Body Fat Values Research Articles

Isotemporal substitution of physical activity patterns and sitting time with obesity indicators among workers in São Paulo

This study aimed to evaluate the association between substituting 10, 30, and 60 min/day of physical activity and sitting time with obesity indicators among workers. It is a cross-sectional study involving 394 adults (76.6% women) from São Paulo, Brazil. Physical activity and sitting time (min/day) were measured using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to determine physical activity levels. Obesity indicators included body mass index (BMI; kg/m²), waist circumference (cm), and body fat (kg). Isotemporal substitution models were analyzed using multivariate linear regression, adjusted for sociodemographic variables. Participants reported median values of 150.0 min/day (IQR: 60.0–360.0) for walking and 445.7 min/day (IQR: 317.1–565.7) for sitting time. The median values for BMI, waist circumference, and body fat were 27.1 kg/m², 91.0 cm, and 23.5 kg, respectively. Substituting 10 min/day of sitting time for 10 min/day of walking was associated with waist circumference (β: -0.216: 95% CI: -0.041; -0.007). In addition, substituting 60 min/day of sitting time for moderate physical activity (β -0.206; 95% CI: -0.123; -0.008) was negatively associated with body fat. The equivalent substitution of different periods of sitting time for more active behaviors was favorably associated with obesity indicators. These findings suggest that lifestyle interventions based on replacing sitting time with physical activity can reduce the obesity epidemic in adults.

Adiposity and inflammation markers explain mostly part of the plasma zonulin variation in Brazilian adults with overweight/obesity: A cross-sectional analysis from Brazilian nuts study.

This study evaluated intestinal permeability according to plasma zonulin and its association with adiposity, inflammation, cardiometabolic risk, liver function, and intestinal health markers in adults with overweight/obesity. This study is a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the Brazilian Nut Study, which involved 123 participants (93 women, age 33.2±8.58 years, BMI 33.9±4.30kg/m2). Subjects were divided into quartiles according to plasma zonulin, assessed by Elisa. Cytokines were assessed by flow cytometry; anthropometric measurements were collected by standard procedure and body composition was assessed by DXA. SCFA analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and fecal pH, by a pH meter. Linear regression models were performed (α<5%). Participants included in the last quartile of plasma zonulin had higher values of body fat (%), pro-inflammatory cytokines (CRP, IL-1). According to the multivariate regression model, each one-unit increased in body fat, CRP, IL-12p70, IL-6 and IL-8 resulted correspondingly in an increment of 0.42, 0.14, 0.192, 0.250 and 0.312ng/ml in plasma zonulin, respectively. Conversely, a one-unit decreased in IL-10 led to an increase of 0.40ng/ml in plasma zonulin. Intestinal permeability assessed by plasma zonulin is associated with adiposity, subclinical inflammation and reduced serum HDL levels adults with overweight/obesity, while adiposity and inflammation markers are independent factors for plasma zonulin variation.

Becoming a World Champion Powerlifter at 71Years of Age: It Is Never Too Late to Start Exercising.

This case study assessed body composition, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic health of the present female world champion powerlifter in the 70+ age category who started resistance exercise training at 63years of age with no prior experience with structured exercise training. Measures of body composition (magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning, leg volume); strength (one-repetition maximum leg press and extension, maximum voluntary contraction, and handgrip strength); physical function (short physical performance battery); cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption); and metabolic health (oral glucose tolerance test) were assessed. In addition, a muscle biopsy was collected to assess muscle fiber type distribution and cross-sectional area (CSA). Where possible, data were compared with previously (un)published sex- and age-matched data using z scores. Skeletal muscle mass index was calculated by dividing limb muscle mass by height squared. Data from the control groups are expressed as mean ± 95% confidence interval. Our participant (age: 71years; body mass: 64.5kg; body mass index: 27.6kg/m2) reported a good bone mineral density of 1.09g/cm2 (T score between -1 and +1) and very low values of abdominal and organ body fat (i.e.,between 20% and 70% lower compared with a reference group of postmenopausal women). In addition, she showed a 33% greater skeletal muscle mass index when compared with healthy, older female control subjects (7.9 vs. 5.9 [5.7-6.2] kg/m2; n = 61) as well as 37% greater muscle quadriceps CSA (63.8 vs. 46.6 [44.5-48.7] cm2; n = 48) and 46% greater Type II muscle fiber CSA (4,536 vs. 3,097 [2,707-3,488] μm2; n = 19). Absolute leg press muscle strength was 36% greater (190 vs. 140 [132-147] kg; n = 30) and handgrip strength was 33% greater (33 vs. 25 [23-26] kg; n = 48) when compared with healthy, age-matched controls. In conclusion, even for resistance exercise naïve individuals, starting exercise at an advanced age can lead to improvements in body composition and muscle strength allowing older adults to reduce the risk for developing metabolic syndrome, live independently, and even compete at a world class level.

Sex specific reference values for body fat among healthy adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Assessing body fat levels in particular groups is crucial, because excess body fat plays a significant role in various metabolic disorders. The purpose of the present study is to recognize optimal sex-specific reference values of percent body fat (PBF) in a healthy Iranian population using a statistical approach to normality. In this cross-sectional study, among the 7986 participants who had bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) data, after considering the exclusion criteria, 212 healthy individuals with the age of 20-30 years old (89 men and 123 women), with the lowest PBF values, were selected from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Height, weight, waist circumference, and PBF were obtained. Data of blood tests, including the lipid and glucose profiles, were also gathered. PBF was measured using a BIA. The relation between PBF and age was evaluated using second-degree regression models. Reference values for males and females were established considering the 95th percentile values of PBF for young reference groups. The lower values of body fat mass for men and women were 16.6 ± 4.9 and 31.1 ± 5.4 Kg, respectively and the age at the lower PBF was between 20 and 30 years. The cutoff points for PBF were 38.7% and 22.5% for women and men, respectively. This study suggested specific PBF cutoff values for healthy Iranian adults of both sexes. More studies from different regions are required to obtain reference values for populations, enabling researchers to provide more reliable reports regarding obesity cutoff points.

Evaluation of the relationship between body composition and dietary habits of physically active people with disabilities

Physical activity offers numerous physical and mental health benefits for individuals with disabilities, while nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily homeostasis. This study aimed to assess the relationship between body composition and dietary habits among physically active people with disabilities. Fifty-five participants aged 16 to 61, including 28 with disabilities and 27 without, were included in the study. The FFQ-6 questionnaire, Tanita body composition analyzer, and Stadiometer were utilized. No significant differences in BMI were observed between the two groups. However, individuals with disabilities showed higher body fat, metabolic age, or pulse values, whereas the control group exhibited higher muscle mass, muscle quality, body type, or bone mass. Participants with disabilities were more likely to consume vegetables (p = 0.004) and animal fats (p = 0.027), while those without disabilities were more inclined to consume fast food, instant products (p = 0.006), sweetened beverages (p < 0.001), and alcohol (p < 0.001). People with disabilities often have a higher percentage of body fat, cautioning against the consumption of processed fruits, dried fruits, fast food, and red meat. Conversely, in non-disabled individuals, frequent consumption of eggs, animal fats, sugar, and sweets is not recommended due to the potential for increased body fat, visceral fat, and higher BMI.

Nutrition and Health in Arab Adolescents (NaHAR): Study protocol for the determination of ethnic-specific body fat and anthropometric cut-offs to identify metabolic syndrome.

The prevalence of adolescent obesity in the Middle-East is considered among the highest in the world. Obesity in adolescents is associated with several cardiometabolic abnormalities, the constellation of which is referred to as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). This multi-country cross-sectional study aims to determine the optimal cut-off values for body fat (BF); body mass index (BMI) z-score; waist circumference (WC) percentile, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for the prediction of MetS among adolescents from Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia (KSA), Kuwait, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. A secondary objective is to examine the validity of Bioelectrical Impendence Vector Analysis (BIVA) in estimating BF against the deuterium dilution technique (DDL). In each country, a sample of 210 adolescents will be recruited. Data collection will include demographics, socioeconomic, lifestyle and dietary data using a multi-component questionnaire; anthropometric measurements will be obtained and body composition will be assessed using the DDL and BIVA; blood pressure and biochemical assessment will be performed for the identification of the MetS. Receiver operating characteristic analyses will be undertaken to determine optimal cut-off values of BMI, WC, MUAC and BF in identifying those with MetS. Odds ratios (OR) and their respective 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association of the anthropometric measurements with MetS will be computed based on multiple logistic regression analysis models. The Bland and Altman approach will be adopted to compare BIVA against the reference DDL method for the determination of body composition parameters. This study responds to the need for ethnic-specific anthropometric cut-offs for the identification of excess adiposity and associated cardiometabolic risks in the adolescent population. The adoption of the generated cut-offs may assist policy makers, public health professionals and clinical practitioners in providing ethnic-specific preventive and curative strategies tailored to adolescents in the region.

Effects of 16-week circuit training on physical fitness parameters, pulmonary function, and quality of life in healthy women.

Circuit training (CT) is an important type of training that can combine different types of exercises in a single form of training. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 16-week CT on physical fitness parameters, pulmonary function, and quality of life in healthy women. Twenty-nine healthy women (median age: 37.00 [31.50/39.50] years) were included in the study. CT was applied to the participants for a total of 16 weeks. Participants' body composition with the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis System, knee flexor and extensor muscle strength with the Biodex System-4 Pro, flexibility with the sit-and-reach test, pulmonary function with a spirometer device, and quality of life with Short Form-36 were assessed. A significant difference was found between the participants' pretest and posttest median and interquartile range values of waist-hip ratio, body mass index, right/left knee flexor/extensor mean peak torque (60°/s,180°/s), right hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio (60°/s), flexibility, and SF-36 Mental Health Score (P˂0.050). There was no significant difference between the participants' pretest and posttest median and interquartile range values of total body fat, fat percentage, right H/Q ratio (180°/s), left H/Q ratio (60°/s,180°/s), pulmonary function, and Short Form-36 Physical Function Score (P˃0.050). CT decreased waist-hip ratio and body mass index, increased knee flexor/extensor strength and flexibility, and improved mental health. The 16-week CT may be an alternative approach to improve physical fitness parameters and mental health without any positive effects on body fat and pulmonary functions in healthy women.

Dissatisfaction with body image and weight gain in middle-aged women: A cross sectional study.

To investigate the relationship between weight gain and body image perception in in middle-aged women. Cross-sectional study with 453 women. Body image was assessed using the Stunkard scale, in which women were classified as: satisfied or dissatisfied (general, thinness or obesity). The identification of possible factors associated with body image dissatisfaction was performed using binary logistic regression analysis. The mean age was 55.7 (±9.6) years; 80.8% were classified as dissatisfied with body image. As for body composition, women satisfied with their body image had lower values of body fat and higher values of lean mass. In the logistic regression, for general dissatisfaction and obesity, the associated variables were BMI, education and physical activity. As for "dissatisfaction with thinness", only BMI was associated. Thus, the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction is high in women and part of associated factors are linked to lifestyle behaviors.

An antimicrobial activity of oil extracted from Saara hardwickii.

Present research work represents antiviral and antibacterial value of body fat of Saara hardwickii commonly called as spiny tailed lizard. Oil was extracted from body fats located in the ventral region of this animal using hydrocarbons e.g., n-hexane, methanol, butanol and ethyl acetate as a solvent. The antibacterial activity of lizard oil was tested against standard as well as multi-resistant lines ofEscherichia coli, Styphalococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris alone and with antibiotic ampicillin. For antibacterial potential, Ethyl acetate and Butanol solvent extract showed best zone of inhibition (7mm) with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus respectively. For antiviral potential, Butanol and Methanol extract showed best HA (Hemagglutination) titer of 04 with NDV and IBV viral strain respectively. It is concluded that lizard oil has antimicrobial potential against different pathogens strains (virus, bacteria).

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Percent Body Fat, And Belly Fat With U20 Futsal Athlete Fitness

This study aims to determine the relationship between body mass index, body fat, and physical fitness of U20 futsal players at the Futsal Student Activity Unit (UKM) University of Indonesia and Pivot FC Club. The data collection technique was carried out by measuring the futsal team of the University of Indonesia and Pivot FC with Purposive Sampling totaling 32 people. Aerobic capacity values are taken through a bleep test. The values of body mass index, body fat, and visceral fat are taken through the BIA (Bioelectric Impedance Analysis) method The data obtained is then processed and analyzed using SPSS. The results of the analysis using SPSS obtained an average VO2Max value of 36.64 / kg/minute while the average body mass index, body fat, and visceral fat respectively were 21.2, 14.2%, and 4.81. The results of the Spearman Rank correlation test (1) there is a correlation between body mass index and physical fitness of r = -0.471 and the significance of P-Value = 0.007 (2) there is a correlation between body fat and physical fitness of r = -391 and the significance of P-Value = 0.027 (3) there is a correlation between visceral fat and physical fitness of r = -409 and the significance of P-Value 0.020. The results of the analysis through UI showed that there was an inverse relationship with the value of body mass

The effect of regular running on body weight and fat tissue of individuals aged 18 to 65

BackgroundAge and reduction in performed physical activity cause physiological changes that include an increase in body fat (BF) and visceral fat (VF) during aging. These parameters, together with increased body mass (BM), are some of the risk factors of several noninfectious diseases. However, changes in body composition can be influenced by regular physical activity. Running is a suitable, accessible, and the most effective physical activity cultivating people. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of long-term, regular PA, specifically recreational running, on changes in body composition among recreational adult runners covering a weekly distance of at least 10 km, compared with inactive adult individuals within the same age bracket.MethodsThe study included 1296 runners and inactive individuals (691 male and 605 female), divided into 5 age groups: 18–25, 26–35, 36–45, 46–55, and 56–65 years. Runners are as follows: ran ≥ 10 km/week, and inactive is as follows: did not follow the WHO 2020 physical activity recommendations. The measured parameters included BM, BF, and VF. To check statistical significance, the Mann–Whitney U-test was used. Practical significance was assessed using the effect of size.ResultsAll age groups of runners were selected to include individuals who run at least 10 km per week. In fact, they ran, on average, from 21.6 to 31.4 km per week in relation to age and showed significantly lower values of BM, BMI, BF, and VF (p < 0.05) than inactive individuals. Exceptions included insignificant differences (p > 0.05) in BM and BMI in males in the age category of 18–25 and in females in the age category of 18–25 and 26–35.ConclusionThe selected runners had to run at least 10 km per week. Their actual average volume was significantly higher (from 21.6 to 31.4 km/week), and the results showed that it could lead to significantly better body composition values. It may lead to significant changes in body mass, body fat, and visceral fat. It may meet the contemporary societal expectations for physical activities that are both achievable and effective at the lowest possible volume.

Prognostic value of obesity in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: An updated meta‑analysis and systematic review.

Accumulating interest has been surging over the past few years regarding the effects of obesity on immunotherapy. In addition to the body mass index (BMI), imaging-quantified body fat compartments have been investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the BMI and computed tomography (CT)-based body fat in patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy. For this purpose, the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched from January 2017 to July 2022. Clinical studies evaluating the association between BMI or body fat and survival of patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were included. In total, 15 studies reporting on the BMI were included in the meta-analysis and 16 studies evaluating body fat were included in the systematic review. According to the classification of the World Health Organization, overweight and obese patients with ICI treatment showed improved overall survival [overweight vs. normal: Hazard ratio (HR)=0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.64-0.98, P=0.03; obese vs. normal: HR=0.75, 95% CI=0.60-0.94, P=0.013] and progression-free survival (overweight vs. normal: HR=0.82, 95% CI=0.70-0.97, P=0.02; obese vs. normal: HR=0.81, 95% CI=0.65-1.02, P=0.07). Among the articles investigating the effect of body fat composition on the efficacy of immunotherapy, a number of studies included various CT analysis techniques and cutoffs to define body fat composition. Associations of body fat with survival were contradictory in different patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy. Obesity was associated with better survival in patients with cancer treated with ICIs. Further analyses are required to demonstrate the prognostic value of body fat in patients with cancer immunotherapy.

A new approach to quantify visceral fat via bioelectrical impedance analysis and ultrasound compared to MRI

BackgroundVisceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been linked to systemic proinflammatory characteristics, and measuring it accurately usually requires sophisticated instruments. This study aimed to estimate VAT applying a simpler method that uses total subcutaneous fat and total body fat (BF) measurements.MethodAs part of our experimental approach, the subcutaneous fat mass (SFT) was measured via US (SFTtotal), and VAT was quantified by assessing MRI data. Both parameters were added to obtain total body fat (BFcalc). Those results were then compared to values obtained from a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BFBIA). Multiple regression analyses were employed to develop a simplified sex-specific equation for SFT, which was subsequently used in conjunction with BFBIA to determine VAT (VATEq).ResultWe observed excellent reliability between BFBIA and BFcalc, with no significant difference in body fat values (20.98 ± 8.36 kg vs. 21.08 ± 8.81 kg, p = 0.798, ICC 0.948). VATEq_female/male revealed excellent reliability when compared to VATMRI, and no significant difference appeared (women: 0.03 ± 0.66 kg with a 95% CI ranging from −1.26 kg to 1.32 kg, p = 0.815, ICC: 0.955.; men: −0.01 ± 0.85 kg with a 95% CI ranging from −1.69 kg to 1.66 kg, p = 0.925, ICC: 0.952).ConclusionTaking an experimental approach, VAT can be determined without MRI.

Factors Associated with Low Back Pain in Coffee Pickers from Chinchiná and Palestina (Colombia)

Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain and associated risk factors among coffee pickers. Methods. The participants completed a survey and underwent tests to determine flexibility and V̇ O2max. Results. Among 98 coffee pickers with an average age of 44.7 (±13.7), 58.2% had experienced low back pain. The average duration and intensity of low back pain in the patients were 6.0 ± 6.5 years and 47.1 ± 21.0 mm/100 mm respectively. The average values of body fat and V̇ O2max were 13.2 ± 2.8% y 32.5 ± 8.6 ml.kg-1.min-1 respectively. Regression analysis showed that for a higher V̇ O2max value decreased the probability of experiencing low back pain, while a higher body fat content increased the probability of suffering from low back pain. Conclusions. There is a high prevalence of low back pain among coffee pickers from Chinchiná and Palestina. Higher body fat content increases the likelihood of experiencing lumbar pain, while elevated levels of V̇ O2max decrease it.

Body fat of competitive volleyball players: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Reference values of body fat for competitive volleyball players are lacking, making it difficult to interpret measurement results. This review systematically summarized published data on the relative body fat of volleyball players and calculated potential differences between sex, measurement method, and competitive level. The protocol followed the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The literature search was conducted using five electronic databases to retrieve all relevant publications from January 1, 2010, to July 1, 2021. The 63 studies including 2607 players that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed using random-effects models. Data were reported as pooled mean body fat with 95% confidence intervals. Body fat for males and females was 12.8% (11.9-13.8%) and 22.8% (21.9-23.7%), respectively. Body fat was 18.3% (16.3-20.4%) measured via skinfolds, 18.4% (15.6-21.2%) via bioelectrical impedance analysis, 24.2% (20.4-28.0%) via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and 21.6% (17.4-25.8%) via densitometry. Regional, national, and international-level players had body fat values of 19.5% (17.8-21.2%), 20.3% (18.6-22.0%), and 17.9% (15.7-20.4%), respectively. When the meta-regression was adjusted for the variables sex, measurement method, and competitive level, a significant difference between sex (p < 0.001), dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and skinfolds (p = 0.02), and national and international-level players (p = 0.02) was found. However, sensitivity analysis revealed that findings regarding measurement method and competitive level were not robust and should, therefore, be interpreted with caution. Despite the limitations of published data, this meta-analysis provided pooled values for body fat of male and female volleyball players for different competitive levels and measurement methods.

Relationships between anthropometric and body composition characteristics and age in Polish women over 60 as affected by their socioeconomic and health status and physical activity levels.

Background: Little is known about changes in anthropometric and body composition (A&BC) characteristics during the aging process. Research indicates that body composition can be linked with socioeconomic status (SES), health status (HS), and physical activity (PA) levels. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate age-related changes in A&BC characteristics in female seniors aged 60+ in view of their SES, HS, and PA levels. Methods: The survey was conducted in November and December 2022 on a total of 661 female seniors. A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain information about the participants' socioeconomic status (chronic diseases, health status, marital status, membership in social organizations, financial status, place of residence, education). The respondents' PA levels were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and their A&BC characteristics were determined in a bioelectrical impedance analysis with the InBody 270 body composition analyzer. The relationships between A&BC characteristics and age were evaluated based on the values of the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results: The mean values of Percent Body Fat (PBF), Body Mass Index (BMI), and the waist-hip ratio (WHR) were relatively high (37.2%, 28.5kg/m2, and 0.8, respectively) and indicative of overweight and gynoid obesity. A higher number of significant negative correlations between A&BC characteristics and age were observed in seniors with lower values of SES, HS, and PA, which points to more rapid involutional changes in this group of respondents. A segmental analysis also revealed significantly lower values of fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat mass (BFM) (both indicators were calculated in percentage and kg), in particular in the upper limbs, in women with lower SES, HS, and PA levels. Conclusion: Environmental factors, including biological, physiological, environmental, psychological, behavioral, and social factors, are significantly associated with aging in women. Age-related changes in A&BC characteristics tend to proceed more rapidly in female seniors with low values of SES and HE and insufficient PA levels.

Биоимпедансная оценка состава тела с использованием анализаторов АВС-01 «Медасс» и Диамант-АИСТ: результаты сравнения

Introduction. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is an indirect method of body composition assessment. The equipment for BIA measurements is produced in many countries including Russia and may differ in electrical current frequencies, measurement schemes and built-in algorithms for the evaluation of body composition. In view of this, body composition estimates from various BIA instruments may be inconsistent which limits the ability to combine and generalize BIA data. Our purpose was to analyze the consistency and possibility of joint use of the BIA data obtained using the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ (SRC Medas, Moscow) and Diamant-AIST (LLC Diamant, St. Petersburg) instruments in adults. Materials and methods. 185 adult volunteers (107 women and 78 men) aged 18 to 61 years were examined according to the standard anthropometric measurement protocol and on the basis of paired consecutive measurements with the bioimpedance body composition instruments ABC-01 ‘Medas’ and Diamant-AIST. The estimates of fat-free mass (FFM), body fat (BF) and percentage body fat (%BF) were compared. Mutual calibration of the bioimpedance data was carried out based on transformation of the Diamant-AIST data using a conversion formula between the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ and Diamant-AIST resistances and subsequent application the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ body composition assessment algorithm. Results. There were significant differences in the median values of FFM, BF and %BF estimates provided by the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ and Diamant-AIST instruments. The FFM values in females using the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ instrument were significantly lower, and the BF and %BF were significantly higher as compared to the Diamant-AIST data. In males, the inverse relationship was observed while maintaining significant differences between the medians. The differences in paired estimates of body composition data provided by the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ instrument and the transformed Diamant-AIST data in males and females, respectively, were statistically insignificant. Also, the confidence intervals for the differences of paired body composition estimates reduced essentially, but still not ensured good consistency of individual body composition data. Conclusions. Significant differences in paired values of fat-free mass, fat mass and relative body fat using the ABC-01 ‘Medas’ and Diamant-AIST bioimpedance instruments are obtained. The possibility of mutual calibration and joint analysis of the related bioimpedance data at the group level is established. @ 2023. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license.

BODY FAT CUTOFFS MEASURED BY ISOTOPIC DILUTION WITH DEUTERIUM OXIDE IN ADOLESCENTS.

Objective: To establish nutritional diagnosis and provide a series of reference body fat percentiles for age and sex in adolescents using isotopic dilution with deuterium oxide, a method considered the gold standard for assessing body composition. After obtaining data on weight and height, Method: among participants aged 10 to 14 years, the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated, used to obtain the nutritional diagnosis. The analysis of body composition was performed on a saliva sample collected before and after the administration of a dose of Deuterium Oxide (D2O, at a dose of 0.5g/kg (maximum 30g), using the technique of Infrared Spectrometry by Transform of Fourier (FTIR), following the methodology described by Slater et al., (2005). Study approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee. The Results: sample consisted of 390 participants, 233 (59.8%) girls, with a mean age of 12.7 ±1.1 years. The percentage of body fat by D2O showed a parametric distribution between males and females, with a mean of 21.7±9.4%BF and 28.7±8.1%BF, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight was 15.6% and 1.5% with obesity. There is a trend towards an increase in %BF in female quartiles and a reduction in %BF in all male quartiles. Girls enter adolescence (10 years old) with a statistically lower amount of body fat than in the intermediate period of this phase. This did not occur in boys, who remained with the same absolute value of body fat. Girls are classied as overweight when they reach 1/3 of their weight consisting of fat.

Physical Performance and Morphological Characteristics of Young Basketball Players before and after COVID-19

The aim of this study was to determine possible changes in physical performance and morphological characteristics in young basketball players before and after quarantine caused by COVID-19. The research was conducted on a total sample of 46 young basketball players. Participants were measured before the quarantine and pandemic in January 2020 and then after the quarantine period, one year later in March 2021. The results indicate the existence of significant differences in total muscle mass (p < 0.01) in favor of higher values measured before quarantine. Moreover, total fat percentage was higher (p < 0.03) after quarantine. As for physical performance, significant differences were also observed in the counter movement jump test (p < 0.05) and the 20 m shuttle run test (p < 0.05), with significantly poorer results for the group of participants measured after quarantine. The authors conclude that the consequences of the quarantine and pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 virus were definitely negative, as higher values of body fat and lower values of the percentage of total muscle mass were observed. In addition, a lower level of the explosive power of lower limbs was observed, accompanied by lower aerobic endurance in young basketball players.

The Effect of Physical Activities on Somatic Parameters of Masaryk University Students – Some Selected Results

Purpose: The current trend is an increasing sedentary lifestyle in all age categories. Among university students, there is an alarming decline in physical activity while increasing the percentage of total body fat compared to high school students. The main goal of the study is to describe the current state of body composition of university students and to assess the impact of physical activity/inactivity in this specific age group, which has changed very dynamically in recent years due to the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: A total of 358 probands with a mean age of 20.87 ± 1.43 years were involved in the research, of which 234 women (65.4%) had a height of 167.9 ± 6.3 cm and a body weight of 61.3 ± 10.0 kg, BMI 21.7 ± 3.2, body fat 25.9 ± 6.4%, skeletal muscle mass 24.7 ± 3.3% and 124 men (34.6%) with body height 180.9 ± 7.7 cm, body weight 77.6 ± 12.4 kg, BMI 23.6 ± 2.8, body fat 15.8 ± 5.4%, skeletal muscle mass 37.0 ± 5.6%. For the purposes of valid categorization into high active, minimally active, and inactive probands, the International Standardized Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, which monitors physical activity in the last 7 days. The questionnaire includes questions regarding the frequency and time spent in each intensity of physical activity, as well as the time spent sitting. The non-invasive method of bioelectric tetrapolar impedance using the InBody 230 device was used for the analysis of somatic parameters. The Takei hand dynamometer was used for the diagnosis of muscle strength. Some selected results: According to IPAQ, probands were classified as inactive (16%), minimally active (58%) and high active (25%). The analysis of selected aspects of physical activity shows that men are more active than women, but both sexes spend more than 5.5 hours a day sitting on average. A total of 39% of probands have a higher level of total body fat than the recommended norms. Conclusion: The study showed that lower levels of physical activity are associated with higher values ​of total body fat in university students. At the same time, within our sample both sexes out of 84% comply with general recommendations regarding the volume and intensity of physical activity.