Abstract
The ASEAN’s preventive diplomacy is the new phenomenon in the regional architecture concerning with the living and breathing modern miracle in ASEAN. It has been one of the most substantial scenarios for all nation states to utilize and benefit form in term of common national interest and to divert major conflicts in the area of peaceful cooperation. The challenging issue in ASEAN is triggering political and security regional become tremendous problem, so ASEAN wouldn’t be ignorable and has to narrowly compromise those rising major issues, immediately. The South China Sea and the Rakhine State issues are the two common aspects undertaking and discussing urgently, and it will be an obstacle for ASEAN to move forward in ASEAN integration. The rises of China in Southeast Asia is also an area of concern for ASEAN’s efforts at preventing conflict because the confidence building has illustrated little progress in last a few years—after the signed DOC in 2002 but the progressing negotiation on the COC is now difficult to be finalized. Whereas the Rakhine State issue in Myanmar is better understanding as the human rights concerns and ASEAN would appreciate the hard efforts between Myanmar and Bangladesh Governments. However, Rohingyas crisis is uncompromisingly facing crackdown by both parties on other matters. In this regard, ASEAN diplomacy is applied by its roles and encourages powerful actors to take action with regards to the signatory MoU between Myanmar Government, UNDP and UNHCR in 2018. Facilitating the process of the repatriation of the displaced persons, is a positive measure to achieve solution for the people in Rakhine State. These sensitive issues are struggling ASEAN to quickly move on to the sustainable development, and also concern to all ASEAN partners especially the United Nations and the United States of America.
Highlights
In the context of multi-polarity system, states need balance of powers to strengthen their national interest and to safeguard their territory and sovereignty in term of political transformation
The preventive diplomacy could be grounded in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as well, which called on to narrow the roles of outsider parties by reinforcing ASEAN Centrality of non-interference to ASEAN Member States—the preventive diplomacy used in the ASEAN Regional Forum, defined as political action or diplomatic services compromised by states to prevent disputes or conflicts which caused to threat regional peace and stability, and could be diverted those conflicts that escalated into armed raises or state’s military confrontation especially avoid the impact of such disputes (Mancini, 2011)
The following are the summary of eight principles of the preventive diplomacy in the ASEAN Regional Forum’s talks (ARF): 1) “Diplomacy relies on diplomatic and peaceful methods; 2) Non-coercive; 3) Preventive rather than curative; 4) Trust and confidence; 5) Operates on the basis of consultation and consensus; 6) Voluntary only the request of all the parties directly involved in the dispute; 7) Applied to conflicts between and among states; 8) Conducted in accordance with basic principles of international laws (2001 ASEAN Regional Forum, Concept and Principles of Preventive Diplomacy, 2001)”
Summary
In the context of multi-polarity system, states need balance of powers to strengthen their national interest and to safeguard their territory and sovereignty in term of political transformation. ASEAN is strengthening its influences to all major power states according to its political, economic and socio-cultural model, but the political-security pillar was prioritized as extremely sensitive institution towards the development of the world political and geopolitical revolution especially in Asia-Pacific. Article 25, Establishment of Disputes Settlement Mechanism, of the ASEAN Charter expressed the use of the preventive diplomacy which said that how disputes should be solved by different mechanism. Linked with these characteristics, in Article 32 “ensure an effective and timely response to urgent issues or crisis situations affecting ASEAN, in-
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