Basic Education Level Research Articles

PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN PENGEMBANGAN LITERASI DIGITAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB PADA JENJANG PENDIDIKAN DASAR

This paper aims to elaborate on the existence and dynamics of learning Arabic at the basic education level and its relevance to the development of digital literacy. Using a literature study type research method and analytic descriptive techniques, this paper wants to describe research problems with the help of bibliographical data sourced from writings, papers, journals, and scientific articles as well as books that are relevant. Next, analyze the opportunities and challenges of developing digital literacy in learning Arabic at the basic education level. The findings obtained are that opportunities that can be targeted include wider access to language learning resources, interactive and interesting learning experiences, availability of global connectivity and language exchange, availability of digital applications for language practice, and providing an effective evaluation and feedback system. While the challenges faced are uneven access to technology, uneven technical competence of users, language barriers, limited range of focus and attention of students, digital security risks, psychological, social and health disorders.

Tinkercad environment as a tool for forming ideas about the areas of professional activity in the it industry when studying informa tics at the level of basic general education

Tinkercad environment as a tool for forming ideas about the areas of professional activity in the it industry when studying informa tics at the level of basic general education

Incentives and Girl Child Education in Ghana: An Examination of CAMFED’s Support Scheme on Enrollment, Retention and Progression in Garu-Tempane District

Promoting female learning otherwise known as Girl Child Education continues to engage the attention of policy makers and practitioners in education and development generally; a situation greatly shaped by the myriad of obstacles militating against girl child education. In the current study, we probed the influence of CAMFED’s girl child education support scheme on school enrollment, retention and progression. We applied a reflexive evaluation approach anchored on a concurrent mixed methods research design in the study. Using a multistage sampling procedure, selected respondents were administered a combination of semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. We analyzed our data using multiple regression and descriptive statistics, supported by content analysis. The findings show that school enrollment and progression of the girl child increased substantially after the introduction of CAMFED’s intervention. However, gender-based perceptions continue to stifle girl child education, in spite of the behavior change component of the intervention scheme. The paper concludes that policy interventions should address the sociocultural bottlenecks inhibiting the education of the girl child if the gains made so far must be sustained. Going forward, studies could focus on measurement of performance as a function of girl child education support schemes beyond the basic level of education.

Monthly Workshops: The Importance of Practice in the Professional Development of Students

This article aims to explain the importance of practical experience in the professional development of students of the Higher Technician of the English Language program, from the Universidad Tecnologica Cadereyta, in Nuevo Leon, through a monthly activity called "Mañanas de trabajo". As a result, this activity has favored the strengthening and integration of the skills and competencies promoted by the study plan, in the professional training of the students of the career, especially in the teaching of the English language; furthermore, “Mañanas de trabajo” has allowed the interaction of university students with schoolchildren of the different levels of basic education, through various activities that are carried out throughout this monthly exercise in the classrooms and various spaces on the university campus. Therefore, the importance of meaningful learning is considered, through the different practices that are generated, above all, the impact on the integral formation of students in the educational area.

Web-Based Writing Learning Application of Basic Hanacaraka Using Convolutional Neural Network Method

The Javanese script, known as Hanacaraka, or Carakan, is one of the traditional Indonesian scripts developed and used on the island of Java. The government's efforts to preserve the use of Javanese language and script by making Javanese a compulsory subject of local content at the education level in Central Java and East Java. In the basic competence of writing, the Javanese script has a complicated shape so that students have difficulty writing and recognizing Javanese script writing. Through this research a web-based basic Javanese writing learning application was designed that can recognize handwriting digitally which aims to help learn basic hanacaraka writing for beginners, especially students at the basic education level in Central Java and East Java. Handwriting Recognition is a system that can recognize handwritten characters and convert them into text that can be read and understood by machines or computers. The handwriting recognition process in this study uses the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm which has the capability and ability to recognize patterns in images. Based on the tests that have been carried out between the two architectural models that have been made, the performance of the CNN model that will be used from various experiments has an accuracy of 98.29% and a loss of 0.0746 on the training data. As well as producing an average accuracy value of 99.52%, an average error rate of 0.48%, an overall accuracy of 95.03% and an overall error rate of 4.97%.

The skills of thinking and computational programming

This article presents the results obtained in the research carried out at the Salvatierra High School, in which the impact of the use of computer programming on the development of higher order skills in students was measured, for such purpose. For this purpose, a quantitative route was followed, applying Likert scale instruments and questionnaires to an intentional sample of students who began programming from the basic education level, either formally or through social learning. The results refer to an important recognition on the part of the students about the critical, analytical, reflective, creative skills, among others, that allow them to generate deep thought processes in any context of their lives, and therefore allow them to have an academic development different from the rest of their classmates, giving them competitive advantages that are reflected in their academic life. The foregoing highlights that teachers must include in our study plans and programs transversal projects that include computer programming to solve problems of daily life and also awaken or promote thinking skills

Особенности формирования профессиональной компетентности студентов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки «Педагогическое образование (иностранные языки)»

Higher education, being primarily professional education, aims to train a specialist with the necessary qualifications aimed at solving professional problems in a particular sector of the economy, and is also focused on the formation of a harmoniously developed personality. In this regard, pedagogical education, also focused on the training of a teacher of a certain qualification, puts the foundation of professional knowledge and practical pedagogical skills as pedagogical and methodological competencies as the basis of training, and for a teacher of a foreign language, the subject competence is the formation of a foreign language communicative competence of a certain level. This article describes the theoretical features of the formation of professional competence of a teacher in undergraduate studies as a basic level of professional education based on theoretical and methodological provisions and functional components of education; also, on the basis of an experimental study, the formed communicative and methodological levels of readiness of future teachers of a foreign language were determined, as a result of which a lack of methodological knowledge of future teachers in terms of the practical organization of the teacher's work was established. One can also note the absence in the education standards of specific requirements necessary for professional activity. In particular, for a foreign language teacher, the specific knowledge, skills and abilities required for further work are not indicated.

Building Inclusive Policies in Basic Level Education

Purpose: The purpose of study inclusive education is the answer to the social marginalization of people that are considered as imperfect or inhuman. The intention is to get recognition of discriminated people through inclusive public policies. In addition, the purpose of the research was to stablish the relationship of factors associated to institutional cultures, policies, and inclusive practices in teachers of basic education. Method: This research used the quantitative methodology, with a basic type, non-experimental and transactional design. The sample included 102 teachers of basic education and the instrument used Likert scale questions. Evaluating the results, there are factors related to the other elements were mentioned before. Those aspects have a connection with factors like sex, age, employment characteristics and employment status. Results and conclusion: Entities like the National Council of Education recognizes the evolution that exists with the inclusive public policies, including the action of all members involved, Adapting those objectives to the Peruvian reality, inclusion and diversity were included in the National Curriculum for Basic Education. The main goal of this action is to give students more opportunities in the education system, following the standards. Research implications: Inclusive education includes national and international policies, and aspects related to theorical and practical research. This paper shows the inclusive education as an educational ideal, considering visions of the area. It also has different beliefs about the purpose, the content, and the way of how education is organized. Originality/value: Inclusive teaching means a change to value and respect diversity, allowing that society can improve human development. To bet on inclusive education offers more and better opportunities to train, develop and invite the society to be part of a commitment.

The Relationship of Parenting Patterns with Nutritional Status and Development of Toddlers in Kuta Alam, Banda Aceh

Background: Parenting is a pattern of interaction between parents and children. More specifically, namely how the attitude or behavior of parents when interacting with children, Nutritional status is an important part of a person's health status. What babies eat from an early age is an important foundation for their health and well-being in the future and the development of toddlers is the toddler period, because at this time basic growth will affect the next child's development. In child development there is a critical period, where stimulation is needed so that the potential is developed. Objective: To describe the relationship between parenting style and nutritional status and toddler development. Materials and Method: analytic observational research. The design of this research is Cross Sectional which is carried out with a quantitative approach. Meanwhile, to complement the data obtained, qualitative data collection was also carried out, namely by conducting research on mothers of toddlers and toddlers. Assessment of the nutritional status of children was carried out using the WHO-Anthro software and then the ZScore value of the child was determined. The nutritional status variable (TB/A) is categorized into 2, namely: Normal, if the Z-score is -2 SD. Short, if the Z-score lies -3 SD to -2 SD. Result: Most of the heads of families have jobs in the private sector and only a small proportion (8.57%) work in the government sector as members of the military or civil servants, meanwhile the majority of respondents (mothers) are housewives (74.29%) and the rest working in the private sector. The nutritional care pattern score of the respondents ranged from 50 – 95.45 with an average of 70.11 which was included in the sufficient category. As many as 22 respondents (62.86%) had a nutrition care pattern score in the adequate category, 8 respondents (22.86%) were included in the poor category and only 5 respondents (14.28%) were included in the good category. Development indicates increased ability in more complex body structures and functions in regular and predictable patterns as a result of the maturation process. The developmental level of the majority of respondents (65.71%) is included in the appropriate category (based on the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire) and the rest are in the doubtful category. Conclusion: Family parenting style which includes nutrition and health care has an effect on the nutritional status of toddlers in Kuta Alam. The characteristics of the respondents in general are housewives, with an education level at the basic education level, aged 25-29 years. experience of caring for children for 7.08 years and usually from the mother and family environment, with 1-2 children, 54.29% are nuclear families. Most of the respondents' nutritional status is in the normal category with an average Z-score = -1.8. Nutritional Status (Z-Score value) = -5.8 + 0.52 (pa. nutrition) + 0.004 (pa. health). Keywords: Parenting, Nutritional Status and Toddler Development

Students Cognitive Development in Basic Level Schools in Nepal: Provisions and Practices

This study explores the current status of basic-level students’ cognitive learning and examines how school education provisions are functioning to facilitate perceptive education. The study was conducted by adopting a mixed-method research design, including a quantitative survey and a qualitative case study for data generation from six schools in four districts across the country. With a small research grant support from UNESCO Nepal, this research was conducted under the Centre for Educational Research, Innovation and Development (CERID) to provide a new and innovative concept to learning from different aspects ranging from knowing to creating. Students’ achievement at six levels of cognitive development was evaluated based on a questionnaire containing items from the revised Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives. Classroom practices were systematically observed, and the main events and activities were recorded. The study revealed that the students performed better in remembering and showed lower performance at creating level. Classroom pedagogies were found dominantly lecture-based and concentrated around the acquisition of knowledge from the textbook. Besides, teachers were found not preparing the lesson plan, nor were they taking classes in a planned way. There was no plan, program, or practice regarding cognitive teaching-learning for addressing the specific potentials, weaknesses, and aptitudes of students at the basic level of education in Nepal.

INTERCULTURAL MODEL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING: WAYS OF OPTIMIZATION

The article is devoted to various issues of methods of teaching a foreign language to foreign students. The article notes the need to differentiate the level of basic education of foreign students and individual approach to each of them, thus during studying should use different groups of tasks, and pay attention on degree of students' lexical and grammatical material, their general "background" knowledge and emotional mood. This presented work analyzes the features of the linguistic-socio-cultural method; some principles of the functional-communicative approach are clarified; emphasizes the importance of using the "translation technique" in the classroom in English and Russian, as well as the use of a thematic glossary in the course "Country Studies. History"; the importance of reading literature in Russian and English in the process of social and cultural adaptation of foreign students of the preparatory department is studied. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate various methods and techniques for presenting new material, consolidating and testing knowledge that can be used by a teacher in practical classes in a foreign language. The task for the authors is to find effective forms of education and ways of optimization, to identify mechanisms for optimizing the educational process that can develop the intercultural competence of students, as well as contribute to a positive mood of students during their staying, living and studying in our country. The authors come to the conclusion that texts and tasks for learning should be cognitive, arouse interest among students and be quite complex; it is necessary to use different groups of tasks, a small number of exercises for one rule being studied, and also actively apply game situations, tasks for finding errors and working with dialogues. The selection of reading material, the use of fundamental methods in the study of a foreign language and their integration into a modern communicative method play the important role. Such work with students (as well as the “translation technique”) develops memory, thinking and logic, helps to create an English-speaking/Ukrainian-speaking environment, there by overcoming the psychological language barrier among students. The basic research methods are cultural-typological and contrastive-comparative.

Asistensi Mengajar Melalui Program Surabaya Mengajar Pada SMP Negeri 39 Surabaya

The Surabaya Mengajar program is part of the Merdeka Learn Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy to enrich student competencies by providing opportunities for students to learn outside the classroom by providing assistance to teachers and education staff at the basic education level. The Surabaya Teaching program is currently the third cohort assigned to teach, and assist with school administration and teachers in schools. Oneof the schools where Surabaya teaches is SMP Negeri 39 Surabaya.In practice, Surabaya Teachingstudents use severalmethods,startingfrom debriefing/coordinating, visiting the local regional Education Office, to visiting the destination school to make observations.The results of the implementation of the Surabaya Teaching program batch 3 in teaching assistance that have been carried out by students at SMP Negeri 39 Surabaya are in accordance with the achievement of the objectives of the Surabaya Teaching program batch 3 through the introduction of literacy and numeracy to students in target schools; create innovation and creativity by collaborating with teachers in schools to jointly improve the quality of education in target schools; hone skills and insights in the field of teaching and also develop learning media that can be applied directly to students to support the learning process in class; develop rational and targeted thinking patterns in working with teams, solving problems within the scope of work, as well as controlling emotions in a social environment outside the world of lectures.

Collaborative Governance to Promote Habituation of ``Pelajar Pancasila'' Character at the Basic Education Level

Character index of elementary school (SD) level in the 2022 Education Report Card shows there is no regency/city that has reached the highest level, which is cultured where students are proactively and consistently applying the character values of Students of Pancasila. At junior high school (SMP) level, only 7.2% regencies/cities have reached the habituated culture level. Most of the regencies/cities are still at the second level, which is “developing” and a few at the level “needs to be developed.” This research is conducted to develop a collaborative governance regime model that support the regions in achieving the character index of cultured level at the basic education level. The model chosen refers to the collaborative governance model developed by Emerson et al., which focuses on the dynamics of collaboration consisting of principled engagement, shared motivation, and joint action capacity. The data collection techniques used were literature review of central/regional government policies and national education report cards. Based on data collected, several strong drivers were already present to initiate collaborative governance in strengthening character education. Key stakeholders must identify weak points in collaboration dynamics based on the established Collaborative Governance Regime model and tailor their policies according to Education Report Card and demographic/geographical characteristics. This collaboration should provide optimal support experience for school to implement character education.
 Keywords: character education, Pancasila, collaborative governance

Influence of Gamification Elements on Students’ Academic Performance

Playing games is an important part of a child's cognitive and social development. Students learn more when they are allowed to play and engage in hands-on activities rather than being forced to memorize knowledge (formulas) from books. Enjoyable components must be incorporated into their classes to maintain their attention and increase their performance. The great benefits that gamification offers must be integrated into the basic level of education to limit the easily bored span. Appropriate integration of gamification into classroom activities could raise a positive effect on students’ performance and promote a positive attitude toward learning. This study could provide teachers with information and awareness on innovative instructional approaches that can boost students’ engagement, motivation, and performance while learning. It can also serve as an eye-opener for teachers in other fields of learning to explore and adopt better instructional approaches to teaching to improve student performance. Training of teachers on the use of gamification-based teaching should be integrated into our educational sector. This research was conducted to determine the influence of gamification elements on student academic achievement.

How Do Teacher Creativity, Parental Guidance, Learning Methods and Interest in Learning Affect the Quality of Student Learning in Elementary Schools?

Many factors determine the quality of student learning at the basic education level. Several factors have been studied, but several still need to be studied specifically, resulting in theoretical gaps. This study aims to analyze the influence of teacher creativity, parental guidance, learning methods, and interest in learning on students' learning quality at the basic education level. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach. Informants in this study were 50 parents of students. This research instrument uses a closed questionnaire sheet. Instrument testing is carried out by testing the validity and reliability tests. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with the t-test and F-test. The results showed that the variables of teacher creativity, learning methods, and learning interest partially did not significantly affect students' learning quality. Only parental guidance has a significant influence on the quality of student learning. However, when viewed simultaneously, all the independent variables, starting from teacher creativity, parental guidance, learning methods, and interest in learning, significantly affect the quality of learning.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Method on Teaching of Business Studies in Upper Basic Education Level in Enugu State, Nigeria

This study investigated and compared the effect of cooperative learning method on teaching business studies. The researcher adopted quasi-experimental research design. Three research questions guided the study. The population of the study consists of 2552 students in JSS II from 31 secondary schools in Enugu Education zone. A sample of 168 was selected from 4 schools that served as control and experimental groups. The instruments for data collection were Business Studies Achievement Test (BSAT) containing 40 multiple choice questions. The instrument was validated by experts and Cronbach alpha was used to test the reliability of the instrument and it yielded 0.76 reliability coefficients. A per-test, post-test procedure was used to compare the control and experimental groups on per-test and post-test scores of achievement test. The results of the study did not reveal any significant difference on pre-test scores of both control and experimental groups. This indicated that the two groups were alike in their academic achievement in Business Studies before the experiment. The experimental groups outperformed the control group in the post-test after the experiment. The results based on post- test scores revealed that cooperative learning method had significant effect on student achievement in Business studies. Based on the finding, the researcher recommends cooperative learning methods for teaching business studies and other subjects.

#6696 COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS EXPERIENCE FROM A CENTER IN SANTA ROSA GUATEMALA

Abstract Background and Aims Cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves multiple factors such as inflammation, uremic toxins and endothelial dysfunction, having rates of up to 10.7 cases per 1000/patient year and that can increase in renal replacement therapy (RRT). The cognitive impairment can progress to dementia and this has adverse long-term outcomes such as mortality. The prevalence of cognitive impairment is 19% to 77% in patients with hemodialysis therapy. The aims of this study was determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients and possible associated factors. Method A cohort study was conducted in a hemodialysis unit of Santa Rosa, Guatemala. Patients over 18 years of age were included with more than two months of having started hemodialysis and with 3 sessions per week. Patients with a previous diagnosis of dementia, with visual-hearing deficits, illiterate, a history of cerebrovascular events or psychiatric disorders and who did not agree to participate in the study were excluded. For cognitive assessment, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool (MoCA test) was used, taking a score of less or equal than 26 points as cognitive impairment. A value of p<0.05 was taked significant. Results 78 patients were screened, however 30 patients were discarded due to exclusion criteria. A total of 48 patients were analyzed. A mean age was of 51 years, the majority of whom were male, 40% had only a basic level of education and 38% did not know the cause of CKD. Arterial hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity and the most used antihypertensive were beta-blockers. As for medications for complications of CKD, vitamin D and erythropoietin are the most used. The patients had an average time on hemodialysis of 41.3 months, the last calculated Kt/V was of 1.73 (mean), the mean hemoglobin level was 9.9 g /dl and the mean MoCA test score performed for the study was 23.3 points. Regarding the primary objective, it was determined that the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 67% and when analyzing the variables it was found that age and level of education are associated with greater cognitive impairment, older patients (p: 0.002) and with lower level of education (p: 0.02). In analysis the cognitive domains, it is founded that those patients who present alterations in the attention and delayed recall domain are those that are statistically more associated with cognitive impairment and their counterpart those who have conserved the naming and language domain are those that are associated with having a normal global cognitive practice (Table 1). A correlation analysis was performed where it was found that there is a negative correlation which is moderate and statistically significant between age and the MoCA test score (Table 2). Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 67%, age and educational level seem to be influencing factors, with older patients and those with lower educational level being the most affected. Within the cognitive domains, attention and delayed recall are the most affected and most associated with cognitive impairment. It is important to conduct further studies evaluating other variables that have been shown to influence cognitive status such as vitamin B12, vitamin D and homocysteine. It is important to perform cognitive evaluation of patients on hemodialysis and other RRT to have an early diagnosis and intervene early considering that cognitive impairment can progress to dementia and this is a cause of abandonment in treatment and mortality.

Портрет регионального министра здравоохранения – 2022

The heads of regional executive authorities in the sphere of health protection are key figures in the realization of the Russian Federation’s healthcare development strategy. Without qualified managers, it is difficult to achieve national goals and objectives of federal projects. The study of the qualifications, professional experience, and skills of the high leaders of regional health systems allows the evaluation of top personnel’s human potential and the successful implementation of steps to increase the efficiency of its administration. T h e a i m o f t h e s t u d y was to give a detailed information about regional health authorities managers in Russian Federation. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . A single-stage, continuous sociological study was planned and carried out using a specially developed questionnaire, which included a characterization of the accounting characteristics of participants’ age and demographic characteristic, level of basic and additional education, availability of professional competencies, and work experience in managerial positions. R e s u l t s . We achieved a response from 85 respondents. It was found that, as compared to 2021, there was a slowdown inside the process of rotation of regional ministers’ personnel and an increase in the degree of professional qualifications of managers in 2022. These trends were reflected in the increase in the average length of service in the position of regional minister (2021 2,1±1,9 years; 2022 2,6±2,5 years), the doubling of the number of managers with work experience of up to one year (2021 n = 42; 2022 n = 21), and the decrease in the number of managers with work experience of up to one year (2021 n = 42; 2022 n = 21). C o n c l u s i o n . The research allows for an assessment of the dynamics of changes in regional health care systems in terms of managerial human resources from 2021 to 2022. Positive declining trends in 2022 have been identified. The pace of rotation of regional ministers’ staff adds to the development of leaders’ professional abilities and experience and, eventually, will be the key to accomplishing strategic goals in health care.

PROFESSIONAL ABILITY OF PROSPECTIVE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER THROUGH PROJECT-BASED LEARNING MODEL IN PRIMARY EDUCATION

Today's rapid technological advances must be accompanied by the professional competence of educators, especially in integrating technology and project-based learning models. This research is a systematic review study to analyze the professional competency of teachers, the PjBL model in Primary Education, and the relationship between the professional abilities of teachers to implement the PjBL model in learning at elementary school. An article search through the Google Scholar database found 33600 journal articles after inclusion and exclusion were carried out. Ten journals were obtained for systematic review. From the results of a systematic study, it was found that there were journals that stated that the teacher's motivation in using the PjBL model had a direct impact on increasing the ability of children to develop their mindset towards the material being taught. It was also found that the ability to implement the PjBL model was combined with other learning models and approaches, and the ability of teachers to apply the technology-assisted PjBL model, so, in general, the competence of prospective elementary school teachers can be improved through the PjBL model. Based on the findings of a review of ten relevant journals, it can be said that using the PjBL model in learning presents some difficulties, particularly at the basic education level. Therefore, higher education institutions are expected to design the models and techniques to prepare student-teacher candidates to develop professional competence by innovating, being creative, and utilizing technology through project-based learning.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SIKLUS AIR MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA KOMIK DI KELAS V

The role of the teacher is one aspect that influences learning outcomes. Learning media is one of the tools needed by the teacher, the media is used to complement the information or material that will be provided. The purpose of developing this media is so that students can easily understand and understand the subject matter that is transmitted during the learning process. One of the problems faced by students, especially at the basic education level, is the difficulty level of students in mastering the subject matter being taught. This is also the background to the problems that arise in the learning process in class V where students have difficulty mastering the material being taught without the help of the media. Therefore a solution is needed, one of which is through the use of media that is able to meet the needs of students in the classroom. Based on the problems that exist, the author aims to improve the learning outcomes of grade 5 students in the water cycle material using comic media, as well as the learning process using problem-based learning models. Data collection techniques were carried out using formative tests, observation and documentation using classroom action research in 3 learning cycles. The results showed that the use of the problem-based learning model with the help of comic media had a significant effect on improving the learning outcomes of grade 5 students as evidenced by the increase in scores obtained by students. Thus it can be concluded that the problem-based learning model with the help of comic media can improve student learning outcomes in the water cycle material in grade 5.