Average Stress Score Research Articles

Examining the determinants of resilience and mental stress in emergency department nurses

BackgroundEmergency departments (ED) are characterized by highly dynamic environments. This study aimed to identify determinants of resilience and mental stress among ED nurses.MethodsA cross-sectional, analytical design was employed to assess 316 emergency nurses in Kermanshah hospitals using a convenience sampling method. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale measured resilience and mental stress, respectively. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, ANOVA, chi-square tests, and Pearson’s correlation in SPSS version 25.ResultsThe average mental stress score was 26.9, and the average resilience score was 64, indicating moderate levels. Significant relationships were found between employment status, emergency responsibility, economic status, and resilience (P < 0.01). Additionally, place of residence, number of children, education, shift work, social network presence, employment status, emergency responsibility, and economic status were significantly related to psychological stress (P < 0.01). Pearson’s correlation showed an inverse relationship between resilience and mental stress (r = -0.123, P = 0.029). Age was inversely related to mental stress (r = -0.408, P < 0.001), while overtime hours per month were directly related to resilience (r = 0.135, P = 0.016) and inversely related to mental stress (r = -0.482, P = 0.029).ConclusionThe research highlights the importance of considering demographic variables in managing nurses’ resilience and mental pressure, emphasizing the need for hospital officials to focus on work shifts, employment status, and economic conditions.

Parental stress and mental health among transgender parents

Background Parental stress impacts individual health and the development of the next generation, but there is a lack of comprehensive research on parental stress among transgender parents in China. This study is the first to investigate parental stress and mental health among transgender parents and identify potential influencing factors. Methods We designed a cross-sectional survey that recruited a representative sample of 647 transgender parents. A validated questionnaire was used to investigate parental stress, depression, anxiety, and their associated factors, including parent factors (gender dysphoria, time of coming out, depression, and anxiety) and situational factors (family violence, partner violence, relationship with partner, discrimination and family income). Linear regression models were used to explore the influencing factors of parental stress among transgender parents, a structural equation model (SEM) was established to explore the possible pathways between these factors and parental stress, and network analysis was conducted to determine primary symptoms and central risk factors. Results The average parental stress score was 50.4 ± 8.02. 92.7% of participants exhibited depressive tendencies and 73.7% showed anxiety tendencies. Lower family income (p < 0.001), coming out after having a child (Coefficient (Coef.) = 2.6, 95% confidential interval (CI) = 1.174 ∼ 4.027), family violence (Coef. = 3.582, 95%CI = 2.372 ∼ 4.791), partner violence (Coef. = 4.199, 95%CI = 2.998 ∼ 5.401), being discriminated during seeking of childbearing health care (Coef. = 3.29, 95%CI = 2.054 ∼ 4.526), poor relationship with partner (fair relationship: coef. = −3.205, 95%CI = −4.86∼−1.551; good relationship: coef. = −5.372, 95%CI = −6.886∼−3.858), depression (Coef. = 5.873, 95%CI = 3.557 ∼ 8.189), and anxiety (Coef. = 5.705, 95%CI = 4.368 ∼ 7.042) were significantly associated with higher parental stress. Through the pathway analysis, the direct or indirect effects of parent factors and situational factors on parental stress were observed. Additionally, network analysis revealed that gender dysphoria, family violence, psychological abuse, and various anxiety types as central risk factors, with two gender dysphoria symptoms showing the strongest direct relationship to stress. Conclusions Transgender parents experience significant parental stress influenced by mental health, sociodemographic, transgender-specific, family, and socio-environmental factors. Enhanced family support and a more inclusive social environment are crucial for reducing stress and improving the well-being of transgender parents and their children.

Exploring Quantum Touch Therapy's Efficacy in Managing Stress Among Young Stroke Survivors: A Quasi-Experimental Approach

Stroke is a neurological disorder that can lead to disability and significant stress, particularly among young stroke survivors. Quantum Touch therapy, an alternative energy-based therapy, may hold potential for stress management. Evaluate the effectiveness of Quantum Touch therapy in reducing stress levels among young stroke survivors. This quasi-experimental study used purposive sampling, involving 76 young stroke survivors (aged 18-50), who were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (38 participants), receiving Quantum Touch therapy, or the control group (38 participants), receiving only standard care. Therapy sessions were conducted six times per week, each lasting 30 minutes, over the study period from March 1 to May 1, 2024. Stress levels were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-42 questionnaire before and after the intervention. Analysis showed that the intervention group experienced a significant reduction in stress levels after undergoing Quantum Touch therapy, with an average stress score change of 3.29 (p &lt; 0.001), while the control group showed no significant change (p = 1.000). The statistical analysis also highlighted a substantial effect size in the intervention group, emphasizing the quantifiable impact observed. This study suggests that Quantum Touch therapy has significant potential in reducing stress levels among young stroke survivors. The therapy contributes to stress reduction by restoring energetic balance, leading to deep relaxation and decreased anxiety and muscle tension. The findings support the inclusion of Quantum Touch therapy as a complementary approach in post-stroke rehabilitation, offering measurable benefits in stress management for young stroke survivors

Assessing caregiver stress and resource needs in pediatric cancer care

BackgroundCaregivers of pediatric cancer patients often face significant stress and emotional strain, which can negatively impact their well-being and the quality of care provided to their children. Understanding the socio-demographic factors influencing caregiver stress and identifying the specific needs and resources required by caregivers are crucial for improving support systems in pediatric cancer care.Aim of the studyThis study aimed to analyze the levels of caregiver stress and their resource needs within pediatric cancer care.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive design was used, and the study was conducted at El-Minia Oncology Center outpatient clinics, Egypt. The sample included 258 pediatric cancer caregivers selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data were collected using the Caregiver Needs and Resources Assessment (CNRA) and the King Stone Caregiver Stress Scale (KCSS), both of which demonstrated strong reliability and validity. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients were employed for data analysis using SPSS version 29, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.ResultsCaregivers reported moderate to high stress levels, with an average stress score of 34.59 (SD = 7.649). Age, education level, marital status, and income were significant predictors of caregiver stress (p < 0.001), with lower income and higher educational levels contributing to increased stress. The number of children, child’s age, and duration since cancer diagnosis also significantly impacted stress levels (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that psychological needs were positively related to stress (r = 0.488, p < 0.001), while spirituality was negatively associated with stress (r = -0.241, p < 0.001). Regression analysis indicated that physiological needs (ß = 0.331) and role conflict (ß = 0.294) were the strongest predictors of stress (R² = 0.636).Conclusion and implicationsThis study emphasizes the impact of socio-demographic factors on caregiver stress in pediatric cancer care. Targeted interventions that address caregivers’ psychological, social, and financial needs are essential to alleviate stress. Implementing caregiver-centered support programs in pediatric oncology can enhance the well-being of both caregivers and patients. Future research should explore sustainable strategies to further reduce caregiver burden.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Evaluation of stress in the dental environment and its association with educational self-efficacy in dental students

Background: Dental students face significant stress due to the demands of their education, which may impact their academic performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between stress in the dental environment and academic self-efficacy among dental student. Methods: The present research was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was performed on 225 third- to sixth-year dentistry students of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences who were studying during the academic year 2021-2022. The data collection method was three questionnaires: demographic questionnaire, modified dental environment stress questionnaire, and McElroy educational self-efficacy questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient, linear regression, Independent Samples T, least significant difference, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the collected data. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to evaluate the normality of the data. Results: The overall average stress scores in the dimensions of clinical training, university factors, personal beliefs, patient care, and academic efficiency were 3.03±1.09, 3.57±0.77, 3.52±0.82, 2.67±1.12 and 2.58±1.23, respectively. The stress of the dental setting showed a significant relationship with the variables of gender, academic semester, and academic self-efficacy (P&lt;0.05). The stress score was higher in females than in males. With an increase in academic semester and educational self-efficacy, the stress level was significantly higher. Conclusion: The present study shows that students with higher educational self-efficacy, experience more stress. Therefore, it seems that they endure a large amount of stress in the dental environment to achieve higher self-efficacy and are unable to deal with it properly.

The Effect of Virtual Self-Management Training in Communication Skills on The Level of Violence and Occupational Stress of Emergency Technicians at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences In 2021

Introduction: Emergency technicians face workplace violence and increasing occupational stress. Thepurpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a virtual self-management training in communicationskills on occupational stress and the degree of aggression among emergency technicians. Material and Methods: This study involved 60 emergency technicians randomly assigned to either theintervention or control group. They completed surveys on workplace violence and occupational stress.The intervention group received six weeks of a virtual self-management training in communication skills.Data was collected after two months and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The findings showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the controlgroup (110.08±11.92) and the two intervention groups (114.39±11.25) in terms of the averageoccupational stress before the intervention; The average job stress score between the intervention(94.0±12,70) and control (98.81± 20,81) groups significantly differed following the intervention (p=0.034);After the intervention, the intervention group had lower verbal and physical abuse frequencies comparedto the control group. Conclusion: The virtual self-management communication training demonstrated the potential to reduceoccupational stress but did not significantly decrease the violence towards the emergency technicians.A comprehensive training program addressing violence factors and communication techniques,implemented over a longer period, is recommended

Efficacy of facilitated tucking position and Reiki given to preterm infants during orogastric tube insertion: A randomised controlled trial.

This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of Reiki and facilitated tucking position on pain, stress and physiologic parameters in preterm infants during orogastric tube (OGT) insertion. The study used a single-blind, parallel-group randomised controlled experimental design. It was carried out in the neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital in Niğde/Turkey between February 2022 and January 2023. A total of 45 preterm infants, who met the study criteria and whose sample size was determined according to power analysis, were randomly divided into three groups. As an intervention, the facilitated tucking position was applied to the first group, and Reiki was applied to the second group during OGT insertion. Routine application continued in the control group. The Infant Introductory Information Form, Physiological Parameter Follow-up Chart, Infant Stress Scale (ISS) and Premature Infant Pain Profile Scale-Revised (PIPP-R) were used for data collection. Significance was accepted as P < 0.05 in the statistical analysis. It was determined that the infants were homogeneously distributed between the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). Infants who received the facilitated tucking position and Reiki intervention had better physiological stability compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The group with the lowest average stress (1.53 ± 0.99) and pain scores (4.06 ± 1.22) during OGT insertion was the facilitated tucking group (P < 0.001). After the procedure, stress and pain scores in both the facilitated tucking group and the Reiki group were found to be significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The results of the study showed that the facilitated tucking position during OGT insertion was especially effective in reducing the pain and stress of infants. Both the facilitated tucking position and Reiki were determined to be effective interventions in reducing the pain and stress of infants more quickly after the procedure. The results of study contribute to the recommendation that NICU nurses should include non-pharmacological methods to decrease the pain of preterm infants during procedural pain.

Designing and evaluating a mobile app to assist patients undergoing coronary angiography and assessing its impact on anxiety, stress levels, and self-care

BackgroundCoronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Coronary angiography is a diagnostic procedure used to detect atherosclerosis. Patients typically experience anxiety and stress before and during the angiography procedure. Furthermore, self-care ability is crucial following angiography.AimThis study aims to describe the design and evaluation of a mobile application focusing on stress, anxiety, and self-care abilities in patients undergoing coronary angiography.MethodThe researchers developed a mobile application for patients undergoing angiography. The application provides information about angiography and tips for enhancing self-care following the procedure. An interventional study was conducted on 70 patients admitted to the angiography ward in hospitals in Kerman, Iran, between 2022 and 2023. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: control and intervention. The interventional group received the intervention application the night before angiography. Two groups completed the Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DAS) and Kearney-Flescher Self-Care Survey before the intervention. The researchers used questionnaires that had been prepared and previously utilized in other studies. The two groups completed the anxiety and stress questionnaire within three to six hours and the self-care questionnaire one month after angiography. SPSS 15 software was used for data analysis, with a significance level set at 0.05.ResultsThe study found that the majority of participants were women. Before the study, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of anxiety, stress, and self-care scores. However, after the study, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in average anxiety and stress scores (p < 0.001). Additionally, compared to the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvement in average self-care score (p < 0.001).ConclusionAccording to this study, AP can be effective in influencing the anxiety, stress levels, and self-care ability of patients who undergo coronary angiography. It can help to reduce stress and anxiety while increasing self-care. Instructive software is user-friendly, cost-effective, and can be recommended by nurses and doctors.

Effects of Yoga on Stress in Pregnant Women.

During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes physiological and metabolic changes to nourish the developing fetus. Every woman experiences pregnancy-related stress differently, with symptoms and difficulties ranging from mild to severe. However, various therapies are available to help reduce stress levels. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of integrated yoga, which includes asanas and pranayama, on stress levels and physiological markers in pregnant women. The study is a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind trial with 2 parallel groups. The intervention group was provided with integrated yoga therapy, while the control group was given routine standard care from 18 to 22weeks to 33-35weeks of gestation. To measure the stress level, a standardized perceived stress scale was used, which has 10 items with stress scores ranging from 0 to 4, with a maximum score of 40. The average stress score was significantly lower in the intervention group (P <.001) as well as normal physiological parameters when compared to the control group. Findings suggest that practicing yoga during pregnancy is safe and effective in reducing stress and preventing complications. Women who began yoga therapy during their second trimester reported a significant decrease in physiological parameters from baseline to post-intervention. However, further randomized controlled trials are necessary to determine the validity and usefulness of yoga therapy during pregnancy.

Investigating the Relationship between Religiosity and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Mothers of Children with Cancer Admitted to t Pediatric Oncology Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital , Yazd , 2019

Introduction: Religiosity can help in adapting to difficult situations and provide better care. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between religiosity and post-traumatic stress disorder in mothers of children with cancer. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study conducted on 115 mothers of children with cancer who were admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, in Yazd, in 2019. Sampling was done through convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the demographic information questionnaire, and Mississippi PTSD and Glock and Stark questionnaires. . Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Pearson's correlation, chi-square) statistical tests and indicators were used; data were investigated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 21 software with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The findings showed that in the post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire, the average score was 97/61±36/78 and the average score of the religiosity questionnaire was 26/77±61/85. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a negative relationship between religiosity and PTSD (p= 0/160, r= -0/132). The average score of PTSD and religiosity among mothers was not significantly different according to various variables such as mother's occupation, child's gender, and education level. The difference in the average score of PTSD in mothers was different according to the characteristics such as education level and occupation. The average score of religiosity was more different when comparing working mothers with housewives. The average stress score after the accident showed a greater difference in mothers according to the type of child's illness. The average PTSD score was 83/87±25/79 for neuroblastoma and 92/33±24/98 for solid tumor disease. Conclusion: PTSD among mothers was close to the cut-off point for the disorder. Although there was no significant relationship between PTSD and mothers' religiosity, it can be said that the severity of mental situation of mothers with severe cancer was effective in the study.

Stress Levels among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Relation to Demographic Factors at Tra Vinh University, Vietnam, 2023

The mental health of nursing students is increasingly recognized as a critical issue, particularly given the high demands of their educational and clinical training. This study evaluates the prevalence and severity of stress among 94 nursing students, revealing a significant incidence of stress with potentially serious implications for health. According to the World Health Organization, optimal mental health enables individuals to manage life’s normal stresses and contribute positively to their communities. However, when stress becomes pathological, it can severely impact life balance and health, leading to conditions such as anxiety and depression. Our findings show that 38.3% of nursing students experience stress, with 61.7% exhibiting symptoms of stress and 35.1% facing mild pathological stress. Notably, severe pathological stress necessitating medical intervention was observed in 3.2% of the cohort. The average stress score was 21.2 ± 4.4, indicating a substantial risk of stress progression from normal to mild pathological levels. Demographic analysis revealed no significant differences in stress prevalence based on gender, age, or ethnicity. Living arrangements and economic status did not significantly influence stress rates. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to mitigate stress and its detrimental effects on nursing students, potentially enhancing their educational outcomes and long-term mental health.

A comparative analysis of stress, anxiety, and social well-being of working mothers and stay-at-home mothers during the covid pandemic.

The role of mental health is crucial in maintaining the dynamism and productivity of any given society. In contemporary times, a significant proportion of the workforce is comprised of women and mothers. Working in healthcare facilities, where exposure to pathogenic agents is an everyday nuisance, can have detrimental effects on mothers' stress and anxiety levels. Furthermore, such exposure can also endanger the health of both the family and society. Conversely, the employment of mothers could positively impact their social well-being. The primary objective of this study is to assess and compare the stress, anxiety, and social well-being scores of mothers employed in healthcare facilities and stay-at-home mothers during the COVID pandemic. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 246 mothers, equally divided into two groups: Mothers who work in health centers and stay-at-home mothers (123 individuals in each group). The study was conducted from 2021 to 2022, a multistage sampling method was utilized and two questionnaires were administered: The DASS 21 (21 questions) and the social well-being questionnaire (48 questions). The data were analyzed using SPSS 18, and descriptive and analytical tests (Independent Samples T-Test, Mann-Whitney) were employed. The mean age was 35.7 ± 7.1 for working mothers and 34.3 ± 6.3 for stay-at-home mothers. The average stress score for employed mothers was 5.72 ± 4.7, and for stay-at-home mothers, it was 7.16 ± 4.3, which indicates a statistically significant difference in stress levels between the two groups (P = 0.04). However, the two groups had no significant difference in the mean anxiety score (P = 0.08). The mean score for social well-being was 165.5 ± 18.4 for working mothers and 162.17 ± 21.2 for stay-at-home mothers. This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.18). Except for the social acceptance dimension (P = 0.003), no statistically significant differences were observed in the social well-being dimension between the two groups. The social acceptance of working mothers appears to be greater than that of stay-at-home mothers. Higher social acceptance suggests that they hold a more positive outlook on people and are at ease in social situations, which may have helped to alleviate their stress and anxiety.

Work Stress and Job Satisfaction among Staff in a New Medical University

Background: Services rendered in exchange for reward or payment may be referred to as a job. Different rewards exist for different services; however, some services are associated with varying levels of discomfort, deprivations or denials which the individual may perceive as stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction among members of staff in a new medical university in the year 2020/2021.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among total population of members of staff in a private medical university, using a pretested questionnaire. Data was analysed using The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.&#x0D; Results: A total of one hundred and twenty-eight (128) respondents were involved in the study. There were 52 (40.6%) lecturers. The cumulative mean score for academic workload, work environment, student-related issues, and research and career development was 10.84. There was unwillingness among a variable number of staff (between 19 (14.8%) and 71 (55.5%)) to comment on job satisfaction. Fewer respondents strongly agreed with positive items of assessment for job satisfaction. A statistically significant inverse difference was found between job stress and job satisfaction.&#x0D; Conclusion: Although varied degrees of work stress were recorded among the university staff, the cumulative average stress score was high. Fewer respondents strongly agreed with positive items of assessment for job satisfaction, and a few staff were unwilling to provide responses on job satisfaction. Efforts should be intensified to reduce stress among staff with the goal of improving job satisfaction.

Predictors of Sleep Quality Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

One of the health problems experienced by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality is an important factor in poor blood sugar regulation. This study aims to determine the predictors of sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a private hospital in Yogyakarta. This research was conducted using a cross sectional approach on 150 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were recruited at the Endocrine Clinic at a private hospital in Yogyakarta. The questionnaires used in this research were demographic data questionnaires, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis was carried out using Multiple hierarchical linear regression. The research results show that the average stress score of respondents in this study was 16.13 (SD = 4.59), which is in the medium category. Global PSQI showed that respondents experienced poor sleep quality (mean = 5.33, SD = 1.79). The Perceived Stress Scale score contributed 23.6% to the sleep quality score. The higher the respondent's stress level, the lower the respondent's sleep quality. Nurses can develop interventions to improve the sleep quality of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Coping with Academic Stress: A Study on the Relationship Between Stress and Coping Behaviour among Physiotherapy Students

BACKGROUND: Academic stress is defined as the body’s response to academic related demands that exceeds adaptive capability of students. It estimated that 10-30% of students experience some degree of academic stress during their career. Physiotherapy students have attributed academic demands like time demands, amount of material to be learnt, uncertainty about expectation, lack of skill and personal factors as contribution to¬¬¬¬¬ psychological morbidity OBJECTIVE: The study aims at assessing the level of Perceived stress among Physiotherapy students and their coping behaviors with the stress METHOD: It is a cross sectional time of descriptive study that was conducted on 250 physiotherapy students in and around Bangalore. A convenient non probability technique of sampling is used and 207 participants selected for study. RESULTS: The study consisted of 207 Physiotherapy students, majority of the students that is 40.8% were between 18 to 20 years followed by 44% between 21 to 23 years and 6.3% were between 24 to 26 years old. Out of 207 participants, 67.6% were female and 32.4% were male. According to this study 34.8% were 1st year students, 25.6% were 4th years, 25.1% were 2nd years and 14.5% were 3rd year students. Average stress score was 42.82±8.14 and average COPE score was 65.71±12.60. CONCLUSION: As a result, the objectives of this study is to identify the causes of the respondent’s academic stress and the coping mechanisms they employed that have already been met by using the PAS questionnaire and the Brief Cope questionnaire as the instruments.

Excessive Smartphone Use is Associated with Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep Quality of Australian Adults

Problematic smartphone use has been associated with poorer mental health in different population groups; however, little is known about how levels of smartphone use were associated with mental health outcomes of adults in Australia. Using data from a cross-sectional survey among Australian adults aged 18–59 years (n = 655, Mean = 24.55 [SD = 5.59] years; 66% female), the current study aimed to examine association between problematic smartphone use and different psychological outcomes. Participants completed measures of problematic smartphone use with Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS), mental health outcomes with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), in addition to some socio-demographics. Smartphone use was categorised into three groups: low-moderate, moderate-high, and high-severe. A total of 160 adults (24.4%) reported high-severe smartphone use. Multivariable linear regression analyses showed that smartphone use was inversely associated with psychological outcomes in a dose-dependent manner with high-severe smartphone uses having the most adverse effects. Compared to low-moderate use, average depression score was 3.5 points higher for moderate-high smartphone use (β = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.63–5.40) and 6.9 points higher for high-severe smartphone use (β = 6.91, 95% CI: 4.74–9.07). Similarly, average stress score was 3.4 points higher for moderate-high smartphone use (β = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.75–5.06) and 7.0 points higher for high-severe smartphone use (β = 7.02, 95% CI: 5.11–8.93). Similar association estimates were found for anxiety and sleep quality. Reducing smartphone use has the potential to optimise depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality; however, longitudinal research is warranted to establish directionality of the association.

Ideological and political education and mental health education on post-PTSD stress of college students under ESP

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress in college students may lead to severe psychological consequences, including depression, anxiety, social difficulties, and risk of self-harm. In order to provide effective support and promote rehabilitation, the research explores the integration of ideological and political education and mental health education to alleviate the post-traumatic stress of college students.Subjects and MethodsTo study the effect of ideological and political education combined with mental health education on the relief of post-traumatic stress in college students, the Stanford Acute Stress Response Questionnaire and 3-minute Disorder Assessment Scale were used as assessment tools to measure stress level and cognitive function. SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the data.ResultsCompared with the control group, the post-traumatic stress level was significantly reduced in the experimental group receiving comprehensive treatment. The average post-traumatic stress score decreased by 30 percent in the experimental group, compared with only 10 percent in the control group. In addition, the 3-minute Disorder Assessment Scale showed a 15% increase in cognitive clarity and reduction in disorder symptoms.ConclusionsThe combination of ideological and political education and mental health education has a good effect on alleviating the post-traumatic stress of college students. The treatment effect of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). Therefore, the use of research methods is more conducive to the relief of patients’ post-traumatic stress.

Relationship between nursing stress and forgotten nursing care in the COVID-19 pandemic

Background and aims: Long-term stress can lead to forgetfulness of nursing care and reduce the quality of nursing care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between nursing stresses and missed nursing care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. This study included 268 nurses from various hospitals in 2022. Sampling was done by stratified quota method. Kalish and Williams’ Forgotten Nursing Care and French’s nursing stress questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Stata 14 at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The study showed a significant relationship between the expression of nursing stress and forgotten nursing care (P≤0.001). Average stress scores for nursing care and forgotten nursing care were obtained as 137.90±36.70 and 32.71±8.72, respectively. Conclusion: Most nurses reported much stress. Considering the positive correlation between nursing stress and forgotten nursing care, nursing managers are suggested to reduce missed nursing care with stress reduction workshops.

The Influence of Out-of-Pocket Cost on Wrist Fracture Treatment Selection

Patient-centered care prioritizes patients' specific health needs and desired outcomes based on their preferences, values, and goals. The aim of this study was to evaluate nonclinical factors that affect decision-making related to wrist fracture treatment options. A discrete choice experiment was administered via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants chose between two treatment options for theoretical wrist fractures. Each choice set contained three levels for four attributes-total out-of-pocket cost, length of cast immobilization, time to return to work, and number of posttreatment follow-up visits-determined using Medicare national average out-of-pocket costs and a range of standard treatment options. Financial stress was evaluated using the InCharge Financial Distress/Financial Well-Being Scale. A total of 232 responses were collected. The average financial stress score was 6.29 (SD, 1.97), with 22% (52/232) being classified as financially distressed (score < 5.00). Twenty-eight percent of the participants (n= 64) always chose the lowest cost option, and two participants (0.01%) always chose less time in a cast. Over one-third of the participants chose the cheaper monetary option 80% of the time or more. The odds of choosing a lower cost option were 1.06 times greater per $100 decrease in cost in the entire cohort and 1.03 times greater among 166 participants who did not always choose the least expensive option. In monetary terms, relative importance showed that the participants were willing to pay $19.48 and $58.37 for a week less of cast immobilization and out of work, respectively. This study demonstrates the important role that out-of-pocket cost plays in decision-making compared with the nonclinical components of two equivalent treatment options. Providers should be cognizant of the cost associated with treatment options so that information on treatment cost can be incorporated into counseling and shared decision-making with patients undergoing hand surgery.

The effect of Teach-back Method during discharge on the stress and anxiety of mothers of babies undergoing open heart surgery

Background and aims: The research investigated the effect of care training during discharge on the stress and anxiety levels of mothers whose babies are undergoing open heart surgery. Parents of children with CHD experience high levels of stress and anxiety starting from the time of diagnosis, throughout the hospitalization for cardiac surgery, and even in the months and years that follow. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 60 mothers of children undergoing open heart surgery referred to the Tehran Children’s Medical Center Hospital entered the study through lottery sampling in 2019. Then, the Teach-back Method program was implemented for the intervention group in four sessions. Data were collected before and immediately after the intervention using a Questionnaire measuring parents’ stress and the Spielberger anxiety questionnaire. It was then analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Results: The study found that following the intervention, there was a significant decrease in the average scores of states and trait anxiety compared to the initial scores (P=0.006 and P=0.007, respectively). Additionally, the average stress score after the intervention was significantly lower than the initial score (P=0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that offering oral instructions to mothers during the discharge phase of their children’s open-heart surgery can lead to positive outcomes by reducing post-operative anxiety and stress. These results highlight the need for further research to explore the long-term effects of post-operative oral education in various clinical settings.