Automatic Support Research Articles

ART-Improving Execution Time for Flash Applications

Rich Internet Applications (RIA) require fast execution time and allow richer, faster, and more interactive experiences. Flash is a common technology for building RIAs. Flash programmers usually specialize in graphic design rather than programming. In addition, the tight schedule of projects makes the Flash programmers ignore non-functional characteristics such as the efficiency of their systems; yet, to enhance Flash users’ experiences, writing efficient ActionScript code is a key requirement. Flash programmers require automated support to assist with this key requirement. This paper proposes a refactoring system called ART (ActionScript Refactoring Tool) to provide automatic support for Flash programmers by rewriting their ActionScript code to make their applications faster.

Design of Automatic End-Advanced Hydraulic Support in Coal Face with Deep Dip Angle and Large Mining Height

ZTZL60000/25/45 Automatic End-Advanced Hydraulic Support is developed to meet the needs of the fully mechanized coal face with deep dip angle and large mining height, mechanizing the advanced support of the end and drift, while greatly reducing the construction personnel's labor intensity. Not only the end support strength is enhanced, which improves the safety and reliability of advanced support and generates methods to solve problems related to reserving triangle coal on the face that enhances the support efficiency and reduces support costs, but also more recovered coal resources become available since the height of roadway increases, spawning a certain amount of economic benefits.

New Support Fast Generation and Application in Stereolithgraphy Apparatus

In sterolithgraphy rapid prototyping, the support can constraint the parts deformation, and avoid a lot of problems such as collapse, shift and imbalance of the parts. It is of great importance in improving the overall efficiency of rapid prototyping technics software through enhancing the support generation efficiency. Based on this, this paper proposes a discrete-marking support algorithm for treatment of processing on manufactured part model of all Triangle-based discrete-marking on the support plane. The new mesh discrete-marking and automatic support generation algorithm has been successfully applied to the Sterolithography apparatus (SLA). Practical application indicates that the new support generation algorithm improve considerably the support technics efficiency.

Semantically Enhanced Software Documentation Processes

High-quality software documentation is a substantial issue for understanding software systems. Shorter time-to-market software cycles increase the importance of automatism for keeping the documentation up to date. In this paper, we describe the automatic support of the software documentation process using semantic technologies. We introduce a software documentation ontology as an underlying knowledge base. The defined ontology is populated automatically by analysing source code, software documentation and code execution. Through selected results we demonstrate that the use of such semantic systems can support software documentation processes efficiently.

Automatic Support Driver for Growing in Vinyl Tunnel

Automatic Support Driver for Growing in Vinyl Tunnel

A Tool Support for Secure Software Integration

This paper presents a tool for the integration of security-aware services based applications that is constructed on the principles of security characterization of individual software services. The tool uses the technique of reasoning between the ensured security properties of the services and the security requirements of the user’s system. Rather than reporting the research outcomes, in this paper the authors describe the architecture and capabilities of the tool for secure software integration. The main objective of this paper is to show that an automatic tool support could assist the process of security-aware service based software integration.

407 複合加工機における自動工程設計支援システムの研究(OS-4 開発・設計と教育)

407 複合加工機における自動工程設計支援システムの研究(OS-4 開発・設計と教育)

Multilateral Safety Nets for Financial Crises

There is an increasing need for a system of international lending of last resort (ILLR) to provide a safety net in the event of financial crises in vulnerable countries as financial globalization deepens and spreads. Multilateral progress to address liquidity and solvency crises has been patchy and inconsistent, with no clear distinction between the two; in particular, there is still no framework to address sovereign debt restructuring. This paper proposes an integrated system of specialized ILLR facilities to address problems of liquidity, adjustment, and debt restructuring in a focused but robust way as crises evolve and morph, structured in tiers to cater to countries’ capacity to prequalify for automatic support. It further proposes feasible legal reform to subject creditors to standstills and seniority dilution as in domestic bankruptcy in order to empower ILLR to facilitate orderly workouts in debt restructuring. Multilateral development banks would play important supporting roles.

Region of Attraction for Safe Manual Control of Pendulum System

The purpose of this study is to develop a skill acquisition support system for stabilizing operation of a pendulum system by EMG signals. Recently, many mechatronics using EMG signals as inputs are developed. However, it is difficult for beginner operators to control such mechatronics, and long time training is required to acquire the control skills. Therefore, this paper considers about development of a skill acquisition support system utilizing Safe Manual Control (SMC) to help beginners' training. We moreover introduce an impact factor to tune how actively an automatic support in SMC works because the support level should be adjusted according to the acquired skill level of trainees. In those case, stability of SMC may not be guaranteed generally. Hence, the region of attraction of SMC with the impact factor is analyzed for a pendulum on a cart system.

THE PROGRESSIVE QUANDARY ABOUT SEIU: A TALE OF TWO LETTERS TO ANDY STERN

The terrain of “progressive labor” in the U.S. has shifted dramatically in recent years. The two million‐member Service Employees International Union—long associated with the remaking of labor as a force for social justice—has become embroiled in a series of controversies that have alienated past campus, community, and political allies. A union that once commanded almost automatic support in left‐liberal academic circles now finds many “friends of labor” arrayed against it, rhetorically at least, and in some cases, actively assisting organizational rivals such as UNITE HERE and the new National Union of Healthcare Workers. The following article examines the recent history of the labor‐intellectual alliance that emerged in the mid‐1990s, in response to changes in the national American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL‐CIO) leadership. It assesses the current state of relations between labor‐oriented academics and key unions associated with the Change To Win coalition that split from the AFL‐CIO in 2005.

Automatic translation in multilingual business meetings

PurposeMultilingual meetings continue to be a problem in business communication due to the necessity to translate between different natural language pairs. The paper has developed a new electronic meeting technology that automatically translates comments written in any of 41 languages (e.g. French, Chinese, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to quickly and accurately show on each user's terminal in his or her own native language all comments contributed by the group written in several different tongues.Design/methodology/approachA prototype system, Polyglot II, utilizes instant messaging on Microsoft Windows PCs to exchange comments between client personal computers and a server which in turn, calls the Google Translate API for each translation. In an attempt to measure the accuracy, reverse translations are conducted, e.g. English to French to English, because of the lack of human experts fluent in all of the languages. The final English translations are analyzed for comprehension by 240 college business students.FindingsThis paper uses reverse translations on 32 of the languages (all that are available at the time of the analysis) with historical transcripts of English text, including grammatical errors. Results show an overall comprehension accuracy of 86 percent for all languages. Italian is the most accurate, and Hindi is the least.Originality/valueWhile other multilingual meeting technologies have been developed, this system provides automatic support for the most languages and is perhaps the most accurate.

Visual extraction of information from web pages

In this paper we present a graphical software system that provides an automatic support to the extraction of information from web pages. The underlying extraction technique exploits the visual appearance of the information in the document, and is driven by the spatial relations occurring among the elements in the page. However, the usual information extraction modalities based on the web page structure can be used in our framework, too. The technique has been integrated within the Spatial Relation Query (SRQ) tool. The tool is provided with a graphical front-end which allows one to define and manage a library of spatial relations, and to use a SQL-like language for composing queries driven by these relations and by further semantic and graphical attributes.

Integrating usability requirements that can be evaluated in design time into Model Driven Engineering of Web Information Systems

In recent years, Web Engineering development projects have grown increasingly complex for and critical to the smooth running of organizations. However, recent studies reveal that a high percentage of these projects fail to attain the quality parameters required by stakeholders. The inadequate consideration of requirements management activities together with the absence of attention to the elicitation and evaluation of requirements and metrics related to certain quality attributes which are of special importance in this kind of systems, such as usability, have proved to be some of the main causes of this failure. This paper attempts to reduce some of the quality failures detected in Web Engineering development projects by proposing the consideration and evaluation of quality attributes from early stages of the development process. The presented approach therefore commences with a reinforcement of the requirements related activities in this discipline, which is carried out by using a requirements metamodel. Once these requirements have been identified, the approach focuses on the extension of the conceptual models used by Web Engineering methodologies with the aim of allowing the explicit consideration of usability requirements along with the evaluation of quality metrics during the design of the system. An example of an application illustrating how the approach can be used, along with the automatic support which was developed for it, are also shown.

Implementing Effective Hypertension Quality Improvement Strategies: Barriers and Potential Solutions

Many quality improvement strategies have focused on improving blood pressure control, and these strategies can target the patient, the provider, and/or the system. Strategies that seem to have the biggest effect on blood pressure outcomes are team change, patient education, facilitated relay of clinical information, and promotion of self-management. Barriers to effective blood pressure control can affect the patient, the physician, the system, and/or "cues to action."We review the barriers to achieving blood pressure control and describe current and potential creative strategies for optimizing blood pressure control. These include home-based disease management, combined patient and provider education, and automatic decision support systems. Future research must address which components of quality improvement interventions are most successful in achieving blood pressure control.

Integrating Refinement into Software Development Tools

It is a challenge for automatic tool support to formal design by refinement transformations. In this paper, we bring this matter to the attention of the research community and discuss a component-based model transformational approach for integrating refinement into software development tools. Models, their consistency and correctness, in an object-oriented and component-based development process are defined in rCOS, that is a refinement calculus recently developed at UNU-IIST. Correctness preserving transformations between models are formalized and proved as refinement rules in rCOS. In this paper, we will discuss on how these transformations can be implemented in the relations language of Query/View/Transformation (QVT) standardized by OMG.

A General Framework for Overlay Visualization

If visualization is more effective when accompanied by narration, why not superimpose visualization on narration? This might result in better transfer of learning. We will present a general framework for such superimposed visualization, called overlay visualization. The objectives for the design of our framework are 1) to separate the application from the visualization; and 2) to separate the specification from the rendering. We will describe a few applications of overlay visualization for programming and provide examples from our implementation of overlay visualization for software tutors called problets. The advantages of overlay visualization include: less cognitive load on the learner, and automatic support for both path and state visualization.

Proving that programs eventually do something good

In recent years we have seen great progress made in the area of automatic source-level static analysis tools. However, most of today's program verification tools are limited to properties that guarantee the absence of bad events ( safety properties ). Until now no formal software analysis tool has provided fully automatic support for proving properties that ensure that good events eventually happen ( liveness properties ). In this paper we present such a tool, which handles liveness properties of large systems written in C. Liveness properties are described in an extension of the specification language used in the SDV system. We have used the tool to automatically prove critical liveness properties of Windows device drivers and found several previously unknown liveness bugs.

Automation for interactive proof: First prototype

Interactive theorem provers require too much effort from their users. We have been developing a system in which Isabelle users obtain automatic support from automatic theorem provers (ATPs) such as Vampire and SPASS. An ATP is invoked at suitable points in the interactive session, and any proof found is given to the user in a window displaying an Isar proof script. There are numerous differences between Isabelle (polymorphic higher-order logic with type classes, natural deduction rule format) and classical ATPs (first-order, untyped, and clause form). Many of these differences have been bridged, and a working prototype that uses background processes already provides much of the desired functionality.

Automated support specification for efficient mining of interesting association rules

In recent years, the weakness of the canonical support-confidence framework for associations mining has been widely studied. One of the difficulties in applying association rules mining is the setting of support constraints. A high-support constraint avoids the combinatorial explosion in discovering frequent itemsets, but at the expense of missing interesting patterns of low support. Instead of seeking a way to set the appropriate support constraints, all current approaches leave the users in charge of the support setting, which, however, puts the users in a dilemma. This paper is an effort to answer this long-standing open question. According to the notion of confidence and lift measures, we propose an automatic support specification for efficiently mining high-confidence and positive-lift associations without consulting the users. Experimental results show that the proposed method is not only good at discovering high-confidence and positive-lift associations, but also effective in reducing spurious frequent itemsets.

Automatic support for the alignment of multilingual Web sites

Multilingual Web sites are expected to provide the same content expressed in various languages, presented according to a common style, with the same interaction facilities. To this extent, most Web developers start from a source language version of the site and produce the multilingual versions by providing translations in all supported languages. Translation pages are usually generated by replicating the HTML structure and the scripting language sections of the original pages and by translating the textual sections into the target languages. This practice exposes the site to several problems during its evolution. Updates may be not properly propagated to all translations, and unwanted divergences can be introduced over time in content, presentation and interaction. In this paper, we propose a prototype toolkit, limited to Western languages, that can help restructuring an existing static Web site, and migrating its multilingual content to a unified and consistent representation. First of all, pages are classified according to the language of their content. Then, correspondences among pages in the original language and their translations are determined. Based on the computation of the edit operations necessary to make each page consistent with its translations, the site is updated to a new version where all pages are aligned. In the last phase, a unified representation of the structure and of the multilingual content of each page is inserted into a Content Management System. This ensures a consistent future evolution of the site. The prototype toolkit has been tested on 10 existing static Web sites, with texts in Italian, English, German and Spanish. For some of the above-mentioned phases, alternative solutions have been considered and their relative advantages have been evaluated against a manually constructed gold standard. We are quite confident that with some adaptation, most of the results we obtained can be extended to any pair of Western languages. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.