This work seeks to analyze the discourse of informed social actions of the Duque de Caxias Refinery (REDUC- PETROBRAS), located in the municipal district of Duque de Caxias (neighboring Rio de Janeiro), from a conceptual perspective of Bourdieu, and from the point of view of local actors: residents in the region where the company is located and representatives of the local municipal government, REDUC and of NGO’s and Social Projects supported by Petrobras. Despite the development of the refinery complex (responsible for producing around 242,000 barrels/day), Duque de Caxias still reflects a Brazilian paradox: it appears among the top ten municipal economies in the country and also holds the 1,782nd position in the national Human Development Index (IDH). Petrobras is the biggest Brazilian company, world’s third energy group and endures many efforts in the CSR and sustainability areas. Semi-structured interviews conducted with different local actors showed that company is seen as a symbol of a socially responsible company within the region in which it operates, and it does generate employment and income, however, local actors are unable to identify such actions in practice.