Basic Quality Research Articles

An Investigation into the Informational Teaching Design of the Principles of Flight Course

With the rapid development of information technology, the education teaching mode has gradually stepped into the era of informatization. In the field of higher education, the principle of flight course, as an important theoretical course, provides solid support for cultivating the basic quality and ability of aviation students. Taking the principle of flight course as an example, this paper analyzes the current problems in the teaching design of the principle of flight course and discusses in depth the application strategies of informatization teaching design in improving the teaching effect and enhancing the practical ability of students, aiming to provide a reference for the promotion of the reform of informatization in education and teaching.

“Whenever I tell her to wear slippers, she turns a deaf ear. She never listens”: a qualitative descriptive research on the barriers to basic lymphedema management and quality of life in lymphatic filariasis patients in a rural block of eastern India

BackgroundChronic lymphatic filariasis patients in Bihar, India, need management of lymphedema to live a disability-free life. For patients who have recurrent attacks of acute dermato-lymphangio-adenitis (ADLA), World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended simple home-based measures that include maintaining hygiene, skin care, and limb movement. However, patients in rural areas are unable to adopt them, resulting in a vicious cycle of ADLA attacks. There might be multiple realities from patients’ and healthcare workers’ perspectives that were unexplored. Qualitative research was deemed best suitable to identify the barriers to carrying out home-based lymphedema practices that adversely affected quality of life.MethodsThe qualitative descriptive study was conducted in two villages in the rural field practice area under a tertiary care hospital in Bihar. Researchers purposively selected ten participants, including patients affected by lymphedema, their caregivers, the grassroots healthcare workers, and the block health manager. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were entered into QDA Miner Lite, where researchers did attribute, in-vivo, process, descriptive, emotion, and holistic coding, followed by content analysis, where categories and themes emerged from the codes.ResultsThree themes emerged: the inherent nature of disease, patient-related factors, and healthcare system-related factors. The fifteen identified barriers were low awareness, low adherence, low health-seeking behavior, poor personal hygiene, and categories like signs and symptoms, seasonal factors, hampered activities of daily living, hopelessness from not getting cured, psychosocial difficulty, lack of capacity building and receipt of incentives by healthcare workers, unavailability of laboratory diagnosis and management of complications at the facility, inconsistent drug supply, and no financial assistance.ConclusionsAccessibility to WaSH, regular training of home-based care, increasing the capacity and motivation of grassroots workers, and the generation of in-depth awareness among the patients are required to achieve the elimination of filariasis, with MMDP as a key component of that strategy for endemic districts across the whole country.Graphical

Challenges of University Science and Technology Ethics Education in the New Era of Artificial Intelligence

New artificial intelligence has emerged strongly with an unstoppable trend. The emergence of ChatGPT has brought new impacts and challenges to education and ethics. The importance of science and technology ethics education is unprecedentedly prominent in such an era. Science and technology ethics should be an important basic quality necessary for young people in the new era of science and technology. As the main front for personnel training and scientific research, universities shoulder the important mission of finding the direction of scientific research and implementing the main responsibility of science and technology ethics management. Starting from the characteristics of ChatGPT generative artificial intelligence itself, This study aims to analyze the threat of artificial intelligence to higher education academic ethics (including the academic dishonesty and inertia of thoughts), privacy security and credit crisis, false information fabrication, algorithmic bias and discrimination in artificial intelligence by studying the current situation of science and technology ethics education in colleges and universities. Based on the analyses, the study explores new directions and paths for the future development of universities science and technology ethics education.

Effectiveness of Basic Quality Improvement Techniques in Reducing Patient Waiting Time for Outpatient Services at Primary Care Hospitals - An Interventional Study at Two Sri Lankan Divisional Hospitals

Effectiveness of Basic Quality Improvement Techniques in Reducing Patient Waiting Time for Outpatient Services at Primary Care Hospitals - An Interventional Study at Two Sri Lankan Divisional Hospitals

Five decades of research on psychological treatments of depression: A historical and meta-analytic overview.

Since the 1970s, hundreds of randomized trials have examined the effects of psychotherapies for depression, and this number is increasing every year. In this study, we report outcomes from a living systematic review of these studies. We use Poisson regression analyses to examine if the proportions of studies have changed over time across the characteristics of the participants, therapies, and studies. We also present a meta-analysis of the effects across the major types, formats, targets, and age groups. We included 562 randomized controlled trials (669 comparisons; 66,361 patients). Most trials are conducted in adults and the relative proportion of trials in children and adolescents, as well as in older patients is significantly decreasing. The effects in children and adolescents are also significantly smaller than in adults (p = .007). Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is by far the best examined type of therapy (52%), but not necessarily more effective than other therapies. Over time, the proportion of studies examining several other types of therapy is significantly decreased compared to CBT. The quality of trials has increased over time, but still, a majority do not meet basic quality criteria, not even in recent years. The effects found in studies with low risk of bias are significantly smaller than in other studies (b = -0.21; SE = 0.05; p < .001). Most trials are conducted in the United States, but the proportion of studies in other parts of the world is rapidly increasing. The evidence that psychotherapies are effective is strong and growing every year. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Pharmaceutical and Preliminary Analytical Evaluation of Tutthamruta malahara

Malahara is an ointment an unique dosage form used for topical applications and have been introduced quite late as medicine in Ayurvedic System of Medicine. The current study aims to introduce Tutthamruta Malahara, as an easy preparation as explained in Rasatarangini a treatise of Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics (Ras Shastra avum Bhaishajya kalpna), with special indication in Paama Kushta. The formulation was prepared by adopting fusion method as per the classical reference. Analytical study was carried out to understand quality, purity of the formulation. Dark olive pastel green coloured, homogenous mixture with characteristic smell was obtained. Its refractive Index, spreadability, peroxide value acid values were 1.483, 11g.cm/ s, 41.01m eq O2/Kg, 0.35mg KOH/ g respectively and rancidity was absent. This study also evaluates the basic quality parameters of Malahara Kalpana.

Machine learning approach for determining the water quality of freshwater lakes: A case study on selected lakes of Chennai, India

AbstractMonitoring freshwater quality in urban like Chennai is indispensable as the chief drinking water source for the city originates from freshwater lakes. This study portrays an economical, user‐friendly, economical method to detect water quality. A machine learning‐based portable water quality check test kit was developed along with a user interface. To validate the efficiency of the portable kit, this study focussed on the ten major freshwater lakes of Chennai City. Basic quality parameters of water, such as the potential of hydrogen (pH), level of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and total phosphate (T.P.), were considered when designing this mobile phone‐compatible user interface application. The experiment used and tested water samples from ten different lakes with the commercially available freshwater master test kit. The images of color developed during the test were captured, and corresponding Red, Green, Blue (RGB) values were calculated. These values were used in Igray, Iavg, and Euclidean distance algorithms to predict the pollution level of the samples. Based on the models, the Euclidean model fitted well with the calibration data with a correlation value of more than 0.98 for all the parameters. Percent accuracy values of the methods used in this study were compared, and the Euclidean model showed more than 98% accuracy for all parameters. The result of this study is alarming that all the ten freshwater lakes considered in this study were hypereutrophic.

Effects of water environmental factors and antibiotics on bacterial community in urban landscape lakes

The presence of antibiotics can affect the natural microbial community and exert selective pressure on the environment's microorganisms. This study focused on three types of urban landscape lakes in Xi'an that were closely related to human activities. By combining basic water quality indicators, antibiotic occurrence status, bacterial communities and their potential metabolic functions, Spearman correlation coefficient and redundancy analysis were used to explore the relationship between them, and further explore the impact mechanism of environmental factors and antibiotics on bacterial community structure. The results showed that ofloxacin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin were the main types of antibiotics in the three landscape lakes, with low ecological risks, and there was a clear clustering of antibiotic occurrence. Proteobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phylum, and each lake had its own unique dominant bacteria, which indicates that they are influenced by varying water sources, pollution, and other nearby environments. Statistical analysis showed that pH and nitrogen nutrients were the most critical environmental factors affecting bacterial communities (P<0.01), while tetracyclines and lincomycins were the antibiotics that had a significant impact on bacterial communities (P<0.05). Antibiotics mainly promote defense- and signal transduction-related functions, and inhibit the metabolic activity of bacterial communities. However, the impact of antibiotics on bacterial diversity, community structure, and potential metabolic function in the three urban lakes was less than that of environmental factors. These results help to clarify the mechanism and degree of impact of different interference factors (environmental factors, conventional pollutants, and antibiotics) on bacterial communities in the water environment and are important for the management of urban landscape lake water environments.

Complex turbulent exchange coefficient in Akerblom–Ekman model

Abstract The turbulent exchange in boundary layer models is usually characterized by a scalar eddy viscosity coefficient assumed to be a positive function of the vertical variable. We introduce a more general form for the turbulence exchange description, which includes two functions that describe the turbulence without any assumption about their positivity. We construct a model of the Akerblom–Ekman type, but with a complex coefficient of turbulent exchange. The basic quality criterion for these models and algorithms is the maximal agreement with meteorological observations. We optimize the agreement between the global meteorological archive of high-resolution wind observations that are provided by World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in Binary Universal Form for the Representation (BUFR). The main result of our work is that agreement between model solutions and observations will be much better if the turbulent exchange coefficient is optimized in the space of all complex-valued functions, and not limited to the cone of real positive functions.

EDUCATION AS A TOOL FOR STABILISING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS

The impact of education on society and the economy is manifested in the reproduction and improvement of: human resources, social capital, personnel, professional and qualification potential of enterprises; motivations and incentives for human development, economic activities, productive employment; standards, benchmarks, priorities of economic and non-economic activities; creative (knowledge and rent generating) potential of social technological support. The purposes of the article are: to determine the features of effective balanced satisfaction of the educational needs of the population and economy, which results in the resilience, sustainable development of the state and society; to identify the shortcomings of modern management approaches to the processes organisation for meeting educational needs and staffing in Ukraine; to justify relevant guidelines and priorities for the educational system and macroeconomic development. The methods of research include: analysis and generalisation of literary sources on the problems of organisation and prospects of improvement of education, social activities of personnel provision for the Ukrainian economy, reproduction and optimisation of professional, qualification and innovation potential; comparison of regularities and problems of the educational system functioning as a progressive stimulus and component of the Ukrainian economy, which allows to synthesise and systematise the urgent priorities for activation of the potentials of education itself and the workforce in order to provide the state resilience and sustainable development in the complex internal and macro-regional realities of today. The role of education as a social institution, an individual and collective resource that creates an environment and provides opportunities to achieve acceptable competitiveness criteria for a range of subjects at micro-, meso- and macro-competitive levels, is constantly increasing in the globalised world. At the same time, the principles and priorities of the reproduction and use of human resources and the labour force itself, the systemic processes of normalisation and deregulation of various aspects of the functioning of the labour sphere, the formation and implementation of social capital, the coordination of administrative and market levers of relevant practices and measures, the sequence of their guidelines have a powerful impact on: the content of comprehensive and professional education recognised as socially necessary (i.e., provided to the average consumer through services of legally recognised basic quality); the quality of material, technical and personnel support of the education system; directions of its modernisation. Fulfilment of the conditions and measures for ensuring compliance of the systems of education and employment organisation with the dynamic requirements of the scientific and technological progress, implementation of their prognostic functions to meet the prospective needs of the economy in personnel requires the participation of a wide range of public institutions and subjects of legislative regulation, macroeconomic and branch administration, provision of services for education, career guidance, personnel selection, employment, certification, material and technical support of various educational and qualification processes.

Analysis of the difference of test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil

For earthworks (house foundation, road, ....), the degree of compaction is the basic quality factor to ensure long-term stability and economic efficiency of the project. The higher the degree of compaction, the greater the building load capacity. However, the degree of compaction of the structure depends not only on the material, but also on equipment and compaction energy. For each type of material, the degree of compaction is expressed as the ratio of the actual applied dry volumetric mass achieved to the maximum dry volumetric mass of the same soil determined by the standard compaction test. standard in the laboratory. Therefore, laboratory tests to determine the standard compaction value must be studied to suit the compaction construction technology. Standard soil compaction in the laboratory is determined based on two main compaction devices: the standard Proctor device and the improved Proctor device.

유아교사들이 인식하는 교사의 핵심역량에 관한 연구

Objectives This study aims to investigate early childhood teachers' perceptions of what core competencies are required for effective job performance in the field of early childhood education, and to identify the future com-petencies of early childhood teachers according to rapidly changing social situations.&#x0D; Methods Research participants were 12 current teachers working at early childhood education institutions, and three focus interviews were conducted, and the 52 transcripts were analyzed according to a qualitative analysis process.&#x0D; Results First, the participants wanted to compose professionalism/personality in teaching profession as a com-petence and emphasized basic skill and quality. Second, they insisted that infants and toddlers’ developmental stage need to be segmented, and thus the developmental stage by age of months and the details on devel-opmental characteristics after seven years of age should be added. Third, they argued that the teachers need to enhance their competences as a play supporter so that the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum can be operated. Lastly, they demanded the development of programs for interpersonal relations and the communication competences and the evaluation method improvement in evaluation and accreditation. The Although the importance of eco-logical transformation education, democratic citizenship education, and digital literacy reflected in the 2022 ele-mentary, middle and high school curriculum revision as core competencies for future education of early childhood teachers is recognized, there is a lack of understanding of the practice method in the field of early childhood education.&#x0D; Conclusions The results of this study can be reflected in the composition of the curriculum for pre-service early childhood teachers and the training contents of in-service teachers, which can enhance the core competence of teachers for future education. As a follow-up study, it is necessary to explore a core competency model for fos-tering early childhood teachers that reflects the core competency required in the field of early childhood education and responding to changes in the future society.

Some Training Methods of Speech Communication in Universities

One of the main tasks at the current stage of development of higher education is to update professional education by strengthening its practical orientation while maintaining basic quality. A review of psychological, pedagogical, linguistic and methodological literature shows that the topic of teaching oral speech has been considered much more widely in recent years. Many scientists have analyzed it. The article is devoted to the analysis of modern methods of teaching languages, aimed at developing the language skills of students in non-philological fields of study. The purpose of this study is to highlight some of the theoretical foundations of the system of teaching professional language activities based on interdisciplinary integration and to outline the optimal implementation of the university course “Kyrgyz language and culture of speech” in the training of non-philology students.

A quality-control framework for sub-daily flow and level data for hydrological modelling in Great Britain

Abstract The absence of an accessible and quality-assured national flow dataset is a limiting factor in sub-daily hydrological modelling in Great Britain. The recent development of measuring authority APIs and projects such as the Floods and Droughts Research Infrastructure (FDRI) programme aim to facilitate access to such data. Basic quality-control (QC) of 15-minute data is performed by the data collection authorities and the National River Flow Archive (NRFA). Still, there is a need for a comprehensible and verifiable quality control methodology. This paper presents an initial assessment of the available data and examines what needs to be done for applicability of the data at national scale. The 15-minute flow series has many inconsistencies, and there are also inconsistencies with the NRFA Annual Maximum values. When producing a QCed dataset, decisions regarding the retention of data values need to be taken and recorded. Furthermore, QC should remove and rectify erroneous values, such as negative and above world record flows; and an assessment of homogeneity and truncated values in the stations could be beneficial to flag suspect data. The complex chain for production and changeability of flow and level data makes data curation and governance imperative to assure the longevity of the dataset.

Characteristics of Oat and Buckwheat Malt Grains for Use in the Production of Fermented Foods.

Malted gluten-free cereal grains and pseudo-cereals are interesting raw materials for producing fermented foods. The aim of the work was to assess selected technological quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of special malts in terms of use in the production of fermented foods. The research material consisted of malts made from oat, buckwheat, and brewing barley. Malting was performed on a microtechnical scale according to the standard scheme for brewing barley grain. The basic quality parameters of cereal grains obtained malts, and laboratory wort were assessed according to methods applicable in brewing. Atypical brewing malts were characterized by parameters such as malt extractability, protein solubilization, diastatic force, mash filtration time, and wort viscosity. The best results, comparable to barley malt, were obtained for naked oat malt. Malted buckwheat grains turned out to be the least biochemically modified, although their use in the production of beer and/or other fermented beverages is supported by the high content of bioactive substances and antioxidant potential. As the malting process of cereal plants improves their antioxidant properties and increases their nutritional value, oat and buckwheat malts can be successfully used to produce gluten-free fermented beverages or as an addition to fermented products, e.g., in baking and confectionery.

Transcriptomes of aging brain, heart, muscle, and spleen from female and male African turquoise killifish

The African turquoise killifish is an emerging vertebrate model organism with great potential for aging research due to its naturally short lifespan. Thus far, turquoise killifish aging ‘omic’ studies have examined a single organ, single sex and/or evaluated samples from non-reference strains. Here, we describe a resource dataset of ribosomal RNA-depleted RNA-seq libraries generated from the brain, heart, muscle, and spleen from both sexes, as well as young and old animals, in the reference GRZ turquoise killifish strain. We provide basic quality control steps and demonstrate the utility of our dataset by performing differential gene expression and gene ontology analyses by age and sex. Importantly, we show that age has a greater impact than sex on transcriptional landscapes across probed tissues. Finally, we confirm transcription of transposable elements (TEs), which are highly abundant and increase in expression with age in brain tissue. This dataset will be a useful resource for exploring gene and TE expression as a function of both age and sex in a powerful naturally short-lived vertebrate model.

Low-Pressure Plasma Treatment Increased the Quality and Characteristic Flavor of Lyophilized Lemon Slices

Low-pressure plasma (LPP) treatment was implemented as a nonthermal technology to preserve the organoleptic and nutritional qualities of lyophilized lemon slices. Effects of LPP treatment on the basic quality and flavor characteristics of lyophilized lemon slices stored for 7 d were evaluated. Fresh lyophilized lemon slices were prepared as a reference. The total titratable acids and sugars were in the range of 1.00∼1.11 mg/mL and 190.21∼197.37 mg/mL. The total phenolic content and Vc gradually decreased during storage from 1.74 to 1.33 mg/mL and 0.53 to 0.31 mg/mL. LPP had minor effects on total sugars and total titrate acids but prevented the storage losses of vitamin C (Vc) and phenols. A total of 35 volatile organic compounds were identified with C10 monoterpenoids being the major compounds. C6-C9 aldehydes corresponding to a green grassy aroma gradually decreased with increasing storage time. The gallery plot confirmed the different compositions of volatile organic compounds in LPP-treated samples. LPP-treated lemon slices had a higher content of preferred aromatic substances (terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, α-terpinene, and limonene) with a citrus-like flavor. These results demonstrated the positive effect of LPP treatment on retaining the flavor characteristics of lemon slices.

Co-processed [Argania spinosa L. (Skeels)] oil with thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves—New product optimization

Substituting synthetic antioxidants with naturally occurring antioxidants has been in the focus of several recent studies. Medicinal and aromatic plants are known to contain a wide array of bioactive compounds. These are endowed with an important antioxidant capacity and other biological activities. This work aimed at assessing potentiality of thyme leaves (TL) as natural additive to enrich and improve oxidative stability of argan oil (AO). To do this, three different proportions (2, 5, and 10%) of TL were added to argan kernels (edible part of fruits) during AO mechanical extraction. AO physicochemical and sensory parameters were evaluated. Such parameters consisted of basic quality indices, fatty acids, sensory evaluation, antioxidant capacity using DPPH• and FRAP assays, pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), as well as total phenolic compounds (simple phenolic compounds (SPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC)). The obtained results revealed an improvement of enriched AO physicochemical traits. In fact; at the end of the experiment, there was an increase of pigments, SPC, TFC, antioxidant capacity but a decrease of peroxide value and total oxidation of enriched AO (EAO) as compared to unenriched AO (UAO) in a dose-dependent manner. Regarding fatty acids, generally there are no significant changes between enriched and unenriched AO. Sensory analysis is satisfactory with a reduction of rancidity in EAO depending on TL proportion. However, EAO was marked by high scores of thyme color, flavor, and smell especially with TL at 5 and 10%. Based on the outcomes of this work, it could be concluded that enrichment of AO using TL is a good alternative to synthetic antioxidants giving rise to a new functional product.

EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH SERVICES IN JAILOLO REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of health services at the Jailolo Hospital and to determine the factors that influence the effectiveness of the Jailolo Hospital services. This research method uses a qualitative method with a descriptive research type. The data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation techniques. To determine the effectiveness of health services at the Jailolo Hospital, researchers analyzed data using six indicators according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia number 4 of 2019 concerning Technical Standards for Fulfilling Basic Service Quality in Minimum Service Standards in the Health Sector. The results showed that the effectiveness of health services at the Jailolo Hospital had been carried out but not yet fully effective because there were still services that were complained about because they were not good in terms of discipline and comfort. Polyclinic directions were not provided, the lack of medical support equipment, and complaints were aspirated through the form of complaints that have been provided by the complaint installation. The Jailolo Hospital always improves and updates suggestions/aspirations from the community and factors that affect the effectiveness of services, namely the awareness factor of officers to serve service users with their capabilities. Regulatory factors greatly affect services as well as good timeliness procedures that have been set but have not been implemented by service personnel; the human resource factor affects the effectiveness of services because attitude training and education related to health services have not been provided. The service facility factor is also important for the achievement of service effectiveness because by providing medical services and medical support to the maximum, it will lead to a positive response from service users which can increase the effectiveness of Jailolo Hospital services.

Exogenous ʟ-tryptophan treatment increases the concentrations of melatonin and aroma compounds in grape berries and wine

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) is a substrate for the biosynthesis of melatonin, and melatonin is a signal molecule that alters the secondary metabolite profile; whether Trp treatments promote the biosynthesis of melatonin to regulate aroma compounds in grape berries and wine remains unclear. Here, the content of melatonin was higher in Marselan grapes and wine than that in other grape cultivars. Marselan grapes were subjected to 30 different Trp treatments. The content of melatonin and aroma compounds in Marselan grapes was increased by several treatments. Increases in the content of volatiles were mainly driven by increases in aldehydes. Hexanal, the most abundant aldehyde compound, was the main contributor to increases in aldehydes following Trp treatment. The results of our study indicate that the root application of 250 mg/L l-tryptophan during the fruiting expansion stage and the spraying application of 50 mg/L l-tryptophan spray during the veraison stage were the optimal treatments because the content of melatonin and aroma compounds, as well as other basic quality parameters, were highest in Trp-treated grape berries and wine in these treatments. Overall, these two effective Trp treatments could be used to enhance the content of melatonin and aroma compounds in Marselan grapes, and this could increase the economic value of this cultivar.