Aspects Of Student Learning Research Articles

Implications of the Theory of Coherence, Correspondence and Pragmatism of Truth for Education


 
 
 
 Education plays a central role in shaping individuals and society. One important aspect in the formation of character and knowledge is truth. Truth is a complex concept and gives rise to various philosophical perspectives, including coherence, correspondence, and pragmatism. Recent research in the field of epistemology and philosophy of education highlights the implications of truth based on the three perspectives on the education system. Truth itself can be obtained through sensory knowledge, intellectual knowledge, intuitive knowledge. What is true for one person may not be true for another person. Therefore, a measure or criterion of truth is needed. Scientific truth does not come suddenly, scientific truth will emerge after being processed using scientific mechanisms as well. So scientific truth is a truth whose validity has been tested, both logically and empirically, so that it has a strong basis to be considered true, as long as it is not invalidated by other scientific truths that are more reliable. Based on the explanation above, the research aims to investigate how the concept of truth, when understood through the lenses of coherence, correspondence, and pragmatism, can shape and influence the education system. By understanding the implications of truth in the educational context, we can improve the effectiveness of teaching, curriculum and evaluation, and shape humans into critical and empowered individuals. The method used in this writing is a literature study, which is then tested to obtain credible findings. then this research is presented in narrative - descriptive form. Collecting data by using accredited books and journals as reading material. Conclusion Truth is something that is correct or in accordance with existing data facts. The implications of correspondence, coherence, and pragmatics theories in educational contexts can influence various aspects of student learning, communication, and understanding.
 
 
 

Insights into teachers’ perceptions of parental involvement as a predictor of educational inequity

ABSTRACT For many decades, parental involvement (PI) has been discussed as an important variable in students’ development. However, those concerned with educational policy, practice, and research have traditionally helped perpetuate the well-known and undisputed narrative of the ‘parents who care’ who are actively involved in all aspects of student learning. Drawing on quantitative and qualitative data from a total of 485 teachers working at Austrian schools, the current study aims to contribute to a recently growing research paradigm that challenges traditional understandings of PI that are biased toward families who adhere to expected behaviours of home and school involvement and academic socialisation. The results suggest that primary and secondary teachers’ ratings of PI differ between diverse students and at different school levels. Moreover, participants’ explanations for disparities in PI between students align with a deficit-oriented, narrow understanding of PI, aimed at middle-class families that cling to traditional activities of PI.

A CURE on the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Improves Student Conceptual Understanding.

We developed labs on the evolution of antibiotic resistance to assess the costs and benefits of replacing traditional laboratory exercises in an introductory biology course for majors with a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE). To assess whether participating in the CURE imposed a cost in terms of exam performance, we implemented a quasi-experiment in which four lab sections in the same term of the same course did the CURE labs, while all other students did traditional labs. To assess whether participating in the CURE impacted other aspects of student learning, we implemented a second quasi-experiment in which all students either did traditional labs over a two-quarter sequence or did CURE labs over a two-quarter sequence. Data from the first experiment showed minimal impact on CURE students' exam scores, while data from the second experiment showed that CURE students demonstrated a better understanding of the culture of scientific research and a more expert-like understanding of evolution by natural selection. We did not find disproportionate costs or benefits for CURE students from groups that are minoritized in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

Responding Sociologically: Using Attributional Processes to Promote Student Confidence and Sense of Mastery in Sociology Courses

Student motivation, confidence, and perceived control are of key interest to sociology instructors seeking to develop pedagogical techniques that increase student engagement. However, attribution research suggests that strengthening these aspects of student learning can be challenging if students attribute academic outcomes to factors over which they have little control, as this can weaken students’ motivation and sense of mastery. In this study, I examine an “exam wrapper” survey and discussion exercise that draws upon attributional processes to contextualize learning as influenced by broader social forces. Student responses to this survey exercise detail the attributions students made for academic outcomes and suggest this activity may be effective at promoting student confidence, motivation, and sense of mastery. This exercise fosters a sociological understanding of individual attributions and academic achievement that empowers students to feel more in control of their learning within the structural and educational contexts in which learning occurs.

Tutoring in Higher Education during COVID-19: Lessons from a Private University’s Transition to Remote Learning

ABSTRACT The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on curricular aspects of student learning is already widely studied. However, fewer data exist for its impact on the efficacy of remote academic support. This case study summarizes the findings from a remote tutoring experience questionnaire completed during the Fall 2020 semester by tutors and tutees at a private, R2 university in the United States of America. Our findings are cause for optimism. Technology and physical and emotional wellbeing did not present formidable barriers; tutoring continued to promote student social integration; and the quality of remote tutoring was comparable to that of in-person tutoring. Nevertheless, specific areas faced greater barriers, particularly academic support for math-related tutoring and freshman social integration.

Perceptions of Hong Kong secondary school teachers on effective pedagogical practices for curriculum reform: a multi-group analysis

ABSTRACT This study examined the perceptions of two groups of teachers, namely Secondary 3 and Secondary 6, regarding effective pedagogical practices in relation to curriculum reform. A total of 1,215 teachers from 91 secondary schools participated in the study. Collaborative inquiry, instructional strategy and catering for learner diversity were conceived as the three most effective pedagogical practices for implementation of the reforms while seven perceived student learning outcomes were also identified. Further multi-group analyses supported invariance between the two teacher groups in their perceptions of student learning when applying the three pedagogical practices in the classrooms. Results of path analyses revealed that Secondary 6 teachers viewed collaborative inquiry as having a significant effect on all aspects of student learning, but such impacts were not seen as very likely in the view of Secondary 3 teachers. On the contrary, Secondary 3 teachers conceived instructional strategy as the most effective way to enhance student learning. Catering for learner diversity had a positive association with various aspects of student learning in the view of both teacher groups. The study concludes with the implication for enhancing professional development of teachers.

VR Simulation Leads to Enhanced Procedural Confidence for Surgical Trainees

Active learning techniques result in greater knowledge acquisition compared to passive methods. For medical students with limited hands-on operative experiences, virtual reality platforms represent active learning and may enhance procedural training. We hypothesize that virtual reality simulators like Toolkit for Illustration of Procedures in Surgery (TIPS) are a more effective modality in teaching laparoscopic surgical techniques to medical students when compared to passive learning tools like videos. In this crossover study, participants were randomly assigned to perform either a TIPS laparoscopic appendectomy followed by video of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, or video of a laparoscopic appendectomy followed by TIPS laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A knowledge assessment followed each intervention. A postsurvey was used to gather feedback and subjective impressions of the learning experience. University of Central Florida College of Medicine. Second, third, and fourth-year medical students (n = 37). Validation of the content assessments revealed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.73). A 2-tailed Fisher's exact test revealed that the video had greater ease of use (p = 0.032), but TIPS had greater utility as a learning tool (p < 0.001) and instilled greater confidence in the ability to reproduce procedural steps (p < 0.001). A 2-tailed t test of the average content quiz scores revealed no significant difference in percentage correct between groups on the laparoscopic appendectomy quiz (p = 0.772), but a difference favoring video learning on the laparoscopic cholecystectomy quiz (p = 0.042) CONCLUSIONS: Video and TIPS both enhanced different aspects of student learning; however, the active TIPS platform produced greater confidence in the ability to reproduce the steps of the procedure and had greater utility as a learning strategy. Videos are simple to use and can serve a complementary role in curriculum design.

Teacher’s Support and Student Involvement in Learning Activities on Enhancing Student Academic Achievement

This study aims to identify the level of teachers’ support and the involvement of students in learning activities to improve academic achievement of high school students. Teachers’ support refers to teaching activities in the classroom. Student involvement is seen from the aspect of student learning in the classroom. The conceptual framework of the study combines two theories and a model which are the theory or model of the human ecological system (Bronfenbrenner, 1979), social capital theory (Robert and Putnam, 2000) and aspiration model of the Malaysian Education System in the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013–2025 (2013). This study is a survey using questionnaire for information. The sample was chosen randomly, involving a total of 200 form four students in Negeri Sembilan. The whole construct is at a high level of reliability of 0.926. This study uses descriptive analysis of mean and standard deviation using Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 24. The results show that teachers’ support and student involvement in classroom learning activities are at moderate level. The implication of the study found that teachers and the school need to increase their efforts, programs and activities in improving student academic achievement.

LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, STUDENTS’ BELIEFS, AND SELF-REGULATION IN LEARNING PHYSICS: STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING

Studies of correlations between students’ beliefs and various aspects of student learning become one of the fastest growing research areas in the field of education and psychology. The aim of the current research was to analyze the correlations between learning environments, students' beliefs, and self-regulation in learning physics through structural equation modeling (SEM). There were 1010 students from the existing five public high schools in Jambi city, Indonesia, participating in the research. Three self-report questionnaires including (1) WIHIC, (2) CLASS, and (3) MSLQ were used to collect the research data. The data analysis showed that students’ beliefs were significantly and positively correlated with multiple dimension of self-regulation in learning physics (critical thinking and peer learning); while the dimension of sense-making and problem-solving ability significantly related to the affective component of self-regulation (test anxiety). However, the dimension of students’ beliefs did not have any significant effect on all of the self-regulation components. Additionally, learning environment dimensions were significantly related to students’ beliefs about physics on the dimension of conceptual connection and related to all of the self-regulation dimensions. Keywords: learning environment, self-regulation, students' beliefs, structural equation modeling.

Incidence of a hypermedia educational material on the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics

The use of hypermedia educational materials in education has gained relevance in recent years and is the object of numerous research activities. In the context of teaching and learning Mathematics, there are diverse works detailing their potential to improve both student learning and student attitude towards the subject. In this article, the results obtained through a case study carried out in a first-year course of Mathematics at a School of Engineering are shared, for which a hypermedia material was designed and then its impact in the classroom was analysed. To that end, a quanti-qualitative analysis framework was designed. An experience was carried out with two groups of students: one of these (n=101) used this material, and the other (n=111) served as control group. The students gave a positive overall assessment as regards to the experience carried out with the hypermedia material, but not to the extent expected. However, observations and the interviews carried out with the educators revealed that the hypermedia material positively contributed to several student learning aspects: it allowed using a mathematical software application as an exploratory tool and it promoted critical thinking among the students, who used the application to check their pen-and-paper work, using the semiotic representation conversions.

PENINGKATAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN IPS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI 05 ALANG RAMBAH KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN

The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement of the social studies learning process by using a cooperative model of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type in fourth grade students of SD Negeri 05 Alang Rambah Pesisir Selatan. This study uses a type of classroom action research with quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study consisted of II cycles consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data collection techniques are observation, tests and documentation. While the research instruments are observation sheets, test sheets and documents. The results of research from each cycle that was carried out showed an increase in the learning process. In planning the first cycle the average is 74.5% in the second cycle increased to 96.42%. In the implementation of learning on aspects of the teacher the first cycle the average is 78.5% and in the second cycle increased to 96%. Learning aspects of students in the first cycle were 78.5% and in the second cycle increased to 96%. On the learning outcomes of students in the first cycle the average was 66.68% and the second cycle increased to 81.36%. Thus it can be concluded that the use of the cooperative model type Teams Games Tournament (TGT) can improve the social studies learning process.Keywords: Cooperative Model Type Teams Games Tournament (TGT), IPS

Influence of visual design of pedagogical presentations on the quality of educational process

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the use of pedagogical electronic presentations in the educational process. In the article, based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and network sources, the results of the insights on the importance of the visual design of the pedagogical electronic presentation and the main approaches used in the process of forming a visual series of educational materials for achieving the best understanding of the educational material by the audience are considered. The use of electronic presentations has become a widespread phenomenon in higher education and is part of the expectations and perceptions of both teachers and students about how the learning process should be organized. The chalk and board in the learning process quickly gave way to presentations, the growing culture of which in the educational process has become the normative feature of academic study. The use of presentations in the learning process has several advantages, namely helping to focus on the content of the subject while studying, but there are also disadvantages of their use, both in terms of using the teacher and in the aspect of student learning. Therefore, in order to maximize the effectiveness of using an electronic educational presentation, an educator needs to know and use the principles of visual design to achieve a high level of memorable learning material for students.

Rethinking teaching and learning of science inference competencies of lower track students in Singapore: a Rasch investigation

ABSTRACTCompetency in making inferences is an important aspect of student learning in the twenty-first century, for making better-informed decisions. The purpose of our study is to investigate the type of science capital that can predict the science inference competencies of lower track students. Science capital comprises diverse social capital, cultural capital, and mental schema. A total of 1,397 Normal Academic (NA) and 637 Normal Technical (NT) Grade 7 students from 37 public secondary schools in Singapore participated in the study. Three separate science inference tests were administered to the students over one academic year, and test scores were calibrated and equated using Rasch analysis. The relationship between students’ perceptions of science capital and their development in science inference competencies was investigated using Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis. The results indicated that NA students’ self-views in science learning and their views about the nature of science were significant predictors of their scientific inference competencies. For NT students, their views about science teachers was the only significant predictors of their performance on making scientific inferences. Based on the research design and findings, we draw implications for local and international science curriculum policy. Additionally, we demonstrate the usefulness of Rasch analysis.

“We don’t have students colour maps anymore …” a survey of social studies teachers use of visual materials

Many researchers, teacher educators, teachers and students view graphics in text as an aspect of student learning (e.g. engagement, comprehension). However, as a field we have not addressed teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and decision-making associated with the use of graphics, student learning and issues of access. This mixed methods study is an exploration of K-12 teachers’ uses of visuals materials (e.g. artifacts, graphs, maps and photographs). Social studies teachers (n = 87) from across the United States completed a survey in which each respondent documented the ways in which they did or did not use visuals in their classrooms. Teachers described photographs and maps complementing their lecture material as well as in-depth student analysis of images to demonstrate their understanding of a time and place. However, none of the respondents described instruction about they ways to engage with visual material. This work contributes to the knowledge on social studies teaching and teacher instructional choices.

Questions and Verbal Feedback and their Implications on Thai Undergraduate Student Participation

AbstractThis study investigated effects of teachers’ questions and verbal feedback on student participation in three undergraduate English conversation classes. The research instruments were observations, a questionnaire, and interviews. The results showed that for the question types, referential questions were the most frequently asked questions in two classrooms and display questions were more common asked questions in one class. Regarding effects of display and referential questions on student participation, longer student responses were elicited by referential questions (3.6 the average words per a referential question, but about 2 words per a display one). Concerning the verbal feedback types, the results showed the high occurrence of interactional feedback in all classes. For effects of evaluative and interactional feedback on student participation, surprisingly in two classes evaluative feedback was associated with longer statements and answers than interactional one. In terms of student satisfaction on questions and verbal feedback, from the questionnaire results it was seen that the students were satisfied with referential questions and interactional feedback. Another interesting result from the questionnaires was that the students were motivated to participate in classroom discussion by both teachers’ questions and verbal feedback. Regarding the effects of teachers’ questions and verbal feedback on student participation in general, the verbal feedback was associated with a bit longer statements and answers than the questions (3.4 the average words per verbal feedback, but about 3 words per question). It can be concluded that in these classes, both questions and verbal feedback had the potential to be supportive of different aspects of student learning. Since questions and verbal feedback allows teachers to increase or reduce students’ opportunities for discussion, it is necessary to select the appropriate type to support students’ participation. Teachers should develop their use of questions, verbal feedback, and aim for patterns of classroom communication that are appropriate for students’ abilities, interests and motivation.

A diffractive exploration of affect: Learning, research and teaching in obstetrics

Instances of abuse, neglect and disrespect to women in labour are not uncommon in South Africa's public health birthing facilities. These social injustices are surrounded by a pervasive silence that confronts undergraduate medical students in their first practical obstetrics rotation.In this article I draw on affect theory to explore how students engage with these unjust practices. Through a diffractive analysis I question how drawings can be used to elicit affect as a pedagogic device towards developing a socially just pedagogy in obstetrics. In this ethics-approved study I address three aspects of student learning. Firstly, the ways in which the medical curriculum appears to obfuscate affect. Secondly, how affect is entangled in student learning, complicating responses to unjust practices. Thirdly, how drawings as data-in-the-making have elicited students' affective responses to confront difficult curriculum encounters. This visual methodology is thus opening in/determinate educational spaces for activism against unjust practices.

PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA DENGAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE DI KELAS VI SDN 15 PAKASAI KECAMATAN PARIAMAN TIMUR

ABSTRACT The background of the problem in this research was the students seemed to be less active in the learning process as the class was dominated by the teacher. So that it caused very minimal student activity and student learning outcomes is low. This research was aimed to improve learning outcomes IPA with cooperative models type think of pair share in class VI SDN 15 Pakasai. The results showed that in the first cycle, the overall activity of students scored an average of 51,3, in the second cycle increased to 81,6. From an average cognitive aspects of student learning result in the first cycle got 70 score on the second cycle increased to 88. Affective aspects in the first cycle get an average value of 50,5 and in the second cycle value of 80,2. Psychomotor aspects of the first cycle get an average value of 58,6 in the second cycle increased to 92,3. Based on these result, it was concluded that the use of cooperative model tps type can increase the activity and learning outcomes of sixth grade students of SDN 15 Pakasai Pariman city. Keywords: Cooperative Type Think-Pair-Share Results Learning, Student Activities

Supporting or alienating students during their transition to Higher Education: Mathematically relevant trajectories in the contexts of England and Norway

Drawing on our projects of transition to mathematically demanding subjects in UK Higher Education and an extension of this work in Norway, we explore the measurement of various pedagogical and learning aspects of students’ transition into Higher Education. We focus on experiences of engagement, and alienation, which we claim can offer an enhanced view on student learning experiences. Our analysis is based on longitudinal surveys of students entering different programmes in UK (N=1778), and Norwegian (N=721) universities. Validation is performed within the Rasch measurement framework, which indicated problems in establishing measurement invariance. Cross-sectional analysis of the two datasets, then, revealed consistent patterns in the process of alienation from mathematics as well as some systemic mechanisms that can help alleviate that.

Correct your own exam. Exercises for university students to develop writing skills in biology

This work describes a project intended to improve an essential aspect of student learning, i.e. writing essay tests, directed to students of the Undergraduate Degree in Biology at the University of Granada (Spain). Previous results indicate that most students are well prepared and understand most of the concepts basic to Biology, as reflected in the multiple-choice questions, but perform poorly when answering the essay questions. This work seeks to improve speech, writing, and conceptual organization of student responses in the essay questions, and to maintain skills developed during this project. The core of the project was a session of correcting written exercises, conducted in groups during class time and led by the teacher. The analysis of the scores reveals better student performance, reflecting the usefulness of these exercises for improving the students’ skills in written expression

Do Group Exams Support English as an Additional Language Student Learning?

Abstract Team-based learning (TBL) has been shown to improve many aspects of student learning, but no previous research has systematically examined the effects of group exams on English as an Additional Language (EAL) students in university classrooms. This study is a small-scale action research examining the role of students’ English language status in their perceptions of and performance in group exams within TBL. The data were collected from 29 students – (13 EAL) and 16 English as a first language (EL1) – attending a third-year university linguistics class in Vancouver, Canada. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used for the data analysis. Results of the study revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of perceptions or performance. Both groups had positive perceptions about group exams and the increase in their performance over the course of the semester was statistically significant. Qualitative results showed that students found group exams helpful for learning and reducing exam anxiety. Students also enjoyed the experience of taking group exams and stated that their attitudes toward the group exams were more positive at the end of the semester.