Basic Education Level Research Articles

Design of Online Digital Disaster Training Program for Pre-Service Teachers

At the basic education level, content related to disasters is included in the scope of courses such as Life Sciences, Science, and Social Studies. Studies reveal that teachers and pre-service teachers who conduct these courses are not equipped with the necessary technological and pedagogical skills. It is predicted that integrating disasters and disaster education, which have an interdisciplinary structure, with Web 2.0 technologies, one of today's digital learning tools, will make significant contributions to making disaster education effective. In this framework, the study aimed to design a "Digital Disaster Education Program" in an online learning environment for pre-service primary school, science and social sciences teachers. The study consists of three main parts: designing, implementing, and evaluating the Digital Disaster Education Program. Taba (Grassroots Rationale) model was used in the design of the program. The program, which had a five-day implementation period in the online environment, was repeated three times on different dates and with different participants within a year. In each implementation, 24 pre-service social studies, 24 pre-service science, and 24 pre-service primary school teachers (72 pre-service teachers in total) from across Turkey participated voluntarily. The digital disaster education materials developed by the participants during the program were evaluated with an analytical rubric. As a result, an example of Web 2.0 supported online disaster education programme based on Taba Model has emerged. After the evaluation process, some of the participant products were entitled to receive support by being projected toThe Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK), which is one of the reflections of the positive results of the process. At the end of the study, suggestions were presented for the acquisition of disaster education and digital teaching skills in the pre-service process.

Application of Information and Communication Technology in Improving the Quality of Learning

This research is based on delays in developing the quality of the learning process which results in low student learning outcomes, especially at the basic education level. Thus, through scientific studies in this research, using an exploratory qualitative approach, as well as case studies in superior schools, the results are as follows: (1) a periodic, continuous and sustainable optimization project is needed to develop teachers' abilities in the process of implementing ICT in the learning process , until reaching the advanced category from three categories (advanced, independent and needs guidance); (2) Most of the obstacles faced by teachers originate from the availability of school expenditure budgets, so school principals need special strategies in the process of extracting budgets for spending on facilities and accommodation for activities; (3) Indicators of the success of ICT application in the learning process are aimed at indicators: (a) quality of the ICT application process; (2) impact on students' learning process activities; and (3) increasing student learning outcomes. (4) developing strategies for implementing ICT in the learning process including: (a) Strategic planning for facility preparation; (2) Effectiveness of ICT application in the learning process; (3) the effectiveness of the principal's clinical supervision; (4) Implementation of a technology quality culture in schools; and (5) Sustainable development.

Enhancing Students' Reading Comprehension Skills through the RADEC Model: A Focus on Elementary Education

This study proposes the utilization of the RADEC (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, Create) learning model, a structured approach that incorporates independent reading, collaborative discussions, peer explanations, and creative activities, as an intervention to enhance reading comprehension skills. Its objective is to investigate the impact of the RADEC learning model on the enhancement of reading abilities among fourth-grade students learning Indonesian. This study employs a non-equivalent post-test only control group design, with the experimental class using the RADEC model and the control class employing conventional teaching methods. The study included all 78 fourth-grade students from SDN 20 Kurao Pagang, divided into two classes. Random sampling yielded 22 participants in the experimental group and 23 in the control group. Data collection was conducted using evaluation tests, and the average reading comprehension scores were 82.72 for the experimental class and 63.58 for the control group. Data analysis began with initial assessments, including normality and homogeneity tests, followed by hypothesis testing using the t-test. Findings revealed a noteworthy enhancement in reading comprehension scores within the experimental group in contrast to the control group, as evidenced by a significance value of (0.000.05), indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The results of this study highlight the potential of the RADEC learning model as an innovative solution for increasing students' reading interest and reading comprehension skills at the basic education level. These findings inform curriculum development, teacher training programs, and educational policies in Indonesia to enhance reading comprehension outcomes.

Teachers' Views on the Role of Traditional Children's Games in Education

This research aimed to determine the opinions of teachers who participated in the “I Live My Values with Traditional Games Project (ILMVTGP)” in the 2nd semester of the 2022-2023 academic year regarding the role of traditional children's games (TCG) in education. In the study, phenomenological research design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The study group consisted of 17 teachers in total, including 12 primary school teachers and 5 physical education teachers who participated in ILMVTGP in Aksaray/Eskil. Criterion sampling method was used to determine the participants and focus group interviews were held with the participants. Content analysis was performed to evaluate the data collected with the semi-structured interview form. According to the research findings, four themes were determined: “development”, “cultural bridge”, “value transfer” and “educational tool”. Teachers participating in ILMVTGP stated that TCG supports the holistic development of students and that physical development is especially at the forefront. Traditional games serve as an important cultural bridge in transferring our culture to future generations. The role of traditional games in transferring the values of respect, love, helpfulness, honesty, friendship, and tolerance inherent in our culture was emphasized by teachers. Attention has been drawn to the role of traditional games in transferring physical education lesson achievements, and especially psychomotor achievements, to students. It was stated that students' love for school and motivation to learn increased, their negative behaviors decreased and their academic success increased. As a result of the research; It has been determined that the use of TCG in education serves the purposes of the physical education course curriculum and has a positive impact on children in terms of holistic development, culture, and value transfer. Based on these results, it is recommended that traditional games be used effectively at the basic education level and supported by the authorities.Keywords: Basic Education, Culture, Development, Traditional Children's Games, Values

INDEPENDENT WORK AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF A PROFESSIONALLY COMPETENT SPECIALIST

The article is devoted to various issues of methods, types and tasks of independent work/self-work/ in the teaching of foreign language to foreign students. The article notes the need to differentiate the level of basic education of foreign students (preparatory courses and the first course), to pay attention on their adaptation according to their individual general "background", knowledge and emotional mood. This presented work analyzes the features of the organization of independent work/self-work; purpose of the article is to research on the role of independent work of foreign students in the process of professional training. The program for increasing the productivity of independent work should include formation of students' self-awareness, self-esteem, positive attitude to educational activities; and other points. Such work with students develops memory, thinking and logic, helps to create an English-speaking/Ukrainian-speaking environment, there by overcoming the psychological language barrier among students. The task for the author is to find effective forms of education and ways of optimization, to identify mechanisms for optimizing the educational process in accordance with this program. The authors come to the conclusion that according to the new educational paradigm, regardless of specialization and nature of work, any novice specialist must possess fundamental knowledge, professional abilities and skills of his profile, experience in creative and research activities to solve new problems, social evaluation activities; emphasizes the importance of increasing the productivity of independent work at all stages of the educational process in higher education (even working “online”).

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Child Marriage Among Madhesi Women in Nepal's Terai Region.

Child marriage is a detrimental practice with negative consequences for girls' health and well-being. This study aims to identify the prevalence of child marriage and associated risk factors within the Madhesi community. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sub-metropolitan city of Lumbini Province, Nepal, in 2023. A total of 352 married women were randomly selected using simple random sampling and interviewed using a structured questionnaire between March 28th and April 17th. Descriptive categorical variables were expressed as proportions. Risk factors associated with child marriage were measured using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26. The majority of respondents (36.1%) were in the age group 21-25, with a mean age of 25.90 years ± 4.6 years. Most respondents (48.9%) received only basic-level education, with the majority (72.4%) reporting their parents as having no formal education. The primary family occupation was farming (40.1%). The prevalence of child marriage was high (77.0%), with a median marriage age of 18 years. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant risk factors including lower education levels of respondents and their parents, husband's occupation, lack of awareness about the legal marriage age, limited decision-making power regarding marriage, belief in the dowry system, discussions with friends about child marriage, and occurrence of child marriage among friends. Despite legal prohibition, child marriage remains prevalent in the Madhesi community. Educational interventions targeting women and parents, empowering women with decision-making authority, and addressing the dowry system are crucial for reducing this harmful practice.

A model of variant teaching for basic school students in the field of artificial intelligence

Today, the need to educate schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence is emphasized at the state level. However, issues related to the selection of content and organization of teaching in the field of artificial intelligence to students in basic secondary school are still controversial. Basic general education faces the problem of finding ways to improve teaching methods for schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence.The scientifically based implementation in the field of artificial intelligence training at the level of basic general education is associated, firstly, with the development of a model for teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in the conditions of variant school education, secondly, with the identification of approaches to organizing such teaching, thirdly, with the selection and structuring of teaching content in the field of artificial intelligence as part of an informatics course in basic secondary school, fourthly, with the integration of the teaching content in the field of artificial intelligence into various organizational forms of school education. This determined the purpose of the study.As a result of the study, approaches to the formation of the content of variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence were identified, a model of variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence at the level of basic general education was created, the principles of implementation of the proposed training model was highlighted, thematic modules for basic and in-depth training in the field of artificial intelligence were identified, educational and methodological materials were developed (theoretical educational material, practical tasks, laboratory work, methodological recommendations, etc.) for variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in the basic secondary school. Testing of the educational and methodological materials was carried out at sites in certain educational organizations in Moscow.

Stress Reduction Program Design for High School Teachers in a Private School in Jiangsu Province

With the continuous development of the times, the reform of China's education system is deepening, and science and technology are gradually penetrating into education, which brings certain challenges to the teaching work of high school teachers. At the same time, since 1977, the college entrance examination has been given important significance by the society as a whole and is recognized as an important breakthrough point in life. Under the influence of the college entrance examination system, high school teachers have to bear more pressure compared to teachers in other basic education levels. Therefore, based on reviewing the literature, this study used the questionnaire survey method and interview method to investigate the stressors of high school teachers by taking high school teachers of a private school in Jiangsu Province as the research object, and designed a stress reduction program for high school teachers of this private school in response to the findings of the study. Through the study, it was found that high school teachers in this school mainly have the pressure of teaching work, the pressure of work other than teaching, the pressure of interpersonal communication, the pressure of school management, and the pressure of the society, and finally, the stress reduction program for teachers was designed to alleviate the pressure of teachers' work, so as to promote the physical and mental health development of teachers and serve the cause of education in a better way.

Strategies for the Development of Physiotherapy in Iran from the Point of View of Physiotherapy Graduates: A Qualitative Study of the Content Analysis Type

Background: Despite the direct access to clients in physiotherapy worldwide, Iran has yet to achieve significant improvements in the educational standards and professional responsibilities of physiotherapists. Currently, Iranian physiotherapists do not have direct access to patients. This study aims to present solutions for the professional development of physiotherapy, based on the perspectives of scholars in this field. Methods: This qualitative content analysis study explored the experiences of 12 physiotherapy scholars from three levels of study (bachelor’s, master’s, and doctorate) through structured and semi-in-depth face-to-face interviews. Data analysis was conducted concurrently with data collection using Granheim and Ludman’s content analysis method. Results: The identified potential solutions include continuous review of the curriculum, strengthening clinical education, elevation of the basic level of physiotherapy education to a professional doctorate or master’s degree, post-graduation competency assessment, revision of educational priorities, establishing a strong presence in hospital and community departments, preventing the influence and interference of other disciplines, raising public awareness of the capabilities and potential of the profession, and paying greater attention to professional ethics. Conclusion: In the absence of entry-level general doctor of physiotherapy and direct access to patients, the quality of physiotherapy services will not improve, leading to suboptimal health outcomes for clients and consequent waste of time and financial resources for both patients and insurance providers.

Specific Personal Hygiene Procedures and Practices in Food Handlers—A Cross-Sectional Study in Butcher and Fishmonger Shops in Almada

Good manufacturing practices play an important role in obtaining safe food and preventing foodborne diseases. To achieve this goal, food handlers must receive appropriate training to be aware of their responsibilities. In this work, compliance with specific personal hygiene requirements by food handlers was assessed in a cross-sectional study of traditional small retail establishments, namely butcher (n = 56) and fishmonger (n = 17) shops in Almada, Portugal. Food handlers (n = 140, of which 113 worked in butcher shops, and 27 worked in fishmonger shops) were interviewed for data collection, and retail establishments were audited considering specific hygiene requisites. In fishmonger shops, most food handlers are women (89%), aged 18 to 45 years (70%), with a high school degree, having worked for less than 5 years in this activity, while in butcher shops most food handlers are men (90%) over 45 years old (58%), with a basic education level, and more than 26 years of experience. Most food handlers (>95%) attended recent food safety and hygiene training courses and were able to recognize that hand sanitizers cannot replace a proper hand wash, and to identify Staphylococcus aureus transmission routes to food. However, approximately 23% of retail establishments failed to provide hot water in the handwashing basin and exhibited improper placement of handwashing instructions. Furthermore, these establishments did not implement corrective actions following non-conforming microbiological results of hand hygiene monitoring. These findings reinforce the need for consistent management commitment, and for providing food handlers with regular training, which is crucial for maintaining a strong food safety and hygiene culture in these traditional small retail establishments.

The Prevalence of Cervical Neoplastic Changes Among Sudanese Community Without Settled Screening Program

Background: While cervical cancer is decreasing in most countries that have undertaken long-term screening programs, the incidence is increasing in developing nations with low resources. As a result, the current study sought to investigate the incidence of cervical neoplastic alterations in the Sudanese community in the absence of a formal screening program. Methodology: This is a descriptive longitudinal study conducted at the Obst. & Gyn. hospital in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan, from January 2021 to December 2022. This screening involved around 120 volunteers. Results: In this study, 14% of participants had neoplastic alterations. Positive cases were highest in the 31-35 age group (29.4%), followed by 36-40 and ≤25 age groups (23.5%). The majority of positive cases (58.8%) were from metropolitan areas. The risk of neoplastic alterations is connected with urban residency; RR (95%CI) = 2.558 (1.050-6.235), P-value < 0.03. Approximately 11.1% of illiterate participants had neoplastic alterations, as did approximately 25% of those with a basic degree of education. The risk associated with a basic education level is 2.2750 (95% CI) (0.9550 to 5.4197), P = 0.0635. Conclusion: Cervical neoplastic alterations are common in northern Kordofan, yet there are few screening programs. Cervical neoplastic alterations are substantially higher in the metropolitan population.

Nutritional status of toddlers, education level, and habitual hygiene behaviour among mothers in West Java, Indonesia

Background: Malnutrition in toddlers can cause impaired growth and become one of the risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Mothers with a good level of education will affect their ability to select and serve foods with balanced nutrition for toddlers. Meanwhile, maternal hygiene behavior related to the cleanliness of food, drinks, body, and the environment is an important factor in preventing various diseases that can influence the nutritional status of children under the age of five. Purpose: To identify the correlation between maternal education level and hygiene behavior with the nutritional status of toddlers in Hamlet III Sukamulya Village. Method: Cross-sectional. The data used is primary data collected through a questionnaire. Data include maternal demographics, toddler characteristics, and maternal hygiene behaviors. The population of this study consisted only of mothers with toddlers from Hamlet III Sukamulya village using a total sampling technique with a total of 145 respondents. Data were analyzed with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using Spearman rho test. Results: Showed that the majority of mothers had a basic education level (79.3%), and had good hygiene behavior (90.3%), and most toddlers had normal nutritional status (63.4%). This study found a p-value of 0.772 on the mother's education level variable and a p-value of 0.085 on the hygiene behavior variable. Conclusion: there is no correlation between maternal education level and nutritional status of toddlers and there is no correlation between hygiene behavior and nutritional status of toddlers.

RESULTS OF A STUDY OF STUDENTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO SUCCESSFUL PREPARATION FOR THE ALL-RUSSIAN OLYMPIAD OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN FUNDAMENTALS OF LIFE SAFETY

The article presents the results of psychological and pedagogical research conducted as part of the work of the regional experimental platform “Improving the Organisational and Pedagogical Conditions for Preparing Schoolchildren at the Levels of Basic and Secondary General Education to Participate in the Final Stage of the All-Russian Olympiad of Schoolchildren in Fundamentals of Life Safety” at Lyceum No. 419 of Saint Petersburg named after K. M. Kalmanov. The research included an analytical interview with the teaching staff aimed at analysing the experience of participation in the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren and the prospects of work in this direction, and psychological diagnostics of students designed to study personal characteristics and motivation that contributed in effective preparation for the Olympiad. The results of the study made it possible to develop a portrait of a successful participant of the Olympiad in life safety and the system of his/her psychological and pedagogical support.

Implementasi Teori Pendidikan Ki Hajar Dewantara: Tinjauan Praktik Pembelajaran dan Dampaknya pada Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidikan Dasar

This study aims to investigate the implementation of Ki Hajar Dewantara education theory at the basic education level, especially at SD Negeri Ngudirejo 1, Jombang District, focusing on learning practices and their impact on improving the quality of basic education. Ki Hajar Dewantara, as an Indonesian education figure, is known for his contribution to the development of holistic and humanist education. This study uses a qualitative approach with classroom observation methods, interviews with teachers, and document analysis to collect data on learning practices related to the theory of Ki Hajar Dewantara. The results showed the implementation of various aspects of Ki Hajar Dewantara theory in learning practice at SD Negeri Ngudirejo 1. Teachers adopt principles such as freedom of learning, stage play is stage learning, and empowerment of learners. In addition, this study reveals the positive impact of the implementation of the Ki Hajar Dewantara theory on improving the quality of basic education, both in terms of learning outcomes and character development of students. The application of Ki Hajar Dewantara theory in learning practice at SD Negeri Ngudirejo 1 has a positive impact in forming students who are more independent, creative, and have strong character. These findings contribute to the understanding of educational practices in accordance with the principles of Ki Hajar Dewantara and reinforce the urgency of applying the theory in improving the quality of basic education in Indonesia. The implications of this research can also be the basis for the development of education policies that are more oriented towards holistic and humanist approaches advocated by Ki Hajar Dewantara.

The influence of classes using an interactive whiteboard on the functional state of the body of primary school students

Introduction. The development of the education system in recent decades has been accompanied by extensive informatization, activating the cognitive activity of students necessary for the formation of a successful educational process. To identify the impact of the use of an interactive whiteboard (ID) in adolescents of grades 5 and 7, a comparative study of the functional state of the body (FS) of schoolchildren with and without ID was conducted, which is an integral indicator of the ability of an individual's body to maintain a reserve of adaptive reserves under the influence of adverse factors. Mental performance indicators according to the letter table of Anfimov served as markers of FS, allowing to assess the FS of the central nervous system and its change under the influence of various factors. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to study mental performance and assess the body's FS and the emotional state of primary school students in lessons with and without the use of ID. Materials and methods. The study of the influence of the use of ID in educational activities on the mental performance and emotional state of 233 students of different sexes was conducted in a natural hygienic experiment at a secondary school in Moscow. The differences determined by the Student's t-test were considered significant at p<0.05. Results. The initial indicators of mental performance in girls and boys of grades 5 and 7 correspond to the standards for children of this age. When comparing the levels of working capacity in grades 5 and 7, it was revealed that fifth graders are almost 2 times more likely to have a high level of working capacity (p<0.01). And in grades 5 and 7, there is a tendency for girls to have a higher intensity of work than boys, and in grades 7 it is significantly higher (p <0.05). In the process of working with the use of ID, the coefficient of decrease in working capacity in students of grades 5 and 7 was higher than 1, and this indicates the tension of regulatory processes in the body, the impossibility of rapid restoration of functions in students of these age groups, especially girls. Conclusion. The results of the study show that the use of an interactive whiteboard increases educational motivation and emotionally activates the educational activities of students in grades 5-7. However, a comparison of the fatigue of two variants of lesson organization (with and without ID) with the same lesson density according to the distribution of individual shifts in mental performance showed that after lessons with ID, there is a higher percentage of fatigue and pronounced fatigue among students of the basic level of education, and gender differences were also revealed: for girls, classes using ID were more exhausting than for boys. The data obtained indicate that when using electronic educational tools in the educational process, it is very important to take into account the age, gender and individual capabilities of the body of students.

IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN INKLUSI PADA JENJANG PENDIDIKAN DASAR

Inclusive education at the basic education level is very important in order to optimize the development of children with special needs according to their potential. However, the implementation of inclusive education at the basic education level still experiences many problems. The aim of this research is to describe the results of research related to the implementation of inclusive education at the basic education level. The method applied in this research is a literature review of articles in Indonesian and English in 2019-2023 sourced from the Google Scholar search site, scopus.com and ERIC. Through an inductive analysis approach, a match of data was found related to the implementation of inclusive education in elementary schools so that 15 relevant articles were selected. The data analysis procedure was carried out based on a qualitative approach. Research findings show that inclusive education can be implemented at the basic education level by involving all elements of education and the school community to be able to provide education and services to children with special needs so that they can develop based on their potential and socialize normally with their peers in regular schools. The new path or recommendation which can be implemented is that implementing inclusive education at the basic education level requires dedication from all elements of education and the school community to create comfortable and friendly education for children with special needs.

Exploring determinants of Indonesia's financial inclusion level: Based on 2017 Global Findex data

This research aims to analyze the influence of income level, education level, gender, and age level on the three main indicators of financial inclusion, namely the probability of having an account at a formal financial institution, the probability of saving at a formal financial institution, and the probability of borrowing from a formal financial institution in Indonesia on 2017. Data was obtained from Global Findex 2017 using a purposive sampling method. This research uses a logistic regression analysis method with an assisted logit estimation model using Stata 16 software. The research results show that when estimating the probability of account ownership levels at formal financial institutions, only the variable gender shows insignificant results. In contrast, the other variables show significant negative values. In the model for estimating the probability of saving at formal financial institutions, two variables are not significant, namely age and gender, while other variables show significant negative results. Finally, on the probability of borrowing from formal financial institutions, only the basic education level variable shows significant negative results, while the other variables show insignificant results. The implications of this research provide insight into income, education, gender, and age and their impact on financial inclusion.

Acceptance model of new energy vehicles based on PLS-SEM model

The current energy crisis is worsening worldwide, and in China, urban expansion and per capita vehicle ownership have created a growing energy imbalance and increased pressure to reduce carbon emissions.The popularization of new energy vehicles (NEVs) can provide a step forward to solving energy shortage problems, environmental pollution, and global warming. In 2022, the average penetration rate, which is ratio of new energy vehicle sales to vehicle sales, is just 19.1 %. This paper analysed the reasons for the differences in the penetration rates of new energy vehicles in China's 269 prefecture-level cities, using a Geo Detector approach, and the results showed that the level of economic development, the average annual temperature difference, the density of charging piles, the charging price and the number of population all had significant effects(q＞0.12) on the penetration rate. Based on the above studies, a questionnaire was used to investigate the public's acceptance of new energy vehicles in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and a PLS-SEM regression analysis was conducted. The results showed that men, young people and people with a certain level of basic education were 5 % more likely to accept new energy vehicles.Unlike previous studies, perceived cost had no significant correlation with the acceptance of new energy vehicles. Perceived risk had a significant negative correlation with the acceptance of new energy vehicles,the path coefficient is −0.1.The acceptance of new energy vehicles was significantly and positively correlated with vehicle quality and service, the public's understanding of new energy vehicles, and subjective norms, their average path coefficients are above 0.1. We argues that the government should maintain a certain level of promotion of new energy vehicles and accelerate the construction of charging piles, based on the aforementioned results.

Cooperative Learning Using Canva to Boost Speaking Activities in a Primary School

English is the world's international language and is recognised as one of the languages taught in many schools in certain countries even though English is not their first language. This also happened in Thailand, where English learning and teaching activities have been carried out for more than a century. This research aims to know how cooperative learning using Canva boost speaking activities in primary school. The researcher applies a qualitative case study design by collecting data using field notes, informal interviews, and open-ended questionnaires. The subjects of this research were English teacher and grade- -sixth students at Bannonkokkha School, Thailand. The research results show that most students gave positive feedback towards cooperative learning using Canva which was considered effective to boost speaking activities and increase social skills for students. Students feel happy, enjoy, and comfortable when the teacher applies cooperative learning since students can create positive collaboration. They also helped with the visual representations of images from Canva provided by the teacher in the form of digital and flashcards. In addition, students feel that the activities they have done with the group help them to reach goals and engage motivation to learn together. Hence, cooperative learning is considered suitable for primary levels with supporting media, namely Canva. This research is expected to provide new knowledge for readers so that the implementation of this cooperative learning with the use of Canva in the future can contribute to the development of more innovative and effective learning at the basic education level.

Influence of Teachers Qualification on Students’ Achievement in English language at the Upper Basic Education Level in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

This paper examined the influence of teacher’s qualification on students' achievement in English language at the upper basic education level in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. Students’ achievement in English language was examined. Most secondary schools in Nigeria have recorded mass failure in English language in the West African School Certificate examination. The study utilized the co-relational design. One research question and one null hypothesis guided the study. The population of the study consisted 1600 teachers of English language and 28000 students. Through the simple random sampling technique, a sample size of 540 respondents was selected for the study. Instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while regression was used to test the hypothesis. Result of the findings showed that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ qualification and students achievement in English language. Based on this, one of the recommendations is that the government should employ only professionally trained English language teachers to teach English language at the upper basic level of education.