeutic residency : the experience of mental health residents at the state university of Bahia )

The present paper is the outcome of the experience of residents of the multi professional residency program from the Mental Health Nucleus at the University of the State of Bahia (UNEB), specifi cally in the residency program in therapeutics, implemented in the health district of Itapagipe, Salvador, Bahia. The experience began at the Center for Psychosocial Healthcare (CAPS II) in the aforementioned district, which, in planning the actions to be developed, gave priority to the use of the residential program as a means of developing a strategy of care, since it was considered that an initiative of this type would successfully redefi ne the existence of the individual in the community. The main resources used in the process of approximating the actors involved included listening, bonding, and the use of body language, music and the streets. The experience gained from the residency program in therapeutics confi rmed that the initiative represents fertile ground for promoting citizenship and autonomy; however, the issue remains controversial in that various questions have been raised to which at present there are no answers. On the other hand, the experience is also revealing, since it constitutes a potential for reinventing the life of the individual while considering all the controversies raised during this strategy.

A comparison of sympathetic and conventional training methods on responses to initial horse training

In ‘sympathetic horsemanship’ the importance of the natural behaviour of the horse and the use of body language in communication is emphasised. However, it is unclear what effect sympathetic horsemanship has on the welfare of horses. During a 5-week starting period the effect of a sympathetic (ST) versus a conventional (CT) training method was studied using 28 young Warmblood horses. Behavioural observations during the starting period as well as during a standardised final riding test were performed by trained observers. A Wilcoxon matched-pair test was used to detect differences within groups, Mann-Whitney-U to test differences between groups, and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the effect on multiple variables simultaneously. A human-approach test showed that ST horses snorted significantly less compared to CT horses ( P = 0.006) after the training period. Furthermore, CT horses showed more fear and stress-related behaviours during training such as ‘body tension’ ( P < 0.001), ‘high head carriage’ ( P < 0.001), ‘lip movements’ ( P = 0.008) and ‘teeth grinding’ ( P = 0.03). Principal component analysis demonstrated that horses showed consistent differences in a range of behavioural and heart-rate parameters between groups. Behavioural parameters and technical performance during the standardised final riding test did not differ significantly between groups, but mean heart rate was higher for CT horses ( P < 0.001). The results suggest that applying a sympathetic training method when starting young horses did not compromise technical performance, but seemed to reduce stress during training compared to a conventional training method.

Acting out of habits – can Theatre of the Oppressed promote change? Boal's theatre methods in relation to Bourdieu's concept of habitus

Habits make everyday life manageable, but can also become obstacles and cause problems. The tendency to repeat old patterns of behaviour is a common problem for individuals and for society as a whole. Unreflexive habitual actions constitute an important aspect of social reproduction. In this article, two questions are addressed: Why is change so hard to achieve? Can Theatre of the Oppressed be used to promote change? A close reading of the French sociologist Bourdieu in relation to Boal's theatre methods is undertaken to answer these questions. Bourdieu's concept of habitus serves to explain the persistence of status quo; structural aspects are embedded in how we think and act, and are also inscribed in the body. These unconscious aspects of habitus are interesting in relation to theatre, where the conscious use of body language, inner dialogue and action are central. Looking at Boal's theatre methods in the light of Bourdieu's concept of habitus, Theatre of the Oppressed clearly has the potential to make social structures, power relations and individual habitus visible and, at the same time, provide tools to facilitate change. It is one of the few methods that offers an integrated approach to work on individual, group and social levels, and involves both the body and the mind. If the methods are practised according to the principles outlined by Boal, they can be used not only to become aware of, but also to expand, habitus. As participants describe effects on their attitudes and actions, do they make changes in their daily lives? Are there any long-term effects of Theatre of the Oppressed? The work of Boal and others is promising, but to answer those questions more evidence is needed.

The effectiveness of interventions in the prevention and management of aggressive behaviours in patients admitted to an acute hospital setting.

Review Question: This systematic review seeks to establish what is best practice in prevention and management of aggressive behaviours in patients admitted to an acute hospital setting. More specifically, the objectives are to identify; 1) What are the most effective interventions in the prevention of aggressive behaviours in patients admitted to an acute hospital setting? 2) What are the most effective interventions in the management of aggressive behaviours in patients admitted to an acute hospital setting? Inclusion Criteria: Types of participants: This review will consider studies that include adult patients admitted to an acute hospital setting who exhibit aggressive behaviours. Aggressive behaviours will include verbal abuse, non-verbal abuse, violent behaviours and assault. Types of interventions: All studies evaluating the following interventions will be considered for inclusion in the review: Administration of PRN prescribed medications Restraining Clinician behaviours including: - Verbal communication techniques - Use of body language - Prevention and recognition strategies (eg. use of risk assessment tools) - Staff attitudes and skills Environmental controls (eg. minimising light, noise and conversations) Setting of limits for patients to follow Increase in staff numbers Type of outcome (if any): This component of the review will consider studies that include the following outcomes: Aggressive behaviour Staff injuries Patients absconding Stress/anxiety levels among staff Patient injuries Length of hospital stay Early detection of aggressive behaviours

Group Counseling and Psychotherapy Across the Cultural Divide: The Case of Ethiopian Jewish Immigrants in Israel

Effective counseling across a cultural divide depends on adaptations or changes of technique to suit the particular intercultural circumstances. The concept of mutual creative space provides a guiding principle for therapists who wish to make such changes. This space is 'negotiated' between the therapist/counselor coming from the 'dominant/mainstream' group within society, and the group participants who arrive from another culture. Mutual creative space consists of the negotiation of power and a process of mutual invention, incorporating the creation, by therapist and participants, of something new that did not exist in either of their cultures of origin. A meaningful encounter and effective group counseling can take place following the negotiation of such a creative space. This is illustrated by the example of intercultural group work with Ethiopian Jewish immigrants in Israel, including an analysis of cultural characteristics of the Ethiopian group and specific ways of negotiating mutual creative space in this case. Issues discussed include: establishing trust in the cross cultural context; the use of body language and its interpretation; the psychologist as an authority figure; active participation vs. hidden learning; and working with dreams in such groups.