Basic General Education Research Articles

Teachers’ professional ideas on the characteristics of evaluation of educational results of students with limited health abilities on lessons of physics and mathematics

Introduction. The article is dedicated to the problem of evaluating educational achievements of students with limited health abilities in the classes of physics and mathematics. The results of the research aimed at the study of professional views of the teachers on the issues of conducting interim certification of students at the level of basic general education are presented in this work. The actuality of the study is determined by the need to improve the quality of general education of students with OHS, which is directly related to the assessment of their educational results. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted among physics and mathematics teachers using an online questionnaire, consisting of problems, the answers to which characterize the professional positions of teachers in terms of defining goals, developing assessment tools, using a differentiated approach and creating special conditions when conducting midterm assessment and assessing the educational results of students with special educational needs. Results. The results of the study showed a fairly wide variability of the views of the teachers on the subject studied. The majority of respondents point to the need to modify and differentiate the ratings by the degree of complexity, allowing to provide different types of assistance to students, and consider it necessary to create special conditions. At the same time, in practice, part of the teachers address the problem quite formally, and in some cases the special educational needs of the students are ignored. Discussion and Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the author, on the one hand, notes the insufficient scientific development of the problem, on the other hand, he identifies some professional deficits of physics and mathematics teachers in terms of competencies related to the assessment of educational results. These deficits, according to the author, can be overcome by developing and including in the content of the main and additional professional educational programs sections related to the study of the special educational needs of different categories of students with disabilities, which determine the features of assessing their educational achievements, including the features of adapting assessment tools and assessment procedures, creating special conditions.

Реализация требований федеральной рабочей программы основного общего образования при обучении геометрии

The article is based on the main key ideas of formation, planned meta-subject results. The article considers the methodology of implementation of the requirements of the federal working program of basic general education in teaching mathematics, taking into account the goals of teaching mathematics. An approach to the formation of cognitive universal educational actions of students in teaching geometry is proposed, using educational tasks and educational assignments.

Effective technologies for the development of semantic reading skills in students of basic general education

Introduction. In the context of an increase in the amount of information that general education students receive, the use of innovative technologies for developing semantic reading skills is relevant. Possession of the skills of meaningful reading and working with information serves as the foundation for acquiring knowledge in modern society. With the growing emphasis on the digital economy and digital technologies, developing strong reading skills has become essential. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of using quantum technologies to develop semantic reading skills and the ability to work with information for the development of reading literacy of students in basic general education. Materials and methods. 97 5th grade students of the Petrozavodsk Presidential Cadet School (Russian Federation, Republic of Karelia). Methods: pedagogical experiment, comparative analysis, diagnostics of the level of semantic reading (quantum technologies), observation, self-assessment of students, statistical processing using the t-test for related samples, Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results of the study. It is revealed that the development of semantic reading skills through quantum technologies is effective for 5th grade students. As a result of the analysis of the effectiveness of the formative experiment, a change in the indicators characterizing the development of semantic reading skills and the positive dynamics of academic performance in the experimental groups (p < 0,001) was revealed. Conclusion. The use of quantum technologies for the development of semantic reading skills has confirmed its effectiveness at the level of basic general education, which has had a positive impact on student academic performance. The results obtained can be used by teachers of basic general education both in extracurricular activities and in various academic subjects.

Математическая, читательская, естественно-научная грамотность в основной школе: взаимосвязь, преемственность, интеграция

The article is devoted to the problem of developing functional literacy in primary school students. The results of a comparative analysis of the formed and tested types of activities of the basic components of functional literacy (Reading, Mathematics, Science) are presented. Identical and specific types of activities are identified. Using the example of the results of completing tasks of meta-subject regional diagnostic work by schoolchildren in the Moscow region, the existence of a problem of transferring identical competencies from one type of literacy to others was demonstrated. A solution to this problem has been proposed. The article is addressed to teachers implementing federal educational programs of basic general education, regional coordinators of the project «Monitoring the formation of functional literacy of students».

Gamification in the Teaching-Learning Process of Social Studies to Encourage Participation in Basic General Education

Currently, the development of new information technologies has generated great changes, including in its advancement to the educational sector, hence this research addresses gamification in the teaching-learning process of Social Studies to encourage participation in general education. basic; The population is limited to a sample of 31 students, corresponding to the 10th year of basic general education of the “Miguel Ángel Suárez” high school in the city of Loja, the methodological approach used is quantitative, and is combined with quantitative descriptive research to gain a complete and accurate understanding of the effects of gamification on student engagement. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the perception and participation of the students. The results obtained highlight the need to adapt active methodologies to satisfy the demands of today's society and promote digital skills in the classroom. This research highlights the importance of transforming traditional education towards more engaging and participatory approaches, where gamification can play a fundamental role in improving the educational process and student engagement.

Gamification as an educational strategy in the learning of arithmetic for elementary school students

Arithmetic knowledge in the education of students of General Basic Higher Education (EGBS) is fundamental, since it is the basis of mathematics and its branches, such as Algebra, Geometry and Calculus. This research work seeks to contribute to the improvement of arithmetic learning through gamification as a pedagogical tool for eighth grade EGBS students. For this purpose, a quantitative methodology was used to measure learning progress, develop didactic material with educational games as pedagogical tools and evaluate the evolution of arithmetic knowledge, with the objective that students reach the minimum knowledge required according to the educational standards established by the Ministry of Education for the eighth grade of EGBS. In addition, the inductive method was applied, obtaining conclusions from the observation of specific facts by grouping students and having them develop the proposed material. This allowed establishing precise conclusions, showing that 100% of the students satisfactorily surpassed the knowledge required for their level. In conclusion, it was determined that gamification through didactic material with educational games is an adequate methodology in the face of the large amount of distractions faced by young students both in society and in technological social media.

МАТЕМАТИКА КУРСУН ОКУТУУДА КЫЙМЫЛ МАСЕЛЕЛЕРИН ЧЫГАРУУНУН МЕТОДИКАЛЫК КӨРСӨТМӨЛӨРҮ

At present, in accordance with the program of basic general education, a special place in mathematics teaching is occupied by the development of students' independence in solving motion problems. There is no doubt that the mathematical problem of motion enables the student to formulate mathematical concepts correctly, to clarify various aspects of his environment, and to apply theoretical concepts. Solving full-scale problems defined by the program contributes to knowledge building for students. In setting motion problems, students are exposed to facts of cognitive, educational significance. Motion problems-one of the most common types of algebra problems. Simple motion problems are taught in elementary school. In grades 6-7, the solution of motion problems is reduced to a linear equation or a system of linear equations. Here we will consider motion problems related to the rational fraction equation.

Gamified Activities to Improve the Learning of Addition in the Third Year of General Basic Education

Gamified Activities to Improve the Learning of Addition in the Third Year of General Basic Education

A model of variant teaching for basic school students in the field of artificial intelligence

Today, the need to educate schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence is emphasized at the state level. However, issues related to the selection of content and organization of teaching in the field of artificial intelligence to students in basic secondary school are still controversial. Basic general education faces the problem of finding ways to improve teaching methods for schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence.The scientifically based implementation in the field of artificial intelligence training at the level of basic general education is associated, firstly, with the development of a model for teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in the conditions of variant school education, secondly, with the identification of approaches to organizing such teaching, thirdly, with the selection and structuring of teaching content in the field of artificial intelligence as part of an informatics course in basic secondary school, fourthly, with the integration of the teaching content in the field of artificial intelligence into various organizational forms of school education. This determined the purpose of the study.As a result of the study, approaches to the formation of the content of variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence were identified, a model of variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence at the level of basic general education was created, the principles of implementation of the proposed training model was highlighted, thematic modules for basic and in-depth training in the field of artificial intelligence were identified, educational and methodological materials were developed (theoretical educational material, practical tasks, laboratory work, methodological recommendations, etc.) for variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in the basic secondary school. Testing of the educational and methodological materials was carried out at sites in certain educational organizations in Moscow.

The Ethnomathematical Approach Through The Methodology: Contextualization, Decontextualization and Recontextualization (CDR) and Its Contribution to The Learning of: Arithmetic, Geometry and Algebra

Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate the applicability of the CDR Method within the Ethnomathematics approach, in order to make possible the optimization and improvement of the teaching of the main branches of mathematics in Ecuador. This topic has been the product of several investigations carried out at the Institute for Research in Ethnosciences of the Central University of Ecuador, IIEC-UCE, particularly in the area of Ethnomathematics. Theoretical Framework: under a theoretical and practical frame of reference, with the purpose of showing the possibility of achieving a meaningful, coherent, environmentally sensitive and contextualized learning in the geopolitical reality. It is considered that the main contribution will be to support the construction of an own episteme and identity with the Andean ancestral roots. As for the methodology, we worked with focus groups formed by students of the cycle called General Basic Education. Method: It is proposed to investigate the applicability of the Ethnomathematical approach through the methodology: Contextualization, Decontextualization and Recontextualization, CDR and its contribution to the learning of arithmetic, geometry and algebra. The stages are described and the cyclical relationship that exists in a dialectical, systematic and propositive process that aims to make a disruption with the traditional algorithmic, decontextualized and memorized methodology that is usually used in the educational system is shown. The use of this method is proposed. Results and Discussion: The results obtained are considered satisfactory and it was observed that the CDR can be adopted by teachers interested in changing their teaching methods in the classroom, in addition, it is easily adaptable to different educational levels and areas of knowledge such as: History, Chemistry, Arts, Medicine, among others. Implications of the research: The research aims to provoke a cause-effect situation, where the causality is based on the deficiency of mathematics education in the country and the effect that would produce the approach of contextualization in the different facets: historical, social, political, etc., to produce meaningful learning. Originality/Value: It is considered original because it presents a new approach to mathematics education; CDR is both a disruptive strategy for learning mathematics in connection with the environment, the Andean episteme and its unique ontology. It IS also an axiological alternative insofar as it incorporates the Andean ethos as a referential philosophical framework.

Estrategia metodológica para atención de estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales no asociadas a la discapacidad en sector rural de Ecuador

The article aims to present the design of a methodological strategy for the care of students with special educational needs not associated with disabilities in the rural sector of the city of Manta, at the Ahitana Ponce Santana Fiscal Educational Unit. The methodology was mixed approach, with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental design. The methods used were analysis, synthesis, inductive and deductive reasoning; additionally, interviews and surveys were conducted with a sample of 3 teachers and 84 students corresponding to sections A and B of the 8th year of Basic General Education, respectively. According to the teachers, the main special educational needs not associated with disabilities in the students include learning difficulties, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and language or communication disorders. Students show difficulties in understanding and applying concepts, insecurities in self-esteem and academic confidence, as well as difficulties in conflict resolution and decision-making. Therefore, additional support is required, as well as the development of specific strategies to improve the learning process and academic well-being. The conclusion is reached through a methodological strategy that includes activities aimed at initial assessment, design of individualized intervention plans, use of technological resources to enhance learning and attention, teacher training and support, as well as collaboration with families.

Региональные факторы оплаты труда и доходов населения в современной России

This paper evaluates the correlations between wages and household income in the regions of Russia with indicators characterizing capital, human capital and new technologies in the regional economy according to Rosstat data for 2022 and partially for 2023, and constructs econometric models of the most important connections. The level of wages and incomes of the population of the regions can be positively influenced by the capital-labor ratio, the level of education of employed workers and new fixed assets. The capital-labor ratio is the most important factor in the level of wages and income in the regions. The use of labor by workers who have higher education and workers who have secondary vocational education in specialist training programs has a positive impact on the level of wages and incomes of the population of the regions. The use of labor of workers with secondary vocational education under training programs for workers, with secondary general education, basic general education and without education negatively affects the level of wages and income of the population. An increase in population income entails an increase in the level of inequality in income distribution.

Application of binary lessons in mathematics as a factor of achieving the requirements of the updated Federal State Standards of basic general education

As part of the introduction of the updated Federal State Educational Standard for basic general education, the school is required to pay special attention not only to meeting the requirements for subject learning outcomes, but also to the development of functional literacy and soft skills. As part of the implementation of this direction, special attention is paid to increasing the level of mathematical literacy of students as an integral element of functional literacy. The key subjects in secondary schools that contribute to this process are mathematics, physics and computer science. Since the potential of meta-subjectivity and interdisciplinary communication of the subject of mathematics directly depends on its potential as a teaching and educational system, the article makes a critical assessment of the content of training and introduces proposals for its optimization in terms of focus on both the formation of mathematical literacy and the development of the mind and thinking of students, the formation of their mathematical culture and metamathematical knowledge. Paying attention to the mathematical component, the article notes that currently, as part of the implementation of the basic general education program, the emphasis is shifting to the area of the possibility of applying mathematical knowledge, skills and abilities to the problems of everyday reality. Thus, to increase the level of mathematical literacy as an integral element of functional literacy, an interdisciplinary consideration of the mathematics course and a search for ways to implement interdisciplinary connections are required. From this point of view, as an example for such an implementation, the issue of compiling and solving educational problems that can be used when conducting binary or integrated lessons in mathematics and physics was considered. The integrative nature of the content of binary lessons in mathematics and physics means the need for a synthesis of knowledge and methods of activity for students to implement it, which allows students to better assimilate the material, since they can see the connection between different subjects

Formation of scientific thinking of schoolchildren of grades 5–7 in the process of teaching biology on the basis of pedagogical taxonom

The relevance of the article is due to the importance of increasing the possibilities of basic general biological education content in the development of students’ thinking in connection with the existing trend towards a decrease in the level of basic school educational results in natural sciences (according to the national study of the quality of education). The purpose of the article is to approach the problem of the scientific thinking systematic development through the construction of an appropriate methodology (including targeted, substantive, procedural and evaluative and resultative components) and its approbation during experimental work. The target component of the methodology – the planned cognitivelogical educational actions – is built taking into account the pedagogical taxonomy aimed at the consistent complication of cognitive activity. The content component is strengthened on the basis of the introduction of theoretical concepts of the principle of consistency («system», «living system and its properties»), consideration of living systems. The article displays how level characteristics can serve as the means of scientific thinking development diagnostics as they reflect the mastering of the planned cognitive actions including logical operations

The quality of reading and learning in basic general education students

The quality of reading and learning in basic general education students

From creating conditions for forming functional literacy of students to achievement of planned results in the context of the federal state educational standard of basic general education

From creating conditions for forming functional literacy of students to achievement of planned results in the context of the federal state educational standard of basic general education

Life safety culture: the concept and the problem of its formation in educational organizations

Life safety culture is considered to be one of the most important components of basic general education in modern conditions. Its main vector is focused on adequately solving the priority tasks of ensuring personal and national security. In this regard, the scientific problem considered in this article seems to be relevant and in demand in modern educational practice, because the effectiveness of ensuring the safety of the entire world community depends on the level of development of the life safety culture of each person. The problem of the research is to identify the content of the category “life safety culture” and the theoretical basis for justifying the process of its formation among students in educational institutions. The purpose of the research is to reveal the category “life safety culture” in various fields of knowledge and to substantiate the main theoretical determinants of its formation in educational institutions. The following methods were used in the study: analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, methods of visual presentation of information. The results of the research contribute to the study of scientific and theoretical aspects of organizing the pedagogical process of forming a life safety culture in educational institutions, as well as scientific and theoretical approaches to substantiate the definition of «life safety culture». Key conclusions. Three approaches to the content of the category “life safety culture” have been identified - social-philosophical, psychological and pedagogical ones; the prerequisites for constructing pedagogical influences on the formation of a culture of life safety in educational institutions have been indicated: principles (general and specific), and the directions ofthis activity have also been detected.

ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА И НЕДОСТАТКИ УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА ПО ВСЕОБЩЕЙ ИСТОРИИ НА УРОВНЕ ОСНОВНОГО ОБЩЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the educational and methodological complex (EMC) of general history using the example of the textbooks subject line edited by A. A. Vigasin and A. Ya. Yudovskaya. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that in light of the upcoming transition of basic general education to a unified state textbook, it is necessary to analyze the educational and methodological complex on general history and demonstrate its strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of the work is to consider the advantages that the developers of the new manual should take into account, as well as the disadvantages of this educational complex, which should be avoided when compiling a textbook. In the course of the analysis, the authors of the article came to the conclusion that the advantages of teaching materials prevail over the disadvantages, but do not exclude them.

Роль правового регулювання інформаційної безпеки неповнолітніх у мережі Інтернет

Legal regulation is an effective, normative and organizational impact on public relations through a system of legal acts (legal norms, legal relations, individual prescriptions, etc.) with the aim of their ordering, protection, and development in accordance with the relevant social needs. Attempts to regulate the information security of minors on the Internet in recent years have not received comprehensive legal regulation. Despite the fact that these norms should be a dialectical unity, at present they are only a mechanical set, a mediation of heterogeneous social relations. A large amount of unsystematic legal material gives rise to contradictions and gaps in the normative regulation of crime prevention and entails certain difficulties in the use of normative acts in practice. In Ukraine, primary general education is aimed at forming a personality and developing individual abilities of students, positive motivation and skills in learning activities (mastering reading, writing, arithmetic, basic skills of learning activities, elements of theoretical thinking, simple skills of self-control, culture of behavior and speech, basics of personal hygiene and healthy lifestyle). Basic general education is aimed at forming moral convictions, aesthetic taste and healthy lifestyle, high culture of interpersonal and interethnic communication, mastering the basics of science, the state language, skills of mental and physical labor, development of inclinations, interests, and the ability to social self-determination. The analysis of the content of joint education indicates the need for additional legal regulation of the special competence of educational organizations aimed at forming media literacy in students in order to ensure the unity of ethical, civil and patriotic, cultural and aesthetic development of minors and the child's safety in the information environment.

Os fatores associados dos alunos do ensino fundamental e médio no Equador: análise do ciclo de avaliação Ser Estudiante 2020-2021

This article analyzes the influence of personal and family factors on academic success in students of General Basic Education (EGB) and General Unified High School (BGU) in Ecuador during the evaluation "Ser Estu-diante (SEST) cycle 2020 - 2021". The SEST assessment evaluates knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes of Ecuadorian students. It also deploys questionnaires of associated factors that construct social, cultural and economic variables of families, teachers and the environment of educational institutions. A two-level hierar-chical linear model is used to measure the impact of the factors associated with school performance. In sum, personal and family environment factors, in which students develop, are elements that contribute to improve their school performance.