Auditory Analyzer Research Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF MUSIC ART ON SPEECH DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

The author substantiates the role and importance of music in encouraging child’s speech and language development. The purpose of this article is to determine the effect of music presence in learning process, analyse the changes in speech development of elementary school students through musical interaction and justify the need for computer music technologies.This paper highlights the importance of developing the foundational skills (reading, writing, listening, speaking) and sub-skills (grammar, stylistic, pronunciation and vocabulary) by using a wide range of music technologies. The use of computer music technologies stimulates brain function that leads to an improvement students’ mental health and well-being, increasing cognitive function (concentration, attention, imagination, memory and thinking), developing important social skills.The article defines the use of logarithmics in preparation child's breathing, an auditory analyzer and speech production system for child's speech and language activity. Logopedic rhythmics is an effective method of development of mental cognitive processes, internal sense of rhythm, gross and fine motor skills, improving coordination and the personality spheres. Logarithmics is a correctional technique, which include speech and motor exercises, psychogymnastics and dance-rhythmic exercises. It was recommended to use this method not only in the treatment for children with speech disorders, psychomotor poverty or intellectual disability.The author has been making recommendations aimed at creating a positive psychological microclimate, activation of cognitive activity of children, engaging in creative self-expression and exploration of their capabilities, which help to accelerate the language development.
 Keywords: language development; music art; music computer technologies; speech development; speech skills; logarithmics; psychogymnastics; dance-rhythmic exercises; elementary school students; speech production system.

Data of clinical otorhinolaryngologic review of servicemen of armed forces of Ukraine are at implementation of the educational firing

Lately medical help is provided in many medical institution of Ukraine for those servicemen who suffered of the influence of intensive noise during implementation of duties of military service. Before sending in the zone of battle actions for implementation of the assigned tasks, servicemen of certain military branches pass training for improving of their skills, including, handling a weapon. The actual task is to reveal in time violations that can lea to the development of defeat of the auditory system under action of sounds of high intensity in the conditions of realization of battle actions in future. Aim: to define changes in otorhinolaryngologic status of servicemen of AFU during the implementation of the educational firing on a polygon. Materials and methods: the otorhinolaryngologic inspection of 53 servicemen is conducted at age from 18 to 37 and after realization of firing from a rifle armament (gun-machine of Kalashnikov without and with subbarrel grenade launcher) on a polygon. Results and their discussions: After realization of series of shots in parts of servicemen certain changes were revealed in ENT status. During the otoscopy of some patients (11.3%) was revealed the injection of the vessels by the way of handle of hammer, in 5 (9.4%) cases during the otoscopy was marked certain smoothness of the contours of eardrums and reduction of light reflex. Worth mentioning that 10 (18.8%) patients inspected after training felt high-frequency subjective noise. 2 fighters (3.7%) ment ioned moderate dizziness after implementation of shots. 5 (9.4%) servicemen had complaints about a moderate headache after training. Majority of them noted that such a feeling passed during an hour after firing. However, in 7.5% cases such complaints took the place after this term. And exactly at this group of inspected we also looked after changes at an otoscopy. We guided such fighters at a further instrumental inspection for detection of possible violations in functioning of auditory analyzer as a result of the noise influence. To our opinion, such persons should be examined in relation to the presence of preclinical violations in an auditory analyzer and possible increase of individual sensitiveness to noise influence . There is a risk, which in the zone of battle actions in case of acousticbarotrauma the severe defeat of the auditory system can develop in such fighters. Thus, due to the conducted examination by otolaryngologist. increases the possibility of revealing the person with high sensitiveness to the noise influence in time that help determine the limitations that can be applied in this case, It is expedient to use possibility to prevent development of heavy hearing loss and invalidisation of servicemen, that has socio-economic consequences. Conclusions: 1. During the implementation of the educational firing some servicemen can suffer from the violations of the state of the auditory system, which looks like the changes of otoscopic picture and the presence of complaints such as congestion of the ears, dizziness, high-frequency subjective ear noise, headache. 2. The examination of otolaryngologist after implementation of the educational firing of servicemen allows revealing those who has visible changes in the state of ENT-organs. The selection of such persons creates precondition of determination among them group of high risk further development of violations in an auditory analyser.

Modern approaches to the diagnosis of occupational hearing loss in workers exposed to noise

Due to the high prevalence of professional hearing loss, the difficulty of making decisions on the further working capacity of the employee, the issues of objectification of the assessment of the hearing condition among employees of «noise» productions, ensuring their reliability are very relevant. Based on the analysis of the results of tonal threshold audiometry and registration of short-latency auditory evoked potentials in 30 patients with impaired auditory function of professional origin, the difference in latencies of registered potentials, amplitudes and intervals was determined in comparison with a group of persons without industrial acoustic contact. The present study has shown that the test has sufficient informativeness in solving complex examination issues of interned patients with comorbid pathology of the circulatory organs by this age, and can be recommended for use for differential diagnosis of lesions of the central parts of the auditory analyzer in case of discrepancy with the results of tonal threshold audiometry.

К формированию модели слуховой функции в задаче освещения окружающей обстановки

The large-scale-temporal representation of acoustic signals and technical solutions for their processing, allowing visualization of the environment in conditions of limited visibility using the operator's auditory analyzer, are considered. The principle of symmetry of physical laws is extended to the processing of signals from objects that are the purposes of detection and classification. Mod-els of scale-time representation of acoustic signals and their processing for visualization of the scene by the operator are proposed.

Functional interconnection of visual and auditory analyzers

Studies at the level of the cerebral cortex have begun to gain more and more interest because the way it works pro­vides information about a person’s way of thinking or memorizing. It is known that the regions of the cortex are excited differently, so there are action potentials of va­rious sizes, depending on the action performed. From an anatomical and functional point of view, both the visual and the auditory pathways are divided into two important areas, the primary area and the secondary area, also called by the association. Their unitary analysis is necessary be­cause the memorization process is based mainly on the func­tio­nality of the association area, but it is necessary to follow the existence of differences in the primary areas be­cause the individual will naturally select the stimuli that al­low him to acquire. Depending on the neural density pre­sent in the two areas, information can be obtained about a person’s preference to use the visual analyzer to the de­tri­ment of the auditory one, in everyday actions.

Клинико-нейропсихологические особенности церебральной организации подкорковых структур в развитии психических расстройств аутистического спектра у детей

The article deals with the peculiarities of the cerebral organization of subcortical structures in children with autism spectrum disorders. The study involved 48 children aged from 3 to 8 years (M=5.75; SD=2.61) having ICD-10 diagnoses F84.0, F84.1, F84.5. All children underwent registration of acoustic evoked brainstem potentials and neuropsychological examination. The relationship of the indicators of acoustic evoked potentials of the brain stem with the functioning of different blocks of the brain was established: the block of cortical tone and the brain energy block (Block I), the block of reception, processing and storage of exteroceptive information (Block II), the block of programming, regulation and control of the course of mental activity (Block III). For children with difficulties in activation and energy components of activity, perception of auditory information by subcortical structures of the brain causes certain difficulties (difficulties in work of the I block of the brain). Children with difficulties in right hemispheric holistic information processing strategy and a high level of its development are characterized by a reduced level of control over the course of thought activity, with difficulties in automating thinking and speech and difficulties in coordinating movements (difficulties in the work of Block II of the brain). The identified features of the cerebral organization of the processes of perception of auditory information and processes of mental activity in children with autism spectrum disorders are manifested in disorders of the course of thought activity, the function of peripheral receptors and conduction pathways to the cortical centers of the auditory analyzer, in a lowered level of control over the auditory analyzer. In connection with these processes there are difficulties with automatization of thinking and speech, coordination of movements in children.

Triggers and predictors of development and formation of sensorineural hearing loss

The purpose of the study is to review the results of scientific researches in recent years in an expanded interdisciplinary view of the problem of etiopathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss, as well as the role of comorbidities and triggers in the formation of persistent changes in the audio-receiving part of the auditory analyzer.

Hearing Impairment in Infants with Asphyxia.

In recent decades, despite significant advances in medicine and perinatal care, asphyxia remains a serious condition, leading to significant mortality and morbidity. The incidence of severe perinatal asphyxia varies from 1 to 3 per 1000 live births, in developed countries 5-10 per 1000 or more in developing countries, and is the third most common cause of neonatal death (23%) after preterm birth (28%) and severe infection (26%). Neonatal asphyxia is often accompanied by multiple organ failure, mainly involving the kidneys, brain, and heart. Asphyxia results in significant tissue hypoperfusion and reduced oxygen supply, which can cause neurological damage and damage to cochlear hair cells. Under our supervision were 35 (n=30) newborns who were in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Perinatal Center of the Khorezm region in the period from 2018 to 2019. Of these, 22 (I (main) group n=22), who were in the neonatal pathology department, had signs of perinatal CNS damage; The comparison group included 13 newborns (n=13), with Apgar scores >7 in the first minute. There is a clear correlation between the degree of hearing impairment in infants and the degree of pathology of the CNS. However, the degree of impairment of the auditory analyzer increased in parallel with the degree of asphyxia and severity (P≤0,05).

Слуховая функция недоношенных детей различного возраста гестации в течение первого года жизни

The frequency of the birth of premature babies is increasing every year; respectively, the quality and provision of care to such children are improving. Objective. To trace the dynamics of objective indicators of the functional state of the auditory analyzer during the first year of life in premature infants with different gestation periods in order to identify numerical values characterizing the functioning of the auditory analyzer in the first year of life in premature infants. Patients and methods. During the work, the auditory response was analyzed during the first year of life in 291 premature babies, of which 150 children with a gestation period of less than 28 weeks, 52 children born with a gestation period of 29 to 31 completed weeks, 47 children with a gestation period of 32 to full 34 weeks, 41 children with a gestational age of 35 to 36 weeks. The study was conducted at 3, 6, and 12 months of age. Audiological studies were carried out on the Eclipse device (Interacoustics, Denmark) in the state of physiological sleep of the child, ABR (Auditory Brainstem Response), ASSR (Auditory Steady-State Response) were recorded. Among the ABR indicators, the following were processed: threshold values of the V peak, latent values of the III and V peaks, peak-to-peak intervals between the III and V peaks at intensities from the threshold value to 60 dB. When registering ASSR, threshold responses at the tested frequencies and the average response threshold were determined. Results. In the course of the work, it was shown that the average threshold values for all premature babies in one year of life according to ABR data are 22,7 ± 6,3 dB; ASSR, 21,3 ± 5,9 dB.

КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ОСТРОЙ СЕНСОНЕВРАЛЬНОЙ ТУГОУХОСТИ ПОСЛЕ COVID-19

Sensorineural hearing loss is a form of hearing loss that affects areas of the sound-perceiving part of the auditory analyzer, one of the etiological causes is the pathology of the circulatory system.With a new coronavirus infection, there is a specific viral damage to the endothelium - SARS-CoV-2-associated endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulation syndrome. There is evidence of a connection between a part of the observations of post-covid syndrome with prolonged thrombotic microangiopathy and persistent hypercoagulation syndrome. This article discusses a clinical case of the acute sensorineural hearing loss after COVID-19 infection.

Lesions of the cortical part of the auditory analyzer in explosive injury

A survey of 48 victims aged 19-36 years with explosive trauma and combined damage to the auditory system was conducted to assess the level of damage to nerve structures by analyzing the bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex. All patients underwent electroencephalography (EEG). It is established that akubarotrauma of explosive genesis almost always leads to lesions of the function of the cortical part of the auditory analyzer. Desynchronized activity on the EEG after acubarotrauma is a favorable prognostic sign, indicating only functional disorders of the cortical part of the auditory analyzer. On the contrary, EEG changes of an organic type of cortical or stem nature are an unfavorable prognostic factor, usually accompanied by sensorineural hearing loss with prolonged and incomplete hearing recovery. Promising drugs for the treatment of otoneurological disorders are antihypoxants, in particular, derivatives of triazine indole, which affect the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia development.

Indicators of the peripheral and central departments of the auditory analyzer according to the threshold tone audiometry and acoustic impedansometry data in participants of combat operations with a different course of sensoneural hearing loss

Aim: study of the characteristics of the acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex in conjunction with the data of threshold tone audiometry in combatants with different dynamics of the course of sensorineural hearing loss. Materials and methods: The characteristics acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex and the indicators of threshold tonal audiometry in combatants with different dynamics of sensorineural hearing loss were conducted. 60 military personnel were examined: group 1, with positive dynamics after treatment, group 2, in which progression sensorineural hearing loss took place, 30 people per group. Results and discussion: The study showed that patients who received combat acutrauma showed significant changes in the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex, which may indicate that they have disorders in the brainstem of the auditory analyzer. In patients with progressive sensorineural hearing loss, these disorders are more pronounced. Thus, they observed a significant (p<0.01) decrease in amplitude not only compared to the control, but also with the indicators of the group with positive dynamics. In addition, in the group with progressive course (group 2) there is a greater "dissociation" of acoustic stapediusmuscle reflex – a larger number of patients with no acoustic stapedius reflex, "asymmetric" acoustic stapediusmuscle reflex. When examining patients with combat acutrauma, we recommend examining both the peripheral (according to threshold tonal audiometry) and brainstem (according to acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex) department of the auditory system, which will not only identify disorders and prescribe the necessary treatment, but also assess the severity and predict the course of disorders in such patients. Therefore, acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex and its amplitude indicators should be used as diagnostic and prognostic criteria when conducting expert examinations of this category of patients. Conclusions: 1. In combat acutrauma there are violations both in the peripheral department of the auditory analyzer according to the threshold tonal audiometry, and in the central (brainstem) according to acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex. 2. In combat acutrauma there is a significant (p<0,01) decrease in the amplitude of acoustic stapediusmuscle reflex, more pronounced in fighters with progressive SNP. 3. "Asymmetry" of acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex, pronounced decrease in the amplitude of the acoustic reflex, "dissociation" of acoustic reflex indicators with the results of audiometric examination is not only a typical sign of hearing loss in fighters with acute trauma, but can be a prognostic marker and one of the criteria disorders in this category of patients. 4. When examining patients with combat acutrauma, it is advisable to study the characteristics of acoustic stapedius-muscle reflex.

The level of peripheral myelin protein and vitamin D in blood serum among patients suffering diabetes mellitus type II and hearing impairment

The level of peripheral myelin protein and vitamin D in blood serum among patients suffering diabetes mellitus type II and hearing impairment

Стан стовбуромозкового відділу слухового аналізатора при цукровому діабеті 2-го типу і порушеннях слухової функції

The purpose of our study is to examine the condition of brainstem part of the auditory analyzer based on examination of the short-latent auditory evoked potentials (SLAEP) in 43 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 with disorders of auditory function. We revealed sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) of the I-II degree according to the internation- al classification. The registration of SLAEP was conducted by the system «Eclipse» «Interacoustics» (Denmark). We detected a lengthening of the latent periods of the peaks (LPP) of the II, III, IV and V waves of SLAEP, as well as the inter-peak intervals of I-III and I-V comparing to the control values. So, LPP of III wave SLAEP was 3.85 ± 0.04 ms, and of V wave was 5.83 ± 0.05 ms. According to the severity of DM type II, we divided the patients into two groups: without (group I) and with (group II) complica- tions. A comparative analysis revealed that the values of LPP III wave and also I-III in group 2 not only significantly exceeded the normal values, but also significantly differed from the same indicators in group 1. Thus, the LPP of the III wave of SLAEP was 3.81 ± 0.03 and 3.95 ± 0.05 ms, in group 1 and 2, respectively. In group 2 inter-peak interval I-III was 2.29 ± 0.03 ms, inter-peak interval I-V was 4.21 ± 0.04 ms. This indicates the possible influence of the complicated course of diabetes mellitus II on the development of disorders in the central departments of the auditory analyzer, particular in its brainstem structures. Therefore, among all studied groups of patients with SNHL on the background of DM type II there are a pronounced deviations from the norm in the state of the brainstem part of the auditory analyzer. The obtained data indicate an important role of the state of brainstem part of auditory analyzer in the development of sensorineural hearing disorders in diabetes mellitus type II.

METHODS OF RESEARCH OF THE FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS IN CHILDREN WITH SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS

The article considers research methods and features of the functional state of the vestibular apparatus and vestibular disorders in children with sensorineural hearing loss. We used the methods of analysis, generalization and systematization of data from domestic and foreign literature sources on methods of studying the vestibular apparatus in children with sensorineural hearing loss. It was determined that the function of balance and coordination of movements is one of the most complex, and consists of several analyzers - visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and tactile. When studying the physical development of children with this pathology, attention is paid to the formation of the main static-dynamic and coordination capabilities according to the age of the child. In children with congenital sensorineural deafness, and especially double deafness, there are signs of vestibular insufficiency and impaired translational control, movement and gait. This affects the development of gross motor functions, such as sitting and walking, to a lesser extent affects fine motor skills, if there are no layers of other pathologies of the central nervous system.
 The pathological process in the auditory analyzer changes the function of the vestibular apparatus, due to their close location in the labyrinth and innervation by one cranial nerve, and in turn changes in the vestibular apparatus contribute to the formation of motor disorders. Therefore, we can observe a certain general principle of operation of the auditory and vestibular systems. At children who have low vestibular stability any turns, inclinations, sharp change of a direction of movement causes imbalance of coordination and balance of movements. All these delays in physical development, according to many authors, are cumulative in character and are caused by the hearing defect itself, insufficient information from the environment, difficulty expressing thoughts and desires verbally, as well as the state of the motor analyzer and vestibular activity. Children with hearing impairment have an insufficient level of coordination development, physical development, static and dynamic balance, spatial orientation. Researches of the vestibular apparatus, namely the functions of coordination and balance are carried out in several categories: the research of tonic vestibular reactions, coordination of movements and static and dynamic balance. Researches of tonic vestibular reactions are performed on the following tests: the test with outstretched arms, Vodak-Fisher test, pointing test Barani, finger-nose test, Holmagi test. Researches of static and dynamic equilibrium are carried out on the samples of Romberg, Grahe, Oppenheim, walking in a straight line. When analyzing these samples, we can talk about the degree of violation of coordination and stato-dynamic balance.
 As a result of vestibular compensation, children with sensorineural deafness can catch up with their peers with normal hearing with the help of visual and somato-sensory systems, pyramidal and extra-pyramidal systems.

Immunological mechanisms of occupational hearing loss in workers of oil-producing and petrochemical industries

Most jobs in the oil and petrochemical industries are characterized by exposure to industrial noise, air pollution of the working area with harmful chemicals, dynamic and static loads, forced working posture, and nervous and emotional overstrain. The complex, long-term impact of these factors on workers leads to the development of fatigue, disruption of the adaptive mechanisms of the body and the formation of pathology of the hearing organ. These changes are most pronounced at the initial stages of the formation of professional hearing loss. In order to study the role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of occupational hearing loss, major groups of immunoglobulins (A, M, G, E) in blood serum were determined. The identification of mature T-cell populations was carried out by indirect immunofluorescence method with monoclonal antibodies of the ICO series (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD20+) in 120 workers. The state of the immune status of employees of the main professions can be characterized by the presence of a tendency to form a secondary immunodeficiency state, manifested by the suppression of both cellular and humoral links. Violations of individual parts of the immune system among employees of «noise» industries reflect the level of adaptive reactions of the body and correlate with changes in the auditory analyzer and can develop long before the clinical manifestations of the disease. Identification of subclinical changes in the indicators of the immune system of the body of employees will allow timely preventive and pathogenetically justified rehabilitation measures, prevent the progression of the process and its transformation into professional hearing loss and preserve their ability to work for a long period.

Our experience of rare otolaryngological complications of coronavirus infection

Introduction: COVID-19 disease can lead to serious complications of the ENT organs. Among them are the developments of aseptic thrombosis of the arteries of the ENT organs and face, as well as auditory dysfunction. Purpose: to investigate changes in auditory function and blood supply to the ENT organs of patients which underwent coronavirus COVID-19. Materials and methods: examination and treatment of patients with complications of coronavirus infection: facial soft tissue thrombosis (2) and auditory dysfunction (38). The results obtained: Coronavirus infection in two patients resulted in thrombosis of the soft branches of the internal and external carotid arteries with the development of necrosis of the mucous membrane of the lateral wall of the nose, nasal sinuses, septum and palate, which required surgical treatment. Acute sensorineural hearing loss with an increase in thresholds of sound perception to 40 dB was observed in 23 (60.5%) patients, and most of them (19 people) suffered from severe coronavirus infection and received comprehensive treatment (hormones, anticoagulants, etc.). Hearing loss with an increase in the threshold of sound perception to 40-60 dB was determined in 15 (39.5%) patients, of whom only 5 underwent severe COVID-19. Conclusions: Patients who have undergone a coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus may develop otolaryngological complications in the form of auditory dysfunction or arterial thrombosis. More severe bilateral damage to the auditory analyzer occurs in patients who underwent mild COVID-19 and did not receive anti-inflammatory therapy. The use of glucocorticoids and anticoagulants for the treatment of coronavirus infection on time prevents the development of complications from the auditory analyzer and blood coagulation system.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE MOTOR ACTIVITY REGIME OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS ON THEIR MENTAL HEALTH

Introduction. This article presents the results of a study aimed at studying the influence of the motor activity regime of young people studying in higher education institutions on their mental health. The aim of the study. Considering that, according to the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), the meaning of the term "Human health" is interpreted as the state of its complete physical, mental and social well-being, mental health of a person should be understood as an integral part of health, which is determined by the following indicators: the absence of pathological changes in the body, the ability to fully perform physiological functions, the stability of the processes of interaction with the physical and social environment. Materials and methods. In conditions of mental health, a person is capable of an adequate response to stressful situations, productive activity and the performance of certain social functions. In addition, she is capable of controlling her own emotional state, developing relationships with others, and assimilating new knowledge and practical skills. Education in institutions of higher education is a complex and responsible process associated with an intense impact on the central nervous system of a person. Therefore, the control of mental health indicators during the educational process in higher education institutions is an important condition for preserving the resource of professional health of both teachers and students. Results and discussion. Students perceive most of the educational information with the help of visual and auditory analyzers. Therefore, the dynamic control of the functional state of these analyzers in the learning process in higher education institutions is extremely important. First of all, you need to investigate the initial state of the visual and auditory analyzers before starting the learning process. For this, special medical research techniques and appropriate equipment should be used. Those students who have certain deviations in the state of the visual or auditory analyzers (myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism, hearing loss) should be taken on special account and periodically monitored for changes in the state of their analyzers during the educational process. For these students, it is necessary to establish individual regulations for visual and auditory loads and constantly monitor their strict observance. In addition, individual algorithms of daily physical activity should be developed for all students, since it is this aspect of a person's functional activity that plays an important role in maintaining the optimal state of his mental health. Conclusions. Our research has shown that the development and implementation of methods for maintaining the mental health of students and stimulating the cognitive functions of their central nervous system into the daily activities of higher educational institutions contribute to improving the quality of training of specialists and ensure their ability to effectively work in their chosen specialty.

The possible mechanisms of electromagnetic phone effects on the auditory system of children and adolescents

For the first time, we compared the gradients of changes in the simple auditory-motor response (SAMR) and the daily time of using a mobile phone (MP), which made it possible to describe the variants of possible changes in lateralization of effects and the frequency of their occurrence for different variants of SAMR changes. This study has no analogues neither in Russian nor in foreign publications and is currently exclusive. Objective – to determine the patterns of manifestation of contra- and ipsilateral effects, using individual changes in indicators of a simple auditory-motor response obtained as a result of longitudinal observations. The analysis of changes in the parameters of a simple auditory-motor reaction was carried out during mono-presentation of a sound signal on the left and on the right in 145 children and adolescents aged 7-14 years (470 measurements), who were under observation for 2 or more years, depending on changes in the mode of use mobile phone. Further, 48 cases were excluded (change in the lateralization of use, for example, the respondent brought the phone to both the right and the left ear, “changed” the leading ear, etc.). Three variants of changes in the mode of using MP in the longitude period (gradient of time change) were established: an increase in time (the group "less–more"), a decrease in time (group "more–less") and no changes. For each group, 4 variants of changes in the parameters of SAMR were revealed in the dynamics of observations along the longitude: decrease in SAMR indicators on the left (left ear) and increase in the right (right ear); decrease in indicators on the left and increase on the right and synchronous decrease or increase in indicators on the right and left. An assessment of the strength of the correlation was carried out (a linear Pearson correlation coefficient was used and an assessment of the statistical significance was carried out): between changes in the gradient of changes in the time of MP usage and SAMR, as well as changes in the lateralization of effects (changes in the frequency of occurrence of ipsi- and contralateral effects). The multivariance of changes in SAMR indicators and lateralization of effects was revealed depending on the mode of MP use. The proposed approach to the analysis of changes in a simple auditory-motor reaction and daily time of using a mobile phone makes it possible to suggest some mechanisms of changes in the parameters of the auditory analyzer in response to the duration of exposure to electromagnetic radiation from a mobile phone. The presence of contralateral effects of changes in SAMR parameters can serve as an assessment of the “capture” of the brain structures of children and adolescents by MP electromagnetic radiation. The results obtained once again prove the level of negative impact on the auditory system of children and adolescents. The current situation requires an immediate solution by clear regulation of the use of cellular communications by the younger generation.

Historical aspects of studying the influence of physical activity on the mental health of people

This article presents the main results of work on the study of the issue of the historical process of improving knowledge about the influence of physical activity of a person on the level of his mental health. Based on the results of the analysis of scientific information presented in modern domestic and foreign literary sources, the conclusion was substantiated that the historical process of improving knowledge about human nature and his mental activity in recent years has reached the highest level of development. The study of the long-term experience of scientists in many countries of the world gives grounds to assert that the beginning of the process of targeted study of the effect of physical activity on human mental functions was laid back in the last century. However, scientists have achieved the most outstanding results in this area of scientific research in recent decades. The historical need for in-depth research in this scientific direction was maturing gradually and was due to the peculiarities of the course of scientific and technological progress in general. Due to the fact that it was in recent decades that many discoveries were made, which formed the basis of modern methods for studying the physiological state of a person and his intellectual functions, there was obvious progress in the study of the mental health of persons whose central nervous system works under conditions of extreme intellectual and psycho-emotional stress. Scientists working in the field of physical education and sports, in collaboration with scientists in the field of education and health, have significantly intensified their joint activities and developed modern complexes of measures aimed at studying the mental health of students and representatives of the teaching staff of state institutions of higher education. This contingent of the subjects was not chosen by chance. The fact is that the learning process in higher education institutions is associated with intense loads on the central nervous system of both students and teachers, as well as on some of their senses (in particular, on the visual and auditory analyzers).