Aspects Of Integration Research Articles

Differentiated European Integration and the Changing Type of Capitalism in Central Europe

The objective of this paper is to analyse the double-layered diversification of the European integration system represented by the countries of Central Europe (CE). Here exemplified by the Visegrad Four (V4) states (Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Czechia), the region offers a unique laboratory of European differentiated integration (DI). The V4 positions itself on the outer-core of the European Union hemispheres. At the same time, the bloc itself is internally diversified in various, important aspects of integration (conflicting trajectories with Brussels, monetary integration, energy policy, relations with Russia, etc.). Unpacking this intra-V4 diversity will be accompanied by an exploration of the economic and institutional factors possibly affecting it. The political-economy perspective allows us to capture the determinants intersecting at the crossroads of economic and political dimensions. The authors will explore the selected building blocks of the system of differentiation inside the V4 group.

Eksplorasi Praktik Kawin Culik “Merarik” di Kecamatan Wanasaba, Lombok Timur

Purpose – This study aims to describe and analyze the intriguing practices conducted by the Sasak community in the Wanasaba District of East Lombok Regency.
 Methods – This study adopts a case studies with qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis.
 Findings – The findings reveal the presence of diverse intriguing practices that constitute an integral aspect of Sasak people's life. These practices encompass elements of local culture, indigenous wisdom, and social interactions within the community. Moreover, the study identifies the repercussions of these practices on the cultural and environmental sustainability of the region.
 Research implications – The findings of this research offer valuable insights into understanding and appreciating the traditional practices of the Sasak people. They also serve as a foundation for developing policies that promote cultural and environmental sustainability in Wanasaba Sub-district.
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 Originality/value – Through these findings, valuable insights emerge, fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of Sasak traditions. Moreover, they serve as a pivotal foundation for crafting policies aimed at nurturing cultural preservation and fostering environmental stewardship within the Wanasaba Sub-district and beyond.

An Analysis of Integration Management in Developing Project Performance-Evidence from Pakistan

Objective: The purpose of this research was to ascertain how management integration influenced project performance. Integration of management contributes to project success. investigating the impact of the management integration dimensions on project performance and gauging the significance of the management integration elements.
 Methodology: Data were collected by a standardized survey questionnaire by employing the convenience sample method.
 Results: Shown that although the other criteria have a negligible association, there is a favorable relationship between the company's integration with its consumers.
 Conclusion: Controlling the integration aspects effectively boosts project performance and success chances.

Fear of missing out and depressive symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic

AbstractDuring the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic, governments issued public health safety measures (e.g., “stay‐at‐home” ordinances), leaving many people “missing out” on integral social aspects of their own lives. The fear of missing out, popularly shortened as, “FoMO,” is a felt sense of unease one experiences when they perceive they may be missing out on rewarding and/or enjoyable experiences. Among 76 participants (ages M = 69.36, SD = 5.34), who were at risk for hospitalization or death if infected with COVID‐19, we found that FoMO was associated with depressive symptoms at Time 1, even when controlling for perceived stress, loneliness, and fear of COVID‐19. However, FoMO did not predict future depressive symptoms, about 1 week later, when controlling for Time 1 depressive symptoms. These findings provide further evidence that FoMO is associated with depressive symptoms in a short period of time even when accounting for other powerful social factors such as loneliness. Future research should explore the potential causal relationships between FoMO and depression, especially those that may establish temporal precedence.

Onco-TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction): Insights from a Tertiary Center and Comprehensive Literature Analysis.

Background and Objectives: The peak of incidence of testicular cancer (TC) occurs among individuals in their reproductive age, emphasizing the importance of fertility preservation as an integral aspect of disease management. Sperm cryopreservation performed before orchiectomy is ineffective in azoospermic men, necessitating alternative approaches such as microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) at the time of orchiectomy (onco-mTESE) to obtain viable sperm. This study presents the findings from our institution's experience with onco-mTESE and critically discusses our results in light of the existing body of literature. Materials and Methods: This is a tertiary center retrospective analysis of onco-mTESE procedures performed at a single center between December 2011 and July 2022. The included patients were post-puberal men with testicular tumors requiring orchiectomy, along with concomitant severe oligozoospermia or azoospermia. Bilateral mTESE was performed in all cases. Surgical outcomes, sperm retrieval rates, the usage of preserved viable sperm, assistive reproductive techniques' results, and post-operative serum testosterone were recorded. Results: A total of nine patients were included, with a median age of 34 (IQR 29-36) years. All patients had germ cell tumors (GCTs), with seminomatous and non-seminomatous GCTs accounting for 44.4% (n = 4) and 55.6% (n = 5) of patients, respectively. Sperm retrieval occurred in three (33%) patients: one patient in the ipsilateral testis, one in the contralateral testis, and one in both testes. No complications were reported during the procedure, and no post-operative hypogonadism was observed. Among the three patients with successful sperm retrieval, an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed in two patients, resulting in two pregnancies, leading to one healthy live birth and one miscarriage. Conclusions: In the context of TC, it is essential to conduct a thorough evaluation of testicular function, including a semen analysis and cryopreservation. Onco-mTESE has proven its safety in preserving fertility in azoospermic cases while ensuring the efficacy of oncological treatment.

Neonatal Healthcare Professionals' Experiences When Implementing a Simulation and Debriefing Program in Neonatal Intensive Care Settings: A Qualitative Analysis.

Simulation-based training (SBT) and debriefing have increased in healthcare as a method to conduct interprofessional team training in a realistic environment. This qualitative study aimed to describe the experiences of neonatal healthcare professionals when implementing a patient safety simulation and debriefing program in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Fourteen NICUs in California and Oregon participated in a 15-month quality improvement collaborative with the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative. Participating sites completed 3 months of preimplementation work, followed by 12 months of active implementation of the simulation and debriefing program. Focus group interviews were conducted with each site 2 times during the collaborative. Content analysis found emerging implementation themes. There were 234 participants in the 2 focus group interviews. Six implementation themes emerged: (1) receptive context; (2) leadership support; (3) culture change; (4) simulation scenarios; (5) debriefing methodology; and (6) sustainability. Primary barriers and facilitators with implementation of SBT centered around having a receptive context at the unit level (eg, availability of resources and time) and multidisciplinary leadership support. NICUs have varying environmental (context) factors and consideration of unit-level context factors and support from leadership are integral aspects of enhancing the successful implementation of a simulation and debriefing program for neonatal resuscitation. Additional research regarding implementation methods for overcoming barriers for both leaders and participants, as well as determining the optimal frequency of SBT for clinicians, is needed. A knowledge gap remains regarding improvements in patient outcomes with SBT.

Discussion on the Integrated Development Path of Financial Accounting and Management Accounting

The gradual development of economy and rapid progress of science and technology have promoted human society to step forward into the era of digital economy, and then promoted the transformation of financial accounting function based on accounting and supervision to management accounting function based on value creation and value increment. However, both financial accounting and management accounting are branches of the accounting discipline, and the professional knowledge of a single branch is slightly insufficient to solve problems in a certain field. Only by combining and integrating the knowledge of multiple branches, and analyzing and solving problems from multiple perspectives can enterprises achieve sustainable development. Therefore, in combination with the background and direction of industry development in the era of digital economy, this paper analyzes the necessity of the integrated development of financial accounting and management accounting based on the functional positioning of enterprise financial accounting and management accounting, and discusses the integrated development mode of financial accounting and management accounting from the aspects of goal orientation, platform construction and content construction. And then put forward the two in the concept of mutual integration, content mutual penetration, system framework, technical personnel mutual integration and other aspects of the feasible path, in order to improve the accounting staff's business ability and comprehensive quality, conform to the market demand and the development of The Times.

EFL Teachers’ Perception Self-Directed Professional Development Toward Oral Language Maintenance

This case study presents an EFL teacher's perception of self-directed professional development aimed to maintain and enhance her oral language proficiency to support her professional growth. Semi-structured interviews were used as the primary guides to extract information concerning EFL teachers' self-directed professional development (PD) activities associated with the maintenance and enhancement of oral language proficiency. The participant of this study was an EFL teacher who experienced oral language attrition and has motivation to maintain her oral language proficiency. Data were analyzed descriptively to result in EFL teacher perceptions of self-directed PD activities that demonstrates a positive attitude towards improving and maintaining her oral language skills as an integral aspect of her professionalism. The result indicated that self-directed professional development activities had a significant impact on the participants' recognition of the importance of maintaining oral language skills. These activities also emphasized the need to continuously improve and enhance their oral language proficiency, highlighting the benefits it brings to both teaching and learning. One specific example mentioned was the participant's engagement in self-directed PD activities using Netflix series, which proved to be highly beneficial for improving linguistic features. These efforts contribute to her long-life growth as a language teacher, enabling her to provide effective language instruction and create an engaging learning environment for her students. The study highlights the importance of self-directed professional development in supporting EFL teachers' language maintenance and the positive impact it has on their professionalism.

Analisis Kualitas Software Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement di Ditlantas Polda Jawa Timur Menggunakan Teori McCall

As technology develops, humans are required to be smarter in their activities, doing works, and dealing with various existing problems. Technology is also increasingly being used as a tool to support success in various fields, including government. The government applies technology in regional governance to create a smart city. The government has developed several things that used to be conventional to become electronic-based, one of which is the ticketing system. Limitations on convention tickets as well as the large number of motorized vehicle users and traffic violations in Surabaya finally made the Surabaya Police work together with the Surabaya Transportation Agency (Dishub) to trigger the Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement system or Electronic Ticketing, commonly known as E-TLE. One of the success factors of the system is the quality of the system itself. This study aims to analyze the E-TLE software implemented in Surabaya to determine the quality of the software. The approach used to carry out the analysis is the theory of software quality according to McCall. The research method used in this research is qualitative research by collecting data using interviews, observation, and classification. The source of this research is the operator as well as designing the E-TLE software. The results show that the quality of the E-TLE software has good scores in the aspects of correctness, reliability, efficiency (data search and memory usage), integrity, usability, maintainability, flexibility, portability, reusability, and interoperability. However, there are slight deficiencies in the usability aspect (there is no integration between agencies) and lack of testability. To improve the quality of E-TLE, it is necessary to optimize page loading, add features for integration between agencies, and test to determine software grade.

116-LB: iCoDE Project Final Recommendations for CGM-EHR Integration

Background: he Integration of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data into the Electronic Health Record (iCoDE) Project is a consortium whose purpose is to facilitate efficient integration of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data into the Electronic Health Record (EHR) through standards and best practices. Methods: A Planning Committee, Steering Committee, and six Working Groups (Data Standards; Account Linkage; Integration and Interoperability; Analytics and Visualizations; Clinical Workflows; and Partnerships and Business Models) were organized to tackle different technical, clinical, and operational aspects of CGM-EHR integration. Participants were recruited from industry, academia, healthcare, government agencies, and patient advocacy groups. Groups met regularly and got feedback from the Steering Committee. Each Working Group created a final summary of their group's thoughts, research, and recommendations. The iCoDE Co-Chairs then synthesized the six summaries into a final report, and derived formal Recommendation Statements (RS). These RS were then sent to the iCoDE Steering Committee for feedback and revisions. The feedback was incorporated, and a ballot was sent to all voting members. Results:130 individuals from more than 60 organizations participated in iCoDE over the course of 11 months. 54 RS were developed (7 Introductory RS, 27 Technical Standards RS, 20 Clinical Implementation RS). 93.8% of eligible steering committee members submitted their ballots. After the first round of voting, 13 statements underwent minor revisions and 2 underwent major revisions. A revised and final ballot was prepared and sent out to the Steering Committee. All 54 RS were adopted as Strong Recommendations (defined as >80% approval); average approval rate was 98%, range 91%-100%. Conclusion: The 2022 iCoDE Report and Recommendations provide comprehensive yet practical standards-based guidance for manufacturers and healthcare organizations interested in CGM-EHR integration. Disclosure J. C. Espinoza: Consultant; Sanofi, Research Support; NIH - National Institutes of Health, FDA, Speaker's Bureau; Glooko, Inc. A. Yeung: None. C. Huang: None. D. C. Klonoff: Consultant; EOFlow Co., Ltd., Fractyl Health, Inc., Integrity, Lifecare, Inc., Rockley Photonics, Thirdwayv Inc. Funding U.S. Food and Drug Administration (P50FD006425 to J.C.E.)

ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS RELATIONS

A company's culture is an integral aspect of this process since it influences the behaviour and performance of individuals and teams within the organization. Due to the challenges inherent in multi-cultural communication, the role of an organization's culture takes on added relevance in the context of global trade. This study looks at the ways in which cultural differences impact the ways in which businesses engage with one another across national boundaries, specifically focusing on the impact that these differences have on communication, negotiation, and dispute resolution. In order to identify the most important aspects of organisational culture, a thorough literature analysis was conducted to examine the available research on the link between organisational culture and international business interactions. This review was also conducted to look at the prior studies done on the subject which indicates that the cultural differences can lead to communication difficulties, misunderstandings, and even confrontations in international business relationships, and that organisational culture affects the actions and decisions of businessmen, domestically and globally. In addition, the essay concludes with several suggestions for further research and some practical implications for world trade relations.

Managing Broken Home Students' Emotions Using Reality Counseling Metaphor Techniques

One of the integral aspects of being human is emotion, especially when adapting to a new environment. Poor anger management can prevent people from getting to know themselves and socializing with others. This study was conducted to understand the effectiveness of reality counseling metaphor techniques to improve the emotional management of broken home students in SMA Kabupaten Malang. The research design used was single-subject design, A-B-A design with 3 students with broken home backgrounds as research subjects and poor emotional management based on questionnaire results. The instruments used are questionnaires, observations, and metaphorical reality counseling techniques. The results showed that the initial score obtained the average sum of each aspect, indicating a high level of emotion. After being given counseling treatment, the reality of the counselor's situation metaphorical technique showed an improvement in managing emotions. The presence of a line chart to manage emotions. The results of this study showed that reality counseling with metaphorical techniques effectively improved the emotional management of broken home students. In addition, this study was considered successful because the level of change that occurred after receiving the intervention showed a better attitude, in other words, the treatment given was effective which could reduce the emotional feelings of broken-home students.

ANALISIS REKAM MEDIS ELEKTRONIK DALAM MENUNJANG EFEKTIVITAS KERJA DI UNIT REKAM MEDIS DI RUMAH SAKIT HERMINA PASTEUR

Electronic medical records are an important achievement of information technology in the world of health and have considerable benefits, one of which is to increase the effectiveness of officer work. The use of electronic medical records at Hermina Pasteur Hospital is still not perfect and there are still several obstacles that can hinder the effectiveness of officers' work. The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of electronic medical records in supporting work effectiveness in the medical records unit at Hermina Pasteur Hospital Bandung. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques with observation, interviews, literature studies and questionnaires. The results of this study showed security aspects (91.7%), integrity aspects (82.8%), availability aspects (87.1%), work quality aspects (81.7%), work quantity aspects (79.6%), and work time (86.1%). The suggestions given in this study are: It is necessary to evaluate the use of electronic medical records so that appropriate training can be carried out, carry out routine system maintenance, coordinate with related electronic medical record vendors to update the electronic medical record system, legalize electronic signatures and provide electronic signature tools, hospitals should provide automatic generators for better electricity availability, it is necessary to hold SPO on electronic medical records so that electronic medical records in hospitals can be ensured that they meet the established security, privacy and quality standards.

#3641 DOES IBANDRONATE OR CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D MAINTAIN OR IMPROVE BONE MICROARCHITECTURE IN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION?

Abstract Background and Aims Modern immunosuppressive protocols are associated with less loss of bone mass immediately after kidney transplantation, as compared with previous eras. Even so, bone microarchitecture may still be disturbed due to long-standing uremia, leading to bone fragility and fracture susceptibility. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a new tool to assess trabecular bone microarchitecture based on standard dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of lumbar spine images. TBS reflects bone quality rather than quantity. Studies on the effect of common anti-fracture strategies on TBS in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are scarce. Our aim was to investigate different treatments on bone microarchitecture by TBS in KTR. Method We analyzed TBS changes and potential treatment effects in 179 de novo KTR, 118 of whom had participated in a randomized controlled trial[1] evaluating the effect of ibandronate (active/placebo) on top of calcium and vitamin D in the first year after kidney transplantation. Trial participants were compared to 61 patients transplanted in the same time-period, meeting the same study inclusion criteria, but receiving no specific bone-directed treatment. Correlations between changes in TBS and lumbar spine BMD were investigated. We used ANOVA and ANCOVA with adjustment for baseline TBS values to evaluate the potential effects of calcium and vitamin D with/without concomitant ibandronate on TBS 12 months after transplantation, as compared to no treatment. Results Mean TBS increased in all groups from baseline to 12 months after transplantation (2.1% for ibandronate/calcium/vitamin D, 2.7% for calcium/vitamin D, and 3.4% for no treatment). Adjusting for baseline TBS, there were no significant differences in TBS at 12 months, neither with overall comparison (p = 0.377) nor when comparing the groups pairwise. The correlation between TBS and BMD was weak (r = 0.170, p = 0.02) at baseline, and change in TBS was not significantly correlated with change in lumbar spine BMD in any of the groups. Conclusion In a group of de novo KTR with reasonably well-preserved bone mass, it does not appear that one year of treatment with ibandronate or calcium and vitamin D significantly affects bone quality as measured by TBS. We found surprisingly weak correlation between changes in TBS and BMD over the study period, indicating that these measurements reflect different aspects of bone integrity and metabolism. This study strengthens the view that focus should be on identifying KTR at high risk of fracture at time of transplantation, as these patients could benefit from anti-resorptive therapy.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SHARIA COMPLIANCE AND GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AT BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA TEBING TINGGI SUDIRMAN 2 BRANCH OFFICE

Shariah compliance is an integral aspect of the banking sector's sustainability and is closely linked to good corporate governance. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Shariah compliance and good corporate governance, along with the challenges faced in implementing Shariah compliance and GCG principles at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Tebing Tinggi Sudirman 2. The research utilizes a qualitative methodology, with data obtained from primary and secondary sources. Primary data includes the Shariah Supervisory Board, Shariah Audit Committee, and Shariah Investment Committee. Secondary data consists of policy and procedural documents from the Islamic bank, as well as previous research and studies on Shariah compliance and GCG implementation in the Islamic banking sector. Data collection techniques employed in this study encompass interviews and documentation. The findings reveal that the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Tebing Tinggi Sudirman 2 encompass transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and fairness. Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Tebing Tinggi Sudirman 2 has implemented Shariah compliance in accordance with the rules and principles of Shariah in every transaction, utilizing appropriate contracts such as murabahah, musyarakah, mudarabah, ijarah, rahn, and in fund mobilization, mudarabah and wadi'ah contracts are utilized. The bank's products have received approval from the National Shariah Board-Indonesian Ulama Council (DSN-MUI), the authorized institution for issuing Shariah fatwas. The implementation of Shariah compliance at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Tebing Tinggi Sudirman 2 involves transaction procedures based on Shariah principles, internal supervision, collaboration with DSN-MUI, employee training and awareness enhancement, as well as external audits aimed at ensuring the bank's compliance with Shariah principles

OUTC-09. PEDIATRIC LOW GRADE GLIOMA SURVIVORS’ NEED FOR SURVIVORSHIP CARE: ‘ENGAGE’ A MULTIDISCIPLINARY, E-HEALTH INTERVENTION

Abstract Higher survival rates for children diagnosed with low-grade gliomas (LGG), compared to other brain cancers, often limit the survivorship resources afforded this cohort, despite potential long-term physical, functional and psychological impacts. We conducted a two-phase program of research, first evaluating LGG survivors’ need for support during the survivorship phase, followed by the development and pilot evaluation of a multidisciplinary, telehealth, survivorship program. Phase 1: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged 0-16 years at diagnosis, diagnosed between 2000-2015, assessing psychosocial impact and quality of life. Phase 2: We developed ‘Engage Brain’, a multidisciplinary, telehealth program, designed to improve medical and psychosocial outcomes for childhood cancer survivors throughout their lifespan. Key components of Engage’s design include distance-delivered care to ensure access for all survivors irrespective of whether they live close to a tertiary, survivorship center; hospital-based expertise integrated with local, primary care services to ensure a model of care which is sustainable long-term; nurse-led care providing tailored education to encourage adoption of a prevention-focused healthy lifestyle to mitigate survivors’ personal risk and reduce ongoing costs to the individual and healthcare system; psychosocial focus, incorporating allied health staff (psychologist/social worker) as an integral aspect of care. Phase 1: 45 survivors participated (36% female, mean age 14.8 years, average 7.5 years post-treatment). Survivors reported high levels of anxiety (23%), depression (14%), fatigue (62%). Phase 2: 30 LGG survivors completed Engage Brain intervention (50% female, mean age 21 years, average 11.5 years post-treatment). 64% uptake, 10% attrition. Most (78%) of participants ‘agree’-‘greatly agree’ that Engage Brain provides ‘high-quality survivorship care’ and ‘help accessing survivorship care’. This program of research illustrates the long-term needs of LGG survivors, despite their lower risk status compared to other brain cancers, and the feasibility of providing a multidisciplinary, telehealth intervention to support them.

Surface Properties and Tribological Behavior of Additively Manufactured Components: A Systematic Review

Innovative additive manufacturing processes for resilient and sustainable production will become even more important in the upcoming years. Due to the targeted and flexible use of materials, additive manufacturing allows for conserving resources and lightweight design enabling energy-efficient systems. While additive manufacturing processes were used in the past several decades mainly for high-priced individualized components and prototypes, the focus is now increasingly shifting to near-net-shape series production and the production of spare parts, whereby surface properties and the tribological behavior of the manufactured parts is becoming more and more important. Therefore, the present review provides a comprehensive overview of research in tribology to date in the field of additively manufactured components. Basic research still remains the main focus of the analyzed 165 papers. However, due to the potential of additive manufacturing processes in the area of individualized components, a certain trend toward medical technology applications can be identified for the moment. Regarding materials, the focus of previous studies has been on metals, with stainless steel and titanium alloys being the most frequently investigated materials. On the processing side, powder bed processes are mainly used. Based on the present literature research, the expected future trends in the field of tribology of additively manufactured components can be identified. In addition to further basic research, these include, above all, aspects of process optimization, function integration, coating, and post-treatment of the surfaces.

Religious Values Implementation Strategy On Work Culture Ministry Of Religion Office, Muara Enim District

This study aims to identify and analyze the application of religious values and work culture as well as strategies for implementing religious values in the work culture of the Office of the Ministry of Religion, Muara Enim Regency. Types of qualitative research. Analytical descriptive, data collection through documentation, observation and interviews with 10 key informants, namely civil servants who understand and master what will be studied, are easy to find and are willing to share information. Data analysis techniques use the stages of condensing data, presenting data, making and verifying conclusions. To obtain in-depth information and get a complete picture of religious values in the work culture of the Office of the Ministry of Religion of Muara Enim Regency, 8W+ 1H+1I analysis was also used; Input-Process-Output-Outcome-Benefit and SWOT Analysis The research results obtained 1. The implementation of religious values at the Office of the Ministry of Religion of Muara Enim Regency has not been implemented optimally from the aspects of work discipline, cooperation, the principle of division of tasks and ukhuwah Islamiyah. 2. The implementation of work culture at the Office of the Ministry of Religion of Muara Enim Regency has not been carried out optimally from the aspects of integrity, professionalism, responsibility and exemplary. 3. The strategy for implementing religious values in the work culture of the Office of the Ministry of Religion of Muara Enim Regency is using the SO strategy in which researchers combine various strengths with opportunities owned by the Office of the Ministry of Religion of Muara Enim Regency

Improving The Scientific Research Methodology's Component Parts for Language Teaching

The key components of scientific research technique are covered here for language education. Scientific research methodology is a strategy that enables researchers to accomplish their goals rationally and effectively while using the proper resources for each step of the research process. It is underlined how crucial it is to have precise, feasible study goals as well as the amount of work and commitment needed to accomplish them. The significance of the student's work in this process is stressed, and the function of the methodology as a universal or unitary procedure that researchers adhere to is explored. Research is an integral aspect of higher education since without it, earning a degree or an academic degree is all but impossible. To build skills in reality analysis and enhance scientific research, it is advised to support creative, experimental, and exploratory learning. The fundamental components of scientific research technique for language education are comprehensively covered in this abstract. Research paper preparation is like turning a screw; it takes time and is not a simple task. It is important to recognize and accept that research paper preparation causes anxiety because it involves trial and error, attempts and ideas that are later abandoned or replaced by better ones, or by others that were once thought to be better, and returning to previously abandoned ideas. A documentary study was conducted, the documentary analysis method was applied, and the tool used was the bibliographic record, which allowed registering, ordering, and summarizing the information from sources closest to the subject, evidencing through the methodology of scientific research for lang. On the basis of a bibliographic search, the goal is to specifically examine the state of the art in various areas of scientific research methods.

RaagDarbari: An Analysis of the Post-Colonial Political Scenario in India

In the novel, RaagDrabari, Shrilal Shukla explores the little nuances and complexities of the largest democracy in the world, India. This creative work as a political satire explicitly presents the pathetic condition of India by metaphorically presenting a typical Indian village called Shivpalganj. It is a microcosm of Indian villages which are alienated and neglected in terms of modern material outlooks and developments. In India, politics and government are the two important factors that decide the fate of the country. As Gillian Wright points out in her introduction to the translated version of RaagDarbari, ‘politics and government’ are the two integral aspects of this novel. Therefore, the first part of this paper traces the evolution of these two strong pillars of India by focusing on the ideas presented in the novel. And the remaining part elucidates how much India changed since independence in terms of the socio-political and cultural perspectives envisioned by the visionary leaders and shared by common men.