Attraction Effect Research Articles

Identification of volatiles from preferred host plants of three winged morphs of Aphis gossypii and evaluation of luring-enhancing effects of volatile-based attractants

Identification of volatiles from preferred host plants of three winged morphs of Aphis gossypii and evaluation of luring-enhancing effects of volatile-based attractants

Olfactory Responses of the Greenhouse Whitefly <i>Trialeurodes vaporariorum</i> Westwood and Its Parasitoid <i>Encarsia formosa</i> Gahan to Volatile Compounds of Entomopatogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Lecanicillum</i>

To assess the prospects for the joint use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and entomophages in plant protection from greenhouse whitefly, the influence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of fungi on the behavior of the phytophage and its parasitoid encarsia in 2 types of olfactometers was studied. In the Y-shaped olfactometer, it was revealed that 3 out of 9 EPF strains had a significant effect on the behavior of the imago phytophagus. The mycelium of the Vl 72 strain of the L. muscarium species showed an attractive effect (AE = +16), and for the Vl 61 strain of the same species and the Vit 71 strain of the L. attenuatum has been found to have a repellent effect against the pest (AE = –28 and –20, respectively). Experiments in two-chamber olfactometers, where T. vaporariorum was tested not individually, but in groups (15 individuals each), showed that all the studied strains did not affect the reactions of the phytophage. The activity of VOCs fungi against encarsia was less pronounced compared to whitefly. In the Y-shaped olfactometer, it was shown that only Vit 71 (L. attenuatum) showed an attractive effect, the remaining strains did not cause reactions in the parasitoid or showed a tendency to attract it.

Spatial and directional tuning of serial dependence for tracking eye movements.

An attractive influence of past sensory experience on current behavior has been observed in many domains ranging from perceptual decisions to motor responses. However, it is unclear what sort of information is integrated across trials, especially for oculomotor behavior. Here we provide a detailed investigation of the spatial and directional tuning of serial dependence for oculomotor tracking. Across multiple experiments, we measured oculomotor responses to sequences of movements: the first movement (prior) could move at different velocities (5deg/s or 15deg/s), and could vary in its spatial location or direction relative to the following movement. The second movement (probe) was constant across all experiments and moved at 10deg/s. We observed that eye velocity for the probe was faster when following the fast prior compared to following the slow prior, replicating attractive serial dependence. Importantly, this effect stayed consistent for distances of up to 30deg between prior and probe, indicating a retinotopic reference frame. When we manipulated the direction of the prior, we observed that the influence of the prior on eye velocity, as well as eye direction, was stronger for prior directions more similar to the probe direction, and the magnitude of the effect on eye velocity and eye direction was correlated. Across all experiments, we observed that even when the prior moved in the opposite direction, there was a residual attractive effect. This suggests that serial dependence for oculomotor tracking consists of two components, one retinotopic, direction-tuned component and one more general component that is not direction specific.

Tourist Attractions, Perceived Value, Destination Image, and Loyalty Motivation: A Mediating Variable Analysis

This study examines and analyzes various factors affecting tourist satisfaction and loyalty towards the agro-tourism destination in Tanah Karo. This study utilizes a quantitative research approach with a descriptive methodology to analyze the impact of various factors on tourist loyalty to the agro-tourism destination in Tanah Karo. The research aims to evaluate the effects of tourist attractions, perceived value, destination image, and motivation on tourist loyalty, with satisfaction as a mediating variable. Descriptive analysis will interpret the data, while quantitative analysis will employ statistical tools for hypothesis testing. The study, conducted in Berastagi, Tanah Karo, will use interviews and surveys to collect data from tourists aged 18 to 55 who have visited the destination more than twice. Data will be gathered through questionnaires and secondary sources and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares. This analysis will include assessing model validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing to understand the direct and indirect effects of the studied variables on tourist loyalty. Based on the research conducted at Agrowisata Tanah Karo, it can be concluded that tourist attractions, perceived value, destination image, and motivation significantly influence tourist satisfaction. Higher satisfaction, in turn, positively impacts tourist loyalty. Specifically, the appeal of tourist attractions and the perceived value contribute to greater satisfaction, which fosters loyalty. Additionally, the destination image and the motivation behind tourists' visits enhance satisfaction and loyalty. Tourist satisfaction mediates the relationship between attractions and loyalty and between perceived value, destination image, and loyalty. Thus, improving these factors can increase tourists' satisfaction and loyalty.

The phantom effect in information visualization

Recent research focuses on understanding what triggers cognitive biases and how to alleviate them in the context of visualization use. Given its role in decision-making in other research fields, the Phantom Effect may hold exciting prospects among known biases. The Phantom Effect belongs to the category of decoy effects, where the decoy is an optimal yet unavailable alternative. We conducted a hybrid design experiment (N=76) where participants performed decision tasks based on information represented in different visualization idioms and phantom alternative’s unavailability presentation delays. We measured participants’ perceptual speed and visual working memory to study their impact on the expression of the Phantom Effect. Results show that visualization usually triggers the Phantom Effect, but two-sided bar charts mitigate this bias more effectively. We also found that waiting until the participant decides before presenting the decoy as unavailable helps alleviate the Phantom Effect. Although we did not find measurable effects, results also suggest that visual working memory and visualization literacy play a role in bias susceptibility. Our findings extend prior research in visualization-based decoy effects. They are the first steps to understanding the role of individual differences in the susceptibility to cognitive bias in visualization contexts.

Effect of age on susceptibility to the attraction effect in sequential risky decision-making

Abstract Our study aims to contribute to the existing body of research on age-related changes in decision-making by investigating susceptibility to the attraction effect across adulthood. Prior studies have produced inconsistent conclusions regarding the decision-making abilities of older individuals, with some portraying them as easily manipulated and risk-averse, while others suggest the opposite. To address this issue, we conducted two experiments using a novel paradigm of the roulette task: (1) in an online environment with 357 participants and (2) in a laboratory setting with 173 participants. The results were consistent and demonstrated the robustness of the attraction effect. However, no age differences in susceptibility to the attraction effect as a common decision bias were found. As predicted, older adults were more likely to commit simple decision-making mistakes, especially in the preliminary trials, which could have serious financial or societal consequences. Additionally, older adults exhibited more risk-seeking behaviours. Furthermore, we observed that the dynamics of decision competence (as indicated by a decrease in the selection of erroneous decoy options and an increase in decision fluency) were similar for both younger and older adults, suggesting preservation of the ability to optimise decision-making while becoming familiar with new tasks. These findings provide insight into the cognitive functioning of older adults and indicate that decision-making abilities in late adulthood may be more complex than commonly assumed.

An improved gravity model for identifying influential nodes in complex networks considering asymmetric attraction effect

Identifying influential nodes in complex networks is a crucial and challenging research issue in network science. Most existing algorithms rely on static characteristics of networks and operate under the assumption that interactions between nodes are symmetric. However, the potential asymmetric interactions between nodes pairs are often overlooked in real-world networks. To address this gap, we propose the Asymmetric Gravity Model (AGM), which identifies influential nodes in complex networks by considering asymmetric attraction effects. The core idea of the AGM algorithm is that a node’s influence is calculated by accumulating the attractive forces of its neighboring nodes within a specified influence distance. Specifically, by introducing a newly developed asymmetric attraction coefficient, we transform the traditional adjacency matrix into an asymmetric attraction matrix. The proposed algorithm more accurately captures the relative attraction relationship between node pairs within networks. Meanwhile, we synthesize all potential attraction paths to adaptively determine the influence distance of networks. Furthermore, extensive experimental results on nine real-world networks demonstrate that the AGM algorithm outperforms eight competitive, state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of ranking accuracy, effectiveness, uniqueness, and the ability to accurately evaluate top-ranked nodes.

From Attraction to Retention: How Vlogger Attributes, Vlog News Content Quality, and Platform Features Affect Continuance Intention of Vlog News

In the digital media era, video blogs (vlogs) have become a crucial news platform, gaining attention for their personalized and interactive features. However, research has yet to fully explore the factors influencing sustained audience engagement with vlog news. Grounded in Media-system Dependency (MSD) Theory and Parasocial Interaction (PSI) Theory, this study examines key drivers of continuous user engagement, including vlogger attributes, content quality, and platform technicalities. A survey of 553 users, analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), reveals significant effects of vlogger attractiveness and expertise, content’s entertainment and information quality, and the platform’s interactivity and fluency on PSI and ongoing viewing intentions. Additionally, the emotional bond between users and vlog news moderates the PSI and sustained viewing relationship. These findings enrich the media consumption framework and offer practical insights. Notably, the role of algorithmic content curation, enhancing media dependency and PSI through personalized content recommendations, is acknowledged.

Evaluating the attractiveness of different bait formulations for monitoring Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) adults

The growing need for sustainable agricultural practices drives the search for effective alternatives in pest management. Insects like Liriomyza sativae cause significant damage to crops, requiring monitoring and control methods that minimize the use of chemical pesticides. In this context, the use of natural and synthetic attractants for pest capture offers a promising solution while contributing to the preservation of ecological balance. The objective of this work was to study the attractive effect of different formulations for L. sativae adults. The formulations were divided into two groups according to their composition. For group 1, they were based on vinegar and sugar, and for group 2, formulations were based on molasses, invert sugar, hydrolyzed protein, and eugenold. The attractiveness of the formulations was evaluated based on free choice. They were placed in tube-shaped plastic containers and randomly arranged in TNT cages. Evaluations were performed every 48 hours by counting the number of adults in the containers until there was a low capture rate. Data were subjected to analysis of variance testing and means were compared using the Scott-Knott test at 5% significance level. All formulations tested were attractive to adults of L. sativae, with groups 1 and 2 reaching their maximum averages of 55.60 and 68.00 adults, respectively. Both occurred during the second evaluation. Over time, all formulations showed a reduction in capture rate. The use of effective attractants promotes traps that monitor and even control the pest population in a more sustainable way, benefiting the agroecosystem with sustainable agricultural practices. Furthermore, the research expands knowledge about the chemical ecology of insect pests, providing a basis for the chemical communication of these organisms.

Polarity-Targeted Carbon Dots for Mitochondria and Lysosomes Imaging.

Normally, electrostatic-dependent mitochondria localization can cause a decrease/loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), leading to the corresponding abnormal behaviors. So, achieving subcellular organelle localization and imaging with as little interference on their physiological activity is of significance for understanding cell activity. Herein, we discover and demonstrate that "polarity" can independently act as a novel kind of target for labeling at the organelle level. On this basis, mitochondria and lysosomes are precisely fluorescently imaged by two kinds of polarity-targeted carbon dots (C-dots), respectively. The two C-dots, named C-dots-1 and C-dots-2, have almost identical size and morphology as well as surface chemistry. The subtle difference is their polarity property: both of them are amphiphilic, with 1.54 and 0.95 for the log P values. Different from commonly used cationic-based organelle probes, both of the two C-dots possess slightly negatively charged surfaces (ζ-potential values ∼ -2.5 to -7.5 mV) at physiological conditions. Interestingly, the C-dots-1 and C-dots-2 have the capacity for highly selectively labeling and imaging mitochondria and lysosomes, whether cancer cells or normal cells. Because the targeting processes do not rely on electrostatic attraction effects, the MMP is not changed during localization processes. So, the corresponding cell abnormal behaviors caused by MMP diminishing, for example, the autophagy phenomenon, can be effectively avoided.

Strong Electrochemiluminescence Response Derived from Ionic Chiral Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enantioselective Discrimination of Amino Acid Enantiomers via an Electrostatic Attraction Effect.

Porous chiral materials accompanied by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) activity are rarely reported for enantioselective discrimination because of the big challenges to integrate the stereogenic center and ECL-active unit in the backbone. In the present study, ionic chiral covalent organic frameworks (iCCOFs) consisting of the pyridinium unit as the ECL-active species were prepared by a facile strategy. We were amazed that such iCCOFs could display strong cathodic ECL responses. Meanwhile, the as-prepared ECL-active iCCOFs performed enantioselective ECL quenching toward amino acid enantiomers, attributed to the enhanced photoinduced electron transfer process derived from the formed complex between the iCCOFs and amino acids via an electrostatic attraction effect. The iCCOF with an (S)-configuration was prone to interact with l-amino acids, producing a lower ECL intensity. The maximum intensity ratio between the d- and l-enantiomers was 33.0. Finally, the enantiomeric compositions of the measured amino acids presented a good linear relation with the obtained ECL intensity, which was fit for the determination of samples with unknown enantiomeric purity. In brief, the obtained results convince us that this study advances a new generation of ECL-active iCCOFs and displays great potential in enantioselective sensing.

The Effect of Convenience, Attractiveness, and Motivation on the Effectiveness of Online and Offline BIPA Learning Based on Teacher Perceptions

Teachers must create an engaging, convenient, and motivating learning environment to ensure the effectiveness of both online and offline BIPA learning. This research aims to identify the characteristics of BIPA (Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers) teachers and analyze the differences in the levels of effectiveness, attractiveness, motivation, and convenience experienced by teachers during offline and online learning. Furthermore, this research examines the impact of Convenience (ease of access and flexibility), Attractiveness (appeal of content and methods), and Motivation (strategies to inspire engagement) on the overall Effectiveness of BIPA learning based on teacher perceptions. The study finds that Convenience, Attractiveness, and Motivation significantly influence the overall Effectiveness of both online and offline BIPA learning. Additionally, this study seeks to identify strategies teachers employ to foster interest and motivation among BIPA students in both learning modes. This study employs a cross-sectional research design with 100 BIPA teachers as respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that BIPA teachers are generally Indonesian citizens with less than one year of online teaching experience. The study reveals that the attractiveness, convenience, and effectiveness levels are higher offline than online learning. Moreover, attractiveness has a significant positive effect on effectiveness. Field trips are vital activities that generate interest and motivation in offline learning, while simple materials and applications are pivotal in online learning. This research highlights the positive aspects and activities undertaken by BIPA teachers to enhance the effectiveness of online and offline learning.

Computer aided formulation design based on molecular dynamics simulation: Detergents with fragrance

Computer-aided formulation design is a methodology that utilizes domain knowledge and selected methods and tools suitable for computer-based applications to assist in formulation (product) design. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation and Bayesian neural network algorithms are combined with well-known engineering models to help accelerate the development and optimization of formulation-based detergent products with a view to improve product quality and performance. In particular, the mechanism of the behavior of polymers (an active ingredient in the product) to improve the product quality in terms of the fragrance and its residence time is highlighted. Results from molecular dynamic simulation applied to study the molecular interaction mechanism show that the polymers have an attraction effect with fragrance molecules and could adsorb more to make them to stay on the surface of clothes. In addition, the polymer attenuates the diffusion of the fragrance molecules, lengthening the entire process of fragrance diffusion, which is the essence of the ability of the polymer to slow down the release of the fragrance. A Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) model between component proportions and fragrance diffusion is established through Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) and the product formulation is optimized based on this model. Keeping polymer and perfume ingredients unchanged, the surfactant amounts are optimized to provide improved product quality.

“Influencers” e intención de compra centennial. Efectos pioneros persuasivos desde el atractivo físico y social

Social networks have proliferated in the paradigms of mass communication. The figure of the influencer becomes of high interest due to its impact on new types of consumption. In the diversity of consumers, the centennial generation stands out for its profile involved in the digital environment. The importance of the influencer in consumer decisions becomes relevant in the study. Physical and social attractiveness are determinants in the formation of effects on the purchase intentions of this generational segment. The objective was to analyze the effect of physical attractiveness on social attractiveness and purchase intention and to confirm the mediating effect of social attractiveness. A sample of 132 generation Z university consumers was analyzed. Through a regression model with mediation, the direct persuasive effects of physical attractiveness on purchase intention and the catalytic effect of social attractiveness between such variables are confirmed.

The Influence of Tourist Attraction and Digital Marketing on Return Visit Interest with Tourist Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable in Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency

The objectives of this study include: (1) To determine the effect of tourist attraction on tourist satisfaction at Tinalah tourist attraction, Kulonprogo Regency. (2) To determine the effect of digital marketing on tourist satisfaction at Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency. (3) To determine the effect of tourist satisfaction on interest in visiting again at Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency. (4) To determine the effect of tourist attraction on return visit interest in Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency, which is mediated by tourist satisfaction. (5) To determine the effect of digital marketing on return visit interest in the Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency, which is mediated by tourist satisfaction. The research design used in this research was quantitative research design. The population used in this study were tourists visiting Tinalah Tourism Village, Tinalah, Kulonprogo Regency with a large and unknown number. The sampling technique used in this study is non probability sampling by purposive sampling. The respondents who met the criteria were tourists who had visited Tinalah Tourism Village with a maximum limit of the last three months. The research sample amounted to 150 people. The data collection procedure in this study is to use the questionnaire method. The analytical tool used is Patial Least Square (PLS), which is a variance-based SEM, with SmartPLS 2.0 software. Based on the results of the analysis discussed in the previous chapter, the following conclusions can be given: (1) Attractiveness of tourist objects has a positive effect on tourist satisfaction in Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency. (2) Digital marketing has a positive effect on tourist satisfaction in Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency. (3) Tourist satisfaction has a positive effect on interest in visiting again at Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency. (4) Tourism attraction has a positive effect on interest in visiting again at Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency, which is mediated by tourist satisfaction. (5) Digital marketing has a positive effect on interest in visiting again at Tinalah Tourism Village, Kulonprogo Regency, which is mediated by tourist satisfaction.

The role of brand equity and decoy effect on actual purchase of insulated water flasks

The role of brand equity and decoy effect on actual purchase of insulated water flasks

Is It Benefiting Me or the Environment? How Context Nudges Green Product Choices

ABSTRACTGreen attribute trade‐offs have been identified as one of the significant antecedents of the green gap phenomenon (i.e., the discrepancy between pro‐green attitudes and purchase behavior of green products) in literature. This paper focuses on the strategic role of trade‐off‐related context effects (i.e., compromise effect and asymmetric dominance effect) as behavioral nudges in green marketing. We suggest that the benefit association of green attributes can influence the scope of these two context effects. We use three studies with experimental design to illustrate the said effect across three trade‐off scenarios, a range of product categories, and a diverse set of samples. Study 1 (307 participants), Study 2 (312 participants), and Study 3 (259 participants) investigated the hypotheses for trade‐offs between green attributes and other conventional product attributes, particularly price, functional performance, and usage/procurement convenience, respectively. The results reveal that when green attributes are associated with user‐benefit, the target green option performs better as a compromise option than as an asymmetrically dominant option, whereas when the green attributes are associated with environmental‐benefit, the target green option performs better as an asymmetrically dominant option than as a compromise option. Further, this difference in efficacy under environmental‐benefit association is less pronounced for individuals high on interdependent self‐construal. Additionally, we find that under the environmental‐benefit association, an independent self‐construal attenuates the efficacy of the compromise effect.

Keep neuroinflammation in mind when addressing Alzheimer's disease: A microglia perspective.

This commentary offers a detailed examination of a newly published paper on the effects of small molecule decoys of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation on microglial activation. It was discovered that the NSC16224 decoy peptide inhibited proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL6 release from microglia in response to Aβ40 and Aβ42 treatment. The research addresses the potential of blocking a sequence of events that lead to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we discuss the significance of these results in neuroinflammation, highlighting the greater implications for how decoy peptides would be interesting for the research and development of new drugs for AD therapy.

Analyzing tourist expenditures incurred on long-, medium-, and short-haul trips to Taiwan

This study examined the consumption demands of short-, medium-, and long-haul tourists in Taiwan, considering the effects of tourism attractiveness, generational cohorts, and nationalities on tourism consumption demand. We employed an Almost Ideal Demand System model to estimate the expenditures and price elasticities based on tourism expenditure data of 3018 visitors to Taiwan. The results indicated that varying degrees of price elasticity were observed among short-, medium-, and long-haul tourists. Long-haul tourists exhibited the highest elasticity in terms of shopping prices and expenditure. The factors influencing tourists' attraction to Taiwan were identified as the geographical convenience of their travel and their nationalities, which, in turn, affected their consumption demands. Thus, based on tourists' relevant characteristics to implement targeted marketing strategies.

Central tendency and serial dependence in vestibular path integration.

Path integration, the process of updating one's position using successive self-motion signals, has previously been studied with visual distance reproduction tasks in which optic flow patterns provide information about traveled distance. These studies have reported that reproduced distances show two types of systematic biases: central tendency and serial dependence. In the present study, we investigated whether these biases are also present in vestibular path integration. Participants were seated on a linear motion platform and performed a distance reproduction task in total darkness. The platform first passively moved the participant a predefined stimulus distance, which they then actively reproduced by steering the platform back the same distance. Stimulus distances were sampled from short- and long-distance probability distributions and presented either in a randomized order or in separate blocks to study the effect of presentation context. Similar to the effects observed in visual path integration, we found that reproduced distances showed an overall positive central tendency effect as well as a positive, attractive serial dependence effect. Furthermore, reproduction behavior was affected by presentation context. These results were mostly consistent with predictions of a Bayesian Kalman filter model, originally proposed for visual path integration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Distance reproduction tasks based on visual information about the traveled distance have shown that reproductions are biased by central tendency and serial dependence effects. Here, we show that distance reproductions based on vestibular signals show similar biases and that the reproductions are affected by the presentation order of the stimulus distances.