Integration In Asia Research Articles

Higher Education Policy in the Philippines and ASEAN Integration

Higher Education Policy in the Philippines and ASEAN Integration

Has Financial Integration of ASEAN and APEC Contributed to Economic Growth?

As globalization prevails, financial integration has been ongoing. The movement of globalization has occurred from the 1980s and a lot of attention has been paid to occurred issues from of aspects. This study focuses on whether financial integration in ASEAN and APEC promotes economic growth or not. These areas have attempted to tackle integration and cooperation and to achieve growth. Also, a global financial crisis occurred in the 1990s, and the 2000s made policy makers and business persons aware of potential contagion. Globalization sometimes has caused a contagion of financial crises. On the other hand, cooperation promoted recovery from the damaged economy in some areas. So the pros and cons have been examined, however, a definite answer whether financial integration is correct or not remains unknown. Using available data, empirical analyses are conducted in this study to examine the relationship between financial integration and economic growth. The empirical results show that financial integration has contributed to economic growth in ASEAN, however, this result cannot be applied clearly to APEC. The variety of participating countries in APEC may have affected the result. Moreover, there are some problems to be solved for sound economic growth for these areas.

Information and Communication Technology-Based Education Planning and Attitude of College Students

The ubiquity of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in every school framework in the world has become a trend. With ASEAN integration problems in 2015, can fresh and younger HEI's and their students cope with this trend? The goal of this analysis is to decide the preparedness and role of new HEI students in the field of ICT education. In this study a concise template utilizing a researcher-made questionnaire (α=.971) was used. The research findings show that students at college have a optimistic declaration ('agreement') on ICT use in education (x=3.71; S=.75). This was also shown that sex greatly affects the mindset of students (z=3.91, p=.00), where male attitudes are higher (x=3.91) than female attitudes (x=3.61). Moreover, it demonstrates that preparedness for ICT in general has little to do with the mindset of students towards the usage of ICT in school. Nonetheless, there is a important marginal positive association between ICT access and an attitude of significance to 0.05 (r=.15; p=.002; single-tailed), which suggests that the more a student gets introduced to ICT, the more he develops his attitude to ICT education. It was believed that ICT-based curriculum can be readily adopted and modified for the next several years by complete ICT adoption as the current educational framework. Current and younger HEIs will also spend more in ICT Accessibility and Connectivity to further boost ICT-based awareness and preparedness.

Responsiveness of Library Resources and Services in Ensuring Students’ Readiness towards ASEAN Integration

Academic libraries in the new millennium are leaders in knowledge management. Librarians in universities are innovative in their use of new information technologies to provide access to a range of multimedia sources. Today’s libraries teach students the information handling skills to last a lifetime. As the heart of the educational institution, the SPUP University library has a vital role to provide the necessary resources for the learning and research needs of its clients. Thus, this study was conducted to look into the responsiveness of SPUP library resources and services to ensure students’ readiness towards ASEAN integration. The results of the study clarified the extent of utilization of the library resources and availing of the services rendered. Likewise, the skills and competencies of the academic librarians which are needed to facilitate and foster involvement in the initiatives to be undertaken to strengthen the students’ readiness towards ASEAN integration were elicited from the respondents. Findings revealed that students’ utilization of library resources and services is to a great extent. Moreover, the library skills and competencies in the ASEAN integration among SPUP librarians is high. Meanwhile, the students chose to create library flyers and brochures for the promotion of the ASEAN integration as one of the prioritized initiatives to be implemented by the SPUP library to strengthen students’ readiness towards ASEAN integration.

Global trade and health: an Indonesian perspective on the asean medical device directive policy

Purpose: Health care equipment international trade could serve a new strategic revenue for Indonesia. Since its implementation in 2015, AFTA has been a very strategic issue in creating export opportunities for its member countries. One of the sectors that becomes a priority for ASEAN integration is in the field of medical devices which is regulated in the ASEAN Medical Device Directive (AMDD) policy. Indonesia itself has officially ratified AMDD policy since 2018, but Indonesia will have been facing the problem of quality, innovation and diversification of medical devices. This study examines the competitiveness opportunities for domestic medical devices in ASEAN Free Trade Area. Method: This study used a qualitative method where information was obtained from in-depth interviews and document review. The informants came from policy makers, implementing officers, and stakeholders. Results: Indonesia has harmonized 26 out of 31 standards mandated by AMDD. Conformity assessment bodies in Indonesia that have been certified by the National Accreditation Committee have received international recognition. Indonesia has many potential exporting innovative medical devices to ASEAN countries. Fulfillment of medical devices is carried out through compulsory licensing and parallel import mechanism.

Collaborative Training in Research Methodology: a case of Malaysia and Laos

One important aspect of the ASEAN vision is that ASEAN countries strive for equitable economic development and therefore concerted efforts must be made to narrow the development gap between ASEAN countries. This is prioritised in the Initiative for ASEAN Integration which outlines several activities that are designed to assist CLMV countries achieve deeper regional integration while supporting national development priorities and inclusive development. While there has been improvement, there is still significant variance in development achievements. The gaps are wide not only in achievements in income but also in education and health outcomes. This case study provides a description of a Malaysian and Lao collaboration in English language and research methodology training and the challenges faced in doing social science research among Lao academics. The collaboration addresses the developmental divide through knowledge exchange, engagement and collaboration, and capacity building in development between the parties involved.

Use of legal instruments in the ASEAN Economic Community building

ABSTRACT Using the official data of the ASEAN Secretariat, this paper applies a data-based approach to present the general trends of use of legal instruments in building the ASEAN Economic Community and ASEAN integration as a whole. ASEAN has intensified the use of legal instruments in the last five decades to reach 240 signed legal instruments by December 2020. With the frequent use of supplementary instruments, ASEAN takes a gradual and practical approach to integration. Consensus remains the key principle of decision-making in making legal instruments. There is no single legal instrument signed without consensus, even in the economic pillar. By contrast, ASEAN allows phased implementation. While a majority of ASEAN legal instruments enter into force only with full membership, many instruments also allow flexible participation (i.e., effective only among certain members). Such mechanism of flexibility is probably a way to progress integration in a group of diversity while continuing to respect the consensus principle in decision-making.

Application of Technical and Soft Skills in the First Job Experience by Accountancy Graduates in the Philippines: Implications for Accounting Curriculum Development

Currently, the labor workforce in the Philippines needs accountants brought about by the ASEAN integration. As such, there is a greater demand for universities to produce graduates who are ready to face the real world of business. To produce quality graduates, the technical and soft skills of the accountancy graduates must be in harmony. This study aimed to ascertain the technical and soft skills matching in relation to the first job experience of accountancy graduates. A descriptive-correlational design was utilized in this study. Stratified random sampling was utilized to get the 70-study sample. Self-constructed questionnaires were used in this study. Content validity was done by five experts. Percentages, mean, stand and regression were used in the analysis of data. The work profile revealed the following: 37.14% of accountancy graduates are working in the audit sector, 34.29% worked in General Accounting/Finance; 70% of respondents are currently working with 1 - 3 years of experience, while 30% working beyond 3 years from the date of graduation; 45.71% of the respondents underwent internship at Alas Oplas & Co. CPAs, and 58.57% of accountancy graduates who took the internship program spent at least 160 hours on their internship. Regression analysis revealed that the technical skills gained in the internship program of the accountancy graduates were significantly related to the technical skills applied during their first job experience. On the other hand, the Accountancy Program’s soft skills are significantly related to the soft skills applied during their first job experience.

Tracking Development Cooperation Contributions to ASEAN Integration and Community Building: Options for the ASEAN Secretariat,

Attained SCOPUS CiteScore of 1.4 in 2019. Attained Journal Citation Report (JCR) Journal Impact Factor of 0.717 in 2019.SCImago Journal and Country Rank (SJR) 2019 for the Asiatic Region: Ranked 1st in Political Science and International Relations; 1st in History; and 3rd in Arts and Humanities. Ranked 19th by Google Scholar Metrics 2020 in the category of “Asian Studies and History”.

Proficiency and Confidence Levels of English Language Students in Relation to ASEAN Integration's Regional Lingua Franca

The sole working language of ASEAN region is English. The Philippines as one of the members of ASEAN should adhere to this; that is why the Philippine government in coordination with the Philippine higher education mandates English as the medium of instruction in the tertiary level. This study was conducted to the graduating students of the Bachelor of Secondary Education majoring in English in a Philippine state university during the academic year 2015 to 2016 to determine their proficiency and confidence levels in English as regional lingua franca of Southeast Asia. Results showed that the respondents were confident in terms of their speaking skills, but they were not proficient in terms of their reading and writing skills. It was also found out that there was a significant difference in speaking when grouped according to the level of proficiency in reading. However, no significant difference was found in speaking when grouped according to the level of proficiency in writing. To prepare students to face the world of work and the ASEAN Integration, it was recommended that a more rigid admission policy be stipulated in the state university where this study was conducted. The university must be stricter and more cautious in selecting its students, especially those who apply for a specific area of specialization.

Integration of Rice Market in ASEAN

Rice, as a trading commodity in the ASEAN, has a pivotal role in economic, social, and political stability. The existence of the ASEAN Economic Community has provided some evidence that shows that market integration in ASEAN becomes apparent. This study analyzes rice import and export trends in the ASEAN, long-term, and short-term relationships among ASEAN rice markets, causality relationships, and impulse response analysis based on ASEAN’s rice prices. The data that is used in this research consists of annual rice data of import and export from Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippine, and Vietnam in 1989-2013 as well as monthly data on rice prices in 2012-2016. Trend analysis, Johansen co-integration test, Vector Auto Regression estimation (VAR) with Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Granger causality, and impulse response analysis are employed to answer the objective of this research. The results show that Indonesia’s import trend relatively constant, but export and import trends from Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and the Philippines increase every year. Long-term and short-term relationships exist among rice markets in ASEAN, with the pattern of causality relations as Malaysia affects the Philippines’ market, the Philippines’ market affects Vietnam’s market, and Vietnam’s market affects Indonesia’s rice market, but there are no reciprocal linkages. In the short run, Indonesia’s market is positively influenced by Malaysia and Thailand’s markets and negatively influenced by Vietnam’s rice market. Malaysia’s rice market is influenced by its rice price from the previous first and second months. Malaysia and Thailand’s markets positively influence the Philippines’ rice market. Indonesia’s rice market positively influences Thailand’s rice market. Vietnam’s rice market is positively influenced by the Philippines’ rice market from the first and third months.

Halal Tourism, Cerfication Regulation, and Research Institute Insigh From IMT-GT Countries: A Review

The Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle) began as an initial effort of liberalization and economic integration in ASEAN. IMT-GT was officially endorsed in 1993, provides a sub-regional framework to accelerate cooperation and economic integration to develop the country's economy. With the increasingly vigorous issue of halal, then established the institution to oversee and provide assurance against halal products. This article explains halal tourism, regulation on halal certification as well as research institute about halal. There are by providing the differences between the three developing countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Indonesia has regulation about concerning guarantee of halal products regulation UU number 33 year 2014. Malaysia has an advantage in terms of regulations and laws on halal certification, but not so with Indonesia as a country with a majority Muslim population. Indonesia has not made halal certification as a guarantee of food and beverage product safety. Indonesia also has a large and free halal market, clear rules, but in implementation it can be said to be weak. Whereas in Malaysia, halal research is quite strong and shows an increasing trend, public awareness about halal is also strong so that the process of certifying halal products goes synergistically. But in Thailand is still starting steps towards halal research. But on the other hand, producers in Thailand have a high awareness of the importance of producing halal products.

Job that fits for graduates in the Asean integration

Philippines now faces a big challenge with regards to the labor force. The ASEAN Economic Community was made to integrate the economies of the member-countries. The Philippines before was behind academically because of the curriculum used. To address the problem, the Philippines uses the K-12 Program which is an international standard and what the other members of ASEAN use. So, it is important to know what jobs are indemand so that the students will take the course for the specific job. This study is aimed to know the in-demand jobs of the Southeast Asian nations and to help the Filipinos what’s the best career path they should take for a bigger chance of getting employed in 2017. This study is only limited not beyond the year 2017. This study will help job-seekers to what jobs they have the best chance being employed.A quantitative approach was used in this study. Data were acquired from the 10 members of the Association of the Southeast Asian Nations. Those data are the employment, enrolment, and survival rate of the professionals in each country, in which the countries differ. The countries also differ in their supply, skills, wages, and productivity. From all the acquired information, the researchers found out that the Philippines is second in the highest number of unemployed youth and ranks fourth in the employment rate.The 10 countries also have different in-demand jobs. But all in all, the most in-demand job in Southeast Asia is engineering. This is followed by accounting, teaching, nursing, and IT.

Trump\u2019s Trade Policy, BREXIT, Corona Dynamics, EU Crisis and Declining Multilateralism

Since 1991 there has been a reinforcement of the World Market Economy, not least since China and the, then new Russian Federation have joined the World Trade Organization and because of EU Eastern enlargement and ASEAN integration deepening, while the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations seemed to indicate stronger regional integration dynamics. With the Trump Administration, the situation has changed dramatically as President Trump is supportive of neither multilateralism in general nor of the EU, which is weakened through BREXIT, in particular. Trump’s focus on the US merchandise trade balance deficit is ill-placed and import tariffs imposed on China seem to be excessive as the optimum tariff rate is miscalculated on the basis of the traditional formula – while a new adequate formula would include the role of sectoral US outward FDI stocks. Asia, the EU and the US could define fighting the Corona World Recession as a global public good, but the United States is weakened in the corona pandemic crisis; the EU is facing serious problems in avoiding a Euro Crisis 2 problem and the €750 billion EU loan package could undermine the Eurozone’s stability while being inadequate to minimize the risk of a Euro Crisis 2. At the same time, the prospects for EU cooperation are declining due to political disappointment concerning the national corona pandemic policy in some member countries. An effective anti-corona pandemic policy would mean to organize a consistent EU-ASEAN cooperation or a G20 cooperation with a later extension to UN Organizations, including the IMF, the World Bank and the WHO. Post-corona, global governance could change strongly because of the long-term political scarring effects of the pandemic shock which could undermine EU and Western stability. Networked international leadership in support of multilateralism is an innovative – but difficult - option for EU-ASEAN-Mercosur.

Sustainability of ASEAN integration, competition policy, and the challenges of COVID-19

Sustainability of ASEAN integration, competition policy, and the challenges of COVID-19

Brexit: As a Lesson and Challenge for ASEAN Integration or Vice Versa

Over the last few decades, ASEAN is considered as a copycat of the system of the European Union (EU). ASEAN is considered weaker, lacks strong support from its members, has less substantive achievements, and is nothing more than competition between ASEAN member countries, where the EU has gone further in its implementation. This assessment has recently been canceled. The EU is currently faced with a list of daunting challenges - the ongoing debt crisis in Greece, increasing criticism by right-wing political groups over the European Union's fundamental agreement on freedom of movement within the EU. The refugee crisis and the growing movement of secession from member states - Britain and Spain are the most prominent examples. Of course, the EU now faces its most significant and most existent challenge, political vortex and divisions with the launch of a referendum in Britain, which resulted in 'Brexit.' This paper tries to analyze how Brexit phenomenon is suspected to occur in ASEAN due to the principle of regionalism, clashes with the sovereignty of each member country. The method used is descriptive analysis with a literature review. Based on research, Brexit in the EU has a context and substance of regionalism that is different from the conditions that exist in ASEAN. Nevertheless, Brexit is an early warning for ASEAN, which has heterogeneous regionalism. Furthermore, ASEAN is pushing for centrality and strengthening ASEAN integration in responding to the turmoil and political change taking place in the Southeast Asian region.

Towards sustainable integration: The role of government in facilitating ASEAN integration through education cooperation

Economic integration is undoubtedly at the top of the agenda for the ASEAN Community. To pave the way for such integration, serious consideration should also be given to sociocultural aspects of the integration initiatives, especially education cooperation among member states, as such cooperation can act as a stepping stone to a heightened awareness of a regional integration and a growing sense of connectedness to the initiatives. The fact is, however, that ASEAN countries devote little attention to education cooperation compared with other aspects of cooperation. This paper critically examines the development of ASEAN integration by investigating the way in which ASEAN education cooperation arrangements are actualised for the benefit of regional integration. Through the examination, the paper discusses major theories of regional integration, using them to conceptualise ASEAN integration. It also discusses the concepts of government and governance vis-a-vis education, applying them to the ASEAN case.

Intra‐ASEAN student mobility: overview, challenges and opportunities

PurposeThis paper explores the issue of developing and enhancing intra-ASEAN international student mobility given the context of ASEAN integration, regionalization of ASEAN higher education and the various intra‐ASEAN student mobility schemes currently implemented.Design/methodology/approachIt explores higher education policies, available higher education and international student mobility data, as well as the various intra‐ASEAN (and relevant) student mobility schemes to present the current status of intra‐ASEAN student mobility, challenges and opportunities to further enhance student mobility within the ASEAN region.FindingsAside from showing that intra‐ASEAN student mobility is significantly low compared to outbound student mobility from ASEAN countries, the paper also highlights the relationship between a country’s income status with choice of intra‐ASEAN or extraASEAN student mobility. Finally, it recommends developing a comprehensive intra‐ASEAN mobility scheme taking the merits of the various intra‐ASEAN mobility schemes currently implemented and guided by developments in the European ERASMUS mobility programs.Originality/valueThis is probably the first (in fact, it is an exploratory) paper that address the issue of intra‐ASEAN international student mobility, which aims to explore relevant issues to address the development of a comprehensive ASEAN mobility scheme.

KEBIJAKAN POLITIK LUAR NEGERI INDONESIA DALAM INTEGRASI KERJASAMA DI ASEAN UNTUK MENYIKAPI PERMASALAHAN PEREDARAN NARKOBA

This article seeks to explain the Indonesian foreign policy in the integration of ASEAN cooperation related to the handling of drugs and drug trafficking. Illegal trade in drugs/hazardous materials in the form of narcotics or abbreviated Narcotics, is a challenge for the Indonesian government because it can threaten national security. This threat requires the government to increase regional and international vigilance and cooperation in handling drug problems optimally and effectively. Keywords: transnational crime , foreign policy, ASEAN integration cooperation

Philippine Education System: Are we Moving Forward?

Different countries around the world has different rich history and heritage that surrounds their educational system. As old as history, we can trace the evolution of the Philippine education thru different era of colonialism which transform on what it is today. ASEAN integration, internationalization, K to 12, Philippine qualifications framework, 21st century skills to name a few are the main reasons for its development and change. The foundation of the education system is now competitive more than before and this is true in the case of higher education as the state provide them the necessary financial support and assistance. It is very important that this educational transformation will lead us to nation building and transform our society for a better and sustainable future. The role of government, private sectors, religious groups, NGO’s and other parties involved are needed in order that future will looks promising otherwise it will move backward.