Biogas Flow Research Articles

A positive observer for the chemostat model with biogas measurement

In anaerobic digestion plants, it is often crucial to measure state variables such as the substrate or biomass densities for monitoring the process. But, this task can be very difficult to achieve because the sensors are sometimes unavailable, unreliable or very expensive. For these reasons software sensors can be sought instead, using indirect measurements. In this paper, we design a new observer for the chemostat model with the single measurement of biogas flow rate. This observer is positive and we show its adjustable convergence. Through simulations we also show its robustness under noise measurements. The key point is to construct a non-linear observer using hidden symmetries in the framework of the theory of symmetry preserving nonlinear systems. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is shown through simulations.

Desulfurization of H2S‐rich biogas using water scrubbing: Performance in pilot scale scrubber and scale‐up estimation for the concentrated latex factory

AbstractA high about 3% H2S concentration in the biogas produced from concentrated latex process wastewater needs to be removed before further utilization. Water scrubbing is appropriate for the latex factory having plenty of recycled water available. Effects of liquid to gas (L/G) ratios at 0.5–4.0 on H2S removal were tested at 0.06 m3/h biogas flow rate using a pilot scale scrubber. The experimental results were then simulated to validate the scale‐up for the factory, using the process simulation software Aspen HYSYS (HYSYS, Hyprotech and Systems). The highest 99.71% H2S removal was obtained by using L/G ratio 4.0. Interestingly, using L/G ratio 1.0 provided 96.01% H2S removal, which is slightly lower than on using L/G ratio 4.0, but is more practically appropriate for the real volumes of recycled water and biogas generated from the factory. The experimental data agree with the simulations well. The packed column diameter and height were estimated as 0.5 and 3 m for 40 m3/h biogas. Key characteristics of the scrubber effluent were analyzed for further discharge management. The scrubber effluent qualified for direct discharge to the post‐treatment ponds. This work shows that using recycled water for desulfurization of the H2S‐rich biogas is feasible at atmospheric pressure operation.

Carbon dioxide removal from biogas through sorption processes using natural and activated zeolite adsorbents

ABSTRACT Natural zeolite is among the low-cost materials that can be used to remove contaminants in biogas. The cleaning of biogas increases its energy density and reduces possible negative effects. The current study aimed to upgrade biogas using natural zeolites. The activation of natural zeolite was done using sodium hydroxide. The adsorbent samples were characterised using an XRF machine, while the biogas samples were analysed using Shimadzu gas chromatography and a portable digital gas detector. The effect of zeolite-to-water ratio on the carbonation process was investigated. In addition, the effects of biogas flow rate, adsorbent dose and contact time on the dry adsorption process were studied. The maximum CO2 uptake of zeolite was 4.8 and 0.2 mmol/g by dry adsorption and wet carbonation process, respectively. The results indicate that surface adsorption favoured by a low Si2O3/Al2O3 ratio was more prominent than carbonation that requires high basic oxides. The results showed that an increase in the dose of activated clay from 2.5 to 35 g increased the removal efficiency of CO2 from 11.2% to 79.8%, while the CO2 uptake decreased from 4.8 to 2.5 mmol/g. Furthermore, the experimental data fitted best to pseudo-first-order kinetics and the Bohart-Adams model for the breakthrough curve.

The Effect of the Packing Flow Area and Biogas Flow Rate on Biogas Purification in Packed Bed Scrubber

The Effect of the Packing Flow Area and Biogas Flow Rate on Biogas Purification in Packed Bed Scrubber

Experimental Research on Biogas Utilization in CI Engines Using Biodiesel/Diesel Blends

Abstract: The present study covers the utilization of a gaseous alternative fuel, raw biogas, in a diesel engine. Biogas alone cannot run a diesel engine, because gaseous fuel cannot burn by compression. It can be supplied to the CI engines in dual fuel mode by using an air-biogas mixer device. In this work, it is aimed to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a biogas-biodiesel/diesel dual fuel mode diesel engine by employing a venturi gas mixer device for providing a homogeneous mixture.The performance and emission characteristics of the engine operated by dual-fuel mode were experimentally investigated, and compared to diesel. The results indicated that biogas inducted at a flow rate of 1L/min was found to have better performance and lower emission, than that of the other flow rates. On the other hand, dual-fuel mode with a biogas flow rate of BD10 BG@1L/min showed an average reduction in BTE of 9.94% and an average increment of 8.82% in BSFC as compared to diesel. Whereas an increment in CO and HC by 5.18% and 3.01% respectively and an average reduction in NOx emissions by 14.91% as compared to diesel.

Strategies to control pH in the dark fermentation of sugarcane vinasse: Impacts on sulfate reduction, biohydrogen production and metabolite distribution

pH is notably known as the main variable defining distinct metabolic pathways during sugarcane vinasse dark fermentation. However, different alkalinizing (e.g. sodium bicarbonate; NaHCO3) and/or neutralizing (e.g. sodium hydroxide; NaOH) approaches were never directly compared to understand the associated impacts on metabolite profiles. Three anaerobic structured-bed reactors (AnSTBR) were operated in parallel and subjected to equivalent operational parameters, except for the pH control: an acidogenic-sulfidogenic (R1; NaOH + NaHCO3) designed to remove sulfur compounds (sulfate and sulfide), a hydrogenogenic (R2; NaOH) aimed to optimize biohydrogen (bioH2) production, and a strictly fermentative system without pH adjustment (R3) to mainly evaluate lactic acid (HLa) production and other soluble metabolites. NaHCO3 dosing triggered advantages not only for sulfate reduction (up to 56%), but also to enhance the stripping of sulfide to the gas phase (75–96% of the theoretical sulfide produced) by the high and constant biogas flow resulting from the CO2 released during NaHCO3 dissociation. Meanwhile, molasses-based vinasse presented higher potential for bioH2 (up to 4545 mL-H2 L−1 d−1) and HLa (up to 4800 mg L−1) production by butyric-type and capnophilic lactic fermentation pathways. Finally, heterolactic fermentation was the main metabolic route established when no pH control was provided (R3), as indicated by the high production of both HLa (up to 4315 mg L−1) and ethanol (1987 mg L−1). Hence, one single substrate (from which one single source of inoculum was originated) offers a wide range of metabolic possibilities to be exploited, providing substantial versatility to the application of anaerobic digestion in sugarcane biorefineries.

Performance and exhaust emissions analysis of a diesel engine running on diesel /diethyl ether/biogas as a green fuel

ABSTRACT The aim of the current investigation is to evaluate the performance and exhaust characteristics of a dual fuel engine for different diethyl ether/biogas/diesel fuel blends as a novel fuel. The various fractions of diethyl ether (10, 15, 20%) and biogas flow rate (10, 20, 30 LPM) in conventional diesel at different engine loads (20, 60, and 100%) were examined. The studied variables analyzed by utilizing response surface technique to achieve the best model. In present study, all of the suggested multivariate models were statistically significant, indicating the high accuracy of the models. Besides, the desirability approach was employed to define the values of the independent parameters achieving a maximum performance and minimal engine-out emissions. The modeling results showed that the best engine operation condition result occurs at 83% engine load, 10% DEE ratio, and 30 LPM flow rate of Biogas. The corresponding response parameter at the suggested point was predicted to be BTE of 22%, UHC emissions of 56 ppm, CO emissions of 0.09%, NOX emissions of 102 ppm, and emitted smoke of 24%. A high desirability of 0.74 for derived models indicated that response surface method could accurately be used to optimize/model of the diesel engine running on a ternary blend.

Biogas Desulfurization Using Iron Gram Waste Machining Practicum Process at The Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Semarang

<p class="Abstract">The important matter about biogas as an alternative energy source was the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) which is very corrosive. The biogas desulfurization process was absolutely necessary to reduce the risk of damage to the equipment. For small-scale applications, the selection of the type of adsorbent became important to reduce additional costs. One alternative material that can be used was iron gram waste. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of iron gram waste resulting from the machining practicum process at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Semarang as an alternative material for making adsorbents. Iron gram waste was processed into Iron (III) Oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and Iron (III) Hydroxide (Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub>), formed into billets with an average billet mass of 250 gr. The performance test of the adsorbent in the biogas desulfurization process was carried out under conditions of variation in the flow rate of biogas feed 1, 2, and 3 liters per minute, and the volume of biogas purified in one process was 50 liters. As a result, the most optimum performance was obtained in the test with a feed biogas flow rate of 1 liter/minute, with a percentage reduction in H<sub>2</sub>S levels contained in the biogas by an average of 82,56%.</p><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script>

Possibilities of Biogas Upgrading on a Bio-Waste Sorbent Derived from Anaerobic Sewage Sludge

The development of biogas upgrading technologies is now an essential issue in recovering fuel-grade methane. Nowadays, trends in biogas upgrading include investigations of low-cost and renewable materials as sorbents for biogas enrichment to produce biomethane. Therefore, in this work, wastewater anaerobic sludge stabilized with calcium oxide was used as the bio-waste sorbent to capture carbon dioxide from biogas, employing a fixed bed column. The biogas flow rate was the parameter considered for examining the breakthrough responses. It was observed that breakthrough time decreases with increasing biogas inflow rate from 570 ± 10 min at 5 mL/min to 120 ± 12 min at 35 mL/min. The maximum sorption capacity of 127.22 ± 1.5 mg CO2/g TS of sorbent was estimated at 15 mL/min. Biomethane concentration in biogas increased from 56.5 ± 1.7 v% in the raw biogas to 98.9 ± 0.2 v% with simultaneous low carbon dioxide content of 0.44 ± 0.2 v%. A strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.9919) between the sorption capacity and the biogas flow rate was found in the range of biogas inflow rates between 5 mL/min and 15 mL/min. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed a strong negative relationship (R2 = 0.9868) between breakthrough time and the mass of carbon dioxide removal, and the biogas flow rates ranged from 10 mL/min to 20 mL/min.

Identification of Sulphur Oxidizing Bacteria on Charcoal Made of Salak Fruit Seeds for Hydrogen Sulfide Removal in Biogas

Alternative energy sources to substitute fossil fuels have been developed, biogas being one of them. However, H2S needs to be removed in biogas because it promotes corrosion in the equipment using biogas. The H2S can be removed from biogas by biological processes. H2S was removed by biofiltration, in which H2S degrading bacteria immobilized on the packing material inside a column. This study aimed to determine the genera of microorganisms that degrade H2S in biogas. Moreover, this research aimed to investigate the ability of these microorganisms to degrade H2S. The novelty of this research is the use of charcoal from salak fruit seed as a packing material for immobilization the microorganisms in the biofilter; therefore, the packing material is more durable and does not rot. The isolated sludge taken from liquid wastewater treatment in the tofu industry was tested for sulfide degradation. Then, the best of bacteria to degrade sulfide was immobilized on the surface of charcoal made of salak fruit seeds and after acclimatization and the bacteria grew well. We tested their capability of forming biofilms on the surface of the charcoal of salak fruit seeds. Further identification showed that the isolate was Bacillus cereus with a similarity value of 98%. An experiment to remove H2S of biogas using a biofilter column with immobilized Bacillus cereus bacteria on the surface of the charcoal of salak fruit seeds showed that the Bacillus cereus bacteria could degrade H2S of biogas that flew in the biofilter through the surface of charcoal of salak fruit seeds. The highest removal efficiency was obtained for H2S (RE) at the packing height of 80 cm; 97.15% of which was achieved at a biogas flow rate of 30 L/hour, the H2S concentration was 142.48 ppm for 4 hours.

Performance Study of Two Serial Interconnected Chemostats with Mortality.

The present work considers the model of two chemostats in series when a biomass mortality is considered in each vessel. We study the performance of the serial configuration for two different criteria which are the output substrate concentration and the biogas flow rate production, at steady state. A comparison is made with a single chemostat with the same total volume. Our techniques apply for a large class of growth functions and allow us to retrieve known results obtained when the mortality is not included in the model and the results obtained for specific growth functions in both the mathematical literature and the biological literature. In particular, we provide a complete characterization of operating conditions under which the serial configuration is more efficient than the single chemostat, i.e., the output substrate concentration of the serial configuration is smaller than that of the single chemostat or, equivalently, the biogas flow rate of the serial configuration is larger than that of the single chemostat. The study shows that the maximum biogas flow rate, relative to the dilution rate, of the series device is higher than that of the single chemostat provided that the volume of the first tank is large enough. This non-intuitive property does not occur for the model without mortality.

Experimental and modeling analyzing the biogas upgrading in the microchannel: Carbon dioxide capture by seawater enriched with low-cost waste materials

There are multiple techniques to enhance the calorific value of biogas by removing impurities, especially carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). This study used a T-shaped microchannel to purify biogas by seawater containing 0.1 wt% of Iranian modified clinoptilolite zeolite and several precipitates (i.e., water distillation, phosphogypsum, power plant clarifier unit). These additives increase the alkalinity and CO 2 absorption ability of seawater. Effects of temperature, liquid flow rate, and biogas flow rate on the CO 2 removal efficiency have been investigated. The response surface methodology is also employed to construct a quadratic model to predict the CO 2 removal efficiency as a function of these variables. The P -value for all variables was less than 0.05, indicating that all four models were significant. Moreover, according to R 2 values ranging from 0.9920 to 0.9997, the experimental CO 2 absorption values have acceptable agreement with the model predictions. The maximum CO 2 capture by seawater solutions containing zeolite and precipitates of phosphogypsum waste, plant clarifier, and water distillation at 30 ° C, in a liquid flow rate of 150 ml/h and a gas flow rate of 50 ml/min was 96.85, 96.01, 92.99, and 90.23%, respectively. The results achieved in this study are essential for the appropriate design of a micro-reactor for biogas upgrading and understanding the effect of operating conditions on its CO 2 removal efficiency. • Biogas upgrading (CO 2 removal) by low-cost materials is studied in micro-reactor. • Seawater is used as an absorption solution in the micro-reactor for the CO 2 capture. • The applied materials show high efficiency in a broad range of operating conditions. • All studied absorbents completely remove CO 2 under the optimum conditions. • The suggested method reduces cost and energy required for the biogas upgrading.

The effect of seasonal biomass availability and energy demand on the operation of an on-farm biomethane plant

Globally, 10% of milk production occurs in countries whereby dairy livestock have pasture access for the majority of the year, leading to the seasonal collection and availability of dairy slurry. This can pose challenges if dairy slurry is used as a feedstock in on-farm biogas plants. On-farm biogas plants may also have limited gas grid access and have to facilitate seasonal gas demands of consumers in their locality. The effects of seasonal gas demand coupled with seasonal slurry availability have yet to be addressed in literature. This work aims to analyse the effects of such seasonal factors, and whether optimised digestate recirculation may alleviate some of these challenges. Countries which employ pasture-based dairy farming require such evidence to successfully develop on-farm biogas plants, reduce fugitive emissions resultant from current manure management practices, and furthermore, produce alternatives to fossil fuels. Ireland is used as a case study in this work and the effects of seasonal or constant slurry availability and seasonal or constant gas demand is investigated. The sustainability of such systems is also evaluated in terms of emissions reductions as per EU regulations. For a farm with slurry production from 100 dairy cows and 10 ha of grass dedicated for anaerobic digestion, the seasonal availability of slurry leads to a 21% reduction in total biomethane production; over 12 times the required digestate recirculation; smaller digester sizes; and increased variation in the organic loading rate throughout the year. Facilitating a seasonal gas demand leads to larger digester sizes due to periods of increased mass flow rates, and large peaks and troughs in biogas flow rates. Seasonal slurry availability increases greenhouse gas emissions by ca. 11 g of CO2 per megajoule of biomethane produced. Pasture-based AD systems may successfully manage the seasonal availability of slurry by optimising digestate recirculation to lower the solids content of the plant.

Improving combustion and emission characteristics of a biogas/biodiesel-powered dual-fuel diesel engine through trade-off analysis of operation parameters using response surface methodology

The present study focused on using dual-fuel such as Mahua oil biodiesel and biogas in a diesel engine to analyze performance and emission by varying compression ratio (CR) and engine loads. Following the experimental step, the response surface approach was used to model-predict, and optimize. The variance analysis was used to create relationship functions between the independent control variables (engine loads and CR) and their dependent response variables (performance and emission indices). A robust model is indicated by a high coefficient of determination value for all outputs (0.8673 – 0.9917). The optimization yielded 15.25% brake thermal efficiency, 326 °C exhaust gas temperature, 2.85 kg/h biogas flow rate, 68.9% liquid fuel replacement, and 44 bar peak cylinder pressure. A trade-off study of engine performance vs. emission at optimal operating settings produced 4.45 vol% CO2, 39 ppm NOx, 90 ppm HC, and 90.17 ppm CO. The validation test in the lab revealed that all of the predicted output was within a 6% error range. This research indicated that dual-fuel might be an excellent choice for improving waste-to-energy prospects, performance, and emissions.

Analysis of the Influence of Temperature on the Anaerobic Digestion Process in a Plug Flow Reactor

The production of biogas by means of the anaerobic digestion process is becoming increasingly attractive in the green economy context. When municipal organic waste is used to produce biogas, a further positive effect on urban waste disposal is obtained. Starting from the anaerobic digestion model n.1, an accurate analysis of the temperature effects on the anaerobic digestion process in a plug flow reactor is performed. This paper aims at presenting a comprehensive and integrated one-dimensional biological and thermal model for a plug flow reactor. Partial differential equations with respect to time and space are considered to model the heat transfer between the reactor and the internal heat exchanger and between the reactor and the environment. In this scope, a suitable simulation code was developed in MATLAB and validated using the data available in literature. The results of the calculations show that temperature plays a crucial role in the anaerobic digestion process, since it strongly affects the kinetic rates of the microbial species and the methane production. The results obtained in terms of temperature fields and biogas production are compared with the ones available in literature, dealing with a continuously stirred tank reactor. The comparison is conducted considering that both reactors process a volumetric waste flow rate of 20 m3/d and have the same structural characteristics. The plug flow reactor resulted better performance with a produced biogas flow rate equal to 2300 Nm3/year.

The Effect of Biogas Composition on the Characteristics of the Combustion Process

Biogas can serve as a substitute for natural fuel, but its use is associated with a number of features associated with the difference in its composition from natural gas. Landfill gas generated in the body of MSW landfills is characterized by a significant change in composition. The purpose of the work was a theoretical study of the effect of changing the composition of biogas and the coefficient of excess air on the parameters of the combustion process - gas and air consumption, combustion temperature and on the volume of combustion products. The influence of the ratio of CO2 and N2 contained in biogas on the main combustion characteristics was also evaluated. It is concluded that the combustion of biogas of variable composition, subject to ensuring the specified heat output of the furnace or boiler, does not require a change in air flow, but only a change in the flow of biogas depending on the content of methane in it. Reducing the content of methane leads to an increase in the volume of exhaust gases and a decrease in their temperature. Therefore, a decrease in the methane content in biogas can lead to a decrease in the intensity of heat exchange and a decrease in the efficiency of the unit. The ratio of CO2 and N2 practically does not affect the thermal parameters of combustion. The results of the study are necessary when designing equipment and determining the operating mode of equipment that burns biogas that is formed in natural conditions, for example, landfill gas generated at HSW landfill.

Hydrogen production from landfill biogas: Profitability analysis of a real case study

Hydrogen is not only considered as a cornerstone within renewable energy portfolio but it is also a key enabler for CO2 valorisation being a central resource for industrial decarbonization. This work evaluates the profitability of hydrogen production via combined biogas reforming and water–gas shift reaction, based on a real case scenario for landfill biogas plant in Seville (Spain). A techno-economic model was developed based on a process model and the discounted cash-flow method. A biogas flow of 700 m3/h (input given by the landfill biogas plant) was used as plant size and the analysis was carried out for two different cases: (1) use of already available energy sources at the industrial plant, and (2) solar energy generation to power the process. The economic outputs obtained showed that under the current circumstances, this hydrogen production route is not profitable. The main reason is the relatively low current hydrogen prices which comes from fossil fuels. A revenues analysis indicates that hydrogen from biogas selling prices between 2.9 and 5.7 €/kg would be needed to reach profitability, which are considerably higher than the current hydrogen cost (1.7 €/kg). A subsidy scheme is suggested to improve the competitiveness of this hydrogen production process in the short-medium term. A cost analysis is also performed, revealing that electricity prices and investment costs have a high impact on the total share (23–40% and 8–22%, respectively). Other potential costs reduction such as catalyst, labour and manteinance & overhead are also evaluated, showing that cutting-down production costs is mandatory to unlock the potential of hydrogen generation from biogas. Our work showcases the techno-economic challenge that green energy policies face in the path toward sustainable societies.

Application of machine learning and Box-Behnken design in optimizing engine characteristics operated with a dual-fuel mode of algal biodiesel and waste-derived biogas

Waste-derived biogas and third-generation algal biodiesel are attractive alternative fuels to substitute fossil diesel in a diesel engine. However, using biodiesel as a pilot liquid fuel and biogas as the main fuel in a diesel engine is a complicated and highly non-linear process. The current study seeks to predict and optimize the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a variable compression dual-fuel combustion engine. Data from experiments were obtained at a variety of engine loads, compression ratios, pilot fuel injection pressures, and timings. A multi-layer perceptron network was employed to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based prognostic model using the experimental data. The developed prognostic model was used to estimate brake thermal efficiency, biogas flow rates, peak in-cylinder pressure, carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide. The predictive model's robustness is demonstrated by statistical metrics such as R (0.9723–0.988) and R2 (0.9453–0.9761), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (94–97%), and mean absolute percentage error (0.013–0.128%), Kling-Gupta efficiency (0.9548–0.9836), and Theil's U2 model uncertainty (0.162–0.368). To optimize the parameters of dual-fuel combustion, the Multi-Output Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed. The trade-off assessment between emission and efficiency using the desirability approach revealed that 84% engine load, 244 bar of fuel injection pressure, 28 °BTDC of injection timing, and 17.5 compression ratio are the best-operating conditions for the test engine. An experimental investigation was used to corroborate the RSM research findings, and errors were less than 9%. It was revealed that ANN-linked RSM is a good hybrid technique for modeling, prediction, and optimization of the performance of a dual-fuel engine.

Consideration of biological and inorganic additives in upgraded anaerobic digestion BioModel

This paper deals with the numerical simulation of biogas production in the anaerobic digestion process of organic waste. Special attention is focused on the modeling of the activities of biological and inorganic additives, which are used to enhance the process and reduce H2S content in the biogas. For this purpose, an existing BioModel is upgraded with the modified Michaelis-Menten kinetics in order to model the enzymatic hydrolysis and with adequate modeling of physicochemical processes. The upgraded BioModel was calibrated with experimental data obtained from a full-scale biogas plant, used in combination with an active set optimization procedure; the relative agreement indices were 0.9376, 0.9419, 0.7957, and 0.7663 for biogas, CH4, H2, and H2S flow rates, respectively. Statistical efficiency criteria differ up to 5% in model calibration and validation. The obtained results confirm the importance of additives modeling and the usefulness of the proposed model for industrial biogas plants’ performance improvement.

Performance assessment of biogas-fed solid oxide fuel cell system for municipal solid waste treatment

An enormous amount of municipal waste is produced globally and a large proportion of this waste is dumped into the landfill that is now about to reach the maximum capacity and makes it obligatory to investigate alternative methods for waste treatment. This study proposes a novel design to treat the organic fraction municipal solid waste (OFMSW) to generate electricity using solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The detailed process simulation is conducted using the standard chemical process simulator Aspen Plus which predicts the electricity that is generated using the OFMSW as feedstock. The biogas from the system is employed to the reformer that produces syngas and this mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is fed to the SOFC with air to generate electricity. The detailed characterization of the proposed system is conducted and numerous sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the system performance. The study also employs a detailed technical and economic feasibility of the biogas-fed SOFC system for municipal solid waste treatment. The proposed design employs 1,000 Nm3/hr of biogas flow rate that produces 3,633 kW of DC power using SOFC. The thermal management of the designed system is also performed to recover the additional heat within the designed system. A detailed techno-economic feasibility study is conducted for the proposed system and the capital and operating expenditures, income and depreciation costs are also evaluated. The economic and cash flow analyses show that the plant is suitable for a long-term scenario. It has been predicted that if the electricity price increase to 130 $/MWh, it will take 5 years as a payback period for the long-term scenario. Furthermore, the results obtained from the sensitivity studies and techno-economic analysis are presented and discussed.