Areas Of International Cooperation Research Articles

The principles of criminal law in the aspect of protection of constitutional rights of citizens

Description. The purpose of the article is to identify the subject of crimes related to the violation of confidentiality of telephone conversations transmitted by means of communication or through a computer, to qualify the criminal activity properly and to distinguish them from other crimes and misdemeanors. The purpose of the article also covers the issues of the principles of criminal law, which can solve the problems of formulating certain rules of the law on criminal liability, designed to protect the constitutional rights and freedoms of an individual. Methodology. In the course of the study general and special methods of the legal science were used: comparative and legal method; formal and dogmatic method; dialectical method; statistical method. The results of the study made it possible to identify the areas for improving the principles of criminal law for breach of confidentiality of correspondence, telephone, telegraph or other kinds of correspondence transmitted by means of communication or through the computer, and the areas of international cooperation in this area. Practical implications. According to the results of the research, some proposals were made for a more precise formulation of the characteristics of the object as well as the elements of the objective element of the crime under consideration. Value / originality. Based on the authors’ approach to identifying the subject matter of a crime, which involves liability for violation of confidentiality of correspondence, telephone conversations, telegraph or other correspondence transmitted by means of communication or through a computer, it was determined what features of the subject matter of the crime in question should be recorded in laws and what principles of criminal law can solve the task set by the study.

DIRECTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF TRAINING OF POLICE STAFF

The scientific article examines the issues of areas of international cooperation in the field of police training. Emphasis is placed on the best practices of Western Europe, the United States and Canada. At first it was emphasized that in modern conditions there is a rapid development of international relations on the principles of integration and mutual enrichment, and not on the terms of rigid differentiation. It is determined that the interaction is especially evident in the field of international cooperation of European law enforcement agencies. The author found that international police cooperation is carried out in several main areas: 1) assistance in training for foreign law enforcement agencies; 2) joint research of problems of struggle against offenses; 3) exchange of experience in the field of police training; 4) provision of logistical and advisory assistance. Emphasis is placed on the fact that an important factor is the recognition by the international community among other areas and the need for cooperation in the field of personnel training. The author formulates the main directions of international cooperation in the field of police training, in particular: integration into international bodies and organizations in the field of police training; integration into international police educational institutions; integration into the education system of leading foreign educational institutions, study of experience, analysis of the work of structural units, study of the scale of social activity, the field of scientific research, etc .; creating conditions for the development of police education in a particular country with the help of international partners and the experience of foreign countries; provision-receipt on a mutual, and more often on a unilateral basis to foreign colleagues of means of equipment, communication, equipment for use in police training. Finally, it is noted that the most intensive and effective police cooperation is carried out by the police of highly developed countries with similar economic, political and social conditions, similar legal attitudes and principles of law enforcement.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The authors of this article briefly note the relevance of this topic; give the composition of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation; consider the features of the development and functioning of this zone; briefly analyze the rich and diverse natural resource potential of the Arctic zone of Russia with the identification of natural and anthropogenic trends in the state of the zone and areas of international cooperation in the Russian Arctic with the identification of environmental threats. The authors in a concise form consider some features of the spatial development of the economy of this Arctic zone, as well as the formation and development of the Northern Sea Route, highlight the most important problems in the western, central and eastern parts of the zone. In conclusion, the authors draw brief conclusions from the entire set of problems they have considered.

Ecological background of the transboundary protected touristic territory in Western Altai

Among the priority areas of international cooperation, environmental activities and the environmental imperative can be distinguished, which is directly reflected in the development of networks of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of bordering countries, represented by various forms of organization of environmental institutions (biosphere reserves, nature reserves, national and natural parks, wildlife sanctuaries, etc.). International transboundary territories can often include objects of environmental protection and conservation of biological and landscape diversity of border regions, in particular, transboundary SPNA. The article deals with the organization of transboundary tourist areas in the Altai, including environmental institutions – transboundary conservation and tourist territories (TCTT). As an example, the transboundary biosphere reserve "Great Altai" on the basis of the State Natural Biosphere Reserve "Katunsky" (Russia, Altai Republic) and Katon-Karagay State National Natural Park (Kazakhstan, East-Kazakhstan region) is given. It is proposed to organize SPNA in the Russian-Kazakh border area of the Western Altai – Altai Krai (Russia) and East-Kazakhstan Region (Kazakhstan). Analyzed and evaluated the natural and tourist potential and protected areas of the region for the organization of SPNA in Western Altai.

Human Rights as a Common Interest of the International Community under the Law of International Responsibility

Human rights are playing an increasingly important role in the functioning and development of society, and the international legal regulation of the sphere of inter-State cooperation on human rights has acquired a number of specific features that have a significant impact on the development of various institutions of international law, including the law of international responsibility. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features and problems of implementation of the methodology of ensuring the common interest of the international community as a whole that includes protection of human rights under the law of international responsibility. The author considers the category “common interests of the international community as a whole,” and explores its importance in the process of intensification of interstate cooperation in the field of human rights. It is noted that such instruments of ensuring the implementation of the common interests of the international community as a whole as norms of jus cogens and obligations erga omnes predetermine the specifics of the content of the secondary rules of the law of international responsibility. These include rules establishing circumstances precluding the wrongfulness of an act, establishing the consequences of serious breaches of obligations arising from peremptory norms of international law governing the invocation of responsibility by a State other than an injured State. The author emphasizes the significance of the instruments under consideration in the process of establishing the features of the content of individual constructions of the law of international responsibility. Attention is drawn to the fact that implementation of the common interest of the international community as a whole ensuring promotion and protection of human rights in the law of international responsibility entails some difficulties arising due to the lack, inter alia, of consensus concerning methodology for classifying international law as jus cogens norms and the existence of different approaches to understanding the content and structure of human rights per se. It is concluded that, despite the existence of these problems, it is impossible to deny the significant influence of norms of jus cogens and obligations erga omnes on the content of international legal regulation of various areas of international cooperation in the context of the growing trend towards the communitarization of international law and humanization of international relations.

Passive houses for active students – Providing knowledge about eco-efficient buildings

The OeAD-Housing Office is a non-profit organisation in the area of international cooperation in education, science and research in Austria. We cooperate with our parent company OeAD-GmbH as well as various Austrian student residences and partner universities worldwide. The main responsibility is accommodating international and national students in Austria’s university towns. Our success story started with the construction of the first halls of residence built according to the passive house standards world-wide in Vienna in 2005. Since its completion, the OeAD-Guesthouse Molkereistraße has accommodated 280 international students and guest professors per semester. We are successful in managing a total of 8 student guesthouses in the passive house design constructed in Vienna, Graz and Leoben.This paper describes the benefits of passive houses and raising awareness for eco-efficient buildings. We focus on two OeAD-Guesthouses in Austria and highlight their design, architecture and what it is like to live in both of them. Upon request we are also able to propose the OeAD-Guesthouse PopUp dorms. As we want to share our knowledge with the rest of the world we initiated 2 summer universities which pay attention to ecological buildings and the financial and economic system. We also draw attention to several awards we have won during the past years.

Organizational and economic levers to activate the cooperation of the Chinese People's Republic and Ukraine in the sphere of tourism, resorts and hotel management

Organizational and economic levers to activate the cooperation of the Chinese People's Republic and Ukraine in the sphere of tourism, resorts and hotel management

التعاون الدولی فی مکافحة الإرهاب فی النظام السعودی والفقه الإسلامی والاتفاقیات الدولیة

ملخص البحث التعاون الدولی فی مکافحة الإرهاب فی النظام السعودی والفقه الإسلامی والاتفاقیات الدولیة سلطان بن محمد بن عبدالله آل موسى الشهرانی باحث قانونی بوزارة العدل بالمملکة العربیة السعودیة souzy6748@gmail.com لخص فی التعرف على مفهوم التعاون الدولی فی اللغة والنظام والنظام السعودی والفقه الإسلامی وتعریف جرائم الإرهاب فی اللغة والنظام السعودی والفقه الإسلامی وما هو دور التعاون الدولی فی مکافحة الإرهاب فی النظام السعودی والفقه الإسلامی من خلال الاتفاقیات الدولیة الجماعیة والثنائیة . أهداف البحث : 1-التعرف على مفهوم التعاون الدولی . 2-تحدید مفهوم مصطلح الجرائم الإرهابیة . 3- ما هو دور التعاون الدولی فی مکافحة الإرهاب فی النظام السعودی والفقه الإسلامی . 4- ما هو دور الاتفاقیات الدولیة فی مکافحة الإرهاب. المنهج المتبع فی البحث : المنهج التحلیلی الاستقرائی . النتائج 1- یعرف التعاون الدولی بأنه طریقة من طرق العلاقات الدولیة تهدف إلى تنفیذ سیاسة محددة خلال فترة زمنیة معینة فی مجال أو عدة مجالات 2- مجالات التعاون الدولی تتمثل فی ثلاثة عناصر: 1-التعاون الدولی فی مکافحة جرائم الإرهاب . 2-التعاون الدولی الآمنى لتسلیم المجرمین . 3-التعاون القضائی . التوصیات : 1-تعزیز فکرة التعاون الدولی فی الجرائم الإرهابیة حتى یستطیع المجتمع الدولی القضاء على هذه الآفة الخطیرة . 2-عقد مؤتمرات وندوات ولقاءات بین جمیع الدول المعنیة بمکافحة الإرهاب حتى تستطیع الآلیات لمکافحة هذه الظاهرة . 3-مد ید العون والمساعدة من الدول الغنیة إلى دول المواجهة للقضاء على الفکر المتطرف. الکلمات المفتاحیة : 1-الفقه 2- التعاون الدولی 3- جرائم الإرهاب 4- الشریعة الإسلامیة 5- الاتفاقیات الدولیة 6- مجالات التعاون الدولی Research Summary International cooperation in combating terrorism in the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence And international conventions Sultan bin Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Musa Al Shahrani Legal Researcher, Ministry of Justice, Saudi Arabia souzy6748@gmail.com The research summarizes the definition of the concept of international cooperation in the language and the system and the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence and the definition of crimes of terrorism in the language and the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence and what is the role of international cooperation in the fight against terrorism in the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence through international collective agreements and bilateral. Research goals : 1. Identify the concept of international cooperation. 2. Defining the concept of the term terrorist crimes. 3- What is the role of international cooperation in combating terrorism in the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence? 4 - What is the role of international conventions in the fight against terrorism. Research Methodology: Inductive analytical approach Results 1. International cooperation is defined as a method of international relations aimed at the implementation of a specific policy within a certain period of time in one or several areas. 2. The areas of international cooperation are three elements: International cooperation in combating terrorism crimes. 2. International security cooperation for extradition. 3. Judicial cooperation. Recommendations: 1. Promote the idea of ​​international cooperation in terrorist crimes so that the international community can eliminate this dangerous scourge. 2 - Holding conferences, seminars and meetings between all countries concerned with combating terrorism so that mechanisms can combat this phenomenon. 3 - extending a helping hand and help from rich countries to the frontline countries to eliminate extremist thought. key words : 1- Jurisprudence 2- International Cooperation 3- Terrorist Crimes 4- Islamic Sharia 5- International Agreements 6- Fields of International Cooperation

The Achievements of Białystok School of Criminology

The aim of this article is to bring the most important achievements of Bialystok School of Criminology closer to the readers. The Faculty of Law of the University of Bialystok, specifically the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, is one of the leading Polish academic entities conducting extensive research in the field of criminology. In 2016, in the ranking organized by the Rzeczpospolita daily newspaper, the Faculty received the highest score of all the evaluated Polish universities which have law faculties, both state and private, in the area of international cooperation. What is more, Bialystok is the leader in the 2017 ranking of the 25 faculties of law of Polish universities, prepared as a result of the most important evaluation performed every four years by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and was awarded the highest (A) category. The paper presents not only the international criminology conferences and research that Bialystok School of Criminology has been part of, but also its own initiatives both at the national and international level. For example one of the pioneering ventures on a national scale was the 1st Poland-wide Forum of Young Criminologists held by the Faculty of Law of the University of Bialystok as a regular event. One of the most impressive recent initiatives of BSC was the creation of the International Centre for Criminological Research and Expertise. The paper contains more information about the projects mentioned and others as well as an introduction to the diverse and interdisciplinary topics undertaken by Bialystok’s criminologists.

International cooporation in criminal procedure to meet the requirement of globalization trend and international intergration.

On the basis of the new approach, especially the approach to rights in international cooperation in criminal procedures, the article mentions the theory and the practice to improve the efficiency of international cooperation in the criminal procedure in the context of globalization, international integration in Vietnam. The contents of the article include: and areas of international cooperation in criminal procedure; The practice of international cooperation in criminal procedure in Vietnam; Requiring to improve of law and raising the effectiveness of international cooperation in criminal procedure in the context of international integration.

INTEGRATION OF DROHOBYCH IVAN FRANKO UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC STAFF INTO THE EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL SPACE IN AN INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

In recent years international cooperation of the Department of General Pedagogy and Preschool Education at Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University and partner departments at universities of Poland, Austria, Belarus, Germany, Belgium etc. has been expanding. Close contacts have been established between the universities. The main areas of international cooperation comprise joint research work; exchange of academic staff (research, participation in conferences); preparation of joint publications.The attention has been focused on the implementation of joint research projects, scholarships, preparation of joint publications, exchange of teachers (classes, workshops) and senior academic staff (research, participation in conferences). Postgraduate students and teachers of the Department take part in international projects and scholarship programs. Their efforts are aimed at preparing projects and maximizing potential in talented youth. Overall, over the past years thirteen members of the Department of General Pedagogy and Preschool Education have received international scholarships, participated in international projects and academic internship programs. The international Polish-funded Ukrainian-Polish research project «Career Prospects for Pedagogy Graduates in Poland and Ukraine» has successfully been completed.In recent years 12 collections of academic papers, 4 monographs in English, Polish, Russian and Ukrainian have been produced. A number of studies have been conducted within joint projects and presented in joint Ukrainian-Polish research publications. The prevalent topics are history of upbringing and education, formation of national identity, theories and methods of education, training of teachers, issues of comparative pedagogy.It is noted that the academics of the Department take an active part in organizing committees, submit and edit conference materials. The conference topics are varied and wide-ranging, sometimes circular. «Comparative Pedagogy in the Context of International Cooperation and European Integration» conference materials (2010, 2011, 2013, 2015) were published in seven collections of academic papers, a monograph «Modernization of Education in Modern World: Traditions and Innovations».A promising area of cooperation with universities in Austria and Poland is the implementation of a number of educational programs.

Diplomacy and Security

Abstract Changes in diplomacy are especially visible by the involvement of many new actors in the area of international cooperation. A fast developing international system opened doors to many new actors, including international organizations, transnational corporations, and important interest groups.Diplomacy that, from the middle of the 15th century, was known as an important tool of foreign policy became wider in the post-Cold War era. In fact, the transformation of diplomacy has not been completed yet. Nowadays, for instance, governmental diplomacy must deal with various nonstate actors that shape its agenda.

АРКТИЧЕСКИЙ ВЕКТОР БРИТАНСКОЙ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ

Цель статьи состоит в том, чтобы определить формы, методы, содержание британской стратегии в Арктике. В Арктике уже сложилось взаимодействие в рамках соответствующих структур между арктическими государствами. Британия претендует на статус «субарктического» государства, чтобы иметь возможность доказать, с одной стороны, свою международную значимость и лидерство, с другой стороны, – получить гарантии решения своих энергетических задач. В настоящее время Британия прорабатывает различные варианты своей арктической политики, среди которых наибольшее внимание получили две стратегии: военно-политическая и научно-исследовательская. Основным инструментом для решения поставленных задач для Британии стало участие в международных структурах, связанных с Арктикой. Новизна статьи состоит в том, что впервые исследуются следующие аспекты: причины внимания Британии к Арктике; многостороннее и двустороннее взаимодействие Британии с различными партнерами в Арктике, и здесь отдельному рассмотрению подверглись российско-британские отношения; британские институты, заинтересованные в Арктике; позитивные и негативные черты британской арктической стратегии; факторы, влияющие на ее эволюцию, прежде всего, фактор ЕС и Шотландии. Исследование позволило сделать вывод о том, что Британия не обладает необходимыми инструментами для упрочения своих позиций в Артике, но будет наращивать присутствие в соответствующих международных организациях. Исследование базируется на структурном и системном подходах, позволяющих выявить не только формирование целостной арктической стратегии, но и заинтересованных акторов и их цели.

Competition and Complementarity between Global and Regional Human Rights Institutions

AbstractFragmentation and competition between global and regional institutions are not among the major issues that threaten the regime. There are three ways in which tensions nonetheless arise. First, consistent with the universalist aspirations of human rights, global conventions have played a focal role in verbally defining rights. This masks considerable cross‐regional and intra‐regional differences in how rights should be interpreted. Second, judicialization of human rights has mostly occurred at the regional level. This occasionally creates inconsistencies with the global regime. Third, rights concerns often encroach on other areas of international cooperation, including security, trade, and development. This raises similar issues of forum shopping as in the other issue areas, for example because some governments may shop for trade agreements or development loans with fewer rights conditions.

Priorities for International Co-operation with Libya: A Development Perspective

This article provides a development co-operation perspective on the challenges facing Libya during its post-Qadhafi transition. Four key areas for international co-operation are outlined: peace, reconciliation and justice; governance and public administration; economic diversification; and migration. While concrete initiatives in all of these areas depend on Libya’s domestic security situation, they need to be part of a long-term, holistic strategy for one of the most fragile and conflict-affected countries in North Africa. Assuming that Libya’s domestic power-brokers decide that a modern, prosperous country is what they want, patient and committed international support can help turn Libya into a success story.

МЕЖДУНАРОДРОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО В АРКТИКЕ

The article summarizes the findings of contemporary studies of international cooperation and conflict in the dynamically changing maritime Arctic, currently conducted in the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences. This research concentrates on but is not limited to such areas as Arctic Governance, agenda and major areas of international cooperation, conventional and unconventional security issues, policies by Arctic and non-Arctic states interested. The article argues that, notwithstanding the actual international crisis, the Arctic landscape is characterized by high level of legal certainty and low potential for interstate conflicts. This is mainly due to the clear definition of the sovereignty and sovereign rights limits of coastal states in the Law of the Sea, the largely completed delimitation of maritime boundaries, as well as the consensus to orderly settle all eventual disputes on the basis of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. As a result, Arctic states assess conventional military threats in the region as low. At the same time, they register an increase in non-military risks generated by climate change and growing economic activities, pay particular attention to environmental and human security, as well as maritime safety. Member states of the Arctic Council have embarked on the road of expanding cooperation in order to address those challenges more effectively. Despite the current low in relations between Russia and the West, and the suspension of many cooperative projects in the energy or security sectors, cooperation continues as demonstrated, inter alia, by adoption of the Polar Code, the Oslo Declaration Concerning the Prevention of Unregulated High Seas Fishing in the Central Arctic Ocean, as well as by continued work of the Arctic Council. Although the likely effect of the present day crisis bears the danger of losing many opportunities for intensified cooperation and for overcoming the fragmentation of the Arctic security space, it is unlikely to lead to a new arms race. Acknowledgements. In 2014–2015, the international Arctic studies were conducted within the Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Pilot Fundamental Scientific Research in the Interest of the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation”.

Anti-Trafficking in the Commonwealth of Independent States: The Main Areas and Mechanism of International Cooperation

As a rule, the crimes related to trafficking in human beings are transnational in nature, therefore the international law enforcement cooperation in counteraction against human trafficking, committed in their territories, acquire particular importance in detection and investigation of trafficking in persons. The purpose of this article is to review the main possible areas of international cooperation of the law enforcement agencies of the Commonwealth of Independent States in combating human trafficking. The authors, based on an analysis of the existing international instruments to combat trafficking in persons, reveal details of the main directions of the international cooperation of the CIS countries’ law enforcement bodies, implemented through: the partial transfer of competence, a joint investigation of criminal cases, as well as the extradition of a person for criminal prosecution. In addition, the authors make an attempt to investigate the mechanism of international law enforcement cooperation in combating human trafficking. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s1p94

The Life-Cycle of International Regimes: Temporality and Exclusive Forms of International Cooperation

In three important areas of international cooperation - global trade, nuclear security, and climate change - states are shifting away from inclusive multilateralism towards more exclusionary forms of interstate cooperation. In this article we offer an historical institutionalist account for the shift towards exclusive forms of international cooperation in these varied issue areas. We develop an analytical model of an institutional regime life-cycle, which proposes that as multilateralism matured in these policy arenas, changes in the payoff structure of regime membership created incentives for states to establish alternative institutions centered on the principles of selective and discriminatory cooperation. We conclude that incremental changes in the nature of international cooperation can transform institutional cooperation, and exclusive forms of cooperation in trade, nuclear nonproliferation, and climate change, should not be considered aberrations but rather part of the process of regime maturation.

India ' s S & T cooperation with the developing countries

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse India ' s international science and technology (S & T) cooperation efforts, with a special focus on the developing countries. It intends to identify the actors, magnitude, nature, routes and areas of international cooperation. Further, it probes whether the “globalisation process” is likely to change the collaboration pattern or transform India ' s innovation system and processes. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is structured around five sections that include analysis of different stages of globalization in the context of an historical analysis of India ' s international S & T cooperation policy. An essential feature of this study is that the analysis is not restricted to R & D collaboration in the corporate sector but includes bilateral and multilateral cooperation between different countries and also inward and outward FDI flows that is expected to enhance learning process. Finally, the countervailing tendencies emanating from the structure of in...

IDPC Briefing Paper Drug Policy and Development How Action Against Illicit Drugs Impacts on the Millennium Development Goals

It is now widely accepted that current drug control strategies have had limited success in reducing the overall scale of the illicit drug market, and have led to significant unintended consequences, that have impacted adversely on a range of areas of international cooperation. The tensions between drug control strategies and, for example, the prevention of HIV or the protection of human rights, are well documented. This briefing paper highlights similar tensions between the concerns and objectives of the development community, and the objectives and strategies implemented in the name of drug control. UN agencies and member states have made some progress in recent years in addressing these tensions, but there is a long way to go to find an integrated approach to drug control that maximises the protection of health and human rights, and the promotion of social and economic development. The UN Development Programme, and most development NGOs, have been largely absent from this debate, but could be making a significant contribution to the elaboration and implementation of more effective drug policies and strategies. Illicit drugs impact on development in a number of ways. Drug use contributes to diminished health, leading to higher healthcare costs and decreased earning at the population level. This is most noticeable in the area of HIV/AIDS where the sharing of needles not only spreads HIV infection among people who inject drugs but also serves to fuel the broader spread of the epidemic. Involvement in the illicit drugs market diverts people and resources from licit recorded economic activities. The huge profits associated with the drug market foster organised crime and corruption, which in turn inhibit the development of good governance. Environmental degradation resulting from the cultivation and refinement of naturally derived drugs is also being increasingly documented.