Abstract
This study evaluated intestinal permeability according to plasma zonulin and its association with adiposity, inflammation, cardiometabolic risk, liver function, and intestinal health markers in adults with overweight/obesity. This study is a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the Brazilian Nut Study, which involved 123 participants (93 women, age 33.2±8.58 years, BMI 33.9±4.30kg/m2). Subjects were divided into quartiles according to plasma zonulin, assessed by Elisa. Cytokines were assessed by flow cytometry; anthropometric measurements were collected by standard procedure and body composition was assessed by DXA. SCFA analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and fecal pH, by a pH meter. Linear regression models were performed (α<5%). Participants included in the last quartile of plasma zonulin had higher values of body fat (%), pro-inflammatory cytokines (CRP, IL-1). According to the multivariate regression model, each one-unit increased in body fat, CRP, IL-12p70, IL-6 and IL-8 resulted correspondingly in an increment of 0.42, 0.14, 0.192, 0.250 and 0.312ng/ml in plasma zonulin, respectively. Conversely, a one-unit decreased in IL-10 led to an increase of 0.40ng/ml in plasma zonulin. Intestinal permeability assessed by plasma zonulin is associated with adiposity, subclinical inflammation and reduced serum HDL levels adults with overweight/obesity, while adiposity and inflammation markers are independent factors for plasma zonulin variation.
Published Version
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