Basic Sectors Research Articles

PENGARUH FRAUD PENTAGON TERHADAP KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DENGAN KOMITE AUDIT SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

This study aims to examine and obtain empirical evidence regarding the Effect of Pentagon Fraud on Financial Statement Fraud with the Audit Committee as a Moderating Variable in manufacturing companies in the Basic Industry and Chemical sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018–2021. The research sample collection technique used a purposive sampling method, resulting in a sample of 21 companies with a total of 84 observations and using an associative quantitative approach. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis, with data processing using Eviews 12. The results showed that the Ineffective Oversight as a Pentagon Fraud mechanism had an effect on Financial Statement Fraud. Financial Stability, Auditor Change, Board of Directors Change, Frequency of Appearance of CEO Images as a Pentagon Fraud mechanism has no effect on Financial Statement fraud. The Audit Committee cannot moderate Financial Stability, Oversight Ineffectiveness, Auditor Change, Directors Change, CEO Image Appearance as a Pentagon Fraud mechanism against Financial Statement Fraud.

Factor analysis of food security in Kazakhstan

The country's food security is an important component of the national security system and, as such, characterizes the economic stability and political independence of the state, its ability to provide for the elementary primary needs of its citizens without prejudice to national state interests. The purpose of the study based on factor analysis is to provide the state of the food market and justify the economic opportunities for ensuring food security in Kazakhstan. Food supply of the population remains an urgent problem of the socio-economic development of the regions of Kazakhstan, since it must guarantee the population food independence, the availability of food from domestic sources at scientifically sound standards, affordable prices and the amount necessary to ensure normal life. Analyzing the state of the food market and choosing among them the most optimal for providing the population with food products and making effective management decisions is an important tasks in creating a strategy for ensuring the country's food security. Scientific research was carried out on the basis of the AEC management sectors using statistical materials (statistical data of the Republic of Kazakhstan), and general scientific and private research methods. Based on the comparative Bureau of the National ASPR RK analysis, the main trends in the development of food security in Kazakhstan were identified. In this research work, predictive methods were also used to determine the prospects for the development of food security in Kazakhstan. The study presents the results of the consumption of certain types of agricultural products per capita. The national norms of food consumption were compared with the physiological norms of consumption, and the regional aspect of average per capita consumption was considered in terms of the minimum and maximum volume of consumption. Considering the specialization of the regions, the existing territorial organization of the agro-industrial complex, the optimization of raw material zones of processing enterprises, the emerging shifts in food self-sufficiency, a positive trend in food consumption in the present and future is given. This article provides recommendations for ensuring safe and quality food security.

A network approach to analyse Australia’s blue economy policy and legislative arrangements

Governance systems are complex adaptive systems where multiple components interact extensively. This is the case for governance of the blue economy, focused on sustainable development of marine resources. Here, the relevant policy and legislative arrangements are fragmented, and marine uses, activities and resources are generally managed on a sectoral basis by independent entities from multiple jurisdictions. In Australia, for example, complex arrangements have created uncertainty in relation to what, when, how, and by whom blue economy activities are possible. Network approaches to map and analyse complex systems could potentially improve our understanding and facilitate management of policy and legal complexity. Yet, there are few studies that have adopted such approaches in ocean governance. Our research demonstrates the application of an innovative approach based on network graphs and text mining to analyse a policy and legislative system associated with Australia’s blue economy (i.e., policy and legal arrangements applicable to the coastal and marine areas within the seaward boundaries of the continental shelf around the State of Tasmania). Using a database of over 2000 international, federal, state policy and legislative arrangements, cross-sector analyses were undertaken to identify potential gaps and overlaps that may hinder the deployment of blue economy activities, particularly those relating to integrated seafood and energy production systems. Our graphs allowed quick and easy visualisation of policy and legislative clusters around government entities, relationships between those entities and clusters, as well as potential gaps and overlaps in the existing policy and legislative landscape. Results point to a lack of integration and a need for fit-for-purpose policy and legislation, particularly for the development of co-located blue economy activities. Our approach may be used in research of other complex governance settings to inform policymaking as well as for communication and educational purposes.

The Effect of Intellectual Capital and Executive Compensation on Financial Performance

This study aims to determine the effect of intellectual capital and executive compensation on financial performance in Basic Materials Sector Companies listed on the IDX based on financial statement data for 201 8-2021. The data was tested using the panel data regression method. The population used is Basic Materials Sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2018-2021. This study used purposive sampling method and obtained 35 companies during 4 years of observation. The results of this study show that intellectual capital as measured by VAIC has a positive and significant effect on financial performance and partial executive compensation also affects financial performance. Companies in the basic materials sector are expected to provide internal evaluations to maximize the management of intellectual capital owned and the efficiency of using company assets to improve financial performance in order to be able to foster competition in companies in the basic materials sector. Issuers should also take into account the level of executive compensation for key management in order to advance the financial performance of an issuer by (agent).

Perbedaan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan pada Sektor Industri Dasar Kimia dan Aneka Industri

The most important component in an entity is the value of the company. This study aims to analyze the factors that can affect company value in the basic chemical industry sector and the various industrial sectors listed on the IDX in 2018-2021. This type of research is quantitative. The data used is in the form of secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements. The population of this study were 129 companies in the basic chemical industry sector and various industrial sectors and obtained a sample of 42 companies taken based on criteria using the purposive sampling method and then tested with multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study show that company size, capital structure, and liquidity have an effect on the firm value of the basic chemical industry sector. Meanwhile, profitability has no effect on the firm value of the basic chemical industry sector. The capital structure variable influences the value of companies in various industrial sectors. Meanwhile, the variable firm size, profitability, and capital structure have no effect on firm value in various industrial sectors

Basic Education Sector Service Delivery: Challenges Faced by Managers and Practitioners in Botswana

The purpose of this study was to explore the conceptualisation, practices and experiences of Education managers and practitioners regarding service delivery in the Botswana basic education sector. The study used a qualitative multiple case study, which employed social constructivism to investigate the quality-of-service delivery in the basic education sector in Botswana. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data generated through semi-structured interviews, document reviews and questionnaires. The findings of the study show that all 23 participants did not efficiently and effectively deliver services to customers. It was revealed that this was due to a top-down approach, inadequate resources, insufficient support during training and non-compliance to the implementation of service delivery policy reforms. The contribution of this study comes from the use of Public Service Dominant Theory (PSDT) and Expectancy theory in the basic education sector. This theoretical framework shifts the paradigm towards new ways of looking at things. The findings of the study call for policymakers and policy implementers to be equipped with skills and competencies, so that they would be able to understand their expectations and/or the different roles they play in policy implementation and compliance. The study found that there was a gap between policy and practice and this gap can be closed by policymakers fully interacting with policy implementers in the formulation of policy reforms aimed at improving service delivery. More research is required to identify efficient and effective ways of implementing and complying with service delivery policy reforms. Keywords: Basic education sector, Botswana, expectancy theory, implementation challenges, public service dominant theory.

PEMETAAN SEKTOR EKONOMI UNGGULAN KOTA BANDA ACEH DENGAN METODE TIPOLOGY KLASSEN DAN LOCATION QUOTIENT

This study aims to map the leading economic sectors of Banda Aceh City in Aceh Province which are advanced and developing rapidly, stagnant sector, potential sectors that are still developing, sectors that are relatively underdeveloped, and the basic sector. The data used in this study are from the publication of the Central Bureau of Statistics for Aceh Province and also for the City of Banda Aceh, information from scientific publications such as journals, research reports, and related literature study. The results of the analysis using the Klassen typology method and Location Quotient (LQ) conclude that out of 17 (seventeen) sectors in GRDP, there are 6 (six) developed and rapidly developing sectors (developed sectors), 7 (seven) developed but depressed sectors (stagnant sectors), 2 (two) sectors that have potential or are still capable of developing (developing sectors) and 1 (one) sector that is relatively underdeveloped (underdeveloped sector). The leading sector with LQ value 1, there are 13 (thirteen) basic sectors in the economy of Banda Aceh City, namely corporate services; water supply; procurement of electricity and gas; provision of accommodation; educational services; government administration; information and Communication; housing area; transportation and warehousing; financial and insurance services; other services; health services; as well as the wholesale and retail trade sector. Keywords : The leading economic sectors, klassen typology, location quotien

Firm Size Moderate Relationship Between Capital Structure and Profitability with Dividend Policy: An Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Data

This study aims to determine effect of capital structure and profitability on dividend policy by including firm size as a moderating variable. The samples in this study were 26 companies from 65 Basic Industrial and Chemical Manufacturing Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011-2019, which were determined by purposive technique. The results showed that firm size is a variable that determines the strengthening and weakening of the relationship of capital structure with dividend policy also between profitability with dividend policy. Increasing firm size or increasing company assets do not provide incentives to increase the level of company profitability as measured by return on equity. Likewise, an increase in company assets does not provide incentives to increase dividend ratios, as an estimate of an increase in company income due to increased production capacity and company sales capacity. The larger firm size provides an incentive to increase the debt ratio because of the increasing need for funding to increase its investment in long-term assets. An increase in company size is also an indication for an increase in dividend ratios due to the estimated increase in company profits due to increased company revenue. Therefore, the determinants of capital structure and dividend policy in emerging markets such as the Indonesian market share the same set of suggested factors with the developed markets.

The impact of the post-Brexit migration system on the UK labour market

ABSTRACT The end of free movement and the introduction of the post-Brexit migration system represent a major structural change to the UK labour market. We provide a descriptive assessment of the impact on a sectoral basis. We examine how overall labour force growth has differed between sectors, both overall and in terms of the extent to which this growth was driven by migrant workers, both from the EU and from outside the EU, prior to the pandemic. We construct counterfactuals, which we contrast with observed outturns, as well as with data on visas issued by sector. Our analysis suggests that, although migration overall is currently running at least at pre-pandemic levels, the post-Brexit migration system has produced, as designed, a clear break with pre-Brexit trends, reducing labour supply for some sectors. There remains a substantial ‘shortfall’ in migration for work. However, these impacts differ very considerably between sectors. In lower-skilled sectors, work-related migration under free movement does not appear to have been replaced by additional visa issuance under the new system. Meanwhile, in higher skilled sectors, visa issuance has increased, and does appear to be consistent with levels of migration that are broadly in line with pre-pandemic, pre-Brexit trend.

Analisis Kebijakan Dividen Perusahaan dan Kebijakan Hutang (Studi Kasus Pada Sektor Industri Dasar dan Kimia di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of dividend policy analysis proxied by the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) and debt policy proxied by the Debt To Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a sample of manufacturing companies in the basic and chemical industry sectors that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2020-2021. The type of data used in this research is secondary data. Data analysis was performed by analyzing financial ratios, namely the Dividend Payout Ratio and the Debt To Equity Ratio. The results of this study indicate that: 1). Dividend policy in review from the ratio of market prospects as measured by the DPR's Dividend Payout Ratio, it can be seen that the company's ability to pay dividends is stable. Meanwhile 2). The company's debt policy in terms of the solvency ratio (Leverage/coverage) as measured by the Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) for 2020-2021 can be categorized as high with a low.

PERBANDINGAN RISIKO PASAR (BETA SAHAM) PADA 9 SEKTOR PERUSAHAAN DI PASAR MODAL

The objective of this research is to identify the effects of market risk (stock beta) across nine sectors of companies in capital market on the return produced during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia in the short and the long term. This quantitative research uses two variables: stock returns in composite index obtained from idx.co.id as the dependent variable and market risk (stock beta) and the index of the nine sectors as the independent variables. The results of the analysis indicate that four hypotheses were proven in the long term; they are agricultural sector, basic industry sector, consumption goods sector, and property sector. The said finding indicates that, during the Covid-19 pandemic, anytime the stock price and the market risk increase, the stock return of the composite index will drop. Hence, when the stock price and the market risk of those sector rise, the number of investors buying the four sectoral stock will decrease. In the short term, three hypotheses were accepted; they are in agricultural sector, basic industry sector, and consumption goods sector. During the Covid-19 pandemic, any increase in the sectors’ stock price and market risk will be followed by a decline in the composite index’s return because when the stock price and market risk increase, the number of investors

EFFECT OF CASH HOLDING, PROFITABILITY AND FINANCIAL LEVERAGE ON COMPANY VALUE

This study aims to determine the effect of cash holding, profitability and financial leverage on firm value, especially in companies in the basic and chemical industrial sectors. This research is a quantitative research with a causal approach. The research operational variables consist of the characteristics of cash holding, profitability and financial leverage as independent variables and firm value as the dependent variable. The research population is Manufacturing Companies in the Basic Industry and Chemical Sector Registered on the IDX in 2018-2020. The sample collection technique was carried out using a purposive sampling technique and the data used were secondary data taken from idx.co.id. Data analysis used the classical assumption test with four steps, namely normality test, heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test and autocorrelation test and was processed by multiple linear regression analysis and statistical t test. The results of this study indicate that the three variables have a significant influence on firm value. The results of this study are expected to help companies, especially in the manufacturing sector, maintain cash levels, profits, and pay off debts

EXPLORING UNDER PRICING OF SELECT NSE-LISTED IPOs IN INDIA WITH RESPECT TO DIFFERENT MACRO-ECONOMIC SECTORS

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) are subscribed by the interested investors at the offer price or issue price. Eventually, under-pricing or over pricing is seen after listing of securities and many factors influence the price performance of IPOs. In this backdrop, the current study analyses the first day price performance of IPOs on the basis of the various macro-economic sectors of the NSE. The study explores the various measures of first day returns on the basis of the different categories of the NSE-based sectors of the sample IPOs companies.

Investigation of the pandemic impact of companies operating in BIST-30 with cluster analysis in the context of financial performance indicators

Purpose- Financial performance indicators of the pandemic effect in companies operating in BIST-30 were grouped as pre-pandemic and pandemic period, and it was tried to determine whether there were clustering differences between companies by using the cluster analysis method. Methodology- Within the scope of the study, financial performance indicators of current ratio, liquidity ratio, leverage ratio, return on equity, return on assets, net profit margin, equity/assets and current assets/assets of the companies operating in BIST-30 for the years 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 were used. The data for 2018 and 2019 are grouped as pre-pandemic, while the data for 2020 and 2021 are grouped as the pandemic period. These indicators were obtained from Stockeys and KAP. Cluster analysis was applied to the data. Ward technique was used in cluster analysis. SPSS Statistics 22 program was used in the study. Findings- In the cluster analysis conducted in the context of financial performance indicators, 3 clusters were identified before and during the pandemic. While companies operating in the mining sector were in one of the clusters before the pandemic, it was determined that the other clusters did not form a sectoral unity within themselves. While companies operating in the mining sector were located in one of the clusters formed during the pandemic period, companies operating in the transportation sector were clustered in the other cluster. It has been determined that the companies in the other cluster do not form a union on a sectoral basis. Conclusion- As a result of the analysis, it was determined that companies operating in the mining sector were separated from other clusters before and during the pandemic. It has been determined that companies operating in the transportation sector have differentiated from other companies during the pandemic period and formed a new cluster. Except for the mining and transportation sectors, no difference was detected between the clusters before the pandemic and during the pandemic period. One of the reasons why the enterprises operating in the mining sector are in a separate cluster during the pandemic period can be considered as the increase in commodity prices during the pandemic period. The reason why companies operating in the transportation sector are in different clusters can be considered as the negative reflection of the closure of flights in the pandemic period on the balance sheet of the companies. Keywords: Covid-19, financial performance, cluster analysis JEL Codes: I19, G14 ,C38

The Influence of Profitability, Firm Size, and Capital Structure on Firm Value with Managerial Ownership as Moderation Variables (Empirical Study of Basic Material Sector Companies on the IDX in 2019-2021)

The condition of the Covid'19 pandemic resulted in a decrease in firm value. The purpose of this study was to analyze profitability, firm size, and capital structure on firm value with managerial ownership as a moderating variable. The population in this study is the company's basic materials registered on the IDX in 2019-2021, the sampling method is purposive sampling, the sample used was 38 samples with certain criteria, while the method of analysis in this study used MRA multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that profitability does not affect firm value, firm size hurts negative firm value, capital structure has a positive effect on firm value, managerial ownership can moderate profitability, firm size is on firm value, and managerial ownership is not able to moderate capital structure on firm value. This research contributes to the field of financial accounting in the form of insight into the factors that influence firm value during a pandemic.

Financial Performance from The Perspective of Stakeholder Theory

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure represents a manifestation of corporate commitment to environmental responsibility, mandated by legal requirements. Its significance lies in its dual role of enhancing company performance and serving as a pivotal aspect of social accounting. The implementation of CSR is crucial, given its potential to ameliorate social equilibrium and welfare within society. This study seeks to empirically examine the impact of profitability, leverage, and public ownership on CSR disclosure, incorporating the Company Size variable as a control. Employing nonprobability sampling, the research encompasses a sample of 60 companies within the basic materials sector, with data analysis conducted through multiple linear regression analysis. The findings underscore a substantial and statistically significant influence of Profitability, Leverage, and Public Ownership on CSR disclosure. Notably, the research introduces a novel element by integrating the control variable of company size into the research model, differentiating it from prior studies in this domain.

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kinerja Lingkungan, dan Voluntary Disclosure terhadap Nilai Perusahaan: Studi Empiris Perusahaan Sektor Industri Dasar dan Kimia yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of firm size, environmental performance, and voluntary disclosure partially and simultaneously on firm value in basic and chemical industrial companies. This study uses a type of causal research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is the basic and chemical industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014 - 2020 as many as 80 companies. This study used a purposive sampling technique with a selected sample of 16 companies. This study uses secondary data obtained from www.idx.co.id and company sites. The data analysis method used is panel data regression analysis. The measurement of firm value follows the latest Tobin's Q measurement by comparing the market value of equity with the book value of equity. The results showed that the variables of firm size, environmental performance, and voluntary disclosure simultaneously had no effect on firm value. Based on the partial test, firm size and environmental performance variables have no effect on firm value with a negative relationship direction and voluntary disclosure variables have a significant negative effect on firm value. For further research, it is recommended to use other variables and expand the research sample.

Effect Of Investment Decisions, Funding Decisions, And Inflation Rate On Company Value In The Basic And Chemical Industry Sector Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange For The 2017-2021 Period

This study seeks to ascertain the effects of funding choices, investment decisions, and inflation rates on firm value in manufacturing firms in the basic and chemical industries listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In this study, a purposive sample of 10 basic industrial and chemical manufacturing firms was used. With the aid of SPSS 25.0 software for Windows, the analysis used in this study included descriptive statistical analysis, linearity testing, normality testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis testing, correlation coefficient testing, determination (), and hypothesis testing. In contrast to funding decisions, which are shown to have a considerable impact on firm value by independent variables, the results reveal that investment decisions and inflation rates have no significant impact on firm value. Simultaneously investment decisions, funding decisions, and inflation rates have a significant effect on firm value in the basic and chemical industry sectors listed on the IDX.

THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON FIRM VALUE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AS INTERVENING VARIABLES IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN THE BASIC AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL SECTORS ON INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE YEAR 2012-2020

This study aims to determine the effect of intellectual capital on firm value and financial performance as an intervening variable. In addition, this study also aims to determine whether financial performance can be used as an intervening variable in this research model.This type of research is quantitative research. The population in this study are manufacturing companies in the basic and chemical industrial sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Samples were taken using a non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling method, so that 13 companies were selected with 117 total observations. The data analysis technique used path analysis technique.The results of the analysis show that VACA and VAHU have no significant effect on financial performance while STVA has a significant effect on financial performance. VACA and VAHU have a significant effect on firm value while STVA has no significant effect. The financial performance variable cannot mediate the effect of VACA and VAHU on firm value while it can mediate the effect of STVA on firm value.

POTENSI EKONOMI BERDASARKAN PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO (PDRB) DI KALIMANTAN UTARA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SHIFT-SHARE

Abstract: The problems in this study are based on the results of previous studies on basic and non-base sector analysis in both East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan, which showed that the agricultural sector has a national specialization that is growing slowly, even though the vision and mission in Bulungan district are in 2016-2021 is Realizing Bulungan Regency as an Industry-Based Food Center, while Bulungan Regency is the capital of North Kalimantan Province. Other sectors, such as the mining sector, have a fast-growing national specialization and the wholesale and retail trade sectors have local or regional competitiveness because many traders in North Kalimantan Province have characteristics such as bead carving, tourism, customs, and others. , which can attract tourists and improve people's welfare People's welfare in the province of North Kalimantan is still below the national average and is ranked second from the bottom. Of course, if the North Kalimantan provincial government does not know or is able to identify which economic sectors can improve people's welfare, it will have an impact on decreasing the level of welfare. Therefore a study is needed to identify which sectors have potential base and non-base potential in North Kalimantan province based on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data. To identify these sectors, the analytical method used is Shift Share, in which this method measures the difference in the growth rate of various sectors in the region or region with the national region, meaning whether the industry that created the economic sector located in North Kalimantan is included in the industrial group that is The national sector is indeed growing rapidly and the industry is suitable for being located in North Kalimantan and if other sectors are not yet optimal, then the provincial and regional governments can develop these other sectors which are growing slowly and become a priority. The data to be examined are the North Kalimantan Province's Gross Regional Domestic Product data and the national Gross Domestic Product data which were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of North Kalimantan Province. The stages of the research method to be carried out are 1). Collection of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data based on current prices in 2019 for the province of North Kalimantan; 2). The collection of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data is based on current prices in 2019 for the national territory, in this case the whole of Indonesia; 3). Perform calculations with the Shift-Share method.Keywords :PDRB; PDB; Shift-Share; Kalimantan Utara