Automation Of Production Processes Research Articles

Gas Flow Measurement Method with Temperature Compensation for a Quasi-Isothermal Cavity

Pneumatic transmission is a technology that uses compressed air as a power source to drive and control various mechanical equipment to realize the mechanization and automation of production processes. With the development of industrial mechanization and automation, pneumatic technology, represented by pneumatic muscle, is increasingly becoming more widely used in various fields. The current standards for research are more complex for the measurement of flow without a flowmeter, some of them do not consider the influence of temperature change on flow measurement, and some of them are simplified as adiabatic or isothermal models, which are inaccurate measurement methods in actual practical application. This paper describes a method to determine flow rate by measuring the pressure change in the process of gas tank inflation. This study used the method of temperature compensation to eliminate the influence of temperature in the isothermal formula. The measurement structure was simple and the calculation was accurate, which has a certain practical significance. Based on this method, charging experiments were carried out with a gas tank that had a volume of 3 L or 5 L with or without copper wire filling, and the experimental results were used in the processed research. The temperature compensation parameters were identified with or without an isothermal environment and in different sizes of tanks. This method identified the different parameters of the 5 L tank and 3 L tank. Finally, the flow compensation was completed for the gas tank filled with copper wire. After verification, the results of the quasi-isothermal calculation formula and temperature compensation formula were close to those measured by a high-precision flow sensor in the experiment. The method introduced in this study is a novel flow calculation method that is simple in structure and accurate in calculation compared with the conventional isothermal calculation method; furthermore, it can be used in real world situations without the need for a high-precision flow sensor.

3D Printing of Abdominal Immobilization Masks for Therapeutics: Dosimetric, Mechanical and Financial Analysis.

Molding immobilization masks is a time-consuming process, strongly dependent on the healthcare professional, and potentially uncomfortable for the patient. Thus, an alternative sustainable automated production process is proposed for abdominal masks, using fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing with polylactic acid (PLA). Radiological properties of PLA were evaluated by submitting a set of PLA plates to photon beam radiation, while estimations of their mechanical characteristics were assessed through numerical simulation. Based on the obtained results, the abdominal mask was 3D printed and process costs and times were analyzed. The plates revealed dose transmissions similar to the conventional mask at all energies, and mechanical deformation guarantees the required immobilization, with a 66% final cost reduction. PLA proved to be an excellent material for this purpose. Despite the increase in labour costs, a significant reduction in material costs is observed with the proposed process. However, the time results are not favorable, mainly due to the printing technique used in this study.

Industrial object and defect recognition utilizing multilevel feature extraction from industrial scenes with Deep Learning approach

Modern industry requires modern solutions for monitoring the automatic production of goods. Smart monitoring of the functionality of the mechanical parts of technology systems or machines is mandatory for a fully automatic production process. Although Deep Learning has been advancing, allowing for real-time object detection and other tasks, little has been investigated about the effectiveness of specially designed Convolutional Neural Networks for defect detection and industrial object recognition. In the particular study, we employed six publically available industrial-related datasets containing defect materials and industrial tools or engine parts, aiming to develop a specialized model for pattern recognition. Motivated by the recent success of the Virtual Geometry Group (VGG) network, we propose a modified version of it, called Multipath VGG19, which allows for more local and global feature extraction, while the extra features are fused via concatenation. The experiments verified the effectiveness of MVGG19 over the traditional VGG19. Specifically, top classification performance was achieved in five of the six image datasets, while the average classification improvement was 6.95%.

Направления и эффективность использования производственного потенциала агрохолдингов

Constant monitoring of the sustainability of the functioning of agricultural holdings is particularly relevant in modern conditions of institutional transformation. It is important to assess the efficiency of using the production potential of agricultural holdings. The article proposes to carry out such an assessment based on the analysis of the dynamics of achievement (non-achievement) of the threshold values of self-sufficiency of the country with the main types of food established by the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation. The practical task of researching the functioning of agricultural holding structures is to determine the directions of their use of their production potential. In the article, based on the methodology of expert assessment and a comprehensive analysis of socio-economic objects, processes using interdisciplinary approaches, the following is assessed: the potential of agricultural holdings in the production of certain types of agricultural raw materials and food; human resources of agricultural holdings in 2022; potential directions for using the production potential of agricultural holdings; the potential of export destinations to use the production potential of agricultural holdings. The article proposes, as the results of the study, promising directions for the development of agricultural holdings in the system of food subcomplexes of the agro-industrial complex of Russia. These include robotization and automation of production processes; development and application of own scientific and technological solutions in product areas of specialization; activation of participation in the implementation of national projects for training personnel for the digital economy.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ВИРОБНИЧИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У БУДІВНИЦТВІ, ЯК ЧИННИК ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЙОГО ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ

The purpose of this study is to substantiate the effectiveness of automation of production processes in construction based on the implementation of 3D technologies. In the course of the study, measures to increase the efficiency of production processes in construction were considered, which can be conditionally divided into two groups: the first group - an increase in extensive loading; the second group - increasing the intensive load. Among the mentioned measures to increase the intensive load, the most promising is the automation of production processes. The effectiveness of automating the placement of concrete mixture in foundations using a construction 3D printer is considered. It is shown that the automation of the construction process for placing the concrete mixture in the foundations is one of the important factors of its efficiency, namely, the reduction of the duration of the construction process, the efficiency of the use of materials, and the reduction of costs. Therefore, one of the essential characteristics of modern construction production is the increase in the level of its automation, which will significantly increase its efficiency and solve many problems related to organization and maintenance. The advantages and disadvantages of automation of production processes in construction are given. The obtained research results can be applied in construction to improve the efficiency of production processes.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА НА ОСНОВЕ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

The relevance of the presented research is due to the transition of the market economy to a digital format, which determined the innovative modernization of industrial enterprises in the oil and gas complex, led to a change in the set of requirements for the professional qualifications of specialists. The purpose of the article is to determine and consider the effectiveness of the use of interactive technologies in the process of training students in advanced training programs for a technical profile. The authors have analyzed the domestic and foreign experience of colleagues in the application of innovative teaching methods; based on their own practical experience, the conditions for optimizing the educational process through the use of training complexes have been established; the obtained results are studied. The following are identified as priority areas in the development of digital industrial security technologies at oil and gas facilities: employee training (interactive training through VR), automation of production processes, video surveillance and video analytics, biometrics, recognition, movement monitoring and positioning, artificial intelligence, integrated solutions, computer simulators, information modeling, peripheral computing, etc. On the basis of the work done, the undoubted advantages of using training complexes in the process of training employees of oil and gas facilities have been established: a high degree of student involvement; «presence effect» in an identical problem situation; interactive nature; maximum immersion in a problem situation; isolation of the user from external stimuli; the ability of the teacher-trainer to control and coordinate the actions of the student.

Дослідження процесу сумішоутворення лопатевим змішувачем для ВРХ

Dairy and meat cattle breeding of Ukraine is one of leading and most essential industries of stock-raising, that provides a production of more than 95% of cow milk and 50...60% of beef. In the world market demand is on high-quality milk, beef and products of their processing constantly grows and that is why has an important economic value for development of industry of cattle breeding in agricultural production of our country. In general process of production goods of cattle breeding a decisive role belongs to forage. They have subzero quality, in most cases, insufficient quantities are produced, and their share in cost price of milk and beef is more than half of costs. In connection with transfer of animal husbandry to market farming conditions, a long-term national program has been developed, which provides for increasing the volume of milk and beef production, reducing cost of production, improving its quality, comprehensive intensification of cattle breeding by creating a strong fodder base, increasing its efficiency and productivity of grain and fodder cultures, application of new progressive feeding technologies, preparation of fodder for feeding, preparation of highly nutritious fodder mixtures and implementation of complex mechanization and automation of production processes on farms and complexes. Realization of technical and plant-breeding progress of high-performance production of milk and beef in industry requires near-term providing of animals in a sufficient amount high-quality biologically valuable forage that can be balanced in rations of cattle by organic, mineral and biologically-active nutritives and microelements and microaddings in accordance with pre-arranged productivity with maintenance of necessary for this purpose vital functions and physiology state of animal. Generalized analysis of traditional machines and technical equipments for preparation of forage mixtures for a cattle showed that existent mixers not to a full degree provided quality indexes in relation to preparation of moist forage mixtures and have a certain list of some defects. Namely, the constructions of mobile mixers exceed norms in terms of specific metal density by1,5...2 times, while the energy consumption for the drive of working bodies is 3...4 times. Such significant disadvantages of traditional mixers limit their use on cattle farms. In the article, a systematic approach of systems is considered in relation to technological process of mixing of different components of mixture, that is presented as determined model of functioning of mixer of forage of batch-type at all stages of its operation: from loading components to receiving and unloading the finished feed mixture. On the basis of the conducted research, the technological scheme of the paddle mixer, which consists of a body with a loading neck and an unloading auger, is substantiated. Flat blades with a corresponding step are hardly installed on supports along a mixer, which are equipped by radial fingers for loosening of monolith of mixture in the corps of mixer. Blades are installed with right and angle of inclination their working surface to axis of shaft. Purpose of experimental researches was envisage study of conformities to law of influence of geometrical and kinematics parameters on quality of preparation of forage mixtures. Such important factors were: frequency of rotation of billow of mixer; width of flat blade; an angle of its inclination to axis of the shaft and duration of forage mixing. After realization of experimental researches at processing of received data we applied a mathematical application that allowed to build dependences and get rational values package. They are as follows: the rational width value of blade is 45 mm, angle of its inclination is 500, the frequency of rotation of agitator shaft should not exceed 90 rpm. with duration of process 6...8 min. According to these parameters, proposed design of mixer ensures homogeneity of mixture at level of 92%, while basic homogeneity index for cattle is 86%.

Influence of Management Automation on Managerial Decision-making in the Agro-Industrial Complex

The preservation and rational use of the grown harvest, obtaining the maximum product output from raw materials today is one of the most important state tasks. Automation of production processes is the main area in which production is currently advancing around the world. Everything that was previously performed by the person himself, his functions, not only physical but also intellectual, are gradually transferred to automation systems that perform technological cycles and exercise control over them. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effect of automation on the ability to store grain in elevators. The main research question is what factors should be considered when introducing an automation system into the grain storage process at elevators to improve the efficiency of process control at enterprises. To solve the question posed, a qualitative study was conducted using the method of an expert survey. The article reveals the factors that affect the quality of grain; the tasks implemented in the computerized process control system (CPCS) and management information and control system (MICS); the factors that hinder the grain elevator automation; the tasks solved by the automation of grain elevators in the framework of autonomous subsystems and integrated automatic control systems (ACS). It is concluded that the implementation of automation in the process of grain storage in elevators leads to an increase in grain quality, increased productivity, reduction or elimination of losses caused by theft and the peculiarities of grain storage, saving energy resources, minimizing the impact of the human factor, as well as the risks of accidents. At that, the inclusion of non-standard tools in the MICS and CPCS makes it easier to solve several current automation problems. Creating standard problem-oriented complexes of responsible decision-makers based on an integrated ACS, with the inclusion of certified object-oriented non-standard tools in their composition, is the most rational way to further improve the efficiency of the automated control system of the industry.

Deviation Detection in Production Processes based on Video Data using Unsupervised Machine Learning Approaches

The detection of deviations within production processes is essential to ensure high productivity or avoid potential damage. Various approaches are available for this purpose. In the field of video surveillance, unsupervised machine learning methods have made significant progress in detecting deviations.In this paper, the transferability of these generic approaches to production processes is investigated. At first, an evaluation basis is created. Therefore, the variety of deviations, which can occur in an automated production process, is structured and covered as far as possible in video benchmark data sets. Subsequently, existing unsupervised approaches are selected, adapted and tested on the created data sets. In conclusion, the results show that the two chosen unsupervised autoencoder architectures can be partially used for generic deviation detection in the production domain. The main challenges identified are the large variety of different tasks and deviations in production processes. However, for further investigations, the development of even more detailed benchmark sets is essential.

MATRIX FACTORIZATION OF BIG DATA IN THE INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS

The creation of new technologies and their implementation in various fields necessitated Big Data processing and storage. In industrial systems, modernization means the use of a large number of smart devices that perform specialized functions. Data from such devices are used to control the system and automate production processes. A change in the parameters of individual components of the manufacturing system may indicate the need to adjust the global management strategy. The intelligent industrial systems main characteristics were defined in the paper. The Industrial Internet of Things concept and the relevance of the modernization problem for manufacturing were analyzed. The problems of processing Big Data in Industrial Internet of Things systems were examined in the paper. The use of recommendation systems for quickly finding relationships between users and production services was considered. The advantages of Big Data analysis by recommendation systems, which have a favourable effect on industrial enterprise efficiency were given. The use of SVD and FunkSVD matrix factorization algorithms for processing sparse data matrices was analyzed. The possibility of optimizing arrays of information, choosing the most important, and rejecting redundancy with the help of the above algorithms was determined. The proposed algorithms were simulated. The advantages of FunkSVD for working with sparse data were assigned. It was found that the FunkSVD algorithm processes the data in a shorter time than SVD, but this does not affect the accuracy of the result. The SVD is also more difficult to implement and it requires more computing resources was established. It has been shown that FunkSVD uses a lot of data to determine the relationships between it and make recommendations about the products most likely to be of interest to users. To increase the efficiency of processing large sets of information the FunkSVD algorithm was improved in such a way that it uses fewer data to generate recommendations. Based on the results of the research, the modified method works faster than the non-modified one but retains high calculation accuracy, which is important for work in recommender systems. The possibility of providing recommendations to users of industrial systems in a shorter period, thus improving their relevance, was revealed. It was proposed to continue research for finding the optimal parameters of the FunkSVD algorithm for Big Data processing.

Mechanical properties and self-sensing ability of graphene-mortar compositions with different water content for 3D printing applications

There is an increasing ongoing research on concrete compositions with enhanced properties such as self sensing given by the use of carbon nanomaterials. Carbon nanotubes-cement composites have been studied for over a decade to produce smart materials, with interesting results. However, since first synthetized in 2004, Graphene is rapidly growing in popularity due to similar conductive properties, high stiffness and strength, lower environmental impact and ease of production and lower production prices. More recent studies have tried to incorporate this material into concrete compositions with positive results. On the other hand, the construction industry is moving towards more automated production processes and new technologies such as 3D printing concrete are gaining popularity. However, there is little research on the effects of nanomaterials in 3D printable concrete compositions.In this paper, the effects of Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) on a the mechanical properties and conductivity of a printable mortar are investigated. Five different compositions with different water content and graphene content were prepared to create cast and printed samples with dimensions 40x40x160 mm3 that were tested to evaluate the mechanical strength and the resistivity change between unloaded and loaded to failure conditions. A linear regression model using Matlab was created to have an overview on the strength and resistivity change depending on the water-cement ratio (w/c) and Graphene nanoplatelet content (GnP).The results showed that in cast samples, GnPs improve the compressive strength and the self sensing ability of the material, while in printed samples, GnPs has a detrimental effect on the compressive strength and the self sensing ability depends heavily on the printed layers direction. Future studies should concentrate on the effect of interlayer adhesion on the self sensing and mechanical properties, and on the additives necessary to improve the printability of GnP-mortar compositions.

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DESIGN PARAMETERS OF THE VIBRATION EXCITER IN THE FORM OF AN UNBALANCED BODY WEIGHT

The destruction of the structure of over-compacted soils on the vibrating surfaces of the working bodies of chisel deep-diggers is a technological process that occurs faster and more efficiently than when moving the working bodies of chisels inside the bulk medium of deep-diggers in a calm state. Of great importance are the vibration modes exerted on the technological process, which allow reproducing vibrations of the specified amplitudes and at a high frequency of vibration vibrations of the vibration exciter transmitted to the active parts of the working bodies of chisel deep heaters. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is developing software, hardware and technical means for digital monitoring, automation and robotization of production and technological processes in the technologies of cultivation of grain crops. (Materials and methods) Used methods of analysis and modeling of the process. (Results and discussion) It was determined that the use of vibration vibrations for the destruction of anthropogenic over-compacted soil makes it possible to destroy dense fragments of soil and turn the structure of the destroyed soil into a fertile layer in which a developed root system is formed, suitable for obtaining high yields. It has been established that intensive technologies that transmit vibration vibrations to the active working organ of an agricultural machine by using an unbalanced mass in the vibration mechanism, intensively rotated inside the body of the vibration exciter from the external force of the tractor, excite vibration vibrations transmitted to the active working organs of chisel machines, which excite the vibration treatment of anthropogenically over-compacted soil. (Conclusions) It was revealed that among the intensive technologies that transmit vibration vibrations to the working body of an agricultural machine, it is necessary to include machines with NM that excite vibration vibrations transmitted to the working body that excites the vibration treatment of the processed technological medium. The calculated values of the converted NM average power were presented.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОГО МОНИТОРИНГА ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СОПОЛИМЕРА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ LCA

The article is devoted to the actual problem of organizing industrial environmental monitoring of the life cycle of production using information technology. In order to provide Russian enterprises with methodological recommendations for organizing a system of production control and monitoring in order to comply with legislation on maximum environmental standards and waste turnover, it is necessary to study and develop possible options for accumulating data and converting them automatically. The purpose of the article is to develop solutions for organizing a system for monitoring the impact of the stages of the life cycle of petrochemical production on the external environment using tools for continuous information support. To design information modules for assessing the impact of production processes on the ecosystem, sequential procedures of the LCA method were used. To optimize the parameters of environmental friendliness of the production of styrene-butadiene copolymer, the article solves the problem of linear programming; the database for solving the linear programming problem is based on materials from information and technical reference books on the best available technologies, reference books on standards for maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants. The use of the method of information support of the life cycle of LCA products for the organization of automated industrial environmental control and monitoring is scientifically substantiated. A model of the production chain is formed and a block diagram is presented for assessing the impact of the life cycle of chemical production on the ecosystem using the LCA method in the absence of a standardized technology for the accumulation and exchange of environmental data, various levels of automation and digitalization of production processes in petrochemical industries. The flows at the boundary of the chemical-technological system for the production of styrene-butadiene copolymer are investigated and a possible variant of their mathematical optimization is proposed. By solving the linear programming problem, the optimal values of resource consumption for the production of butadiene-styrene copolymer were obtained, at which the minimum indicators of pollutant emissions into the ecosystem are possible: butadiene - 725 kg/t; styrene – 313 kg/t; electricity – 830 kWh/t; water steam - 9.0 Gcal / t. Examples of chemical-technological systems have been identified, where the use of butadiene and styrene relative to the obtained optimal parameter leads to overexpenditure of resources. The research materials can be used in the development of programs and the choice of tools for automated industrial environmental control and monitoring in chemical-technological systems.

About the Heat Transfer Coefficient

At present, oil production has reached such volumes that it poses ecological risks to the whole mother Earth. Being the backbone of the modern industry and the current economic strength of the mankind, oil production is toxic in terms of the global climate change and the negative effect on the natural habitat. Therefore, the analysis and identification of the ways to reduce the ecological impact of oil production has become a vital task for all nations throughout the world. One of the ways of reducing the adverse influence on the nature and the oil-bearing beds is the automation of oil production processes. The study of thermodynamic processes taking place in centrifugal pumps, lies at the core of automation of oil production and reduction of its ecological impact on the noosphere. The thermodynamics of movement of multi-component mixtures inside the centrifugal pump guide apparatuses is a poorly investigated phenomenon due to the lack of practical tasks. In multi-component mixtures the heat-transfer processes are non-standard, accompanied by phase transitions. In fact, this work is the first attempt to solve the said problem and deals with the deeper study of thermodynamic processes in centrifugal pump apparatuses. Knowing the processes of heat transfer and propagation in centrifugal pump apparatuses, it is possible to automate the whole process of centrifugal pump control without any complications in terms of its operation.

ПОСТРОЕНИЕ И АРХИТЕКТУРА МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ

Information technologies have long spread to all spheres of human life, and even more so to companies. Their use provides greater labor productivity and automation of both production and business processes. The relevance of this article is due to the fact that a large number of pieces of equipment of modern companies need daily maintenance and troubleshooting of technical means is a significant process in any organization, and its optimization will inevitably bring a positive economic effect. The purpose of the article is to model an approach to decisionmaking, which includes predicting breakdowns and assessing the impact of breakdowns on revenue using machine learning methods. Modeling the impact of breakdowns on revenue using machine learning methods can be used to determine the development of a maintenance policy for technical facility breakdowns in order to maximize revenue in conditions of limited resources, which is a significant practical result.

ЦИФРОВА ЕКОНОМІКА: МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ

The article is devoted to the definition of modern characteristics of the labor market of Ukraine, which have become widespread in the conditions of the development of digitalization of the economy. Approaches to defining the content of the “digital economy” category in scientific literature are analyzed. The author's interpretation of the digital economy is offered. It was concluded that transformational changes in the labor market are conditioned by the influence of the digital economy. The main global trends in the labor market, which were caused by the rapid development of the digital economy, are considered. The conditions for the formation of the digital economy in Ukraine have been studied. The main goals of the digital development of the state and the main tasks of the development of digital competences approved in regulatory documents were considered. The existing forecasts regarding the ratio of labor supply and demand in Ukraine have been studied and evaluated. It was concluded that it is impossible to make reliable forecasts regarding the indicators of the development of the Ukrainian labor market in the near future. It is substantiated that it is extremely important for Ukraine to take into account the two-vector impact of digitalization on the labor market (reduction in the need for labor due to the automation of production processes and the probability of creating new jobs as a result of digitalization). Also of great importance are the leading global macro trends in the economy in terms of employee empowerment. The achievements of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine regarding the improvement of digital literacy and the development of digital skills of citizens (in particular, those services related to the regulation of relations on the labor market) are emphasized. It was concluded that Ukraine should already today form a scientifically based plan for the development of the national labor market, taking into account the introduction of information and communication technologies. This plan will be of great importance during the recovery of the state's economy in the future. Keywords: digital economy, digitalization, digital technologies, modernization, labor market, employment.

БІЗНЕС-АНАЛІТИКА ЯК ОСНОВА ПРИЙНЯТТЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ В УМОВАХ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ

The article explores and systematizes different approaches to defining the concept of business intelligence as a generalized term that characterizes the technology of preparation, storage and accumulation of data, data management, and their visualization. The use of management analytics provides users with the necessary information, thus ensuring optimal management decisions. The main trends in the development of business intelligence are reflected. One of the effective methods of decision theory is modeling based on business intelligence. Combining modeling with the capabilities of modern information technology, we get a universal tool for training and making management decisions. By modeling different scenarios of enterprise development, thus simulating its behavior, you can analyze the dynamics of enterprise development and choose the best possible options. The necessity of automation of production processes with the use of modern information technologies is proved. The use of these systems will provide: input of primary information; data processing and storage; automated generation of necessary reports and source information; prompt reflection of the state of economic facilities for timely decisions. The inexpediency of using ERP-class systems for automation of small enterprises is shown. In such cases, there is a need to develop an information system that would be aimed at optimizing production activities, reducing production costs and providing access to reporting analytical information necessary for effective management decisions. Structurally, it is formed from a set of interconnected functional subsystems that provide solutions to a number of problems, including long-term production development planning, operational management of material and financial resources, as well as sales and sales of finished products and business analysis. The advantages of using the information system in terms of automation of management business analytics processes on the example of the Ukrainian software product "A2" are analyzed. The development and implementation of an automated information system based on A2 has significantly facilitated and automated the process of obtaining analytical information and making adequate management decisions.

Industrial-size job shop scheduling with constraint programming

The job shop scheduling problem is one of the most studied optimization problems to this day and it becomes more and more important in the light of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) that aims at fully automated production processes. For a long time exact methods like constraint programming had problems to solve real large-scale problem instances and methods of choice were to be found in the area of (meta-) heuristics. However, developments during the last decade improved the performance of state-of-the-art constraint solvers dramatically, to the point that they can be applied also on large-scale instances. The presented work’s main target is to elaborate the performance of state-of-the-art constraint solvers with respect to industrial-size job shop scheduling problem instances. To this end, we analyze and compare the performance of two cutting-edge constraint solvers: OR-Tools, an open-source solver developed by Google and recurrent winner of the MiniZinc Challenge, and CP Optimizer, a proprietary constraint solver from IBM targeted at industrial optimization problems. In order to reflect real-world industrial scenarios with heavy workloads like found in the semi-conductor domain, we use novel benchmarks that comprise up to one million operations to be scheduled on up to one thousand machines. The comparison is based on the best makespan (i.e. completion time) achieved and the time required to solve the problem instances. We test the solvers on single-core and quad-core configurations.

Production process automation of internal combustion engine (ICE) pistons from hypereutectic silumins by injection molding with crystallization under pressure, followed by isothermal forging

A technology for the production of ICE pistons from aluminum alloys with a silicon content of 18 % is proposed. A method for pressing a crystallizing metal by pressure on a horizontal hydraulic press in order to obtain piston blanks for subsequent isothermal forging is developed. The pressing process is controlled by a computer control system embodied through the use of the modern industrial logic controllers and software. An interface for program control is developed. It indicated that the use of modern process control systems makes it possible to control the formation of the final product properties in real time. Keywords automation, computer control system, internal combustion engine pistons, isothermal forging, crystallization, pressure, mechanical properties of metal products

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COLLECTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE OF A MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISE IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

At present, the widespread introduction and use of information technologies is the main trend that determines the development of the national industry in the digital economy. An indisputable fact is that the use of computer tools and information systems in the management of a research and production company at this stage of economic development provides a number of advantages, namely, in competition. The use of computerized information systems can significantly improve the technical and financial performance of the company. Today information, especially financial information, is not only a resource, but also an innovative product. The article analyzes and substantiates the main directions of development of various types of support, information and data processing and related financial resources for the automation of scientific and production processes. The impact of digitalization of technologies and management techniques on the economic performance of scientific and production processes is assessed. The importance of introducing modern and economical information technologies into the processes of business functions is realized. The analysis revealed the main trends in the development of the business management system. Maintaining the required level of resources is ensured through the use of functional subsystems. They perform their tasks common to the entire financial information system. The processes of development and management of scientific and production processes in the digital economy are closely related to the concept of "economic information system", which is a set of software, technical, organizational and personal tools combined into a single information system for the purpose of collecting, storing, processing and transferring financial information required to perform business management functions.