Banana Passion Fruit Research Articles

Physiological and anatomical responses of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Passifloraceae) in water deficit

Introduction: Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (banana passionfruit) is one of the most promising exotic tropical fruits from the diversity of the Passifloraceae family in South America, because of its organoleptic properties and antioxidant activity. Objective: To evaluate the physiological and anatomical responses of banana passionfruit plants under water deficit to better understand the mechanisms that mitigate this stress and affect the production of crops subject to climate change and global warming. Methods: Three-month-old seedlings of banana passionfruit were subjected to a soil water deficit through an irrigation reduction at 70 % for 49 days under greenhouse conditions. Morphology (leaf area, height, and number of leaves) and physiological (stomatal conductance, Fv/Fm, total chlorophyll content) measurements were made through time, and after the irrigation treatments were measured biomass parameters and anatomical foliar traits. Results: The plants experienced a decrease in height, leaf area, number of leaves, leaf area index, and relative water content, that are common responses in plants subjected to reduced irrigation. Additionally, the plants exhibited certain mechanisms that can be attributed to water deficit tolerance such as higher root: shoot ratio, stomatal closing, an increase in stomatal density, a reduction in mesophyll tissue thickness, and a decrease in the number of vessels and its diameter as they enable the banana passionfruit to reduce water loss and decrease the probability of cavitation in xylem vessels. Conclusions: banana passionfruit plants could implement strategies against water scarcity, allowing them to survive and endure challenging environmental conditions

Evaluation of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and temperature in postharvest of banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima)

Evaluation of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and temperature in postharvest of banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima)

Regression analysis of the factors affecting economic profitability of banana passion fruit production

Banana passion fruit production in Colombia contributes to the development of the country’s economy as it generates income and provides raw material for the agro-based industries. Profitability is a key aspect of economic efficiency and plays an important role in farmer´s decision-making therefore; the purpose of the study was to determine the different factors affecting the economic profitability of banana passion fruit production. A descriptive, quantitative, correlational and non-experimental design was selected and a regression analysis was performed. Results showed that the stationarity, normality, homoscedasticity and non-autocorrelation assumptions were not violated; all estimated coefficients were statistically significant and consistent with hypothesized sign. As such, the independent variables contributed to explain individually banana passion fruit economic profitability.

Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity and bioactive compounds of banana passionfruit (Passiflora mollissima) and black cherry (Prunus serotina)

Objective: To determine the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of the banana passionfruit(Passiflora mollissima) and black cherry (Prunus serotina). Materials and methods: An analytical, experimental, longitudinal and prospective study. The black cherries and bananapassionfruits were collected in the Cusco, Moquegua and Arequipa regions. The content of phenols and flavonoids weredetermined using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride method, respectively. The antioxidant activity wasevaluated using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) techniques. Albino rats classified into a negative control group, a positive control group andfour experimental groups were used to study the hepatoprotective effect of the fruits. Results: Banana passionfruits from the Cusco region (Quechua) showed the highest concentration of total phenols(584.94 ± 134.62 mg GAE/100 g) and flavonoids (445.62 ± 7.94 mg QE/100 g). Concerning the DPPH radical, the IC50value of banana passionfruits from the Arequipa region (Yunga) was found to be 0.41 ± 0.01 mg/mL. Banana passionfruitsfrom the Cusco region (Quechua) showed the highest FRAP value (8.38 ± 0.32 mmol Fe2+/100 g). Black cherries from theArequipa region (Yunga) had the highest concentration of total phenols (181.81 ± 34.1 mg GAE/100 g) and flavonoids(205.18 ± 77.8 mg QE/100 g). They also showed a significant antioxidant activity regarding the DPPH (2.1 ± 0.01 mg/mL), whilethe antioxidant capacity of black cherries from the Cusco region (Quechua), which was evaluated with the FRAP method,achieved a value of 1.59 ± 0.2 mmol Fe2+/100 g. The observed differences were statistically significant. Banana passionfruitsshowed a better hepatoprotective effect than black cherries.Conclusions: Banana passionfruits from the Cusco region (Quechua) are an important source of antioxidant compoundsand show a high antioxidant capacity (FRAP), while black cherries from the Arequipa region (Yunga) have a high contentof antioxidant compounds and a higher antioxidant capacity (DPPH).

Review on the ecophysiology of important Andean fruits: Passiflora L.

The development of Andean fruit crops is viewed as an important and healthy contribution to global food consumption but ecophysiological studies on these fruit trees are scarce. 96% of approximately 520 Passiflora L. species are distributed in the Americas, especially in Colombia and Brazil. Many of these species originated on the edges of humid forests in tropical valleys. The four species: yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener), sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.), purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims) and banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm-Niels & P.M. Jørg) are widely cultivated in Colombia, and their ecophysiological findings are described in this review. The demands, in terms of temperature (°C) and altitude (masl) are, for yellow passion fruits: 15-28 °C and 0-1,300 masl; sweet granadillas: 15-23 °C and 1,800-2,600 masl; purple passion fruits: 15-22/12-14 °C (day/night) and 1,600-2,300 masl; and banana passion fruit: 13-16 °C and 1.800-3.200 masl; all of them have high requirements for solar radiation, a minimum of 7 h of sunshine per day, to encourage flowering and fruit quality. Cloudy days decrease growth, flower bud induction and flower opening. Temperature and photosynthetic active radiation are the climatic factors that have the greatest effect on plant development. Relative humidity between 60 and 80% supports effective pollination and fecundation. Passiflora L. crops do not support long periods of waterlogging, with a maximum of 4 days for yellow passion fruit. Climatic events such as prolonged rain, intense droughts, strong winds and hail are harmful for these plants.

New Advances in the Determination of Free and Bound Phenolic Compounds of Banana Passion Fruit Pulp (Passiflora tripartita, var. Mollissima (Kunth) L.H. Bailey) and Their In Vitro Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Capacities.

Banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartite L.H. Bailey) is a lesser known species of the genus Passiflora. This fruit typically grows in the Andean region of Ecuador and it is locally known as tumbo, taxo or curuba. The juice of this fruit is highly appreciated in South America. Extracts of banana passion fruit were characterized for their content levels of free and bound phenolic compounds by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry detector (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS). A total of 82 polar compounds classified as phenolic acid derivatives, organic acids, benzophenones, flavan-3-ols, flavonols and flavones were detected in the extracts. The total phenolic content was 2356 mg 100 g−1 dry matter, with the bound phenolic fraction representing 37.7% of total amounts. Flavan-3-ols, such as (epi)catechin, (epi)azfelechin and their derivatives, were the main phenolic compounds in the free phenolic fraction; however, phenolic acids represented the most abundant class of bound phenolic extracts. The antioxidant and hypoglycemic capacities reported for banana passion fruit were higher than for other fruits. To our knowledge, this is the first time that bound phenolic compounds have been described in banana passion fruit pulp.

Metabolic fingerprinting of banana passion fruits and its correlation with quorum quenching activity

Banana passion fruit of the Passiflora genus, are commercially cultivated on a small to medium scale, mainly as edible fruits or as components of traditional herbal medicines. This subgenus comprises several species and hybrid specimens that grow readily in the wild. Due to their taxonomical complexity, many of these species have recently been reclassified (Ocampo Pérez and Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge, 2017), and their chemical profile has still to be determined. In this study, an 1H NMR-based platform was applied to the chemical profiling of seven wild species of the Passiflora subgenus, and UHPLC-DAD-MS was additionally used for the identification of phenolic compounds. A total of 59 compounds were detected including 26 O- and C-glycosidated flavonoids and polyphenols, nine organic acids, seven amino acids, GABA, sucrose, glucose, myo-inositol, and five other non-identified compounds. Two of the identified compounds are the previously undescribed C-glycosyl flavonoids, apigenin-4′-O-β-glucopyranosyl, 8-C-β-(6″acetyl)-glucopyranoside and apigenin-4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-8-C-β-neohesperidoside. These C-glycosyl flavonoids were isolated to confirm their proposed structures by NMR and LCMS analysis. The PCA score plots obtained from the 1H NMR data of the studied Passiflora samples showed P. cumbalensis and P. uribei as the species with the most distinguishable chemical profile. In addition, a correlation analysis using OPLS-DA was conducted between 1H-NMR data and the quorum quenching activity (QQ) of Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 31532. This analysis revealed P. lehmannii, and P. uribei extracts to be the most active, and apigenin-4′-O-β-glucopyranosyl, 8-C-β-(6″acetyl)-glucopyranoside and apigenin-4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-8-C-β-neohesperidoside were identified as possibly responsible for the QQ activity. To confirm this, QQ activity of both compounds was tested against C. violaceum ATCC 3153. An inhibition of violacein production of 0.135 mM (100 μg/mL) and 0.472 mM (300 μg/mL) was observed for apigenin-4′-O-β-glucopyranosyl,8-C-β-(6″acetyl)-glucopyranoside and apigenin-4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-8-C-β-neohesperidoside respectively, while bacterial growth was unaffected in both cases. Furthermore, both compounds showed the ability to inhibit the production of the toxoflavin of the phytopathogen Burkholderia glumae ATCC 33617.

Evaluation of induction of somatic embryogenesis from cotyledonary leaves of Banana Passion fruit (Passiflora mollissima) L.H Bailey

Passiflora mollissima L.H Bailey is an endemic species from the Andes mountain of Colombia in South America with important edible fruits and medicinal and economical properties. The development of improved micropropagation techniques is necessary to provide rapid and efficient clonal propagation of elite genotypes with high resistance and uniform production, as well as a system that can be used for genetic transformation. For this reason, the investigation focused on the evaluation of induction of somatic embryogenesis in P. mollissima from cotyledonary leaves, the effect of growth regulator concentrations and the orientation of explants on embryo production. Histological analyses of somatic embryogenesis were performed every 10 days after induction over 38 days of exposure to the medium. Results showed somatic embryo formation on Murashige and Skoog, (1962) culture medium supplemented with 4.5 μM 2,4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid plus 4.5 μM 6-benzyladenine. The results obtained are applicable to knowledge of non-zygotic embryogenesis in passionflower of the Andean region, for the purpose of improvement and commercial use. It is noteworthy that this is the first study in the induction and obtaining of embryos in P. mollissima.

Tests of Hexazinone and Tebuthiuron for Control of Exotic Plants in Kauai, Hawaii

Non-native plant species have become serious pests in Hawaii’s delicate island ecosystems. It is necessary to control invasive plants. The herbicides hexazinone and tebuthiuron were evaluated for defoliation efficacy to control several major invasive plants and for non-target effects on native plants at Site I in a rainforest at 1200 m elevation and Site II in a mesic area at 640 m elevation on the island of Kauai, Hawaii. The invasive weed species in the sites included daisy fleabane (Erigeron karvinskianus DC.), faya tree (Myrica faya Ait.), strawberry guava (Psidium cattleyanum Sabine), banana passion fruit (Passiflora mollissima Bailey), vaseygrass (Paspalum urvillei Steud.), and highbush blackberry (Rubus argutus Link. 1822). Native plants included ohia lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha Gaudich.), naupaka (Scaevola cerasifolia Labill.), pilo (Hedyotis mannii), hona (Urera glabra (Hook. & Arn.)), aalii (Dodonaea viscosa Jacq.), and amau (Sadleria sp.). The results showed that broadcast applications of hexazinone granules and tebuthiuron pellets were effective on some of those invasive species. Herbicidal tolerance varied among the native species. For example, D. viscosa showed high tolerance to hexazinone. S. cerasifolia was susceptible to hexazinone, but not to tebuthiuron. The inconsistent defoliation of Sadleria sp. occurred among different applications rates of the two herbicides. M. polymorpha, particularly when it was small, could tolerate hexazinone and tebuthiuron. U. glabra was severely injured by the two herbicides. H. mannii was moderately tolerant to hexazinone, but fairly sensitive to tebuthiuron. The invasive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was highly tolerant to hexazinone, but was very sensitive to tebuthiuron. M. faya was very sensitive to hexazinone, but very tolerant to tebuthiuron. P. cattleyanum was sensitive to both herbicides. Six and nine months after hexazinone and tebuthiuron treatment, respectively, native plants were transplanted into the Sites to observe injury from residual herbicides. Approximately less than 10% mortality was observed for the out-planted native species three months after planting (MAP), indicating that the native species showed less injury in the early period of transplant. The mortality of the three endangered species Kauai hau kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphis distans), Kauai delissea (Delissea rhytidosperma H.Mann) and kawawaenohu (Alsinidendron lynchnoides), however, increased as the MAP increased. Overall, broadcast treatments of hexazinone and tebuthiuron at rates higher than 1 kg active ingredient per hectare would be problematic. The dissipation half-life values of hexazinone and tebuthiuron in the 1-15 cm layer of soils at the two sites were approximately 7 days and greater than 180 days, respectively.

Pre-harvest factors that influence the quality of passion fruit: A review

Colombia is the country with the greatest genetic diversity in passion fruit species, some of which are cultivated on an area of approximately 13,673 ha. Each variety must be planted at a suitable altitude under optimal conditions to obtain the best quality. Regarding plant nutrition, potassium has the greatest influence due to the effect of its application on the yield increase, ascorbic acid content and lifecycle to harvest. Adequate water increases the percentage of the marketable quality and amount of fruit juice, and the use of rootstocks does not significantly change the fruit quality. Ensuring a pollination of the flowers in cultivation is decisive for the fruit formation and its juice content. The species differ greatly in their quality, as purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) is a fruit that develops the highest content of ascorbic acid, while sweet calabash (P. maliformis) forms the maximum amount of phenols and total antioxidant activity. The maturation and ripening of passion fruit is determined by the skin coloration, during which the Brix grades and the maturity index increase and the titratable acidity diminishes. Fruits harvested early in physiological maturity and with unripe peel color can be treated with ethylene in post-harvest, matching fruits that ripened in the plant. More research is needed in the improvement of the quality of the Passifloraceae. Giant granadilla (P. cuadrangularis) and sweet calabash have been studied less than banana passion fruit (P. tripartita var. mollissima), purple passion fruit, yellow passion fruit and sweet granadilla (P. ligularis). The last three species are the most exported fruits in the country.

Effects of Wall Materials and Operating Parameters on Physicochemical Properties, Process Efficiency, and Total Carotenoid Content of Microencapsulated Banana Passionfruit Pulp (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima) by Spray-Drying

Banana passionfruit is an edible fruit widespread in the Andean highlands of Colombia and Ecuador, which has a high content of carotenoids. The microencapsulation process is used to improve the stability of this bioactive compound. The encapsulation agents, core/wall material ratio, and operational parameters influence the efficiency of the process. In this study, Maltodextrin (MD) and Gum Arabic (GA) were used as wall materials to assess the influence of inlet temperature and different MD:GA and core/encapsulating material (Core:EM) ratios on moisture, water activity, color, particle size, process yield (PY), encapsulation efficiency (EE), and total carotenoid content (TCC) of microencapsulated banana passionfruit pulp (MBP) by spray-drying. The lowest moisture (1.12 ± 0.01%) of MBP was at a temperature of 150 °C; the water activity (Aw) for all samples was less than 0.4, and the Hue angle indicated a coloration between orange and yellow. The increase in temperature produced an increase in the particle size. However, the MBP showed a uniform particle diameter (1.25 ± 0.21 μm). The treatment T2A1B2 (T = 150 °C, Core:EM = 1:1, MD:GA = 4:6) showed the highest EE (50.79 ± 0.29%) and the best PY (60.84 ± 0.07%). The stability of MBP was carried out at temperatures of 4, 20, and 40 °C. The predicted shelf life can be up to 215 days on storage at 4 °C. The encapsulation improved the stability of TCC in banana passionfruit pulp. Therefore, the MBP can be considered as a potential ingredient for use in functional beverages.

Estudio del efecto fisiológico del consumo de arepas enriquecidas con pectina extraída de la cáscara de curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima)

Se evaluó el efecto fisiológico del consumo de arepas de maíz enriquecidas con 10% (p/p) de pectina extraída de cáscara de curuba sobre los niveles séricos de glucosa y lípidos en adultos voluntarios. La pectina se extrajo con ácido clorhídrico y se precipitó con etanol del 96% (v/v). En primer lugar, los voluntarios consumieron arepa sin pectina por siete días; después, arepa con 10% (p/p) de pectina cítrica comercial por 20 días y, finalmente, arepa con 10% de pectina de curuba por 20 días. Al mismo tiempo, se realizó un análisis sensorial de aceptación. Los resultados mostraron que, al consumir arepa con pectina de curuba, los niveles séricos de glucosa disminuyeron significativamente (5,88% (p = 0,023)), mientras que el perfil lipídico no se afectó. La arepa con pectina de curuba mostró mayor porcentaje de fibra dietética soluble, insoluble y total, así como menor porcentaje de carbohidratos disponibles, respecto a las otras arepas analizadas. El panel sensorial dictaminó baja aceptación en sabor y textura para las arepas con pectina cítrica comercial y con pectina de curuba. Se concluyó que la pectina de curuba puede aprovecharse para la formulación de arepas ya que ofrece a los consumidores un alimento benéfico para reducir los niveles de glucosa en la sangre.

Valorization Strategy of Banana Passion Fruit Shell Wastes: An Innovative Source of Phytoprostanes and Phenolic Compounds and Their Potential Use in Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Industries

At present, people with today's busy lifestyle have a general trend of consuming fruit like banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollisima) as juices or smoothies, being an increasing tendency that can generate a large amount of agro-industrial residues. Whereby, food industries have a significant investment to minimize these wastes generated or devise alternatives of residue use. So, food researches are aimed to exploit these fruit waste. In this sense, this study has allowed the detection for the first time, in banana passion fruit shell, phytoprostanes (PhytoPs), oxylipins with multiple biological activities in humans. Furthermore, this study, with methodology used (LC-MS) allowed us to detect higher amount of these compounds (2318.63 ± 71.51 µg/100 g DW) than other vegetable matrices previously studied (macroalgae, olives or almonds, among others). In addition, we were able to identify 14 phenolic compounds (including cinnamoyl acid derivatives, flavonoid-O-glycoside, flavonoid-C-glycosides), not previously described in this matrix. Hence, this work increased the knowledge about the bioactive compounds profile of banana passion fruit shells and thereby to achieve a product with added value that may be used as natural source of bioactive compounds as alternative of synthetic substances in several industries of pharmaceutic or cosmetic fields.

Crecimiento y caída de frutos en curuba (<i>Passiflora tripartita</i> var. mollissima)

El crecimiento es un aumento irreversible en el tamaño de los órganos de las plantas que puede implicar cambios en su forma, y está acompañado de procesos como la morfogénesis y la diferenciación celular. La expresión matemática del crecimiento del fruto en plantas cultivadas es una herramienta que permite estimar aspectos relacionados con la producción, y además contribuye a definir protocolos aplicables al manejo agronómico del cultivo. Se desarrolló en el municipio de Caldas (Boyacá, Colombia), un ensayo en condiciones de campo, con el objetivo de describir la dinámica de diferentes variables implicadas en el crecimiento y caída de frutos de curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima). Se calcularon modelos matemáticos para la estimación de algunas variables, usadas comúnmente para describir el crecimiento de frutos. Las variables evaluadas presentaron valores de R2 superiores a 0,98 con excepción de la tasa de crecimiento absoluto de la longitud del fruto y la caída instantánea de frutos, cuyos valores de R2 fueron de 0,82 y 0,76, respectivamente. Los resultados mostraron que la tasa de crecimiento relativo presentó los valores máximos hasta 22 días después de la apertura floral, mientras que la tasa de crecimiento absoluto presentó el mayor valor entre 15-22 días después de la apertura floral. La longitud y el ancho de los frutos mostraron una curva de forma sigmoide, típica de otras Passifloraceae reportadas previamente. La máxima caída de frutos de presentó a los 15 días después de la apertura floral y se encontró que sólo el 38,9% de las flores desarrollan frutos que alcanzan el momento de la cosecha. Esta información es de gran importancia cuando se pretende efectuar un manejo tecnificado del cultivo, con el propósito de optimizar la producción de curuba.

Fruit maturity stage and provenance affect seed germination of Passiflora mollissima (banana passion fruit) and P. ligularis (sweet granadilla), two commercially valuable tropical fruit species

Fruit maturity stage and provenance affect seed germination of <i>Passiflora mollissima </i> (banana passion fruit) and <i>P. ligularis</i> (sweet granadilla), two commercially valuable tropical fruit species

Hymenopterous parasitoids of Dasiops (Díptera: Lonchaeidae) infesting cultivated Passiflora spp. (Passifloraceae) in Cundinamarca and Boyaca, Colombia

Dasiops spp. are the most important pest in cultivated Passiflora plants. Larvae of these fruit flies are herbivores, feeding on flower buds and fruit of yellow passionfruit, sweet granadilla, banana passionfruit and purple passionfruit crops located in Cundinamarca and Boyaca, Colombia. Geographic distribution, natural abundance and percentage of parasitoidism for every Dasiops species by each plant species were determined. Aganaspis pelleranoi (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) was found to be a parasitoid of D. inedulis (14.19-50.00%), infesting flower buds of yellow passionfruit and fruit of sweet granadilla (7.41%). Microcrasis sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was found to be parasitizing both D.gracilis (0.83-3.13%) and D. inedulis (0.83%) in purple and yellow passionfruit. Trichopria sp. and Pentapria sp. (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) were found to be parasitizing D. inedulis (40.00% and 4.17-20.00%, respectively) and D. gracilis (1.69-22.22% and 1.67-29.17%, respectively) in purple passion fruit. Dasiops caustonae was found to be infesting banana passionfruit only in Boyaca, naturally parasitized by Pentapria sp. (11.11-33.33%). Because Pentapria sp. had a wide geographical distribution as an idiobiont of Dasiops spp. pupae, in all of the assessed cultivated Passiflora species, despite a high selection pressure by chemical control distributed at regular calendar intervals, it would be a crucial strategy in pest management control. Collecting fallen flower buds and fruit infested by Dasiops spp. is important to truncate the life cycle of fruit flies and allow emergence of parasitoids. This simple cultural strategy could have important implications in reducing production costs, increased crop yields and environmental care.

Impact of pectin properties on lipid digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions: Comparison of citrus and banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima) pectins

Medium methoxylated pectin (52% mol/mol, MMP) was isolated from banana passion fruit (Passiflora tripartita var. mollisima) by hot acidic extraction. The impact of MMP on lipid digestion was compared to that of commercial citrus pectins with high (71% mol/mol, HMP) and low (30% mol/mol, LMP) methoxylation degree. A static in vitro digestion model was used to elucidate the impact of pectin properties (methoxylation degree and molecular weight) on the gastrointestinal fate of emulsified lipids. A 2.0% (w/w) corn oil-in-water emulsion stabilized with 0.2% (w/w) Tween 80 was prepared, mixed with 1.8% (w/w) pectin samples, and then subjected to the static in vitro digestion model (37 °C): initial (pH 7.0); oral (pH 6.8, 10 min, mucin); gastric (pH 2.5, 120 min, pepsin); and intestinal (pH 7.0, 120 min, bile salts, and pancreatic lipase) phases. The impact of the three pectin samples on surface particle charge (ζ-potential), particle size distribution of lipid droplets, microstructure, rheology, and lipid digestion (free fatty acids (FFAs) released) was determined. The rate and extent of lipid digestion decreased with increasing simultaneously both the molecular weight and pectin methoxylation, with the FFAs released after 120 min of intestinal digestion being 47, 70, and 91% (w/w) for HMP, MMP, and LMP, respectively. These results have important implications for understanding the influence of pectin on lipid digestion. The control of lipid digestibility within the gastrointestinal tract might be important for the designing and development of novel functional foods to control bioactive release or to modulate satiety.

Efecto Térmico del Secado por Aspersión sobre los Metabolitos Antioxidantes de la Curuba Larga (Passiflora mollisima baley)

In this study the antioxidant capacity and content of polyphenolic compounds in the fruit of Banana Passion Fruit (Passiflora mollisima Baley) before and after spray drying was evaluated. The high water content makes horticultural foods highly perishable and limited shelf life. Drying methods ensure microbiological stability of the fruit, although they may induce nutraceutical losses in the final product due to high temperatures used. The results revealed preservation of the antioxidant capacity determined by the spectrophotometric ABTS and DPPH techniques and by fluorescence ORAC assay, obtaining 77.3, 84.2 and 82.1 % respectively. The results suggest that the spray-drying is a suitable technique for dehydration of Banana Passion Fruit (Passiflora mollisima baley) and may be useful for other food matrices.

Características nutricionales y antioxidantes de la fruta curuba larga (Passiflora mollissima Bailey)

Background: banana passion fruit is a tropical fruit whose nutritional value and bioactive compounds are little known and have not been studied enough. Objective: based on the nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of banana passion fruit we show the nutritional value and the impact to human health. Methodology: characteristics of fruit and production were described. Proximal composition of the fruit was analyzed. Micronutrients were known by scientific references related to banana passion fruit. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by DPPH, FRAP and ORAC methods. Results: this is a source of vitamins A, C and niacin, minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, iron; provides moderate amounts of carbohydrates and calories. The content of total carotenoids, phenols and flavonoids was 118,8 mg βcarotene 460,1 mg galic acid galic and, 1.907,6 mg catechine/100 g respectively. The DPPH, FRAP and ORAC value was 60.843,1 µmol, 8.520,3 µmol and, 20.754,9 µmol trolox equivalents/100 g dehydrated fruit respectively. Conclusion: people in general and the food industry should take advantange of the nutritional and antioxidant value of banana passion fruit as well as raw material to improve the productive chain.

Propiedades antioxidantes de extractos de curuba (Passiflora mollisima Bailey) en crema de leche

Background: Milk fat contributes to flavors of dairy products and contributes to fat-soluble vitamins absorption. However, it is susceptible to oxidation reactions that result in a decrease in the quality of products. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the milk cream supplemented with 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80 % w/w of Banana Passion Fruit extracts and oxidative stability during 25 days of storage at 4oC. Materials and Methods: Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by the TBARS method. The antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, ORAC-H, ORAC-L and Folin-Ciocalteu assays. Results: Treatments improved significantly (p<0.05) the oxidative stability of the cream during 25 days of storage, the presence of 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80% w/w curuba extract reduced production of malondialdehyde by 6, 15 and 22% respectively compared to control, the antioxidant power of the supplemented samples was higher than control. In the sensory evaluation was found difference between the cream with and without extract. Conclusions: Banana Passion Fruit extract retards the oxidation process of the cream and may be associated with the antioxidant capacity of the product.