Asperger Research Articles

The Comorbidity of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Mood Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are often diagnosed with at least one or more accompanying disorders. Most studies reported prevalence of the psychiatric comorbidities among these individuals; however, the incidence of developing comorbidities is unclear. This study used Taiwan's claims database and aimed to investigate the incidence of developing major psychiatric comorbidities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and whether the incidence was moderated by gender, autism-spectrum disorder subtypes, and autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions. A total of 3,837 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (2,929 autistic disorder, 447 Asperger syndrome, 461 pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified) and 38,370 comparison subjects, who were matched by age and gender, were included. The incidences of schizophrenia spectrum, bipolar, and major depressive disorders was examined. The results showed that the incidences of schizophrenia spectrum (9.7 per 1,000 person-year), bipolar disorder (7.0 per 1,000 person-year), and major depressive disorder (3.2 per 1,000 person-year) were significantly higher than the comparison group across all three subtypes of autism-spectrum disorder. Individuals with pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified had higher risk for major depressive disorder than autistic disorder. Females with Asperger syndrome had significant higher risk for schizophrenia spectrum than males. The comorbidity rate dramatically dropped when the autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions were taken into account. Our findings suggested that the incidences of major psychiatric comorbidities were higher in autism spectrum disorder and influenced by autism subtypes, gender, and autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions. LAY SUMMARY: We examined whether people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher incidence of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depression using a large claims database. The results showed the incidences of these mental illness among individual with ASD were significantly higher than those without ASD. In addition, the incidences were influenced by autism subtypes, gender, and comorbid neurodevelopmental conditions.

What Motivates Internet Users to Search for Asperger Syndrome and Autism on Google?

Social campaigns are carried out to promote autism spectrum disorder (ASD) awareness, normalization, and visibility. The internet helps to shape perceptions of Asperger syndrome and autism. In fact, these campaigns often coincide with the increase in searches for both diagnoses on Google. We have two study objectives: to use Google Trends to identify the annual time points from 2015 to 2019 with the highest Google search traffic in Spain for the terms “autism” and “Asperger”, and to identify news and trending topics related to ASD that took place during the weeks with the highest number of Google searches for these terms. Google Trend, MyNews and Trendinalia were used to analyze the volume of searches and trending topics related to ASD. As a result, social marketing campaigns, social networks and the publication of news items act as powerful voices that can provide a realistic or sensationalist picture of the disorder. For this reason, we concluded that campaigns play an important role in the normalization of ASD, and that it is important for organizations concerned with the visibility and social inclusion of people with ASD to check the way ASD is portrayed through the internet, media, and social networks.

Palmitato de Paliperidona num Adulto com Síndrome de Asperger

A síndrome de Asperger éuma perturbação caraterizada pelo compromisso da interação social e um padrão de comportamentos estereotipados. Estes incluem comportamentos repetitivos, irritabilidade, agressividade, hiperatividade e desatenção. O tratamento dos sintomas comportamentais constitui um desafio, com escassos estudos acerca da eficácia das diferentes abordagens terapêuticas. Este artigo é a primeira descrição do uso bem‑sucedido de palmitato de paliperidona mensal no tratamento de sintomas comportamentais num adulto com síndrome de Asperger.

SELECTED ASPECTS OF STUDENTS’ SCHOOL SITUATION WITH ASPERGER’S SYNDROME

The article attempts to indicate the complex school situation often marked by failure in learning of students with Asperger’s syndrome. The specificity of this disorder conditions the child’s functioning as a student. Therefore, attention was drawn to the characteristic features that determine the behavior profile of a person with AS, e.g. unusual language skills, impairment of social skills, inadequate emotional reactions, sensory hypersensitivity, impaired motor coordination, special interests, unusual orientation of cognitive skills. The personality profile of a child with Asperger syndrome outlined in the article may be a source of potential difficulties and failures in learning that have been subjected to synthetic analysis and interpretation

Visual thinking en personas con Síndrome de Asperger. Un caso de estudio

El artículo presenta algunos de los resultados obtenidos en la tesis doctoral “Pedagogía de la Posibilidad. Estudio narrativo sobre el proceso educativo y resiliente de dos personas diagnosticadas de Síndrome de Asperger”. A partir de dieciséis entrevistas individuales y seis grupales se han construido los relatos de vida de Isabel y Emmit, los cuales nos revelan sus habilidades cognitivas vinculadas al pensamiento visual y a la creatividad. Los relatos nos muestran la importancia que ha tenido en sus respectivas trayectorias vitales, educativas y profesionales la capacidad de “pensar en imágenes” para memorizar información, aprender, entender emociones y comprender conceptos abstractos y dobles sentidos. Entender la importancia que las imágenes tienen para las personas diagnosticadas con síndrome de Asperger interpela a los docentes a utilizar en las escuelas estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje más visuales.

Desempeño Intelectual en el Síndrome de Asperger

El propósito de este artículo fue determinar el desempeño de 25 niños y adolescentes con Síndrome de Asperger (SA) y autismo de alto funcionamiento (AAF) en tareas manipulativas y verbales, lo cual puede constituir un marcador clínico sensible en la diferenciación de subtipos de los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA). El perfil intelectual de los participantes se analizó a través de la Escala Wechsler de Inteligencia (WISC-IV). Este estudio permitió identificar cambios en el funcionamiento intelectual, verbal, perceptual, memoria y velocidad de procesamiento entre los grupos AS y AAF. Así mismo, supuso un avance en la evaluación de marcadores subclínicos distintivos dentro del SA involucrados en el desempeño cognitivo, lo cual remodela procesos de evaluación e intervención en este tipo de población.

First Alarm and Time of Diagnosis in Autism Spectrum Disorders

ABSTRACT Early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of paramount importance as it opens the road to early intervention, which is associated with better prognosis. However, early diagnosis is often delayed until preschool or school age. The purpose of the current retrospective study was to explore the age of recognition of first alarming symptoms in boys and girls as well as the age at diagnosis of different subtypes of ASD in a small sample. A total of 128 parents’ of children with ASDs were participated in the survey by completing a self-report questionnaire about early signs and symptoms that raised their concern. Parents of children with autism voiced concerns earlier and obtained diagnosis significantly earlier compared to parents of children with Asperger syndrome (p value <0.000). No significant difference (p value<0.05) has been detected between males and females in early manifestation of first signs and symptoms of ASD. The mean age at diagnosis was 3.8 years for autistic disorder, 6.2 years for children with Asperger syndrome and 6.4 years for other, e.g., PDD-NOS. The most commonly reported symptoms were speech and language problems (p value = 0.001) for children who were later diagnosed with autism, while behavior problems (p value = 0.046) as well as difficulties in education at school (p value = 0.013) for children with Asperger syndrome. The gap between early identification and diagnosis pinpoints the urgent need for national systematic early screening, the development of reliable and sensitive diagnostic instruments for infants and toddlers and heightened awareness of early signs of ASD among parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals and providers as well.

Neuromarketing Highlights in How Asperger Syndrome Youth Perceive Advertising.

This study examines how advertising material and brands related to organizational communication are perceived by people with Asperger syndrome, a form of autism. The main objective of the study was to understand whether the perception of advertising differs between individuals with AS and a neurotypical population. Neuromarketing techniques were used to examine two key variables, attention and emotion, which were also measured by physiological and biometric variables. The results were compared with those of a control group from a neurotypical population; i.e., participants who had not been diagnosed with any type of developmental disorder. Commercial advertisements were the preferred material used in this research although social-themed advertisements were also included, some produced by commercial companies and others by institutional advertisers (NGOs and foundations). Qualitative techniques were also used to explain the observed phenomena. Data revealed significant differences between the two groups in their perception of advertising and organizational communication with respect to attention and emotion variables.

CHANGES IN THE LIFE OF THE MAIN CHARACTER AS A PERSON WITH ASPERGER’S SYNDROME IN KATHRYN ERSKINE’S MOCKINGBIRD

The main topic in this research is changes in the main character as a person with Asperger's syndrome in Kathryn Erskine’s Mockingbird. The process of this research involves the whole story, intrinsic elements: character and characterization, conflict, and setting. This qualitative research is supported by descriptive analysis method and library research technique that shows the main character as a person with Asperger's syndrome can experience character changes even though the research states that person with this syndrome is quite difficult to progress in terms of social interaction. A person with asperger syndrome has a persistent nature, but gradually the main character is able to pass through all the processes of change in her life. Keywords: character changes; asperger syndrome; main character.

HAI: An Instructional Motion Graphic of How to Interact with People with Autism for Grade Schoolers

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is known as ‘triad impairment’ which consists of communication, interaction, and behaviour problem. They also exhibit hypersensitivities or hyposensitivities to physical sensory stimuli which affect the processing system to be overloaded and cause an uncomfortable feeling or pain. Their reactions then trigger some particular behaviors, which are considered aggressive, harmful, repetitive, and odd. The main problem is most people judge and avoid them solely based on their actions without any effort to find out the reason and learn how to interact with them properly. This one-sided stereotype most probably leads them and their family to emotional insecurities, lack of self-esteem, and rebellious tendency. While this kind of situation is mostly centralized, institutionalized, and deep rooted in society, it can be reconditioned through a small step by teaching people since their early age the appropriate way to interact with people with autism. It is essential to realize that each individual with autism is first and foremost an individual who should not be treated as invisible in society. In order to facilitate this idea, I offer HAI: An Instructional Motion Graphic of How to Interact with People with Autism for Grade Schoolers which consists of several illustrated empirical steps which can be applied in school. The instructions are suitable to interact with several specific types of ASD, such as Classic Autism and Asperger syndrome, by reason of the severity of the symptoms which enables them to live relatively normal lives in society. In other words, the main objective of this project is to encourage and assist people, especially grade schoolers to have short conversation or simple interaction with their autistic friends through practical and proper set of actions. Throughout this project, sequential exploratory design method was implemented by combining qualitative and quantitative method in the process.

Syndrome d’Asperger avec Haut Potentiel Intellectuel : le camouflage à l’origine des diagnostics tardifs ?

BackgroundThe mission of our “Centre de référence des troubles du spectre autistique” is to evaluate children and adolescents for whom there is a suspicion of autistic spectrum disorder through a multidisciplinary diagnostic assessment. We encounter cases of patients presenting both Asperger syndrome and High Intellectual Potential. Those patients are frequently older than the norm. The objectives of our study are to understand the reasons leading to a late diagnosis for these patients and to question the value of giving such a diagnosis to children aged from eight to 18 years old. MethodsWe carried out a retrospective study based on the analysis of clinical files from patients presenting both AS and HIP, aged between eight and 18 years old. These patients were all previously seen in our center for a multidisciplinary diagnostic assessment. We analyzed several items from their clinical reports, such as the moment of and the motivation for the assessment; the person(s) asking for the assessment; the possible previous diagnosis; the evident and subtle characteristics of Asperger syndrome present in the speech, neuropsychological, and psychological (ADOS and projective tests) evaluations; psychomotricity; IQ score; the patients’ integration into their peer groups; and the possible associated psychiatric issues. ResultsWe examined the files of 17 subjects presenting both Asperger syndrome and High Intellectual Potential profiles, aged between eight and 18 years old. The results show that autistic traits are more easily observed during the ADOS test and the informal assessments rather than during the other standardized analysis. We also noticed the importance of the clinical intuition and experience of the examiner. DiscussionWe propose to extend the notion of “camouflage” strategies, previously used to describe women with Asperger syndrome, to children and adolescents presenting both an Asperger syndrome and a High Intellectual Potential profile. Their particularly high IQ could allow these patients to compensate for or to hide some of their impairments. ConclusionThe results seem to confirm our hypothesis, which is that thanks to their high intellectual functioning, patients presenting both AS and HIP profiles manage to compensate for or to camouflage some of their difficulties related to social adaptation and communication. Therefore, their impairment appears more subtle, leading to a late diagnosis. The quality of these camouflage strategies could depend on a high IQ score. For the future, it would be interesting to compare these results to a population of patients with AS and a normal IQ, in order to more clearly perceive the impact of IQ on camouflage strategies.

A de novo frameshift pathogenic variant in TBR1 identified in autism without intellectual disability

BackgroundIn order to be able to provide accurate genetic counseling to patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), it is crucial to identify correlations between heterogeneous phenotypes and genetic alterations. Among the hundreds of de novo pathogenic variants reported in ASD, single-nucleotide variations and small insertions/deletions were reported in TBR1. This gene encodes a transcription factor that plays a key role in brain development. Pathogenic variants in TBR1 are often associated with severe forms of ASD, including intellectual disability and language impairment.MethodsAdults diagnosed with ASD but without intellectual disability (diagnosis of Asperger syndrome, according to the DSM-IV) took part in a genetic consultation encompassing metabolic assessments, a molecular karyotype and the screening of a panel of 268 genes involved in intellectual disability, ASD and epilepsy. In addition, the patient reported here went through a neuropsychological assessment, structural magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements.ResultsHere, we report the case of a young adult male who presents with a typical form of ASD. Importantly, this patient presents with no intellectual disability or language impairment, despite a de novo heterozygous frameshift pathogenic variant in TBR1, leading to an early premature termination codon (c.26del, p.(Pro9Leufs*12)).ConclusionBased on this case report, we discuss the role of TBR1 in general brain development, language development, intellectual disability and other symptoms of ASD. Providing a detailed clinical description of the individuals with such pathogenic variants should help to understand the genotype-phenotype relationships in ASD.

Awareness of Asperger’s syndrome among College Students

To determine the awareness of Asperger's syndrome among college students. Asperger’s syndrome is a developmental disorder affecting ability to socialize and communicate. It is an autism spectrum. People affected with this syndrome have problems in understanding others point of view. People affected with this syndrome have intense focus on a particular area or subject. The symptoms of Asperger’s syndrome varies from behavioural aggression to depression. People affected with Asperger’s syndrome generally have higher brain functioning than others. This syndrome can be acquired during life time or from birth. There is neither particular diagnostic criteria nor treatment for this syndrome. It may sometimes last for life long. Preparation of self structured questions and circulated through online survey link-Google forms. From the results We can conclude that awareness of Asperger's syndrome among college students was good but it was often considered as autism which is a neurological disorder.

Treatment of insomnia in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

In 2013, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V) combined autism, Asperger's syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder into a single diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.1 Autism spectrum disorder has shown a steady increase in prevalence and was estimated to affect one in 54 children in the USA in 2016.2 Autism spectrum disorder has multiple genetic and non-genetic causes and is made up of a group of clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders sharing common features.

Sleep Disturbances in Patients with Asperger Syndrome Related to the Severity of their Symptoms

Patients with Asperger syndrome (AS) usually report sleep problems. The objective of this study was to compare the general sleep structure of children with Asperger syndrome to that displayed by healthy children through polysomnographic study. Sleep characteristics were compared to severity of AS symptoms. Two groups of children aged 8–12 years were studied, one group with AS patients and the other with healthy children. Results show that patients with AS had a significant increase in sleep latency, REM latency and a decrease in the number of REM sleep episodes. It was also observed that the AS patients exhibit a correlation between the fragmentation of sleep and the increase in the intensity of the AS symptoms. It is concluded that sleep latency, REM latency and number of episodes are affected in AS patients and the AS symptoms are related to sleep disturbances in patients.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Behavioral Problems and Medication Use Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders.

We examined racial and ethnic differences in the prevalence of behavioral problems measured by the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL), sleep disturbances measured by the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and medication use among children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). We analyzed data from the Autism Treatment Network (ATN) dataset for 2,576 children ages 6 to 18 years of age diagnosed with ASD. Multivariable logistic regression accounting for age, gender, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th Edition - Text Revision), diagnosis (Autistic Disorder, PDD-NOS, Asperger's Disorder), and parents' education did not show any racial or ethnic differences in behavioral challenges, conduct problems, or sleep disturbances for any of the groups, but Black children had lower odds of Total Problem Behaviors and Asian children had lower odds of Hyperactivity compared to White children. As a group, children from racial and ethnic minorities had lower odds of Total Problem Behaviors and Conduct Problems compared to White children. Hispanic children had lower odds of medication use for Behavioral Challenges, Total Problem Behaviors, Hyperactivity, and Conduct Problems. Asian children had lower odds of medication use for Behavioral Challenges, Total Problem Behaviors, and Hyperactivity; and had close to lower odds in medication use for Conduct Problems. Black children had lower odds for medication use for Total Problem Behaviors only. As a group, children from racial and ethnic minorities had lower odds for medication use for Behavioral Challenges, Total Problem Behaviors, Hyperactivity, and Conduct problems, but not for Sleep Disturbances. While these results are consistent with previous studies showing that White children are significantly more likely to receive psychotropic medication compared to children from racial and ethnic minority groups, we found no such differences for sleep challenges, suggesting that they are more consistently identified and equitably treated than other behavioral problems associated with ASD. We draw upon Andersen's (1995) Behavioral Model of Healthcare Use to suggest predisposing, enabling, and needs factors that may contribute to this pattern of racial and ethnic differences in the use of medications among children ASD.

Emotional Education in Early Onset Schizophrenia and Asperger's Syndrome.

In this study, we aim to verify how emotional training can improve empathy and theory of mind (ToM) in patients diagnosed with early onset schizophrenia and Asperger’s syndrome. The study design includes 100 subjects divided into two experimental groups and two control groups. The two experimental groups followed a rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) protocol. The two control groups instead underwent cognitive behavioral psychotherapy training. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to analyze the difference between the Asperger’s syndrome (AS) and early onset schizophrenia (EOS) groups, pre and post training. Our analysis shows that the AS group improved post emotional training but only when emotions were internalized, as demonstrated by the improvement of the scores in the post-treatment eye test (ET) but not in the emotional quotient (EQ) test. The EOS group instead showed post-training improvement, not only concerning skills leading to internalizing emotions but also in empathy, as demonstrated by the improvement of EQ and Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ) test scores. These scores remained lower than in the control group. Finally, our findings reveal that the value of the treatment was more considerable for the EOS group than for the AS group due to the improvement in first- and second-order ToM skills and an improvement of empathic skills in the first group, followed by the group comprising AS subjects. In the AS group, the treatment only favored the enhancement of first-order ToM skills; however, this improved quality of life and social adaptation.

Cure of Autistic Disorders: Mission Impossible is Possible in an Illustrated Pioneering Experience.

Background: Autistic disorders have become increasingly known as pervasive developmental disorders since the 1980s. They have been recently called autism spectrum disorder mostly by the American Psychiatric Association. They include five chronic disorders marked by early impairment in socialization, communication and behavior. There is no curative therapy or therapies for autistic disorders and they continue to be regarded as lifelong disorders. The aim of this paper is to describe our extensive experiences with treatment of autistic disorders with emphasis on the possibility of curing these disorders with a new therapeutic approach. Marked improvement or disappearance of autistic features in these disorders has not been reported with any therapy before. Materials and methods: During the period from December, 2017 to November, 2019, 116 patients with various autistic disorders were observed at the pediatric psychiatry clinic of the Teaching Hospital of Baghdad Medical City. 84 (72.4%) patients were males and 32 (28.6%) female’s patients were females. The patients’ ages ranged from two years to 16 years. The patients were from several provinces in Iraq including Baghdad, Saladdin, Najaf, Wassit, Kerbalaand Erbil in the North of Iraq). The patients were reported previously in several publications. All the patients had very poor speech development except the patients with Asperger syndrome. Most of the patients with a diagnosis other than Asperger syndrome were not saying any word and few patients were saying few words. Most patients were treated with a new therapeutic approach which included injectable cerebrolysin as the main therapeutic component. Marked improvement or disappearance of autistic features in these disorders has not been reported with any therapy before. The patients were treated with a new approach which aimed at improving the cardinal features of autistic disorders which include impairment of social interaction which is mostly manifested by poor responsiveness to their name and infrequent engagement with others manifested by poor eye contact and infrequently looking to faces. It was not possible to follow all the patients regularly nor was it possible to document details of the treatment and responses of all patients. Results: Almost all the patients treated with the new therapeutic approach experienced some improvement and lessening of the autistic features during the follow-up period. Treatment was also associated with initiation of speech and improvement of repetitive behaviors. It was possible to document complete disappearance of the main autistic features in twenty patients. It seems that the patients who achieved complete disappearance of the main autistic features will need an intensive learning especially of speech to abolish the effect of the time when they were under the effect of autistic behavior and to push them toward a possible cure of their illness. Conclusion: In this paper, we have demonstrated the possibility of cure of autistic disorders including autism and Asperger syndrome with use of individualized courses of intramuscular cerebrolysin as the main therapy for the main autistic features (Impaired social interaction and communication dominated by the lack of response to their name and poor eye contact). Understanding, a cure of autism will not immediately abolish the cumulative effect of the condition on learning, behavior and speech development before cure.

Brief Report: Public Awareness of Asperger Syndrome Following Greta Thunberg Appearances.

Thunberg's increased media attention coupled with her diagnosis-Asperger Syndrome (AS)-may foster help-seeking behaviors among those with similar psychiatric disorders. Using Google Trends data, we compared values of AS from the week of the UN Climate Summit through the end of the year compared to an ARIMA model predicting search interest had Thunberg not been in the media. The search trend for AS at peak was 254.07% higher than predicted and was on average 10.61 points above the projected model during this time. As the primary goal of AS intervention focuses on improving quality of life and preventing common comorbidities such as depression and anxiety, capitalizing on increased public interest in AS and help-seeking behaviors is imperative.

دراسة مقارنة لمهارة التواصل اللفظی لدی الأطفال ذوی اضطراب التوحد والأطفال ذوی متلازمة اسبرجر فی ضوء برنامج صن رایز SON –RISE A comparative study of verbal communication skill in children with autism and children with Asperger's syndrome considering the Son-rise program

هدفت هذه الدراسة الي تعريب برنامج صن رايز SON- RISE وقياس أثره على الأطفال الذاتويين والأطفال ذوي متلازمة اسبرجر، وقد تطلبت الدراسة قيام الباحثة بتعريب برنامج صن رايز SON- RISE، کما تطلبت الدراسة ايضا إعداد أداة الدراسة المتمثلة في مقياس مهارات للأطفال الذاتويين. وقد تکونت عينة الدراسة من 12 طفل ذاتوي و اسبرجر ويتم تقسيمهم إلي مجموعة تجريبية للأطفال الذاتويين ( وتشتمل علي 3 أطفال ) ويقابلها مجموعة ضابطة للأطفال الذاتويين ( وتشتمل علي 3 أطفال ) بالإضافة الي مجموعة تجريبية للأطفال ذوي متلازمة اسبرجر( وتشتمل علي 3 أطفال ) ويقابلها مجموعة ضابطة للأطفال ذوي متلازمة اسبرجر ( وتشتمل علي 3 أطفال ) وتتراوح أعمارهم من ( 3-9 ) سنوات ، ويتم تشخيص الاطفال الذاتويين من خلال الدليل التشخيصي الخامس للاضطرابات النفسية ويتم تشخيص الاطفال ذوي متلازمة اسبرجر من خلال مقياس تشخيص اضطراب اسبرجر(عبدالعزيز الشخص، 2015 ). وقد أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة فاعلية برنامج صن رايز SON- RISE للأطفال الذاتويين والأطفال ذوي متلازمة اسبرجر. This study aimed to Arabize the SON-RISE program and measure its impact on Children with autism disorder, children with Asperger's syndrome. The study required the researcher to Arabize the SON-RISE program. The study also required the preparation of the study tool represented in the Skills Scale for Children with autism disorder. The study sample consisted of 12 children with autism spectrum disorder and Asperger, and they were divided into an experimental group for children with autism spectrum disorder (which includes 3 children) and corresponding to a control group for children with autism spectrum disorder (including 3 children) in addition to an experimental group for children with autism Asperger's (which includes 3 children) and corresponding to it is a control group for children with Asperger's syndrome (and includes 3 children) whose ages range from (3-9) years. Autonomous children are diagnosed through the Fifth Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders and children with Asperger's syndrome are diagnosed through the scale Diagnosis of Asperger's Disorder (Elshakhs Abdelaziz, 2015). The results of this study showed the effectiveness of the SON-RISE program for children with autism spectrum disorder and children with Asperger's syndrome.