Modular Basis Research Articles

Structural basis of HydBC modularity and its diversity in anaerobic bacteria

Structural basis of HydBC modularity and its diversity in anaerobic bacteria

Determination of pedagogical conditions for the effectiveness of the use of search activity as a means of social hardening of youth

The article discusses the pedagogical conditions that determine the effectiveness of the use of search activity as a means of social hardening of youth. This process is characterized by the peculiarity of approaches, multi-aspect, its influence on the formation of life attitudes, trajectories of development of young citizens. Search work in this perspective is considered as an effective means to get involved in socially approved activities, expanding the range of formed readiness to solve life tasks, problems. In modern conditions, search activity is based on both the traditional experience of search and patriotic organizations, associations, and active, interactive forms and methods of work on the involvement of young people in civil-patriotic activities. The paper highlights the assessment of approaches to the formation of a meaningful component for the implementation of basic conditions. We attributed to them: the establishment of mutual assistance groups, the orientation of the multi-age community and its members to a personal model of nonviolent interaction, the training of search team leaders in the context of this model, building networking to expand social contacts and exchange life experiences based on dialogue and equality. The allocation of these conditions based on the results of monitoring work has shown its effectiveness and the possibility of applying in practice the work of children's and youth associations of a different orientation. The formed program for the inclusion of participants in the search work is considered by us as a local practice–oriented project built on the basis of modularity, in its structure it has a target, value–oriented, informative, technological and evaluative-effective blocks.

Dynamical Coupling between Particle and Antiparticle in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: A Multistate Perspective on the Energy–Momentum Relation

A molecular formalism based on a decomposed energy space constructed by a modular basis of matter and radiation is proposed for relativistic quantum mechanics. In the proposed formalism, matter radiation interactions are incorporated via the dynamical transformation of the coupled particle/antiparticle pair in a multistate quantum mechanical framework. This picture generalizes relativistic quantum mechanics at minimal cost, unlike quantum field theories, and the relativistic energy–momentum relation is interpreted as energy transformations among different modules through a multistate Schrödinger equation. The application of two-state and four-state systems using a time-dependent Schrödinger equation with pair states as a basis leads to well-defined solutions equivalent to those obtained from the Klein–Gordon equation and the Dirac equation. In addition, the particle–antiparticle relationship is well manifested through a particle conjugation group. This work provides new insights into the underlying molecular mechanism of relativistic dynamics and the rational design of new pathways for energy transformation.

Ферма данных: информационная система сбора, хранения и обработки неструктурированных данных из разнородных источников

The original information system «data farm» is presented. Today, the successful application of artificial intelligence algorithms, primarily deep learning based on artificial neural networks, almost completely depends on the availability of data. And the larger the amount of these data (big data), the better are the results of the algorithms execution. There are well-known examples of such algorithms from Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Yandex, etc. The data must contain both the training sample and the test one. Moreover, the data must be of good quality and have a certain structure, ideally, be labeled in order for the learning algorithms to work adequately. This is a serious problem requiring huge computational and human resources. This paper is dedicated to solve this problem. Today data farm is a rather complex information system built on a modular basis, similar to the well-known Lego constructor. Separate modules of the system are various modern algorithms, technologies and entire libraries of artificial intelligence, and all together they are designed to automate the process of obtaining and structuring high-quality big data in various subject domains. The system has been tested on data of COVID-19 in regions of Russia and countries around the world. In addition, a user-friendly interface for visualizing collected and processed on the farm data was developed. This makes it possible to conduct visual numerical experiments of computer simulation and compare them with real data, turning the farm into an intelligent decision support information system.

Waste Management in Cities of India Need Introduction of Modular Concept for Sustainable Solutions

Waste Management in major cities in India is generally a grey area that needs proper attention. The rapid growth in population in cities caused due to mass influx of rural population in search of employment and better living and also the fast changing living standard in various strata of society are some of the major factors which are rendering even a properly planned scheme to a stage of inadequacy in a very short span of time. A scheme on waste management by the time it is physically implemented on ground is found to become under capacity, facing deficiencies all over places.Whether it is solid waste management or Waste Water Management, the issue of under design and need of augmentation is a common problem being faced on the ground. In such situations of rapid expanding dimensions of problems, introduction of Modular Concept in design of schemes can be more effective and convenient in design, implementation, and subsequent augmentations in phases.Solid waste management which is basically on the principle of 6 R i.e., Recycle, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Re-gift, and Recover, can be planned and designed on a modular basis for a population of 5000 to 10,000 and earmarking a zone of 100,000 sq. ft. as Solid Waste Area having various facilities for composting, incineration, plastic shredding facility, metal segregation cells, cell for electronic waste, and everything at a place to function in an organized manner. Such operations can be handled by RWAs collectively with necessary aids from municipal authorities and the government. Such modular units of waste handling can serve as a tool for local employment.The Modular Concept similarly can also be well applied to Waste Water Management for handling liquid waste from colonies of population of 5000 to 10,000. There are various methodologies for waste water treatments and waste water recycling depending on the nature of the waste, but out of the lot, use of RBC (Rotating Bio Contactors) is more appropriate for small/medium capacity which can be conveniently subjected to phase wise augmentation by adding additional modules time to time.The present concept for aggregating the waste and handling it to transport the entire waste, be it the solid waste or the liquid waste to a far corner of city area for purpose of centralised handling/treatment and disposal. This concept of centralised handling of large mass needs a re-look in the present scenario.

Research of Geometric and Information Models for Awning Structures

The article analyzes membrane (awning) structures, which become relevant due to their cost-effectiveness and the creation of original forms. The characteristics of awning structures, the possibilities of molding, the use of various materials and combined options for com-bining an awning with other materials are considered. Due to their cost-effectiveness, tent structures are becoming increasingly popular today, because in modern socio-economic conditions there is a need for the rapid construction of low-cost buildings to overcome the shortage of mobile housing and structures for other purposes. In the conditions of restoration of the lost objects of buildings and structures, the use of tent coverings is important. Their development was held back for a long time due to the non-compliance of domestic tent materials with the high requirements for tent coverings of this type, namely: strength, durability, color diversity, light fastness, etc. The use of hinged struc-tures allows you to create small architectural forms and mobile build-ingsthat are not only quickly erected, but also easilytransformed in accordance with a change in functionality. This allows you to create new types of objects, such as stadiums, airports, giant greenhouses, bo-tanical gardens, warehouses, etc. Modern technologies combine the advantages of industrial construction methods with the individualiza-tion of form and open the way to the use of various awning structures. Membrane coatings, as one of the modern trends in the presentation of a new form of roofing, create new spatial characteristics of architectur-al objects. They form expanses freed from bulky internal structures. The freedom of space determines the flexibility and functionality of its use, a high degree of adaptation and, as a result, the durability of the space and structure. Having a wide variety of forms, this type of coat-ing has broad prospects for use along with other architectural and struc-tural systems. To ensure such characteristics, the article proposes an in-formation model of the proportionality of the elements of the architec-tural form, established on the basis of the information modularity of the relations of the elements for the volumetric structure.

Readiness of teacher the interact with students of different nosologies

The readiness of a university teacher to interact with students of different nosologies has a modular basis, represented by personal, gnostic and procedural components. The article analyzes the current level of knowledge of teachers of the Samara State Institute of Culture and Samara University about the specific capabilities of students with various nosologies. This knowledge relates to the mental development of students; abilities to receive, process, store and use information; difficulties in verbal mediation of information storage and use; technical possibilities of organizing the learning process; readiness for collaborative learning. The preparation of university teachers for interaction with students of various nosologies is built on the basis of a system-holistic approach, its main principles: consistency, integrity, structurality, controllability, transformation.

No Morphological Integration of Dorsal Profiles in the Araucanian Horse (Colombia).

Simple SummaryMorphological modules are structures that have components which covary strongly, but that in turn are relatively independent of other modules, while morphological integration is understood to mean the coordinated morphological variation of the components of a functional whole. Important traits to describe equine breeds are the profiles of different body regions (alloidism). In this research, it was determined if the division between the cervical, dorsal, and rump profiles has a modular basis as well as a morphological integration. A total of 135 digital photographs were booked, in a lateral view (14 females and 121 geldings; age range: 2–20 years), of adult horses, an equine population typical of the floodplain of Arauca, NE Colombia. From each image, 25 reference points (semi-markers) were obtained at the dorsal level of the neck, back, and croup. The modularity hypothesis of different body profiles based on differentiated regions was tested using the RV coefficient, and a two-block partial least-squares analysis was used to assess the level of morphological integration. The results showed that each alloidic group reflected high integration but low modularity. The absence of the fragmentation of the alloidic assemblages would promote the adaptive capacity of the breed by linking coordinated functional responses to similar selection pressures, for example, field work.The aim of this research was to determine if the division between the cervical, dorsal, and croup profiles (three regions commonly assessed for descriptive profile purposes) has a modular basis as well as a morphological integration. For this, a total of 135 digital photographs were obtained, in a lateral view, of adult horses (14 females and 121 geldings; age range: 2–20 years), of the Araucanian breed, an equine population typical of the flooded savannah of Arauca, NE Colombia. From each image, 25 reference points (semi-landmarks) were obtained at the dorsal level of the neck, back, and croup. The hypothesis of the modularity of different body profiles based on differentiated regions was tested using the RV coefficient, and an analysis of two blocks of partial least-squares allowed the evaluation of the level of morphological integration. The results showed that each alloidic group reflected high integration but low modularity. The covariation between the modules was centered mainly on the withers, the loin, and the croup. For the studied profile blocks, no module can be considered. The absence of the fragmentation of the alloidic sets would promote the adaptive capacity of the breed by linking coordinated functional responses to similar selection pressures, e.g., field work. Although the integration between the neck, back, and croup profiles was proven, their modular covariation was low.

STAMINA: Bioinformatics Platform for Monitoring and Mitigating Pandemic Outbreaks

This paper presents the components and integrated outcome of a system that aims to achieve early detection, monitoring and mitigation of pandemic outbreaks. The architecture of the platform aims at providing a number of pandemic-response-related services, on a modular basis, that allows for the easy customization of the platform to address user’s needs per case. This customization is achieved through its ability to deploy only the necessary, loosely coupled services and tools for each case, and by providing a common authentication, data storage and data exchange infrastructure. This way, the platform can provide the necessary services without the burden of additional services that are not of use in the current deployment (e.g., predictive models for pathogens that are not endemic to the deployment area). All the decisions taken for the communication and integration of the tools that compose the platform adhere to this basic principle. The tools presented here as well as their integration is part of the project STAMINA.

Some new properties of g-frame in Hilbert C*-modules

The theory of frames which appeared in the last half of the century, has been generalized rapidly and various generalizations of frames in Hilbert spaces and Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. In this paper, we will give some new properties of modular Riesz basis and modular $g$-Riesz basis that present a generalization of the results established in a Hilbert space.

The Application Domain Extension (ADE) 4D Cadastral Data Model and Its Application in Turkey

The 3D cadastre, one of the most fundamental components of the 3D LAS (Land Administration System), aims to provide an integrated 3D view of legal (Right, Restrictions, and Responsibilities–RRR) and physical boundaries in multi-storey properties; therefore, to extend the flexible and modular basis of LADM, which best represents legal boundaries and RRRs, some integrated models using technical standards (e.g., CityGML, IFC, InfraGML) are developed to represent the full 3D cadastre. However, since most of the developed 3D integrated data models are designed at the conceptual level, there is a knowledge gap in logical data model relationships, which is the next processing step in the fully integrated 3D data model stage. The main argument of this study is an innovative ADE 4D Cadastral Data Model to represent 3D cadastral objects registration with time attributes using LADM and CityGML. The data management and organization are done in an open-source database for the Turkish cadastral system. This research will discuss two main topics. The first is how to implement a suitable way of realising LADM-based 3D cadastral object registration by focusing on developing the presentation of those cadastral objects to 4D (3D + t), with time attributes in alignment with the jurisdictional framework in Turkey. The second is how the data is managed in an open-source PostgreSQL database. In addition, the usage type of cadastral objects is shown in a CesiumJS, a visualisation platform. Moreover, this study will contribute to eliminating the knowledge gap between the conceptual and logical models.

A multipurpose TNM stage ontology for cancer registries

BackgroundPopulation-based cancer registries are a critical reference source for the surveillance and control of cancer. Cancer registries work extensively with the internationally recognised TNM classification system used to stage solid tumours, but the system is complex and compounded by the different TNM editions in concurrent use. TNM ontologies exist but the design requirements are different for the needs of the clinical and cancer-registry domains. Two TNM ontologies developed specifically for cancer registries were designed for different purposes and have limitations for serving wider application. A unified ontology is proposed to serve the various cancer registry TNM-related tasks and reduce the multiplication effects of different ontologies serving specific tasks. The ontology is comprehensive of the rules for TNM edition 7 as required by cancer registries and designed on a modular basis to allow extension to other TNM editions.ResultsA unified ontology was developed building on the experience and design of the existing ontologies. It follows a modular approach allowing plug in of components dependent upon any particular TNM edition. A Java front-end was developed to interface with the ontology via the Web Ontology Language application programme interface and enables batch validation or classification of cancer registry records. The programme also allows the means of automated error correction in some instances. Initial tests verified the design concept by correctly inferring TNM stage and successfully handling the TNM-related validation checks on a number of cancer case records, with a performance similar to that of an existing ontology dedicated to the task.ConclusionsThe unified ontology provides a multi-purpose tool for TNM-related tasks in a cancer registry and is scalable for different editions of TNM. It offers a convenient way of quickly checking validity of cancer case stage information and for batch processing of multi-record data via a dedicated front-end programme. The ontology is adaptable to many uses, either as a standalone TNM module or as a component in applications of wider focus. It provides a first step towards a single, unified TNM ontology for cancer registries.

Types of smart systems and their application in power grids

With the development of modern technologies, opportunities for an exchange of the increasing amount of information at ever higher speeds are created. The use of smart systems in electric power engineering creates conditions for improving the systems for monitoring, archiving, analysis and management. It is necessary to collect the basic information about the emergency modes automatically for analysis of the operation of the equipment and the parameters of the regimes in the power grids. The main questions to be decided are: what type of information is needed, how to use this information and at what are the different access levels, what should be the systems - local or global, how to exchange data. Smart systems for power grids and switchgears have been developed on a modular basis by almost all global manufacturers, as well as by many companies on individual assignments. The publication discusses the existing types of smart systems and the data they process. Suggestions have been made for the volume and structure of data that are needed for the analysis process.

СИСТЕМА ІНТЕРАКТИВНОГО ГОЛОСОВОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ГОТЕЛЬНИМ НОМЕРОМ

The article analyzes such a modern hotel innovation as a voice room control system, and also investigates the implementation of this system in hotel management. Existing examples of the implementation of this innovation in the world and in Ukraine were analyzed. The prospects for its development have been determined. Global companies that provide hotel room voice control services are considered. The characteristic features of the operation of the hotel, which has the function of voice control of the room, have been determined. The main possibilities and advantages of the most modern technologies of voice control of the number from those available on the market are considered. A set of voice control functions, which are necessary for solving many tasks in the management of a hotel enterprise, has been studied. It is determined under what conditions the company can receive additional income from the voice control system. The advantages of implementing innovation in hotel management and the benefits for the hotel administration and customers are summarized. The voice control system consists of a smart speaker and smart devices controlled by specialized software. With the help of voice commands, guests will be able to control the temperature and air conditioning of the room, audio-visual systems, order food in the room and tickets for events or transport, leave audio feedback about the stay to the hotel administrators. Also, this system will help to conduct analytics based on the services provided, conducted surveys and feedback. Voice control system can include voice concierge functions so that guests can instantly receive the necessary information related to their stay at the hotel, as well as the ability to quickly contact the administrator. This system also helps free the staff from routine issues and pay more attention to the processes that need their attention. The system is built on a modular basis and the hotel can independently choose the functions that should be in this software, as well as create new ones together with a team of specialists according to its own requirements. For example, an enterprise can choose a module for ordering meals from a hotel restaurant using voice commands.

AGILE МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ ERP-КЛАСУ

The article investigates and systematizes the implementation and operation of corporate information systems for planning and resource management ERP-class. ERP-class corporate systems are innovative information systems that provide comprehensive automation of enterprises and organizations. ERP systems for enterprise resource planning have developed rapidly over the past decades and now cover virtually all business processes and routine operations of the organization. Approaches to the definition of ERP-systems are systematized. It is defined that this is a generalized term that characterizes the software that implements the planning and management of all resources of the enterprise in a single database online. ERP systems are built on a modular basis and automate the following business processes: management and financial accounting, financial management, production planning and management, personnel management and development, logistics and supply chain management, quality management, project management and investment. Risk factors for the implementation of ERP systems are analyzed. The structure of the life cycle of corporate information systems is considered in detail. The life cycle of ERP systems consists of several phases that the system goes through during its existence in organizations: initiating a decision on the need to implement the system, requirements analysis, decision making, acquisition, implementation, use and maintenance, and finally the disposal phase. The system of flexible spiral life cycle models is integrated with the Agile methodology, which helps to more effectively plan, make decisions and implement information systems. The Scrum method, which divides the project into sprints and is used by small, highly motivated teams, is analyzed. Kanban is considered as a method of project management, which involves a continuous flow of tasks and their effective implementation. The advantages of using Agile methodology for implementing ERP systems are shown. It is proved that the further development of a flexible methodology for the implementation of ERP systems is associated with the ability to rationally combine and share the methods of Scrum and Kanban within a single project, using their benefits to efficiently and quickly perform tasks.

Аспекты сохранения малых водных объектов в урбанизированной среде

The globality of the problem of not only preserving water resources, but also finding ways to restore them is revealed. The importance of reducing the influence of the human factor on the state of water bodies bordering on urbanized spaces has been substantiated. Purpose: substantiation of the concept of harmonization of urbanized territories and small water bodies, by restoring the natural identity of the environment in the relationship of the triad «technology-technique-digitalization». To solve the problem, it is proposed to transfer research to the scientifi c and theoretical plane, using predicate analytics, risk analysis and IT technologies for modeling digital twins of the habitat. It is noted that modern technologies make it possible to take into account factor risks and adjust management decisions to obtain the planned result of restoring the eco-identity of a single water body, and as a result of the entire urbanized complex for sustainable existence in the long term. Consideration of water bodies is carried out from the standpoint of the theory of object-component modeling of the relationship of the triad «technology-technology-digitalization». The globality of the problem of not only the conservation of water resources, but also the search for ways to renew them is revealed. The importance of reducing the influence of the human factor on the state of water bodies bordering urbanized spaces is substantiated. An object description and representation of the architectural scheme of the influence of the system elements is performed, through the selection of marginal and accentuated components. An infogram of the relationship of the triad «technology-technique-digitalization» in the system of maintaining natural identity for the period of the full life cycle of water bodies is presented. The application of an integrated approach is justifi ed, including both technologies of constant monitoring of the water body and coastal territories, and optimization of the choice of technical means of cleaning and garbage collection. In the proposed scheme, the technological cycle for monitoring the purity of a water body and a coastal zone is implemented by a set of technical means completed on a modular basis based on a functional model presented in a modal format.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING INVESTMENT PROJECTS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT MULTI-FACTORITY BASED ON THE METHOD OF HIERARCHY ANALYSIS AND GAME THEORY

The paper describes the developed software product-the decision support system (DSS) «DSS Invect 2020» and its module «IT INVESTMENT», which can be used both independently and as part of the DSS «DSS Invect 2020». The DSS is designed to make recommendations to the DSS during the selection of rational financial strategies by investors. «DSS Invect 2020» allows you to evaluate the attractiveness of investment projects in the field of digitalization of enterprises. The DSS «DSS Invect 2020» is implemented on a modular basis. This makes it possible to supplement the DSS with other modules.

Scalable Architecture and Structure of Modules for Distributed Process Control System in Industrial Greenhouse Comp

With the growth of the population, the issue of food supply of cities with high-quality agricultural crops becomes urgent. Supply problems arising from this can be solved with the use of industrial greenhouse complexes with artificial lighting and groundless technologies. The development of these complexes makes the task of developing a control system to automate the cultivation processes urgent. Real industrial greenhouse complexes have a significant number of operations with the direct participation of personnel, which can be automated: control of the greenhouse microclimate, lighting, watering and preparation of the nutrient solution composition. This paper presents the architecture of a distributed control system for industrial greenhouse complexes. The system is built on a modular basis and is divided into three levels. The developed architecture is based on the use of standard modules, which makes the control system flexible and scalable. The paper also presents the basic design ratios, with the help of which it is possible to determine the required number of modules for the three levels of the proposed architecture. The use of wireless data transmission between modules based on LoRa technology allows you to abandon the laying of an information bus and at the same time deploy the system over large areas. Control of the system and its parameters is possible through direct human interaction with the interface of the control module or through remote interaction through the cloud. The architecture includes 3 types of executive modules, one combined sensor module and a control module. Each of the executive modules functions according to a given algorithm, and its parameters are controlled by a control module, based on a given growing program and information from sensors. This feature allows you to increase the reliability of the system and continue working in the event of a loss of communication with the cloud, as well as to exclude emergencies in the event of a loss of communication between the modules. The developed solutions make it possible to adapt the proposed control system for greenhouse complexes of various configurations and growing principles.

Calculation of elements of machine-building structures on vibration strength

A method and an automated system for calculating structural elements for vibration strength have been developed. The calculation algorithms are based on a new method of forming Rayleigh-type functionals and minimizing them by the coordinate descent method. The use of the coordinate descent method avoids the problems associated with the formation, storage and operation of global matrices of stiffness and mass. This makes it possible to solve large-scale problems using only the operational memory of the PC. The developed approach allows to solve problems on own and forced fluctuations. The software is formed on a modular basis, which allows you to improve and expand this package of applications. The software has been tested on a large number of test and application tasks. The proposed calculation method and the developed automated system were implemented in engineering practice.

Survival rates and reasons for revision of different stem designs in total hip arthroplasty for developmental dysplasia: a regional registry study

IntroductionTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) in dysplastic hips is challenging, and each specific implant used in this context has been associated with specific complications. A registry study was performed to query survival rates, hazard ratios, and reasons for revision of different stem designs in THAs after developmental dysplasia of the hip.Materials and methodsA regional arthroplasty registry was inquired about cementless THAs performed for hip dysplasia from 2000 to 2017. Patients were stratified according to stem design in tapered (TAP; wedge and rectangular), anatomic (ANAT), and conical (CON), and divided on the basis of modularity (modular, M; nonmodular, NM). In total, 2039 TAP stems (548 M and 1491 NM), 1435 ANAT (1072 M and 363 NM), and 2287 CON (1020 M and 1267 NM) implants were included. Survival rates and reasons for revisions were compared.ResultsThe groups were homogeneous for demographics, but not fully comparable in terms of implant features. NM-CON stems showed the highest risk of failure (significant) and a high risk for cup aseptic loosening (2.5%). The adjusted risk ratio showed that NM-CON was more prone to failure (HR versus NM-ANAT: 3.30; 95%CI 1.64–7.87; p = 0.0003). Revision rates for dislocations and stem aseptic loosening did not differ between cohorts.ConclusionsNM-CON stems showed the highest risk of failure, especially high rates of cup aseptic loosening. NM-CON implants were not more prone to dislocations and stem aseptic loosening. Clinical comparative studies are required to investigate the causes of NM-CON failures, which may be due to abnormal acetabular morphology or imperfect restoration of the proximal biomechanics.