Basis Of New Technology Research Articles

Geohydroacoustic Noise Monitoring of Under-Ice Water Areas of Northern Seas

The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental research into the structure of geohydroacoustic wave fields generated in continuous ice-covered northern seas. A simplified mathematical model is constructed that takes into account experimental data demonstrating that the generation of different types of geohydroacoustic waves in the lithosphere–hydrosphere–ice cover system are primarily influenced by the water layer with the ice cover. The seafloor structure mainly affects the characteristics of propagating waves rather than the generation of new modes. Mathematical modeling results have laid the basis for new technologies to localize inhomogeneities in ice-covered water areas. The main distinguishing feature of this novel technology for monitoring a medium under ice-covered marine conditions is the possibility to measure noise signal parameters without active geohydroacoustic emission sources. Methods that measure the characteristics of surface-type waves are the most promising for use in northern sea conditions, in particular, microseismic sounding and noise tomography. Integration of these methods combines the recent achievements of passive geophysics and takes into account the particularities of underwater acoustics. To obtain information on the wave propagation medium, both the wave field amplitude and phase characteristics are used. To detect particular types of waves in records, spatiotemporal signal processing methods are used with the appropriate choice of frequency range. The authors describe their new-generation seismohydroacoustic information-measuring modules (embedded buoys), which are equipped with vector and molecular-electronic primary transducers. The information-measuring modules are designed for combined use with distributed ice-class arrays capable of monitoring continuous ice-covered northern seas year round. Studies of how ice-embedded information-measuring systems function, as well as verification of the obtained theoretical results, were carried out during field tests in February 2017. At each measurement point, the receiver system consisted of three reference devices that took measurements on the seafloor, in the water column, and on the ice surface. Mockups of the tested geohydroacoustic buoys were embedded at points offset by 1 km. Dropped 32 kg weights were used as the sources. Controlled perturbations in the ice experiments made it possible to obtain qualitative spectrograms of geohydroacoustic perturbations in layered structures and analyze the dispersion curves. When the fundamental bottom modes were studied, the signal source consisted of an underwater charge at a depth of 10 m. The embedded seismohydroaoustic information-measuring modules successfully passed the ice-based tests in field conditions at low temperatures, demonstrating the reliability of the obtained seismohydroacoustic information. The experimental data agree very well with theoretical estimates obtained with the created model of a layered geological medium. These studies demonstrated that natural sea noise contains useful information reflecting the internal structure of the seafloor and the water layer and led to development of the instrumental and methodological foundations of a noise technology for localizing inhomogeneities in the aquatic environment and layered bottom structures of northern seas by means of passive microseismic noise monitoring.

Two-stage commercial evaluation of engineering systems production projects for high-rise buildings

The paper is devoted to the current and debatable problem of methodology of choosing the effective innovative enterprises for venture financing. A two-stage system of commercial innovation evaluation based on the UNIDO methodology is proposed. Engineering systems account for 25 to 40% of the cost of high-rise residential buildings. This proportion increases with the use of new construction technologies. Analysis of the construction market in Russia showed that the production of internal engineering systems elements based on innovative technologies has a growth trend. The production of simple elements is organized in small enterprises on the basis of new technologies. The most attractive for development is the use of venture financing of small innovative business. To improve the efficiency of these operations, the paper proposes a methodology for a two-stage evaluation of small business development projects. A two-stage system of commercial evaluation of innovative projects allows creating an information base for informed and coordinated decision-making on venture financing of enterprises that produce engineering systems elements for the construction business.

Training of transport industry personnel in the digital economy: the evolution of information educational technology

The urgency of the study is stipulated by the problem of professional training of personnel for the leading industries of the material production of the Russian Federation, one of which is the transport industry, in the context of implementation of the digital economy program and the integrated scientific and technological project “Digital Railway”. The nature of knowledge belonging to the intellectual field of the industry is revealed through the synthesis of the humanitarian (associated with man) and formal logical (associated with artificial systems). New requirements make it necessary to refer to modern educational technologies in the e-learning paradigm 3.0. Such technologies are based on knowledge presented in accordance with the international standard ISO/IEC - in the ontology format. In this regard, this paper is aimed at revealing the possibilities of semantic technologies in the development of virtual learning environments for educational organizations in the network structure of sectoral subordination in the open projects model. Development of ontological content is carried out remotely by joint efforts of representatives of the employer and education. FSBEI of Higher Education “Siberian State Transport University” (Novosibirsk) implements an interuniversity project on the development of the multilingual electronic learning environment “Onto.plus” on the basis of new technologies in the format of the digital economy. The proposed educational solution has been tested in the real learning process. Its effectiveness has been proved for the training of future transport industry personnel; the directions of the project development are outlined.

Spreading degree assessment of information and communication technologies in Ukraine and its regions

Achievements of economics of knowledge (EK) on regional and national level are only possible through active application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in production and commercial activity of enterprises. It is on the basis of new technologies used in business that the processes of generation, accumulation, utilization and diffusion of knowledge are accelerated among enterprise personnel and partners, additional opportunities are provided for their economic and intellectual development, and innovation prospects are opened with the development of e-strategies. The purpose of the article is to determine the tendencies concerning ICT application processes in enterprises’ production and commercial activity that favor the formation of economics of knowledge in the country and its regions. The object of the study is the activity of Ukrainian business and the processes of information and communication technologies within it. In order to achieve the stated purpose the methods of integration and grouping of statistical data, and also of generalization and logics, as well as tables and graphic materials are used in the article. Such methods allowed to identify tendencies in the processes of informatization and computer business, personnel attraction to advanced technologies, to use local and wide-scale corporative nets, to apply Internet network and social media for production purposes, to master technical skills by personnel for the sake of the opportunity to spread information and communicative technologies in all kinds of activity of enterprises. Based on the defined tendencies and peculiarities of information and communication technologies, the various measures are proposed in order to increase their application effectiveness to promote the quick formation of economics of knowledge in the country and its regions.

A Trichosporonales genome tree based on 27 haploid and three evolutionarily conserved 'natural' hybrid genomes.

To construct a backbone tree consisting of basidiomycetous yeasts, draft genome sequences from 25 species of Trichosporonales (Tremellomycetes, Basidiomycota) were generated. In addition to the hybrid genomes of Trichosporon coremiiforme and Trichosporon ovoides that we described previously, we identified an interspecies hybrid genome in Cutaneotrichosporon mucoides (formerly Trichosporon mucoides). This hybrid genome had a gene retention rate of ~55%, and its closest haploid relative was Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis. After constructing the C. mucoides subgenomes, we generated a phylogenetic tree using genome data from the 27 haploid species and the subgenome data from the three hybrid genome species. It was a high-quality tree with 100% bootstrap support for all of the branches. The genome-based tree provided superior resolution compared with previous multi-gene analyses. Although our backbone tree does not include all Trichosporonales genera (e.g. Cryptotrichosporon), it will be valuable for future analyses of genome data. Interest in interspecies hybrid fungal genomes has recently increased because they may provide a basis for new technologies. The three Trichosporonales hybrid genomes described in this study are different from well-characterized hybrid genomes (e.g. those of Saccharomyces pastorianus and Saccharomyces bayanus) because these hybridization events probably occurred in the distant evolutionary past. Hence, they will be useful for studying genome stability following hybridization and speciation events. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Hydrooligomerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons as a basis of new technologies for the production of motor fuel compounds

A brief analysis is performed for the current state of processes for the production of motor fuels based on the consecutive oligomerization and hydrogenation reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Some new butene hydrooligomerization catalysts based on the bifunctional NiO/В2O3–Al2O3, PdO/В2O3–Al2O3, and MoO3/В2O3–Al2O3 systems are considered. It is shown that the best process performance parameters (a 67 wt % yield of liquid С5+ products at a butene conversion of more than 90%) are achieved with PdO/В2O3–Al2O3 catalyst prereduced in a hydrogen medium. The possibility of acetylene hydrooligomerization on NiO/B2O3–Al2O3 catalyst is demonstrated in principle. It is established that the presence of nickel(II) cations chemically bonded to the surface of a support is of fundamental importance for both acetylene hydrooligomerization and ethylene oligomerization.

Rozwój technologii informacyjnej w planowaniu procesu wprowadzenia e-podręczników

Systems organizing education have always been connected with functioning of the social system. Gaining new expertise and, consequently, achieving higher social status, is connected with education. The directives of the Ministry of National Education (MEN) favor adjusting school to the changing environment and school needs. The teacher of a particular subject makes a decision concerning the choice of a student’s book, which is included in the books set for a given year by the headmaster of the school and approved by teachers’ board. MEN has lately worked on preparing e-student’s books for every subject and level of teaching in order to limit the costs of purchasing new student books and adapt students to the needs of the changing world on the basis of new technologies of transmitting information.

Atom-by-atom fabrication by electron beam via induced phase transformations

Abstract

PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING THE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ROCKET AND SPACE ENTERPRISES

The paper presents an important problem of the rocket and space industry: increasing the efficiency of use of accumulated knowledge in the form of heterogeneous documents describing results of intellectual activity. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the knowledge management system built on the basis of new technologies. Its novelty lies in the use of ontology of domains (Semantic Web) and "multi-agent Internet" as an intellectual base for knowledge management for rocket and space industry enterprises and the entire industry. The paper analyzes and compares available ontology editors and points out their advantages and disadvantages. The paper also gives an example of using the proposed approach for describing the ontology, and provides a mechanism for creating a semantic descriptor based on the design and operational documentation for a product. The results are presented in the form of the developed methods and tools for building knowledge management systems. Practical use of the knowledge management system can improve efficiency of reuse of results of intellectual activity, increase productivity of experts in the rocket and space industry through semantization of accumulated material, as well as improve semantic support of communication and interaction processes between industry employees and experts.

Hydrooligomerization of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons as the Basis of New Technologies for Manufacturing of Motor Fuel Components

Hydrooligomerization of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons as the Basis of New Technologies for Manufacturing of Motor Fuel Components

The peaceful atom comes to campus

Youthful idealism, institutional ambition, and Cold War sensibilities all helped shape the Michigan Memorial–Phoenix Project, the University of Michigan’s tribute to fallen World War II soldiers.

An Era Of High-tech Materials

The design of innovative materials is one of measure for driving industry to place the sustainable basis of new technology in order to enhance the wealth and well-being of society. The last half century has realized a vital development in the area of high-tech materials ranging from various elements and composites, emerged through synthetic chemistry and often drawing motivation from the nature. The idea of an intelligent material imagines added values in terms of functionality built into the materials structure desirable to response the defined conditions. The previous two decades has emerged to understand the extraordinary behavior and properties of engineered nanostructured materials.

Survival of women with cancer in Samara region

Analysis of the survival of women with cancer was performed to assess effectiveness of cancer control programs in Samara region in 2003-2012. The calculation of the results involved a dynamic (actuarial) method based on the tables of survivorship. The study showed that Samara region has high quality health care for women with cancer because all survival parameters in most cancers have stable and reliable positive trends. Moreover positive trends are registered for the results of relative survival, though they were less significant and so far unreliable. This suggests further development and improvement of health care for women with cancer. Implementation of a target program “Development of Health care in Samara region in 2014-2020” includes practical realization of innovative organizational decisions on the basis of new technologies offered by basic science and tested in some developed countries.

The modern state system of ensuring the quality of the transportation process of the railways

The purpose . The work is devoted to consideration of methods of improving the quality of freight transportation, the search of ways of development of logistics technologies, the introduction of innovative technical means and methods of transportation. Methods . To ensure the maximum economic efficiency of the transportation of goods and passengers is proposed to consider the system of rational calculations of technical equipment and technological modes of transport. The Results . In the work proposed addition to the existing indicators to enter the index of competitiveness of railway transport, and define such indicators of quality: the coefficient of transport support consumers, the coefficient of the transport accessibility of the cargo owners, the factor of safety of traffic, the coefficient of environmental transport processes. Scientific novelty . Much attention is paid to new approaches to the optimization of the transportation process, operating on the basis of new technologies, automated systems for the integrated management and operational practices of Supervisory control and energy efficiency. The practical significance . The paper discusses the approach that will enable rail transport not only qualitatively and in full to meet the actual traffic demand of the consumers of transport services, but also to constantly attract new ones, which will contribute to a stable and progressive economic development, and thus will strengthen the position of Railways in the transport market. Railways for their own survival on the transport market are forced to provide high competitiveness, namely improving the quality of transportation. The quality of transportation provides for the implementation of all traffic, ensuring timely delivery and safety of cargo.

ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION OF GLOBAL PRODUCTION AND USE OF RARE-EARTH METALS

The article considers the current situation with the REM global production and application. Basic data on global REM production and consumption are presented. The REM necessity is grounded. REM is shown to present the basis of new technologies servicing the needs of the modern society such as energy saving technologies and alternative energy sources, environment protection, miniaturization of digital technologies. REM are essential for the most advanced economy sectors (the term “essential” means, that the material in question can not be substituted by an other without substantial deterioration in the properties of the final product. The article describes the main stages and factors in creation of the REM industry in China, the principal of them are : – the USA and Europe policy to transfer rare earth metals technologies and equipment to China in pursuit of raw materials and cheap labor; – the active support of the rare-earth metal industry by the Chinese government.

Lexical Properties of Slovene Sign Language: A Corpus-Based Study

Slovene Sign Language (SZJ) has as yet received little attention from linguists. This article presents some basic facts about SZJ, its history, current status, and a description of the Slovene Sign Language Corpus and Pilot Grammar (SIGNOR) project, which compiled and annotated a representative corpus of SZJ. Finally, selected quantitative data extracted from the corpus are presented. The article discusses certain lexical and semantic properties of SZJ, for example, the role of fillers and gestures. Figures are compared to related works, particularly corpus-based studies of British Sign Language (BSL) and Auslan. The article concludes by outlining plans for future research and ways in which the present corpus could improve basic reference works for SZJ and serve as a basis for new technologies.

Intergenerational Competitive Strategies for Industry Standards

1. IntroductionAs is well known, securing the industry standard is critical in corporate strategy, particularly for products affected by network externality. Companies have fiercely competed over formats for music records and VTRs in the past and, more recently, for third-generation mobile phones. In these lines of business, the system that is set as the industry standard greatly influences a company's subsequent competitive edge.Where network externality is involved, supply-demand behavior and anticipation thereof (e.g., knowing the supplier and consumers behavior) become more important for a product to be the industry standard than the extent of the product's functional superiority. To influence prediction and establish a favorable industry standard, a company may delay the launch of a product and move in step with or disclose its technology to other companies and actively encourage imitation. Such practices are frequently observed in these types of industry (Asaba, 1995).Once established, an industry standard tends to steer the industry over a long period. However, control based on a specific industry standard does not persist indefinitely. Setting standards for a given product entails reducing the freedom to choose technology. When very detailed and rigorous technical specifications are adopted, the range of technological choice will be greatly reduced, and the scope for product differentiation and product improvement will possibly disappear in extreme cases. Consequently, when facing newly developed technologies that could not be anticipated when the existing standards were set and cannot be integrated into existing standards, companies must change the current industry standard to utilize the new technologies.1Users can maximize their benefit from the effects of network externality by preserving the existing industry standard. However, by doing so, they will face a dilemma as the products and services with even better functionality that incorporate new technologies cannot be used indefinitely. Moreover, companies that have been defeated in the standardization race are likely to promptly advocate a new standard on the basis of new technology and endeavor to make it the new industry standard.This paper analyzes the main factors that hamper the generational switch of industry standards and illustrates competitive strategies necessary for this switch. Strategies designed to develop next-generation industry standards can be called intergenerational competitive strategies whereas strategies to establish industry standards are defined as intragenerational competitive strategies. Generational switch is a phenomenon observed in nearly all industries, but it is particularly prominent in industries that face rapid technological progress, such as the ICT industry. This paper discusses the family console game industry, which exemplifies this phenomenon.* 22. Obstacles for Changing to New StandardsDuring the generational switch of an industry standard, if companies suffer defeat in the standardization race, they obtain the opportunity to reverse their fortunes if leading companies are unable to maintain compatibility with existing standards. However, it does not necessarily follow that a new product incompatible with the industry standard will fulfill the expectations of the company launching it and that the generational switch from the industry standard will progress smoothly. Excess inertia comes into play when users continue to opt for an older product, although they all welcome the new product. Conversely, the effects of excess momentum can result in a complete switch to a new product, notwithstanding the social desirability of preserving the older product (Farrell & Saloner, 1987).The reason for such situations arising is the uncertain success of a new product. As a result, a user's options change depending on his or her predictions of other users' purchasing behavior. A new product will not gain popularity if the majority of users are pessimistic about its prospects. …

Research Regarding the Importance of Soil Quality Index (Creditworthiness - CWS) on Wheat Yield and on Soil Conservation in Burnas Plain

The paper intends to present the soil quality effect (CWS), given by the National Institute of Soil Science official creditworthiness marks on the Burnas Plain wheat yield. In this way is created the scientific basis for new technologies (varieties) that are about to provide a better exploitation of the soil and of its characteristics, as well as the influence of biotic and abiotic factors (water, heat) from Burnas Plain, a significant wheat growing area. There has been found a positive correlation between soil quality and yield. It was also observed that increasing technologies are reducing the differences of production in order to equalize between yields on poorer soils compared to the richest. Therefore, the soil working technologies solves numerous defects of poor or degraded soils. For this, the working capital is decisive and so is the agricultural science well applied.

Wheat Production Obtaining Patterns according to the Aridity Index ( AR ) , Soil Creditworthiness ( CWs ) and Technological Processes Intensity ( TPI)

The present study aims to present the effect of aridity index (AR ) calculated by the UNEP version, of the quality of soil      (CWs) , given by the official creditworthiness marks of the National Institute of Soil Science and of the agricultural intensity degree ( TPI ) at var ious levels of agricultural exploitation over the wheat yield in Romania. That creates the scientific basis for new technologies, which will be able to better exploit the water, so precious for the semiarid areas where wheat grows. A negative correlation between AR and the average wheat yield in the last 10 years and a positive one between soil quality and production were found.

Role of Workers in the Process of Innovation Implementation in Polish Wood Industry Companies

Abstract Wood industry enterprises are an important branch of the Polish economy. More and more companies in this sector starts to work on the basis of new technologies, standards and policies, such as the idea of sustainable development. An important factor that may accelerate the implementation of innovative solutions or their employees are slowing. Their commitment and belief in the validity of the changes will depend on whether the innovation desired effect. Article is to show the factors affecting the slow process of innovation in the company with particular emphasis on the role of workers