Automation Of Production Processes Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF BLOCKCHAIN AND SMART CONTRACT TECHNOLOGIES FOR MANAGEMENT AUTOMATION AND ENSURING BUSINESS RESILIENCE

Increasing competition, the need to enhance efficiency and transparency of business processes, as well as the requirements to ensure the security and reliability of operations, demand new tools and approaches for automating management and ensuring the sustainability of the enterprise. Currently, it is blockchain and smart contract technologies that are opening up vast opportunities for this. Therefore, the research is aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the features and directions of using blockchain and smart contract technologies for automating management and ensuring the sustainability of the enterprise. Within the research, it has been proven that the use of blockchain and smart contract technologies creates a flexible and secure process for developing conditions and strategies that allow an enterprise to function effectively and remain capable of ensuring its own progressive development even in conditions of high stochasticity, economic turbulence, or crises. It is concluded that among the main directions where the use of blockchain technologies for ensuring enterprise resilience is worthwhile, the following should be highlighted: supply chain management, balanced management, security management, and basic risk management, as well as managing relationships with customers and partners. In unity, these outlined directions establish the principles of automating enterprise management, enhance its ability to function effectively, and direct its progressive development. It is concluded that among the main directions where the use of smart contracts for ensuring enterprise resilience is beneficial, the following should be highlighted: access and security management, remote tracking of resource utilization, automation of production and commercial processes, improvement of customer service, and management of data processing workflows. In unity, these outlined directions establish the principles of enterprise management automation, guiding and expanding the enterprise's capabilities for progressive development. In the context of ensuring enterprise resilience, the goal of applying smart contracts and blockchain technologies can vary. However, the use of these outlined technological solutions should guarantee the enterprise's ability to withstand external and internal influences.

Innovation management in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: challenges and opportunities for management

This scientific article examines the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) on innovation management. The potential challenges and opportunities faced by managers in modern business are considered. In the context of technological changes affecting the business environment and the economy, it is possible to track how the development of innovative technologies affects business processes. Based on this analysis, conclusions can be drawn about the need for adaptation and response in the principles of the organization. The article analyzes the concepts of Industry 4.0 (digitalization and automation of production processes, the introduction of artificial intelligence) as significant factors affecting management activities, corporate culture and the introduction of innovative technologies.The concept of the fourth industrial Revolution is becoming the basis for structural challenges and technological risks for enterprises in various industries. This paper discusses the issue of rethinking the corporate structure, the nuances of introducing innovative technologies into production and management, as well as changes in product requirements on the part of a potential consumer. Based on this analysis, conclusions and recommendations have been formed for managers on the implementation of Industry 4.0 tools, their adaptation and integration into current business processes.

Analysis of the Teslas Sustainable Supply Chain Management

Tesla, a prominent company in electric vehicles and renewable energy technology, prioritizes environmental sustainability, social responsibility, and economic rewards in its supply chain management alongside cost and efficiency. The paper uncovers Tesla's methods in resource usage and conservation, environmental impact assessment, social responsibility management, and economic benefit management through literature analysis and case analysis. The study determined that Tesla has made notable advancements in environmental performance throughout its supply chain by implementing innovative technologies and management strategies, including battery technology improvements, automated production processes, supplier responsibility evaluations, and life cycle assessments (LCA). Tesla encounters obstacles including worldwide chip shortages and variations in raw material costs, affecting the stability and efficiency of its supply chain. The paper suggests that governments, enterprises, and industries collaborate to enhance supply chain sustainability. This can be achieved by implementing policies, fostering technological innovation, and utilizing sharing platforms to support the global sustainable development goals.

A Method for Evaluating the Maturity Level of Production Process Automation in the Context of Digital Transformation—Polish Case Study

This paper puts forth a systematic approach for evaluating the maturity level of production process automation in the context of digital transformation for manufacturing companies. The method was developed to address the absence of a sector-specific framework for assessing automation maturity growth, in line with the Industry 5.0 guidelines (incorporating sustainability, the circular economy, and human-centeredness). The survey covers six core areas for manufacturing companies: automation, robotization of production processes, digitalization of warehouse processes, flexibility, intralogistics, and end-to-end integration of key data management processes. The study aimed to advance digitalization through improved process automation maturity. The study surveyed 200 small- and medium-sized businesses operating in Poland from 2022 to 2024. The study presents a method for assessing enterprise operational maturity, covering the current and planned levels and the development plans for the next three years.

Digital Twin Modeling for Smart Injection Molding

In traditional injection molding, each level of the process has its own monitoring and improvement initiatives. But in the upcoming industrial revolution, it is important to establish connections and communication among all stages, as changes in one stage might have an impact on others. To address this issue, digital twins (DTs) are introduced as virtual models that replicate the entire injection molding process. This paper focuses on the data and technology needed to build a DT model for injection molding. Each stage can have its own DT, which are integrated into a comprehensive model of the process. DTs enable the smart automation of production processes and data collection, reducing manual efforts in supervising and controlling production systems. However, implementing DTs is challenging and requires effort for conception and integration with the represented systems. To mitigate this, the current work presents a model for systematic knowledge-based engineering for the DTs of injection molding. This model includes fault detection systems, 3D printing, and system integration to automate development activities. Based on knowledge engineering, data analysis, and data mapping, the proposed DT model allows fault detection, prognostic maintenance, and predictive manufacturing.

РОЗРОБКА СИСТЕМИ КЕРУВАННЯ КРОКОВИМ ДВИГУНОМ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ ЛІНІЇ

Stepper motors have long been successfully used in a variety of industrial and special equipment. The advantage of stepper motors is that a high degree of motion control can be achieved. Stepper motors are controlled using microprocessor systems. However, in this case, the stepper motor is controlled by the program loaded into the microcontroller. There is often a need to dynamically change the operation parameters of the stepper motor - speed of rotation, direction and magnitude of the angle of rotation, etc. The work is devoted to the development of the stepper motor control system of the educational transport line, implemented at the Department of Automation of Production Processes of the Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology. The system allows you to dynamically change system parameters using either a personal computer (PC) by sending the appropriate commands to the system via the COM port, or by using a tablet by sending the appropriate commands to the system via Bluetooth. Such a system can be used both in the educational process to practice standard stepper motor control techniques and microcontroller programming skills, and in industrial systems that require high-precision mechanism position control.

An Improved HPLC Separation Method for TSPO Radioligand [11C]ER176 Clinical Production.

Mitochondrial membrane translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) expression is increased in activated microglia, established as a plausible target of neuroinflammation imaging. [11C]ER176, specifically binding to TSPO, has been developed as the third generation of radioligand for PET imaging of TSPO, which showed the potential in better quantifying neuroinflammation than its predecessors. In the current study, we developed an automated radiosynthesis with an improved HPLC purification method for [11C]ER176 clinical production. The improved HPLC separation was integrated into the automated production of [11C]ER176 using a reverse phase semi-preparative HPLC column with an isocratic pump and the mixture of methanol and 50 mM ammonium acetate as the mobile phase. The fraction corresponding to [11C]ER176 was collected around 8.5-9.0 min without the risk of getting contaminations from nearby impurities. The automated production process took about 30 min after end of bombardment (EOB) and the quality of the final product [11C]ER176 met all specifications for clinical use based on current US Pharmacopeia and FDA CGMP requirements.

Virtual Excursions in Vocational Education and Training

In connection with the rapid development of modern means of communication, there is also a very rapid development of technologies using virtual reality as either a means of entertainment or modern education. The article discusses the possibilities of using virtual education or education based on the use of virtual reality in general. However, the primary attention is paid to analysing the use of virtual reality in the secondary vocational school environment. Additionally, it presents a concept of a virtual excursion aimed at the automated production process of processing aluminium profiles for the automotive industry.

All-Automated Fabrication of Freestanding and Scalable Photo-Thermoelectric Devices with High Performance.

Flexible photo-thermoelectric (PTE) devices have great application prospects in the fields of solar energy conversion, ultrabroadband light detection, etc. A suitable manufacturing process to avoid the substrate effects as well as to create a narrow transition area between p-n modules for high-performance freestanding flexible PTE devices is highly desired. Herein, an automated laser fabrication (ALF) method is reported to construct the PTE devices with rylene-diimide-doped n-type single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films. Thewet-compressing approach is developed to improve the thermoelectric power factors and figure of merit (ZT) of the SWCNT hybrid films. Then, the films are cut and patterned automatically to make PTE devices with various structures by the proposed ALF method. The freestanding PTE device with a narrow transition area of ≈2-3 µm between the p and n modules exhibits a high-power density of 0.32 µW cm-2 under the light of 200 mW cm-2, which is among the highest level for freestanding-film-based PTE devices. The results pave the way for the automatic production process of PTE devices for green power generation and ultrabroadband light detection.

Optimization and automation of the radiosynthesis of [18F]Lu-LuFL as a clinically useful PET ligand targeting FAP for tumor imaging

Recently, a novel radiohybrid tracer [18F]Lu-LuFL targeting the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has been developed for PET imaging of solid tumors. This tracer has shown promising results, prompting us to conduct a first-in-human study to evaluate its efficacy for PET imaging of FAP in human body. In order to facilitate the routine production and clinical application of [18F]Lu-LuFL, a straightforward and efficient automated synthesis is described. The optimum labeling parameters were determined at laboratory scale, and subsequently incorporated into an automated production process. Further studies have demonstrated that clinical doses of [18F]Lu-LuFL can be prepared within 19 min, with excellent radio chemical purity (>99%) and activity yield (23.58% ± 2.20%, non-decay corrected), coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE) purification method. All the quality control results satisfy the required criteria for release. In conclusion, we have successfully synthesized [18F]Lu-LuFL with sufficient radioactivity and superior quality, thereby establishing its potential for further clinical application.

Analysis of experience in optimizing the operation of an automated production line for folding cardboard boxes

The object of research is an automated system for controlling the bending mechanisms of the folding-gluing line for cardboard packaging products. In the work, the ways of optimization and the development of an automated control system for the bending mechanisms of the folding and gluing line, which makes it possible to fold various structures and standard sizes of cardboard boxes using modern automation tools based on programmable logic controllers, were carried out in the work. A mathematical model has been proposed to describe operations on the folding-gluing line. Based on the model, a methodology has been developed for calculating the parameters of the automated control system for the box folding production line, depending on the technical parameters of the line and the parameters of the boxes to be bent. This will make it possible to choose optimal technological modes of the production process and obtain high quality parameters of cardboard packaging products. To verify the mathematical model of the production line, software has been developed in the Delphi development environment, which was applied with the developed automated production process control system based on a programmable logic controller (PLC) and an operator panel. This produced a number of results, in particular, controlling the speed of the hook bend in proportion to the speed of the line. And also provided an opportunity to increase line speed and, accordingly, production productivity. It has been possible to change the mutual location of system elements, which made it possible to reduce the distance between workpieces and increase the capacity of the line tape by 30 %. The obtained research results were implemented at the production enterprise of typographic products «Dinas» (Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine), which contributed to the improvement and optimization of production processes. Conducting further research will provide an opportunity to expand the proposed methodology for use on all types of folding and gluing lines.

Reducing processing time, sorting and packaging of agricultural products

This article examines the reduction in production time for agricultural products by automating production processes. A comparison was made of the amount of time spent at various stages of agricultural production. For comparison, the stages of processing, sorting and packaging were selected. The comparison was carried out using data from five different agricultural producers working with a certain type of agricultural product. The results obtained allow us to assess the level of reduction in production time for agricultural products when automating production processes. The results of the study can be used in developing programs for the development of agricultural enterprises and conducting research in this area of agriculture.

Automation of production processes in fuel and energy complexes

Modeling of processes using software is usually carried out in the programming languages C++, Java, JavaScript, Python, Ruby, NET (VisualC#, VisualBasic), etc. Often such applications have a two-tier or three-tier client-server architecture. With a two-tier architecture, the enterprise database management system (DBMS) acts as a server, storing primary technological information in a database (DB).

CONCEPTS OF ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT IN ECONOMY 5.0

The research's relevance stems from the growing market dynamism, the shift from Economy 4.0 to Economy 5.0, and the interpretation of this transition as a pivotal stage in enterprise production processes and their socio-economic role. It is worth noting that in Economy 5.0, the focus of enterprises is increasingly shifting from simple automation and optimization of production processes to creating a shared space for collaboration between robots and humans (facilitated by a range of specific concepts). The purpose of the article is to identify and systematically characterize the concepts of enterprise development in Economy 5.0. Within the research, the identification of the distinctive features of key aspects of change accompanying the transition of enterprises from Economy 4.0 to 5.0 has been carried out. The study realizes the definition of the characteristics of transforming enterprises into active participants in socio-economic relations in Economy 5.0. The research identifies and describes fundamental characteristics of components as concepts of enterprise development in Economy 5.0.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕРАТИВНОГО ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА НА РЫНКЕ ТРУДА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН

The purpose and objectives of the study are to identify and evaluate the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI) on the labor market of Kazakhstan. To optimize approaches related to determining the possibilities of automating production processes, the authors developed and applied a methodology that allows assessing the possibility of automation not of the profession as a whole, but only of the basic functions performed, characteristic of a particular profession. As a result of the analysis of the professional structure of employment in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the potential for replacing workers with mechanisms, automatic machines, robots, and Generative AI in the context of industries and regions was determined and assessed, and the most and least vulnerable categories of personnel were identified. The authors conclude that the potential for using Generative AI turned out to be significantly wider than could have been previously assumed. Automation of jobs and replacement of workers with mechanisms Generative AI (according to forecasts - from 33% to 36%) will begin primarily in organizations and enterprises of large cities, as well as industrialized regions. However, for several objective reasons, one should not expect rapid changes. According to forecasts based on the results of the study, this process will take over smoothly, as companies see this as a way to increase profits.

Improvement of the mathematical model for obtaining finely dispersed material to create an automated production process control system

Improvement of the mathematical model for obtaining finely dispersed material to create an automated production process control system

Chemical Automation Control Based on Intelligent Optimization Algorithm in the Background of “Internet+”

Abstract Driven by artificial intelligence technology and the popularization of the “Internet +” concept, many chemical enterprises have gradually transformed to production automation. However, regarding automation control, these enterprises often still have certain deficiencies. Because of this, this paper proposes an ant colony optimization algorithm to find the best path for the automation control of chemical enterprises. It builds a chemical automation control system based on it. This system mainly focuses on monitoring and managing various aspects of chemical enterprises. After introducing this control system, it conducts in-depth research and Analysis on the production capacity and equipment safety of enterprises. Test results show that the chemical control system constructed in this paper can effectively maintain the standard output of the production equipment in the interval of [16,25] per second, and the maximum output per hour is up to 1017. At the same time, the quality of the production products of the PPM index value continues to be at a high level. In addition, the automated control system can provide early warning of potential equipment hazards by monitoring different levels of current fluctuations. The chemical automation control system proposed in this paper shows excellent performance in detecting and controlling the automated production process in chemical companies.

Research of relationships between the technical parameters of industrial manipulators

Industrial manipulators have to become an integral part of modern construction production, playing a key role in the automation and optimization of production processes. When designing and using industrial manipulators, it is important to know the various parameters that interact with each other and affect the overall productivity and efficiency of the production line in which industrial manipulators operate. In the design of the robot process and construction production, it is necessary to know the technical requirements that need to be met by the robot system. Therefore, when designing industrial robots and manipulators, it is necessary to take into account the shape, dimensions, and weight of the building structures with which the industrial robot will work, as well as their physical and mechanical properties. These parameters will determine the general scheme and layout of the robot's components, the design of the clamping device and clamping force, the type of drive and its control principle. This paper is devoted to the identification of regularities between the main technical parameters of reach and lifting capacity of general-purpose industrial manipulators. Regression analysis with the use of hyperbolic and cubic splines is applied. The regression equations were solve based on the minimization of the total squared deviation of the correlation function.
 The results of the work will be useful for developers of industrial robots and researchers who are engaged in the development of robotic technological lines and productions.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ И ТРЕНАЖЕРНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ В ОБУЧЕНИИ ПЕРСОНАЛА НЕФТЕПЕРЕРАБАТЫВАЮЩИХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ

The article discusses the automation of production processes with the use of training complexes

Legal regulation of economic security of Ukraine under the establishment of Industry 4.0

Problem setting. The conditions of the modern digital era impose new requirements on the efficiency of national enterprises. Industry 4.0 involves digitization and automation of production processes and management at enterprises of the real sector of the economy to increase labor productivity, reduce costs, flexibility and adaptability of production systems, and the effectiveness of cooperation in the value creation chain. At the same time, with the possibilities of Industry 4.0 technologies, there are threats to economic security, which requires the development of a strategic vision and legal regulation of security in the digital economy. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The analysis of scientific publications of domestic scientists on the topic of the study showed that there are two opposite groups of works. The first group of researchers analyzes the risks and threats of Industry 4.0 for the economy; however, the authors do not provide recommendations for ensuring economic security in the digital economy. The second group of scientific publications is devoted to general issues of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine, in particular in the legal sphere. However, they hardly pay attention to threats from digitalization. Purpose of research is the development of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations regarding the improvement of regulatory and legal regulation of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine in the conditions of the formation of Industry 4.0. Article’s main body. The work examines the essence of Industry 4.0, the possibilities and advantages of introducing digital technologies into management and production processes, the risks of digitalization and threats to the economic security of Ukraine, the feasibility of improving the legal regulation of economic security in the conditions of the introduction of digital technologies is substantiated. During the analysis of legal acts, the lack of a strategic vision of ensuring economic security against the threats of digitalization, an insufficient list of security indicators for assessing the consequences of digital transformations, and the threat of Ukraine’s financial and technological dependence on developed countries were revealed. The basic principles of the formation of state policy in the field of economic security are substantiated: the rule of law, the priority of protecting economic sovereignty, the correlation and comparability of national and international legislation, adequacy, expediency, meaningfulness, rationality, timeliness and effectiveness of regulatory measures, mutually beneficial conditions of international cooperation, equality of opportunities for residents and nonresidents, stimulation of the domestic economy, sequence of opening of the national economic system for the EU economic system, priority of protection of strategic sectors of the economy, recognition of the jurisdiction of international judicial and arbitration bodies. It is proposed to improve legal regulation in terms of expanding the principles of state policy formation in the field of economic security, revising the methodology for calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine, regulating the provisions on the development and implementation of the Strategy of Economic Security of Ukraine, establishing threats from digitalization and determining the corresponding tasks to overcome them in each sphere of economic security. Conclusions and prospects for development. The implementation of Industry 4.0 is associated with significant threats to national economic security, which requires the development and implementation of a state policy to ensure security in the field of the digital economy. The developed recommendations for improving legal regulation will allow to more effectively ensure economic security in Ukraine. Further directions of research consist in the development and scientific substantiation of measures to ensure economic security in conditions of digitalization, improvement of legal support for their effective implementation.