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〈承認理論的創造論回歸〉讀後

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 能將宏闊的議題以綿密的剖析層層推進到一個深透的結論，是當下中國的哲學研究中罕見的品質。這種閲讀體驗筆者在唐文明教授的工作中屢屢獲得。唐教授在前著《彝倫攸數》當中，將黑格爾的承認理論作為古今中西和解，也即對傳統人倫進行“規範性重構”的可能示範。然而，他的工作並不止步於此。在〈承認理論的創造論回歸〉一文當中，他將思想的縱深進一步帶回到對黑格爾和霍耐特的剖析當中，並為其思想基底置換為“創造論”的。(撮要取自內文首段) This article is a reading of Professor Tang Wenming's article “The Protological Return of Recognition Theory”. The essay begins by dissecting Hegel's theory of recognition and Honnett's softened version of it, revealing the emptiness of its base, which lies fundamentally in the abandonment of the original source of creation. Then, through Augustine's notion of “memory,” it points to the foundational significance of the grace of creation for human relationships, thus returning to the pivotal significance of the “theory of heaven and man” in the Confucian tradition and, by extension, to the way in which the “Tian and man” generate concrete human relationships. This study demonstrates the fundamental significance of the “relationship between Tian and man” in the classical order and expects the modern world to return to this dimension of creationism.

Has constitutional pluralism ever been tried out? •

AbstractConstitutional identity has been viewed with suspicion by a number of orthodox EU law scholars. That suspicion is understandable in the light of the German approach to the issue of constitutional conflicts. The Bundesverfassungsgericht, which often sets the tone among constitutional courts in Europe, indeed tends to solve those conflicts on the sole basis of the Basic Law, with little consideration for EU law, thereby discrediting constitutional identity. This paper aims to show, against a background of comprehensive constitutional pluralism, that the German approach is not exclusive of more reasonable approaches by other constitutional courts, as witnessed in relation to the French and the Italian courts. It is on the basis of a pluralist reading of Article 4(2) TEU, as the EU law provision on the basis of which certain core elements of the national constitutions can be reasonably accommodated, that those constitutional courts have either devised constitutional identity or engaged with the CJEU within a shared constitutional framework that defines both the argumentative and substantive limits of constitutional identity. In so doing, far from representing a failure of constitutional pluralism, those constitutional courts stretch the latter to its ultimate limits in a way that has not yet been experienced.

Formation and Development of Comfortable Information Environment of Science at the University: Impact of the Library

The main activities of the Scientific Library of Belarusian National Technical University (ВNTU) aimed at the formation and development of a comfortable information environment for the University’s academic activities are described, including: organizing of redundancyof content and relative limitation of volume in the presented documentary flow, organizing of assistance in creating documents and promoting them to the “intellectual market”. Among the concrete forms of activities there are selection of serial publications for reading and submission of articles; development of the journals published by BNTU; creation and maintenance of open access resources; advisory work on registration in various systems of identification ofauthor profiles; various bibliometric studies. The issue of the coincidence of the implementationof the principles of “open science” with the conditions for the formation of a comfortable information environment of science is touched upon.

Spectres of Caste/Contagion: Death Anxiety and Caste Anxiety in U.R. Ananthamurthy’s Samskara

The article critiques the traversal politics of caste and contagion through a critical dissection of what comes as a primarily biomedical excess of the outbreak—the dead body. It elucidates upon the becoming of the dead body into an untouchable where its “right to die with dignity” is deferred. The article reasons this stigmatisation of the deceased as a result of anxiety ensued in the living population facing the outbreak crisis. Through a close textual reading of U.R. Ananthamurthy’s novel Samskara (1965), the article elaborates on the othering discourse of outbreaks and discusses the type of socio-immune response exhibited by a casteist body politic. The novel centres its narrative around a plague-stricken Brahmin community where the contested dead body of pestilence triggers an endless debate of humanistic morals and ethics. By equipping the Derridean lens of hauntology, the article reads Samskara as an outbreak narrative which informs about the social unpreparedness and indecisiveness expressed by caste groups. The article discusses two types of anxieties expressed in such a caste-based society, namely death anxiety and caste anxiety. It mediates how these anxieties are produced in inversion, creating a unique pattern of social instability and inertia with relevance to the socio-political discourse of India. The epiphenomenon of inverted anxieties in India is presented as a subverted narrative from the global patterns of anxiety charged by microbial invasions. Finally, the article examines how the dead regains spectral agency in order to reveal the social pathology of a community doubly infected with caste and contagion.

Rahab, Identity Transformation, and Reconciliation in the African Great Lakes Communities

Abstract African communities are plagued by the cult of origins. Identity has become an important factor in how people manage their communities and relationships. The role of identity in social and political life has caused frustrations and violence, placing identity politics at the forefront of scholarly discourse as well as discussions of policymakers, community builders, and reconciliation activists, especially in postcolonial Africa. As part of the Great Lakes Initiative’s efforts to foster reconciliation among communities in Africa, this article reads the story of Rahab in the context of the desperation caused by the cult of identity and suggests that African Christians broaden their understanding of who “their people” are.

“Listening to the Multiple and Multispecies Voices of the Crisis”: Climate Change in Two Cetacean Fictions by Vandana Singh

This article reads two cetacean tales—“Entanglement” and “Requiem”—by the prominent South Asian writer of science fiction, Vandana Singh, to evaluate her portrayal of ordinary dimensions of living and existing in situations impacted by climate change. While cetaceans often function as an exotic alien other in science fiction and in cultural fantasies, Singh places her cetacean tales among Indigenous communities in the North Arctic region. Communities like the Inuits and the Iñupiat share relationships of collaborative reciprocity with cetaceans like belugas and bowhead whales. Deploying the geographer’s Chie Sakakibara’s concept of “cetaceousness”—complex, co-constitutive and quotidian relationships among humans and cetaceans in the North Arctic—this article studies Singh’s merger of realism and speculation in her representation of the impact of global warming on populations for whom climate change is not a catastrophe waiting in the future, but whose effects have seeped into the minutiae of the everyday and the ordinary.

JUDGE'S DECISION ON LEGALIZATION AND/OR LICENSING OF INTERFAITH MARRIAGES

This study intends to explore and evaluate the wording of legality and licensing of interfaith weddings as mentioned in the Purwokerto District Court Decision No. 54/Pdt.P/2019/PN. Pwt. and the Surabaya District Court Decision No. 916/Pdt.P/2022/PN. Sby. In addition to studying and assessing the basis of the ratio decidendi used by courts to determine the legality of marriages between individuals of different religions, as required by law. This form of investigation is legal investigation. This investigation will employ the Statute Approach, Case Approach, and Conceptual Approach. The findings suggest that the conflict between the necessity of recording marriage events in state papers and the necessity of marital validity must end immediately. Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law is extremely subjective, allowing for multiple interpretations, and at the level of implementation, these norms are very easily prepared, allowing them to be implemented and gain state legitimacy without requiring individuals to abandon their religion or original beliefs. The state must be present to defend the beliefs of its citizens, uphold its fundamental rights, and legitimize all legal activities conducted by its residents. Decision No. 68/PUU-XII/2014 of the Constitutional Court affirmed that religious law must be a factor in evaluating the validity or invalidity of marriage, including the invalidity of interfaith marriages. Consequently, the Constitutional Court's Decision No. 68/PUU/XII/2014 has instructed and offered instructions for the right, fair, and scientific reading, understanding, and interpretation of Article 2 Paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 1974 in accordance with legal science.

Slums, Villas Miseria, and Barriadas: Why Terms Matter

Building upon previous debates surrounding the English-language term slum, this article argues that slum stigmatizes the spaces and subjects that it refers to not only because it evokes nineteenth-century imaginaries of pauperism and crime but also for the sweeping gesture that it implies; for its refusal to observe in depth the experience of those who inhabit the spaces at stake and the interests associated. Intended as a universal term, “slum” can refer to such disparate urban typologies as inner-city high-rise tenements, low-rise overcrowded housing, and peripheral shantytowns, which empties it of specific meaning and converts it into an abstract container on to which external agendas are projected. To further demonstrate this point, the article reads slum alongside the seemingly analogous yet more specific Argentine and Peruvian terms villas miseria, barriadas and pueblos jóvenes, fields of dispute whose meanings have been contested by different actors, including residents, from the outset.

Continuing professional development of Jordanian physiotherapists: A survey of activities, facilitators and barriers

BACKGROUND: Engagement in continuing professional development (CPD) has recently become a mandatory requirement for practice in Jordan. This was part of the Jordanian government strategy to advance healthcare. AIMS The study aimed to draw the landscape of CPD for Jordanian physiotherapists. The activities, attitudes, and workplace environment related to CPD were explored. METHODS: A quantitative web-based survey was used to collect data. The survey was open for potential participants for three months from 29/01/2020. Only physiotherapists practicing in Jordan; and involved in direct patient care were invited to take part. Descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS: Eighty-six Physiotherapists representing multiple cities in Jordan completed the survey. The percentage of female participants was 52.3%. Most participants were general physiotherapists (N = 42). Around 13% held a post graduate qualification. Most participants fulfilled the required number of CPD hours. The main driver for engagement in CPD was advancing knowledge (N = 47, 55%), followed by improving patients’ care (N = 22, 26%), and maximising opportunities for employment or promotion. Participants engaged with local workshops, reading articles in medical journals, and attending theoretical lectures in the workplace. The main barriers to engage with CPD were the high financial burden (N = 65, 76%), inability to travel (N = 40, 47%), and time limitations (N = 33, 38%). CONCLUSION: This study is the first to provide evidence of the activities, motivators, and barriers to CPD in a sample of Jordanian physiotherapists. Findings are important in informing healthcare policymaking. It offers directions to maximise the impact of CPD.

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Demystifying Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions and practices of learning-oriented assessment (LOA): challenges and prospects in focus

As a growing approach to assessment, learning-oriented assessment (LOA) has recently flourished to position learning at the center of assessment practices. It aims to unify assessment, teaching, and learning. However, little is written and known about its benefits, challenges, and practices in English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts. To shed light on these aspects, the present study was a bid to unpack Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions about the benefits, challenges, and professional activities that facilitate LOA understanding and practice. To this end, 40 EFL teachers including both genders were invited to a semi-structured interview held in person. The results of the thematic analysis obtained by MAXQDA revealed that Iranian EFL teachers had different perceptions regarding LOA. They argued that LOA is a process-based, feedback-oriented, formative, and alternative assessment technique that foregrounds feedback and progress rather than the final outcome. Furthermore, it was identified that LOA can be practiced by using alternative assessment, performance assessment, dynamic assessment, peer assessment, self-assessment, and portfolio assessment. Likewise, the results demonstrated that LOA is beneficial in enhancing classroom interaction, collaboration, and engagement, integrating assessment, teaching, and learning, and monitoring students’ progress. However, the time budget, large classes, and teachers’ lack of knowledge and training on LOA were perceived as challenges for applying LOA. Furthermore, it was found that Iranian EFL teachers supported the use of training courses, reading articles and books, and attending assessment-related workshops, webinars, seminars, and conferences to improve LOA knowledge and skills. The study provides implications for EFL teachers and trainers, who can use different assessment techniques/practices representative of LOA.

Ambivalent Man: The Is-and-Isn't World of Ralph Ellison's “Tell It Like It Is, Baby”

Ralph Ellison's long-neglected essay “Tell It Like It Is, Baby” (1965) has lately received increased critical attention as a revealing paratext for Ellison's unfinished second novel. Yet little has been said about that essay's conspicuous psychosexual themes or its confoundingly ambivalent rhetoric of avowal and disavowal. Nor have scholars yet charted the essay's unique evolution over a full decade's worth of drafts and revisions. Drawing on original archival research, this article reads “Tell It” as responding to two contexts that for Ellison were both achingly personal and pressingly political: first, the often hostile criticism he endured from the ideological left during the 1960s, and second, his deep-seated antipathy to the sociology of race. Both of these contexts carried psychological implications concerning Black masculinity and the fates of fatherless Black families such as the one in which Ellison was raised. (His essay largely narrates “a personal dream” that symbolically equates Lincoln's assassination with the untimely death of Ellison's own father.) In obliquely writing back to his critics and to then-regnant theories about Black lives, Ellison mingles quasi-confessional feints with strident denials and abrupt volte-faces in ways that elude any straightforward interpretation. Yet this very tangle of contradiction may itself be his way of “telling it like it is”: of exploring the massive contradictions of US history and American identity that, for Ellison, must inform any individual or collective effort to make sense of “our orphan's loneliness.”

Bidirectional long-short term memory and conditional random field for tourism named entity recognition

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The common thing to do when planning a trip is to search for a tourist destination. This process is often done using search engines and reading articles on the internet. However, it takes much time to search for such information, as to obtain relevant information, we have to read some available articles. Named entity recognition (NER) can detect named entities in a text to help users find the desired information. This study aims to create a NER model that will help to detect tourist attractions in an article. The articles used for the dataset are English articles obtained from the internet. We built our NER model using bidirectional long-short term memory (BiLSTM) and conditional random fields (CRF), with Word2Vec as a feature. Our proposed model achieved the best with an average F1-Score of 75.25% compared to all scenarios tested.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Appropriate Feminisms: Ambivalence and Citational Practice in Appropriate Behavior

Abstract Across her body of work in film, television, and digital media, Desiree Akhavan has captured the awkward politics of cultural production for female filmmakers and media-makers. Yet she has also refused to straightforwardly align her work with feminist critiques of dominant cultural production practices, however much she is interpellated by them. Akhavan, a queer woman of color in a racist, sexist, and homophobic industry, negotiates both contemporary feminism's potentials for solidarity and its intersectional shortcomings. Akhavan's autobiographical characters wrestle with the need for social justice while questioning the “appropriate behaviors” demanded by serious commitments to the cause. Her work reveals the ambivalence of feminist attachments. This article reads the queer feminist politics of Akhavan's work, with a particular focus on her debut feature Appropriate Behavior (UK/US, 2014), through the lens of citational practice. The author argues that Akhavan employs citational codes that function in Clare Hemmings's words as a “storytelling tactic,” sustaining normative narratives about feminism's recent past. By employing an ambivalent trope that the author calls citation→disavowal, Akhavan troubles both the dominant cultures she is excluded from and the viability and legibility of her place within the movements that resist them.

Prowling in London: Canines in Bram Stoker’s Dracula

Dracula first appears in front of the British public in England not as a gentleman but in the form of “an immense dog.” This article reads Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897) in the context of human-animal encounters happening on the streets of London when the fear of rabid dogs swept the city. Victorian urban projects aimed at building an urban structure securing human control over animals. Yet this vision was disrupted by the ubiquitous presence of stray dogs in London and their alleged infection with rabies. Dracula’s and Un-Dead Lucy’s prowling in London emblematize this threat of urban stray dogs. The novel’s narratives also prowl, emulating animal intelligence in the way they rely on instant perception lacking reflection and leading to a hunt. This temporal immediacy and chasing mobility of prowling narratives envision co-evolutionary intelligence, dissolving the human-animal binary which structured the domestication, or the anthropocentric urbanization, of the city.

Out of the Closet and Into the Home: Gertrude Stein, Alice B. Toklas, and the Affordances of the Domestic Interior

The domestic sphere was of great importance to Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas. Indeed, their home in Paris was a social epicenter of expatriate modernism. This article reads Stein’s experimental literature of 1908 to 1920 to understand the identificatory and relational processes that the affordances of the domestic space make possible. It situates the queer in Stein as a domestic phenomenon, arguing that queer bonding and identity formation happen, for her, most meaningfully in the home.

STRATEGY USED BY THE ENGLISH DEBATERS OF UKM BAHASA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR IN DEVELOVING THEIR SPEAKING SKILL

This research aimed to find out the learning strategy are used by English Debaters in Speakng Skill at UKM BAHASA Universitas Muhammadiyah and the reason why do the English debaters use those strategy. The data were collected in July 2022 from 5 debaters of UKM BAHASA Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. This research used a descriptive qualitative method, and the instruments used an interview. The findings of this research show that learning strategy are used by English Debaters in Speakng Skill at UKM BAHASA Universitas Muhammadiyah are Watching video on YouTube, Read articles, Group discussion, Self-correction, and Self-talk strategy. The result of the interview of this research showed that mostly the reason why do debaters used those strategies because the strategies are easy to access, easy to imitiate and they can do wherever and whenever they wants to enjoy it.

Elongator and the role of its subcomplexes in human diseases.

The Elongator complex was initially identified in yeast, and a variety of distinct cellular functions have been assigned to the complex. In the last decade, several research groups focussed on dissecting its structure, tRNA modification activity and role in translation regulation. Recently, Elongator emerged as a crucial factor for various human diseases, and its involvement has triggered a strong interest in the complex from numerous clinical groups. The Elongator complex is highly conserved among eukaryotes, with all six subunits (Elp1-6) contributing to its stability and function. Yet, recent studies have shown that the two subcomplexes, namely the catalytic Elp123 and accessory Elp456, may have distinct roles in the development of different neuronal subtypes. This Commentary aims to provide a brief overview and new perspectives for more systematic efforts to explore the functions of the Elongator in health and disease.

Transatlantic Letters and Settler Identities: Jane White Writes to Ireland, 1849–1865

This article reads one side of a transatlantic correspondence, that of Irish emigrant Jane White, who relocated to Canada in 1849, during a time of high migration from Ireland to Canada. The point of reading her one-sided correspondence is because it challenges scholars in both material and theoretical ways. Jane’s letters are a richly complicated source for such an undertaking, allowing readers to assess the impact of material circumstances and the “mechanics of colonization” as they shape and inform the epistolary platform upon which Jane White rehearses Protestant and middle-class identities. These identity affiliations—which act as connective tissue to the land of her birth, and which she reinforces in letter writing—are concretely tied to the processes of colonization and settlement, but complicated by being Irish. Despite the relative comfort of her family, Jane’s letters to Eleanor Wallace reveal a young Irish woman struggling to maintain her identity in the face of prejudice. The following examination of her letters suggests ways of situating the personal letter in settler histories by focusing on Jane White’s engagement with questions of identity, social status, and colonial relations within the epistolarium, the discursive world that is shaped by and created within the dialogic field of the letter and the material factors of its creation.

Association of Excessive Screen Time in Children with Language Delay During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

AbstractBackground: Covid-19 pandemic and the associated of lockdown have confined children to their homes and have resulted in an exponential increase of screen use in children. The environment in which the child grows may either stimulate or inhibit their development in such a sensitive period. Language development of children starts early in infancy and surges in 2 years of life, updated knowledge about association of language delay with its aggravating risk factor, such as excessive screen time. Aim: scrutinize the association of increased risk of language delay in children under two years old with any screen time or screen time more than 1 hour in children 2-5 years old. Method: We make clinical question. We include studies from PubMed and Google Scholar on January 13th 2022. In the end, we have got three full reading articles. Result: Full reading article by Hauvel et al (2019), Varadarajan S et al (2021), and Collet M et al (2019) were choosen to discuss in this article review. Study by Hauvel et al (2019) and Varadarajan S et al (2021) describe that having screen time more than the recommendation from AAP would lead to delay language domain. Collet M et al (2019) found that children that had screen time before go to school and never discuss to their parents about what they are watching would have 6 time risk for develop primary language disorder. Conclusion: There is a correlation between excessive screen time in children and language delay.Keywords: covid-19, children, language delay, pandemic, screen time