Assimilation Theory Research Articles

Multisensory integration approach, cognitive domains, meaningful learning: reflections for undergraduate nursing education.

Teaching with a multisensory approach helps students link new information to prior knowledge and understand relationships between concepts. This study aimed to reflect on convergences between the Multisensory Integration Approach Model with the Learning Assimilation Theory and Meaningful Retention with Bloom's Cognitive Process Domain, and to propose a taxonomic table of lesson planning for teaching Acute Coronary Syndrome, considering the confluence of these references. The three frameworks consider the importance of students' prior knowledge, the process of abstraction and generalization of knowledge, and the relationship between working and long-term memory. By observing such convergences and the taxonomic table produced, it is observed that teaching topics of interest to nursing undergraduate students, adopting the Multisensory Integration Approach Model as a taxonomic table component (pre-organizing or recall activities to arouse different sensory perceptions aligned with instructional objectives and forms of assessment), in the light of the Learning Assimilation Theory and Meaningful Retention, has the potential to favor the reception and processing of instructional content.

Are Age Differences Between Partners Related To Gender and Generations Among Middle-Aged And Older Asian Americans?

Previous research has shown that women who immigrate to the United States tend to partner with much older spouses. However, most studies have focused on young people and first-generations. Spousal age differences among older Asian Americans with different generations have not been well studied. Using data from the Annual Social and Economic Supplement survey (2013-2019), we employed the segmented assimilation theory to test 7,064 married middle-aged and older (50+) Asian Americans. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to understand the association between spousal age differences and individual background, including gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, generation, and marriage types. Of the 3,342 men, 20% were married to wives at least 6 years younger and 2% were married to wives at least 6 years older. Men who were Japanese or had inter-ethnical marriages were more likely to marry women at least 6 years older. Men who were Indian, Vietnamese, or having an interracial marriage were more likely to marry women at least 6 years younger. Of the 3,722 women, 3% were married to husbands at least six years younger and 19% were married to husbands at least six years older. Women who were Indian or Vietnamese were more likely to marry men at least six years older. Women who had a high school diploma or were third-plus generation were more likely to marry men at least 6 years younger. The findings reflect the complexity of Asian senior marriage and provide insight for policymakers to design new or improved social integration programs for senior immigrants.

Language change and persistence within Turkish mosques in Germany – Transnational ties and domestic demands

ABSTRACT Based on fieldwork done in two German states between 2018 and 2020, this article analyses linguistic changes and persistence within mosques established by Turkish immigrants. So far, few studies have focused directly on language as a key topic, including practical arrangements, preservation strategies and the consequences of both within local mosques. Germany constitutes an interesting example since unlike in the US, France or Britain, German Muslims – in particular the Turkish community­ – are more likely to retain their heritage language in mosques and families. Drawing on assimilation and diaspora theories, research on mosques in Europe and studies on transnationalism and bilingualism, the empirical analysis discusses whether mosques are custodians of heritage language and whether generational change leads to a shift from the heritage to host country's language usage within these institutions. Rather than being on a unidirectional pathway towards language assimilation, the investigation reveals complex and multi-layered negotiations between host country and heritage languages in relation to generational and organisational changes within these religious institutions. Hence, politicians and policymakers would be well-advised to take bilingualism and linguistic diversity more seriously, ensuring sustained communication with and appreciation for future generations of German Muslims, rather than insisting on monolingual assimilation.

Segmented assimilation as a mechanism to explain the dietary acculturation paradox

Latinos have disproportionately high rates of diet-related diseases which are associated with acculturation to the U.S. This negative shift in dietary quality is paradoxical in light of gains in income and education that would be expected to lead to better diet. We examined the extent to which the dietary acculturation paradox among Mexican Americans can be explained by segmented assimilation, a theory that considers how immigrants' and their descendants’ trajectories of integration are influenced by a complex interplay of individual, social, and structural factors. First, we performed confirmatory cluster analysis to identify three assimilation segments (classic, underclass, and selective) based on education, income, and an acculturation proxy derived from language, nativity, and time in the U.S. among Mexican-origin participants (N = 4475) of the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). These segments were then used as independent variables in linear regression models to estimate the relationship between cluster and dietary quality (assessed by the Health Eating Index (HEI)) and the interaction between cluster and gender, controlling for marital status. There were strong effects of cluster on dietary quality, consistent with hypotheses per segmented assimilation theory. The classic assimilation segment had the poorest diet, despite having higher income and education than the underclass segment. The selective segment had higher or similar dietary quality to the underclass segment. Consistent with expectations, this difference was driven by the relatively higher consumption of greens and beans and whole grains of those in the selective and underclass segments. Overall, women had better diets than men; however, the strongest gender contrast was in the underclass segment. This study advances understanding of dietary acculturation and potential disparities in diet-related health outcomes.

The academic aspiration of immigrant youths and their college graduation in young adulthood: A multilevel analysis of individual and contextual carry-over effects

Educational success of immigrant youths in young adulthood, e.g. college graduation, signifies them a milestone of upward mobility (Rumbaed, 2005, p.1043). In this study, I employed a representative sample of 3344 immigrant youths from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS) and investigated how individual and school-level academic aspirations of immigrant youths in early adolescence (Mage=14) contributed to their successful college graduation in young adulthood (Mage=24) through their development of academic aspiration in late adolescence (Mage= 17). Results found that, even accounting for structural factors proposed by the conventional assimilation perspective and segmented assimilation theory and pertinent background covariates at individual and school levels, development of immigrant youths’ individual- and school-level academic aspirations during adolescence significantly predicted their successful college graduation in young adulthood.

Social distance attitudes, educational mobility, and European ancestry groups in the post‐World‐War II United States

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the improvement of U.S. natives’ social distance attitudes toward Southern, Central, and Eastern (SCE) European ancestry groups in the post‐World‐War II United States, applying the idea that prejudice against these groups was due to racial/ethnic prejudice and social class prejudice.MethodsAnalyzing data from the Bogardus surveys and other published sources, the study tests the proposition that U.S. natives’ social distance attitudes toward SCE European ancestry groups improved because social class prejudice against these groups diminished as the groups’ educational attainment levels increased from the second‐ to third‐generations.ResultsContrary to modernization and classical assimilation theories, the favorable trend in U.S. natives’ social distance attitudes toward SCE European ancestry groups was unaffected by the groups’ intergenerational educational mobility.ConclusionThe decline in prejudice against SCE European ancestry groups in the postwar United States resulted from a decrease in racial/ethnic prejudice against these groups, independently of social class prejudice.

Trying to excel in the Golden State: anti-immigrant sentiment and immigrant educational achievement in California

ABSTRACT Anti-immigrant hostility continues to rise throughout multicultural societies. Building on segmented assimilation theory, in this manuscript I examine whether anti-immigrant sentiment might decrease school performance of immigrant children using the case of California, the state with the largest population of immigrants in the United States. I find a negative association between an increase in anti-immigrant sentiment at the community level and academic performance of immigrant students. This finding has broad implications for our understanding of immigrant educational experiences. It is also especially relevant at a time when multicultural societies are struggling to incorporate immigrants successfully into their economic, social, and political spheres.

AI-augmented HRM: Antecedents, assimilation and multilevel consequences

The current literature on the use of disruptive innovative technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) for human resource management (HRM) function, lacks a theoretical basis for understanding. Further, the adoption and implementation of AI-augmented HRM, which holds promise for delivering several operational, relational and transformational benefits, is at best patchy and incomplete. Integrating the technology, organisation and people (TOP) framework with core elements of the theory of innovation assimilation and its impact on a range of AI-Augmented HRM outcomes, or what we refer to as (HRM(AI)), this paper develops a coherent and integrated theoretical framework of HRM(AI) assimilation. Such a framework is timely as several post-adoption challenges, such as the dark side of processual factors in innovation assimilation and system-level factors, which, if unattended, can lead to the opacity of AI applications, thereby affecting the success of any HRM(AI). Our model proposes several testable future research propositions for advancing scholarship in this area. We conclude with implications for theory and practice.

Harnessing the Potential of Artificial Intelligence to Foster Citizens’ Satisfaction: An empirical study on India

Governments are increasingly employing artificial intelligence (AI) enabled services though this is still a relatively new concept that is in nascent stages of implementation. Despite growing emphasis by governments on employing AI-enabled services, many citizens are skeptical of their benefits; this makes an analysis of AI-enabled services an important area of research, especially from the perspective of citizens. This paper employs IT assimilation theory and public value theory to develop a theoretical model that examines whether the introduction of AI-enabled services would generate public value for citizens in India. The model employs the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to examine how risk factors impact the uptake of AI-enabled services in India. Based on 315 interviews conducted in India, the study highlights that the breadth and depth assimilation of AI-enabled services positively impacts and enhances the satisfaction of citizens, which in turn generates public value.

Immigrants’ earnings and neighbourhood economic wealth: the conditioning role of citizenship

ABSTRACT Do higher earnings translate into better living conditions for immigrants? While spatial assimilation theory argues that residential patterns reflect economic assimilation, place stratification theory states that immigrants face structural obstacles in their search for better housing, including housing market discrimination. Existing scholarship does not facilitate distinguishing between these contrasting perspectives as analyses typically compare across immigrant groups and natives. By contrast, we focus in this paper on legal status discrimination within the immigrant population in the Netherlands, by testing whether citizenship acquisition provides a positive signal towards housing market actors and moderates the effect of income on residential mobility. We analyse this relation using administrative microdata and using fixed-effects models to control for selection into naturalisation due to unobserved time-invariant heterogeneity. We find that the relation between income gains and immigrants' propensity to live in wealthier neighbourhoods is stronger for naturalised immigrants. These results corroborate the place stratification argument and suggest that naturalisation may help reduce nationality based discrimination.

A data assimilation framework that uses the Kullback-Leibler divergence.

The process of integrating observations into a numerical model of an evolving dynamical system, known as data assimilation, has become an essential tool in computational science. These methods, however, are computationally expensive as they typically involve large matrix multiplication and inversion. Furthermore, it is challenging to incorporate a constraint into the procedure, such as requiring a positive state vector. Here we introduce an entirely new approach to data assimilation, one that satisfies an information measure and uses the unnormalized Kullback-Leibler divergence, rather than the standard choice of Euclidean distance. Two sequential data assimilation algorithms are presented within this framework and are demonstrated numerically. These new methods are solved iteratively and do not require an adjoint. We find them to be computationally more efficient than Optimal Interpolation (3D-Var solution) and the Kalman filter whilst maintaining similar accuracy. Furthermore, these Kullback-Leibler data assimilation (KL-DA) methods naturally embed constraints, unlike Kalman filter approaches. They are ideally suited to systems that require positive valued solutions as the KL-DA guarantees this without need of transformations, projections, or any additional steps. This Kullback-Leibler framework presents an interesting new direction of development in data assimilation theory. The new techniques introduced here could be developed further and may hold potential for applications in the many disciplines that utilize data assimilation, especially where there is a need to evolve variables of large-scale systems that must obey physical constraints.

PELAKSANAAN ASIMILASI NARAPIDANA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS II KOTABUMI

The assimilation of prisoners must meet certain conditions first which are not regulated in the Correctional Law based on article 14 paragraph (2) which reads that the provisions regarding the requirements and procedures for the implementation of the rights of prisoners as referred to in paragraph (1) shall be further regulated by regulation. The government. The problem in this research is how the assimilation of prisoners in the Class IIa Correctional Institution in Kotabumi is carried out and how is the responsibility of prisoners who receive assimilation. The approach used in this study is an empirical approach, which is an approach that is carried out by conducting direct research to collect all information related to this research, either by interviewing related parties, or by careful observation of the object of research. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the Implementation of Prisoners' Assimilation at the Class IIa Penitentiary in Kotabumi, the implementation of an assimilation program for prisoners is needed, looking at Article 7 of the Universal. The implementation of the assimilation program at the Class II a Kotabumi Penitentiary has been running according to applicable procedures and is legal according to law, and from several assimilation theories and the responsibility of prisoners who receive assimilation. According to Article 1 point 4 of the Correctional Law, the role of the Correctional Institution is responsible for all existing prisoner assimilation programs, both in terms of supervision, data collection, and social sanctions carried out by assimilation prisoners who act again within the community itself. The author's suggestion is to carry out assimilation with third parties, this is more effectively done than only in the prison environment. Prisoners who assimilate with third parties will meet more with the community, in contrast to assimilation in the prison environment which only meets visitors and the surrounding community. Assimilation with third parties can be done in Islamic boarding schools, to deepen religious knowledge.

The occupational attainment and job security of immigrant children in Spain

ABSTRACT Little is known about the labour market integration of immigrants who arrived in Spain at an early age. Using longitudinal data from the Spanish LFS (2008–2016) we find that other things being equal the occupational attainment of Latin American, Eastern European and African 1.5-generation immigrants is similar to that of natives both for men and women. First-generation immigrants, however, suffer a persistent disadvantage even after controlling for sociodemographic factors and, importantly, time in the labour market. We also find that social class position does not protect equally against job loss, with a larger immigrant penalty at the bottom of the occupational structure. We find two different explanations for this depending on migration status. For the 1.5 generation, the higher risk of job loss across occupational groups is explained by compositional differences; while for the first generation, particularly men, it is explained by structural factors such as its persistent concentration over time in more vulnerable economic sectors and fixed-term contracts. Our findings confirm, in line with assimilation theory, that the 1.5 generation achieves better outcomes than the first in the Spanish labour market, likely due to their more favourable entry conditions into employment.

Navigating to the Top in an Egalitarian Welfare State: Institutional Opportunity Structures of Second-generation Social Mobility

A large body of work has demonstrated the substantial intergenerational mobility experienced by children of immigrants, yet the institutional determinants of incorporation are poorly understood. Building on insights from neo-classical assimilation theory, this article analyzes in-depth interviews with 62 high-achieving children of labor immigrants from Pakistan, Turkey, India, and Morocco and investigates how they maneuvered through Norway’s educational system and reached their current positions as medical doctors, lawyers, and business professionals. We show that these children of immigrants from low-income households capitalized on a series of institutional opportunity structures provided by Norway’s egalitarian welfare state, such as a school system with high standardization and low stratification, free higher education, and a cultural and institutional context that supports women’s employment. In line with neo-classical assimilation theory, we argue that the specific institutional structures and cultural beliefs in the Norwegian context shape the strategies and forms of adaptation chosen by ethnic minority groups. However, our analyses suggest the need for careful consideration of how such strategies and adaptations vary across national contexts.

Perceptions of success among working-class children of immigrants in three cities

This article examines the subjective understanding of success among members of three groups of children of immigrants from Mexico, North Africa and Turkey, in Dallas, Paris and Berlin respectively, by accounting for their educational and early labor market experiences. We utilize neo-assimilation and segmented assimilation theories and highlight their divergence with regards to downward assimilation and frames of reference. We focus on the working-class children of immigrants in the three settings, as they are at the highest risk of downward mobility. We find that frames of reference play a significant role in shaping the subjective understandings of success among the three groups. Despite their disadvantaged position, Mexican Americans in Dallas regard their experiences as successful given their significant departure from their parents’ low status. French North Africans in Paris, on the other hand, emphasize their limited ability to overcome the restrictions imposed on them by French society and especially schools. Doing so, they compare themselves to their French peers who do not have an immigrant background. Children of immigrants from Turkey in Berlin, by comparison, encounter labor market discrimination but feel successful relative to their parents’ generation. We find that the children of immigrants in our study rely on members of their social networks who impact their labor market experiences as their frame of reference. When they compare themselves to their parents or earlier waves of immigrants, the children of immigrants perceive their accomplishments in a positive light. When they compare themselves to mainstream society, however, they emphasize persisting inequalities. Our conclusions emphasize the importance of understanding subjective experiences of success and mobility that have been largely ignored in the migration literature.

Race, ethnicity, and the incorporation experiences of Hmong American young adults: insights from a mixed-method, longitudinal study

ABSTRACT Through the lens of racialized incorporation, this paper draws upon three decades of surveys and interviews to analyze the initial experiences of young adult Hmong migrants in the United States. The first part describes the aspirations and understandings of these young adults as adolescents (circa 1989–1994). Early in resettlement, they, like their parents, stressed education and mobility; however, in contrast to traditional assimilation theory and model minority stereotypes, their aspirations were oriented toward family, traditions, and ethnic identification. The second section (2002–2007) documents how they came to embrace a distinctive bicultural identity during the transition to adulthood even as they became increasingly aware of its tenuousness, the constraints of racism, and their own complicated place in American racial hierarchies. Focused on ethnic identity and the complexity of racialization, the Hmong case provides the foundation for theorizing varied patterns of incorporation and the value of multi-method, life-course approaches.

Crossing Social Boundaries in an Immigration Context: Exogamy and Gendered Employment Patterns in Unions in Germany

We study gendered employment patterns in unions by focusing on the role of exogamy for non-migrants in Germany. Classical assimilation theory has studied such mixed migrant-non-migrant unions mainly with a focus on the members of ethnic minorities. However, this perspective neglects the question of the social consequences of exogamy for the members of the majority group. We aim to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the association of being in a mixed union and the employment patterns of the couple. Our theoretical considerations and working hypotheses are derived from modernization theories, welfare state and labor market theories, gender studies, and social boundary-crossing frameworks. Drawing on the scientific use file of the German Microcensus of 2013, our sample consists of 44,499 non-migrant men (about 7% of whom are in a mixed union with a migrant) and 43,722 non-migrant women (about 5% of whom are in a mixed union). We estimate multinomial logistic regression models. We conclude that the persistent disadvantage for immigrants on the labor market in Germany shapes the gendered employment patterns of their unions, which, in turn, affect the members of the majority population. For non-migrant men, exogamy is associated with a re-traditionalization of employment patterns, whereby a man is more likely to be the main earner if he is in an exogamous union than if he is in an endogamous union. For non-migrant women, by contrast, we find evidence of a role reversal in exogamous unions, whereby the woman is more likely to be the main earner.

Review Essay: Comparing Demographic and Sociological Imaginations

Paul Spoonley’s wide-ranging survey of what he sees as new local population challenges is described and assessed. This is followed by an examination of Richard Alba’s critical analysis of how the misuse of demographic statistics influenced recent American political upheavals and distorts an understanding of ethno-relations in the United States. Whether his theory of new non-zero assimilation can be applied to New Zealand is then tentatively explored. Finally, some reflections on the relationship between demography and sociology and the enduring dangers of categoricalism are presented.

Dimensions of Migrant Integration in Western Europe.

The integration of immigrant minorities is a major concern for diverse societies–with major implications for the well-being of those affected, social cohesion and group relations, and economic and social progress. In this paper, we give a comprehensive description of long-term migrant integration in Western Europe to investigate theories of migrant assimilation and integration. We take a multidimensional approach, looking at 10 indicators measuring social, structural, political, civic and cultural integration. We take an innovative approach to measuring minority background by using two complementary measures: generational status, distinguishing first and second-generation migrants from the third and higher up ‘natives,’ and self-reported ancestry, separating those with autochthonous-only ancestry from those with various kinds of allochthonous ancestry. Using interaction effects between these measures, we can test whether generational change is faster or slower for some ethnic groups than for others, i.e. whether different groups integrate at differing speeds. Using the pooled samples of all Western European countries included in the European Social Survey rounds 7 and 8, we run multivariate regression analyses to estimate the effects of migrant background on the 10 indicators of integration. Compared to migrants with autochthonous ancestry, respondents of Middle Eastern, North African & Central Asian as well as Sub-Saharan African ancestry are less integrated on all dimensions of integration except the political and civic ones. The South & South-East Asian group is also substantially less assimilated socially and culturally, but not so much structurally. They are closely followed by the South East and East European groups, following the same pattern except that the latter are less integrated politically as well. We only find substantial interaction effects between ethnic group and migrant generation for two integration indicators, namely citizenship and homophobia, for which speed of integration thus appears to differ across ethnic groups. For all other indicators, integration speed does not appear to differ across ethnic groups, supporting straight line assimilation theory, with social integration in terms of interethnic friendship potentially rather following a ‘bumpy-line’ pattern.

A formação conceitual sob a perspectiva teórica de Vygotsky, Leontiev e Galperin

Este trabalho apresenta uma resenha do livro: “Vygotsky, Leontiev e Galperin: formação de conceitos e princípios didáticos”. O livro foi escrito por Isauro Beltrán Núñez e abrange a formação de conceitos na perspectiva teórica de Vygotsky, Leontiev e Galperin, apresentando uma descrição dos princípios didáticos assumidos a partir da análise da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, Teoria da Atividade e Teoria da Assimilação. Para isso, foi apresentado o itinerário formativo das teorias propostas por Vygotsky, Leontiev e Galperin destacando os aspectos em que elas se complementam e divergem. Portanto, o autor evidenciou a relevância do planejamento didático com enfoque na Teoria da Assimilação em articulação com as etapas da Atividade Histórico-Cultural para a prática docente e aprendizagem. Por fim, buscou-se instigar o leitor a refletir na possibilidade de articular as concepções de Galperin com outras teorias socioculturais como, por exemplo, a Teoria da Objetivação de Luis Radford, a qual tem muitas implicações no ensino de Ciências e Matemática vislumbrando, dessa maneira, sua extensão a outras áreas de conhecimento.