Aspects Of Integration Research Articles

Fairy tale therapy, as an anxiety reducer for primary school children

The decline in children's health in Ukraine is significantly influenced by several factors, including economic instability in the country, environmental pollution, inadequate nutrition, and a lack of healthcare interventions. Lifestyle plays a particularly crucial role.
 Health is an integral aspect of an individual's well-being and directly impacts their quality of life. Preserving and enhancing the health of students, increasing their levels of physical activity, and fostering the development and improvement of fundamental physical qualities are the primary objectives of physical education for elementary school children. These objectives align with the priority goals of our society. To achieve effective and multifaceted improvements in the development of elementary school children, health-enhancing, pedagogical, and educational tasks must be addressed comprehensively. Modern technologies for leveling anxiety and for quality life of younger schoolchildren began to use fairy tale therapy. The essence of fairy-tale therapy is to create a special mental space in which the child's fantasies become similar to reality and contribute to overcoming his fears and complexes. On the example of positive characters, the child learns to act correctly; negative heroes of fairy tales point out to her patterns of inappropriate behavior. This therapeutic technique examines various aspects of fairy tales, including symbolism, morals, allegories, and character identification, with the goal of supporting clients in developing, understanding their own emotions and experiences, and changing their perception of the world. The mechanisms of the impact of fairy tales on individuals are outlined as follows: fairy tales depict profound emotional crises experienced by individuals; they exert their influence on an unconscious level and tri gger adaptive mechanisms to assist in coping with stress; fairy tales teach children how to effectively conquer their fears, enabling them to preserve their psychological well-being.

Al-Ghazali's Theory of Real Knowledge: An Exploration of Knowledge Integration in Islamic Epistemology through Contemporary Perspectives

Abstract
 This research aims to explore Al-Ghazali's theory of real knowledge and elucidate the concept of knowledge and its integration features in grounding Islamic knowledge according to the contemporary theories of epistemology. The study delves into Al-Ghazali's perspectives on knowledge, analyzing and interpreting them in light of modern knowledge theories. The research finds that the cognitive integration features in Al-Ghazali's philosophy lie in the integration of knowledge sources, methods, sciences, and scholars. This is achieved through a comprehensive review of some of Al-Ghazali's works, as well as relevant studies, books, and research about his contributions to Islamic epistemology. Al-Ghazali encourages scholars to collaborate and integrate their knowledge to attain true understanding, a principle evident in this research through the exploration of modern epistemological concepts. The research utilized both inductive and descriptive methods to identify the characteristics of knowledge and demonstrate its integration aspects in Al-Ghazali's teachings. The research is structured into an introduction and three main sections: the first section introduces Al-Ghazali and his era, the second section explores the concept of knowledge and its integration in Islamic epistemology according to Al-Ghazali, and the third section examines knowledge sources, methods, types of knowledge, and scholars in Al-Ghazali's philosophy.

Sexual Health in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer.

Sexual health (SH), an integral aspect of overall health and quality of life, can be negatively affected by cancer and cancer treatment. SH is influenced by biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors, and, for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), developmental factors. The AYA population (age 15-39 years) is diverse in terms of psychosexual development, interpersonal relationships, and varying levels of independence, resulting in unique SH needs for this population. AYAs with cancer are particularly vulnerable to unmet SH needs related to contraception and infection prevention, sexual function, body image, and romantic/sexual relationships. Sexual dysfunction during and after cancer treatment is reported by 30%-100% of AYA cancer survivors. Clinical guidelines recommend discussing SH and screening for dysfunction but currently lack specifics regarding psychosexual interventions and strategies for incorporating screening into clinical care. Research and clinical priorities include improved provider-AYA communication regarding SH, standardization of SH measures and screening tools, infrastructure to support the SH needs of AYAs across pediatric and adult clinical environments, and engagement of sexual and gender minority AYAs in research. As the field of SH in cancer evolves, interventions need to be tailored to the developmental needs that are unique to AYAs and address the multidimensional aspects of SH.

Introduction to INFER special issue on “new aspects of economic and financial integration”

AbstractThis Special Issue (SI) gathers 13 papers presented at the 23rd INFER Annual Conference which took place in Lisbon, 8–10 September 2021, at ISEG – Lisbon School of Economics and Management. The conference was organised by INFER (International Network for Economic Research), UECE (Research Unit on Complexity and Economics), and REM (Research in Economics and Mathematics). The papers of the SI focus on key topics in international macroeconomics, revisit the fiscal policy conduct within a globalised world, investigate how uncertainty and risk affect macroeconomic policies, and analyse the links between labor market outcomes, automation, and economic integration.

The Launch of the iCoDE-2 Standard Project: Integration of Connected Diabetes Device Data Into the Electronic Health Record.

Diabetes Technology Society virtually hosted the first meeting of the Integration of Connected Diabetes Device Data Into the Electronic Health Record #2 (iCoDE-2) Standards Project on May 31, 2023, via Zoom. Clinicians, patients, data aggregators, informaticists, manufacturers, attorneys, and cybersecurity experts discussed dosing data currently available from insulin delivery devices and data aggregators and the types of information that patients and clinicians want to see. This information along with technical and regulatory aspects of (1) data standards and (2) integration into the electronic health record (EHR) are the basis of iCoDE-2. Six sessions were hosted discussing themes including (1) What's Currently Available: The Continuous Glucose Monitor Experience; (2) What's Currently Available: The Aggregator Experience; (3) What's Currently Available: The Insulin Pump Experience; (4) What's Currently Available: The Insulin Pen Experience; (5) What Do Clinicians and Patients Want Out of iCoDE-2 Data?; and (6) Technical and Regulatory Aspects of Data Aggregation. Additional working group meetings to discuss data standard and clinical workflow will be held to create additional technical specifications and clinical workflows to aid in insulin dosing data integration into the EHR. A mid-project meeting will convene in the second half of 2023.

Expanding the Fourier Transform of the Scaled Circular Jacobi beta Ensemble Density

The family of circular Jacobi beta ensembles has a singularity of a type associated with Fisher and Hartwig in the theory of Toeplitz determinants. Our interest is in the Fourier transform of the corresponding N rightarrow infty bulk scaled spectral density about this singularity, expanded as a series in the Fourier variable. Various integrability aspects of the circular Jacobibeta ensemble are used for this purpose. These include linear differential equations satisfied by the scaled spectral density for beta = 2 and beta = 4, and the loop equation hierarchy. The polynomials in the variable u=2/beta which occur in the expansion coefficents are found to have special properties analogous to those known for the structure function of the circular beta ensemble, specifically in relation to the zeros lying on the unit circle |u|=1 and interlacing. Comparison is also made with known results for the expanded Fourier transform of the density about a guest charge in the two-dimensional one-component plasma.

Quality Management in GIS

This paper centers on the crucial elements of quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) in the domain of geographic information systems (GIS). A dependable and resilient GIS database is at the core of any spatial system, and it is of utmost significance across a wide range of fields, including Hajj, Umrah, tourism, real estate, and natural resource management. Given the inherent intricacy of spatial databases and their requirement for specialized technical upkeep, applications that depend on them also necessitate specialized technical expertise. To address inconsistencies within the database, best practices for database maintenance are implemented. This paper presents a systematic approach to the updating of comprehensive spatial databases and provides an overview of the quality procedures that are essential to this process. It also discusses the various safeguard mechanisms that are employed to enhance data consistency, completeness, integrity, and other qualitative aspects. The primary objective is to establish a customer-focused quality standard for spatial databases. Considering the broad definition of quality as "the extent to which project deliverables meet requirements," GIS projects face the challenge of precisely defining specifications and relevant quality standards that are tailored to specific project types and deliverables. The increasing demand for digital maps and GIS applications in Egypt emphasizes the urgent need for quality control and quality assurance procedures. This paper describes the implementation of these procedures in the creation of ten geological maps of Egypt at a scale of 1:500,000. This collaborative effort involves Cairo University and the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation in Egypt. Additionally, this project provides an internship opportunity for students in the College of Engineering, Civil Department, enabling them to gain practical experience in the field.

Walking as soft mobility: A multi-criteria GIS-based approach for prioritizing tourist routes

Walking, as the main mode of soft mobility, has become an integral aspect of urban tourism. The development of pedestrian tourist routes plays a crucial role in enhancing the positive walking experience in urban tourist destinations. This research employs a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) with GIS to rank street segments, establishing walking-oriented tourist paths in Shiraz's historic district, Iran. The initial steps involve identifying pivotal criteria through literature reviews and expert surveys. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) establishes criteria and sub-criteria weights using input from 30 experts. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) then prioritizes street segments based on sub-criteria such as traffic safety, image ability and heritage assets, security, land use and activity, accessibility, comfort and convenience, and human scale. Furthermore, a Space Syntax analysis (SSA) is conducted to evaluate the morphology of the street network in the study area and identify streets with potential for pedestrian movement. By integrating these analyses, a prime corridor for a pedestrian tourist route is identified. This study offers planners and policymakers a valuable tool for pre-investment decision-making, aiding the promotion of walkability in tourist-centric areas.

ROLE OF AYURVED OCULAR THERAPIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LIFESTYLE DISORDERS RELATED TO VISUAL DISPLAY TERMINALS

The frequency of lifestyle disorders among Indians has reached alarming proportions in the present era, with the development of the economy and the growing westernization of the way of life. Computers are one of the most astonishing technological achievements and a significant contribution to human life. Our lives have become simpler as a result of the use of these technologies, both at home and at the office. Visual display terminals have become an integral aspect of today's life. A collection of ocular and extra-ocular symptoms known as “visual display terminals syndrome” is brought on by extended usage of computers and other digital devices. Asthenopic symptoms of the eyes, blurred vision, diplopia, dry eyes, sluggish concentrating, and musculoskeletal symptoms including shoulder and neck pain are all connected to it. These symptoms are associated with Vata-Pittapradhana and are somewhat comparable to those of Shushkakshipaka(~dry eye syndrome), a Sarvagata Netra Roga(~diseases afflicting all the parts of the eye.). The Chakshuendriya'sAtiyoga(constantly staring at the computer), Hinayoga(~working in a dimly lit environment without blinking), and Mithyayoga(~seeing very small fonts against a bright light) are all practices of the Chakshuendriya (~eye). The amount of time spent in front of a digital device screen, the working distance from the gadget to the eyes, and the frequency of use are some of the various considerations. For the eyes, AcharyaVagbatta recommended surface Dosha shamak (~pacification) and rejuvenating treatments. Ayurveda offers a comprehensive treatment to stop VDTS's (visual display terminal syndrome) extraocular and ocular issues. Through our text, Kriyakalpa therapeutic techniques, such as Netra-parisheka (~procedure for eye irrigation), Anjana (~collyrium), Nasya (~nasal installation), Tarpana (~eye nour-ishment), Padabhyanga(~foot massage), Nidra (~sleep), proper dietary regimen, Numerous eye exercises, and Yogic practices are also beneficial to the prevention of VDTS.

Using in silico tools to predict flame retardant metabolites for more informative exposomics-based approaches.

Introduction: The positive identification of xenobiotics and their metabolites in human biosamples is an integral aspect of exposomics research, yet challenges in compound annotation and identification continue to limit the feasibility of comprehensive identification of total chemical exposure. Nonetheless, the adoption of in silico tools such as metabolite prediction software, QSAR-ready structural conversion workflows, and molecular standards databases can aid in identifying novel compounds in untargeted mass spectral investigations, permitting the assessment of a more expansive pool of compounds for human health hazard. This strategy is particularly applicable when it comes to flame retardant chemicals. The population is ubiquitously exposed to flame retardants, and evidence implicates some of these compounds as developmental neurotoxicants, endocrine disruptors, reproductive toxicants, immunotoxicants, and carcinogens. However, many flame retardants are poorly characterized, have not been linked to a definitive mode of toxic action, and are known to share metabolic breakdown products which may themselves harbor toxicity. As U.S. regulatory bodies begin to pursue a subclass- based risk assessment of organohalogen flame retardants, little consideration has been paid to the role of potentially toxic metabolites, or to expanding the identification of parent flame retardants and their metabolic breakdown products in human biosamples to better inform the human health hazards imposed by these compounds. Methods: The purpose of this study is to utilize publicly available in silico tools to 1) characterize the structural and metabolic fates of proposed flame retardant classes, 2) predict first pass metabolites, 3) ascertain whether metabolic products segregate among parent flame retardant classification patterns, and 4) assess the existing coverage in of these compounds in mass spectral database. Results: We found that flame retardant classes as currently defined by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) are structurally diverse, with highly variable predicted pharmacokinetic properties and metabolic fates among member compounds. The vast majority of flame retardants (96%) and their predicted metabolites (99%) are not present in spectral databases, posing a challenge for identifying these compounds in human biosamples. However, we also demonstrate the utility of publicly available in silico methods in generating a fit for purpose synthetic spectral library for flame retardants and their metabolites that have yet to be identified in human biosamples. Discussion: In conclusion, exposomics studies making use of fit-for-purpose synthetic spectral databases will better resolve internal exposure and windows of vulnerability associated with complex exposures to flame retardant chemicals and perturbed neurodevelopmental, reproductive, and other associated apical human health impacts.

Research on ecological evaluation of an enterprise open innovation community website

PurposeWhile providing users with important innovation resources, an enterprise's open innovation community also encounters numerous challenges. The purpose of this study is to develop and implement a set of evaluation systems that can identify the ecological characteristics of open innovation communities. The ultimate goal is to provide guidance for the construction and establishment of these communities.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, from the perspective of information ecology, according to the connotation requirements of the four information elements of “people, information, technology and environment” in the information ecosystem, this paper determines the evaluation indicators of enterprise's open innovation community from the aspects of integrity and dynamics. Then, based on the improved analytic hierarchy process, the weight of each index is calculated, and a complete evaluation system of open innovation community is established. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to conduct empirical research on Haier Open Partnership (HOPE) platform, analyze its ecological situation and existing problems and put forward the corresponding construction recommendations.FindingsThe application of HOPE platform shows that the evaluation index system built in this study has good applicability, and the whole research process and research method have certain reference value for future studies. At the same time, the study found that the HOPE platform has good ecological characteristics, but there are also some problems. This study can directly promote the construction of the platform.Originality/valueThis paper, for the first time, combines the information ecology theory with the open innovation community. The results demonstrate that the open innovation community is an information ecosystem, which can be evaluated ecologically. Furthermore, to ensure the calculation's scientific accuracy, the index weight is determined by constructing a judgment matrix based on expert questionnaires.

Back from the rabbit hole. Theoretical considerations and practical guidelines on psychedelic integration for mental health specialists.

The growing interest in and prevalence of the use of psychedelics, as well as the potential benefits and negative consequences associated with psychedelic experiences, create a need for mental health specialists to be able to provide adequate and effective intervention regarding the content and consequences of these experiences, that is, psychedelic integration. At the same time, current graduate training in psychiatry, psychology, psychotherapy, counseling, etc., fails to adequately prepare professionals for such interventions. In order to fill this gap, an international, bottom-up project was established to attempt developing guidelines. This project was conducted by means of literature reviews as well as roundtable discussions among project participants, leading to a consensus on the guidelines' final scope and content. Drawing from the outcomes of this project, this article presents proposed comprehensive guidelines covering both theoretical and practical aspects of psychedelic integration, that are intended to serve as a resource for various mental health specialists who may encounter individuals in need of support considering their psychedelic experiences. These guidelines encompass clinician-friendly information on the effects of psychedelics, a definition of psychedelic integration, the general theoretical considerations linked to utilization of psychedelic experiences in clinical practice, a simple model organizing the course of psychedelic integration practice, as well as an overview of the current models of psychedelic integration, along with a selective presentation of basic and specific interventions derived from various psychotherapeutic approaches that can be employed in the practice of psychedelic integration.

Analyzing Corporate Social Responsibility Performance with the Weighted Product Model Method

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), frequently abbreviated as CSR, is set to assume a crucial role in corporate reporting. It has become customary for all companies to establish CSR policies and create annual reports outlining their CSR activities. This approach aids in distinguishing between socially responsible behaviors and those lacking in social responsibility, simplifying their identification. Presently, CSR is recognized as a sophisticated and globally accepted concept that has systematically evolved and developed. It has emerged as a universally acknowledged language and perspective that is increasingly gaining significance. In today's context, stakeholders are expected to prioritize more than just profit generation and compliance with legal requirements; companies are also anticipated to demonstrate a commitment to business growth alongside their CSR endeavors. CSR has now become an integral aspect of modern business operations. Regarding its social impact, CSR research serves as a tool to understand how businesses influence society and the contributions they make. This research investigates how businesses champion sustainable practices, address social and environmental issues, and contribute to enhancing local communities. By scrutinizing CSR initiatives and their outcomes, research sheds light on the positive influence corporations can have on society. Stakeholder engagement is a central focus of CSR research, underscoring the importance of involving diverse stakeholders such as employees, customers, suppliers, local communities, and investors. This study examines how businesses engage with and react to these stakeholders, aiming to foster collaboration, transparent communication, and the establishment of trust. By nurturing stronger relationships and exploring effective stakeholder engagement strategies, businesses can enhance their social acceptance and credibility. Sustainability stands as a central pillar of CSR research, significantly contributing to the advancement of sustainable business practices. This research explores how companies integrate resource efficiency, environmental considerations, and measures to address climate change into their day-to-day operations. By identifying successful sustainability initiatives, CSR research helps shape best practices and facilitates the transition toward a more sustainable economy. The Weighted product model (WPM), initially introduced by Deng to tackle challenges in Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), provides a framework that examines the sequential relationships, data types, and geometric patterns among measurable impacts in a communication evaluation model. In this specific context, the alternatives being considered are Community relations, Diversity aspects, Employee relations, Ecological environment, and Product aspects. The evaluation parameters include Ownership by family, Ownership by founder, Ownership by mutual funds, Ownership by banks and insurance firms, Ownership by employees (ESOP), Family CEO (represented as a dummy variable), Founder CEO (also a dummy variable), Debt/equity ratio, and Return on assets. The evaluation outcomes indicate that the Founder CEO (represented as a dummy variable) achieves the highest ranking, while ownership by banks and insurance firms receives the lowest rank in the assessment.

Secure Multi-Party Computation in Cloud-Based Collaborative Applications

This research considers the use of AWS technology with SAP applications and specific address business continuity and disaster recovery. A special emphasis is made on the advantages of the AWS solutions the elasticity, backup with automation and scaling up, the global redundancy, which makes traditional high availability and disaster recovery solutions obsolete. Issues such as integration issues and the cost aspect of integration are highlighted and followed by their solutions. This work shows how the AWS tools enhance the usability of SAP systems in terms of efficiency, extensibility, and fault tolerance in order to maintain business and operational sustainability. The identified information illustrates the numerous benefits obtained from the integration of AWS technologies in the modernization of SAP environments and improving SAP protection from vulnerabilities.

Rank Two Integral Aspects of Three Dimensional Lotka–Volterra Equations with Nonstandard Analysis

Rank Two Integral Aspects of Three Dimensional Lotka–Volterra Equations with Nonstandard Analysis

Semantic-specific and domain-general mechanisms for integration and update of contextual information.

Recent research has highlighted the importance of domain-general processes and brain regions for language and semantic cognition. Yet, this has been mainly observed in executively demanding tasks, leaving open the question of the contribution of domain-general processes to natural language and semantic cognition. Using fMRI, we investigated whether neural processes reflecting context integration and context update-two key aspects of naturalistic language and semantic processing-are domain-specific versus domain-general. Thus, we compared neural responses during the integration of contextual information across semantic and non-semantic tasks. Whole-brain results revealed both shared (left posterior-dorsal inferior frontal gyrus, left posterior inferior temporal gyrus, and left dorsal angular gyrus/intraparietal sulcus) and distinct (left anterior-ventral inferior frontal gyrus, left anterior ventral angular gyrus, left posterior middle temporal gyrus for semantic control only) regions involved in context integration and update. Furthermore, data-driven functional connectivity analysis clustered domain-specific versus domain-general brain regions into distinct but interacting functional neural networks. These results provide a first characterisation of the neural processes required for context-dependent integration during language processing along the domain-specificity dimension, and at the same time, they bring new insights into the role of left posterior lateral temporal cortex and left angular gyrus for semantic cognition.

Impact of Supply Chain Integration and Operational Flexibility on Service Quality

The pharmaceutical industry operates in a highly complex and competitive environment, demanding efficient supply chain management and operational flexibility to ensure service quality and customer satisfaction. This study examines the impact of supply chain integration and operational flexibility on service quality in a pharmaceutical distribution company. Using a mixed-method research design, data were collected from a pharmaceutical distribution company in terms of its supply chain integration practices, operational flexibility measures, and service quality performance. Quantitative data were obtained through surveys administered to employees involved in supply chain operations and customers, while qualitative data were gathered through interviews with key stakeholders. The qualitative analysis shed light on the mechanisms through which supply chain integration and operational flexibility affected service quality. Enhanced coordination and information sharing among supply chain partners were identified as critical aspects of successful integration, leading to improved order processing and timely deliveries. Similarly, operational flexibility enabled the distribution company to promptly respond to fluctuations in demand, optimizing inventory management, and meeting customer expectations.

The Impact of Supply Chain Integration to Supply Chain Responsiveness in Chinese Electronics Manufacturing Companies

The aim of the current research was to explore the relationship between supply chain integration and supply chain responsiveness in the electronics manufacturing industry in Guangdong, China. The research model conceptualized supply chain integration (comprising business process integration, system integration, and activity integration) as a key resource impacting the capability of firms to respond efficiently to changing consumer demands and market conditions. This research utilized the questionnaire to gathered data from 420 supply chain management professionals from electronics manufacturers in China. The gathered data was analyzed using PLS-SEM, which allowed us to examine the relationships between supply chain responsiveness, business process integration, activity integration and systems integration. The results obtained were interpreted and discussed in the context of previous literature and theories. The study findings reveal a positive correlation between the three aspects of supply chain integration and supply chain responsiveness. Respondents agreed that business process integration (mean = 4.822, standard deviation = 1.825), system integration (mean = 4.965, standard deviation = 1.809), and activity integration (mean = 5.243, standard deviation = 1.792) were essential determinants in developing supply chain responsiveness. This indicates that a higher level of integration in these areas can significantly enhance a firm’s ability to respond quickly and effectively to changes in the market. These findings are consistent with prior research, suggesting that these forms of integration are critical for supply chain performance. In the context of the electronics manufacturing industry in China, this research further validates the importance of these variables. Business process integration is first investigated as the determinant of supply chain responsiveness, especially in the electronics manufacturing companies of China. This study is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, one of the first to investigate the link between business process integration and supply chain responsiveness. Meanwhile, it is also seen as the new test of examining the influence of system and activity integration on supply chain responsiveness in the current business environment. The truth from the data analysis illustrated that even in the new business environment, both integration constructs (system integration and system integration) could affect the supply chain’s responsiveness. The study’s results provide valuable insights for practitioners and policy-makers in the electronics manufacturing industry. By focusing on enhancing business process integration, system integration, and activity integration, firms can increase their responsiveness to the dynamic market environment, thus improving overall performance.

Demystifying Breast Disease Markers.

Breast imaging radiologists regularly perform image-guided biopsies of suspicious breast lesions based on features that are associated with a likelihood of malignancy ranging from 2% to greater than 95% (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categories 4 and 5). As diagnostic partners, pathologists perform histopathologic assessment of these tissue samples to confirm a diagnosis. Correlating the imaging findings with the histopathologic results is an integral aspect of multidisciplinary breast care. Assessment of radiologic-pathologic concordance is vital in guiding appropriate management, as it enables identification of discordant results, minimizing the chance of misdiagnosis. Undersampling can lead to false-negative results, with the frequencies of false-negative diagnoses varying on the basis of multiple factors, including biopsy type (eg, core needle, vacuum-assisted needle), needle gauge, and type of lesion sampled at biopsy (ie, mass, calcifications, asymmetry, architectural distortion). Improving a radiologist's knowledge of macroscopic and microscopic breast anatomy and more common breast diseases and their expected imaging findings ensures more accurate radiologic-pathologic correlation and management recommendations. The histopathologic and molecular characteristics of biopsy-sampled breast lesions aid in making an accurate diagnosis. Hematoxylin-eosin staining provides critical morphologic details, whereas immunohistochemical staining enables molecular characterization of many benign and malignant lesions, which is critical for tailored treatment. The authors review commonly encountered benign and malignant breast diseases, their corresponding histopathologic phenotypes, and the histopathologic markers that are essential to clinching the diagnosis of these entities. As part of a multidisciplinary team that provides optimal patient care, radiologists should be knowledgeable of the foundations of histopathologic diagnosis and the implications for patient management to ensure appropriate radiologic-pathologic concordance. ©RSNA, 2023 Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.

The importance of integration of music education with social sciences in elementary school

TThis study analyzes the importance of cross-subject (cross-curricular) integration of the music education subject with social sciences in elementary school, from the perspective of primary school teachers. This research is important for the teachers of the relevant fields and aims to improve the cross-subject connection practices of music education and social sciences in schools, and it also aims to raise the awareness of the relevant educational institutions at the municipal and state level. The aspect of cross-curricular integration is very important for the development of students’ competencies. These competencies are related to the very goals of the pre-university education system of Kosovo clearly defined in the new Kosovo Curriculum Framework, as the main document in the hierarchy of official education documents in Kosovo. In order to identify the current situation, in this study a qualitative approach was used and by purposeful sampling different teachers have been chosen who work with grades 3, 4 and 5 (in the second curricular level), because this combination offers a diversity of educational units and greater opportunities for ways of integrating music education with social sciences. To address this topic, we collected research data through a semi-structured interview with a total of 15 primary school teachers which highlight the real situation regarding the importance, applicability and the challenges teachers face during the integration of music education with the subjects representing social sciences.