Arduino Controller Research Articles

Contactless printing of food micro-particles controlled by ultrasound

Traditional food 3D printing technology, which primarily relies on mechanical control, often faces challenges such as low resolution, stringent material requirements, limited flexibility, and cumbersome equipment. To overcome these limitations, we developed an innovative food 3D printing method utilizing ultrasonic phased arrays and subsequently designed a contactless printing device employing this advanced technology. The device effectively manipulates the phase and amplitude of the ultrasonic phased array to focus the sound field on a specific location. We have successfully demonstrated preliminary control over the suspension of small food particles, including popcorn, chocolate, honey, and marshmallows, using this apparatus. Following this, popcorn particles were selected for detailed practical printing and further analysis. Additionally, we established a software platform, Ultr_printing, based on Ultraino, for intelligent simulation and control of the printing process. Leveraging FPGA and Arduino controllers, this setup facilitates rapid signal transmission from personal computers to sensors, ensuring quick and adaptable movement of suspended particles. Experimental results confirm that the device consistently controls the food particles, irrespective of their motion state. Notably, it achieves a printing precision of 0.16 mm when handling popcorn particles measuring 1.5 mm in diameter. The process, entirely contactless and free from contamination, preserves the original flavor of the food particles. This technology is particularly effective for high-precision printing of micro-scale shapes and offers considerable benefits in assembly and precision manufacturing.

МЕТОДИКА ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ СПРОЩЕНОЇ МОДЕЛІ БПЛА ТИПУ БІКОПТЕР

Modern aircraft are usually statically unstable objects. Due to this, increased maneuverability and controllability is achieved. One of the promising directions is the development and implementation of UAVs of the bicopter or convertible type. Their movement is provided by two screw electric drives. The non-identity of the engine parameters and the peculiarities of the movement of UAVs of this type cause special requirements for the control systems. To ensure sustainability, modeling and conducting research with the help of various tools is necessary. The most available models of unstable movements are pendulum devices of various types, which allow studying stabilization processes. The purpose of the work is to use a computer stabilization system of a simplified bicopter UAV model by changing the thrust of the engines. The tasks of the work are: development of a computer stabilization system for the angle of pitch or roll, creation and verification of stabilization algorithms on a laboratory bench using an ARDUINO controller, research of the functional capabilities of angular stabilization circuits. The object of the study: a computer control system of an aircraft that performs the task of stabilizing a UAV. Subject of research: processes of stabilization of the angular position of a simplified bicopter model. When performing the work, a control law using angular and angular velocity feedback was chosen. A variant of aircraft stabilization when using engine thrust control is proposed. The control law of the computer stabilization system, which is implemented on the ARDUINO controller, was selected and tested. The applied value of the work is the further use of the obtained results in modern samples of bicopters.

Development of robotic arm control using Arduino controller

The advance of Arduino-based technology has spurred innovation in the realm of robotic arm control, offering a cost-effective and accessible platform for enthusiasts and professionals alike. This paper presents the development of robot arm control using an Arduino controller. The work involves the integration of Arduino microcontrollers and sensors to enable precise and dynamic control of a robotic arm. The proposed robot is controlled by 4 servo motors, the motors rotate left, right, front, and back. The paper discusses the challenges encountered during the development process and proposes solutions, paving the way for further advancements in this burgeoning field. With Arduino's widespread availability and affordability, the presented robotic arm control system holds promise for expanding the accessibility of robotics education and fostering innovation in automation technologies. This paper provides a glimpse into the promising synergy between Arduino and robotic arm control, highlighting the contributions and implications of this technology in shaping the future of automation.

Implementation of Regenerative Brake System Controller by Using Mini Controller Arduino

The key requirement for electric vehicles is efficient braking. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed description of the regenerative braking system utilizing various power flow regulators. This study utilizes a buck-boost type Boost Converter. There are two methods employed to modify the voltage derived from the fluctuating input produced during regenerative braking: one to decrease it and the other to boost it. Subsequently, a voltage sensor detects the resulting output voltage, which is then regulated using an Arduino microcontroller. The examination findings indicate that the buck-boost converter performs well, maintaining an output voltage within the range of 39-40 volts. This allows it to function well even when there are fluctuations in the input voltage. The voltage value can be utilized for the purpose of charging a battery for a 36 Volt electric motor. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing a Buck-Boost Converter regulator. Furthermore, it could charge the battery within a span of 8 seconds, making it a viable option for electric vehicles as an alternative to regenerative braking for battery recharging.

Fabrication and Automation of Drilling Machine by Arduino Control

Fabrication and Automation of Drilling Machine by Arduino Control

Cost-effective, open-source light shutters with Arduino control

In optical experiments, shutters are devices that open or close a path of light. They are often used to limit the duration of light exposure onto a target or onto a detector to reduce possible light-induced damage. Many commercial shutters are available for different applications – some provide very fast opening and closing times, some can handle large optical powers, and others allow for fail-safe operation. Many of these devices are costly and offer limited control options. Here we provide an open-source design for a low-cost, general purpose shutter system based on ubiquitous actuators (servo motors or solenoids) that are connected to an Arduino-based controller. Several shutters can be controlled by one controller, further reducing system cost. The state of the shutters can be controlled via a display built into the controller, by serial commands via USB, or by electrical control lines. The use of a microcontroller makes the shutter controller adaptable – only control options that are used need to be included, and the design accommodates a selection of display and actuator options. We provide designs for all required components, including 3D print files for the actuator holders and cases, the Arduino code, libraries for serial communication (C and python), and example graphical user interfaces for testing.

Design and control of a side dense transplanting machine for sweet potato seedlings on mulch film

At present, China is the leading country in sweet potato cultivation worldwide. However, there are still several problems such as high labor intensity, low efficiency of manual transplanting, and lack of machinery for side transplanting for sweet potato seedlings on mulch film. Therefore, a side dense transplanting machine for sweet potato seedlings on mulch film is designed, using a multi-row side transplanting method. It is mainly composed of a transplanting device, a seedling conveying device, a traveling device, and a control system. Based on the agronomic requirements for sweet potato transplanting, the study focuses on the structure and working principle of the complete machine. It involves the detailed structural design and motion analysis of the crank-rocker and cam of the transplanting device. Based on the sweet potato seedlings transportation plan, parameters such as the vertical height of the seedling conveying device, the size of the support frame, and the relative relationship between position of the transplanting device are determined. To ensure the smooth transplantation of sweet potato seedlings, the motor parameters required for each device are calculated and determined. An Arduino control system is developed to manage the coordinated movement of each device. Positioning components are integrated to ensure accurate coordination between the transplanting device and the seedling conveying device. This setup enables the seedling claws to pick sweet potato seedlings and perform the side transplanting on the mulch film. Field test results show the missed rate of seedlings, the qualified rate of transplanting and the qualified rate of transplanting depth are 4.13 %, 91.62 % and 93.86 % respectively. The transplant spacing coefficient of variation and the average spacing between seedlings are 1.90 and 177.06 mm respectively. All indicators of the transplanting machine meet the agronomic requirements for side dense transplanting for sweet potato seedlings on mulch film. The transplanting machine is integrated with sweet potato seedling transplanting agronomy, achieving mechanized transplanting of sweet potato seedlings, reducing labor intensity, and promoting the quality and efficiency of sweet potato production. This research provides a reference for the development of sweet potato seedlings transplanting equipment.

Face Mask Recognition-based Door Lock Mechanism Using HaarCascade, Mediapipe, and Arduino

On 12 January 2020 Chinese authorities shared the sequence of a novel coronavirus termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since then COVID-19 pandemic had rapidly affected our day-to-day life disrupting world trade and movements. Wearing face masks is one of the preventive measures recommended by health authorities to reduce the spread of respiratory droplets containing viruses, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19. Therefore, Many regions and organizations have implemented regulations or guidelines mandating the use of face masks in specific settings. This Python-based Machine Learning project provides an automated way to monitor whether individuals in a given environment are wearing masks or not. Pre-trained Haar Cascade files are used to detect the facial features and provide a signal to the Arduino controller to lock/unlock the door. Keywords — Python, Face Mask, Door Lock, Haar Cascade, Covid-19

Advancing Home-Based Brain Attack Rehabilitation with Electrotherapeutic-Pneumatic Stimulated Forearm Device Configurations

Globally, cerebrovascular events, commonly known as strokes, remain a significant health concern, presenting formidable challenges to neurologists across the nation. These strokes, responsible for a substantial number of fatalities, often lead to a debilitating condition known as Upper Arm Hemiplegia. Poststroke, effective rehabilitation is crucial for enabling individuals to regain their independence, particularly within the confines of their homes. However, the modern therapeutic options and features available can be challenging to access due to financial constraints and the overwhelming number of patients in need. In response to these challenges, there is a pressing need to leverage cutting-edge pneumatic technology to develop a portable device that can address these limitations. This paper introduces a novel, pneumatic-driven, wearable forearm device designed to optimize arm kinematics. This innovative wearable empowers patients, enabling them to regain control and dexterity in their fingers, thus improving their ability to perform daily activities. The pneumatic-actuated device consists of a compact upper arm miniature cylinder, controlled by advanced solenoid valves, all orchestrated by Arduino controller. This home-based rehabilitation device is not only small and lightweight but also boasts impressive power capabilities. Utilizing the latest trends in technology, the results of a sample subjected to the Fugl Meyer Assessment demonstrate the effectiveness of this portable device as an invaluable tool for home-based rehabilitation, ushering in a new era of stroke recovery.

Development of an Aquaponics Farming Technology System Using Arduino Based on Internet of Things

Aquaponics employs diverse biological and ecological strategies, integrating the cultivation of agricultural prawns and plants. A fundamental requirement for successful aquaponics systems is a reliable water source to ensure the stability and adequacy of essential nutrients for prawn and plant production. Managing an aquaponics system effectively necessitates the maintenance of factors such as pH level, water level, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen level. This paper addresses the challenges of aquaponics management by introducing a technology monitoring system based on an Arduino controller and Internet of Things (IoT). The Arduino IDE software facilitates interaction with various input sensors, output devices, and hardware components. The study evaluates four different sensors – dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and ultrasonic – and employs the ESP 8266-ESP01 Wi-Fi Module for IoT applications. The main finding of this research highlights the reliability of the proposed aquaponics farming technology monitoring system. The integrated Arduino-based IoT solution effectively monitors critical parameters, including pH, water level, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen level. By continually updating data, the system proves instrumental in enhancing productivity and streamlining management practices for agricultural prawns and plant cultivation in aquaponics. This innovation addresses the pressing need for efficient monitoring and management in aquaponics systems.

Speed Control of a Linear Induction Motor Using V/F Technique

Speed control of single phase Linear Induction Motor using V/F method have been widely used in fans and pumps drives. High-power Linear Induction Motors (LIMs) face challenges in managing speed. Traditional system are ineffective, causing inefficiency and potential damage. To address this, our project proposes a control system for LIM speed control suing V/f method. Currently, linear induction motors (LIMs) are widely used in many industrial applications, including transportation, conveyor systems, actuators, material handling, pumping of liquid metal, sliding-door closers and others, with satisfactory performance. The proposed control system consists of Arduino controller , soft switching for controlling and motor driver board to run Linear induction motor with voltage and frequency monitoring. This control system has almost no effect in normal operation of LIM. Hardware testing results are obtained to verify the valuable operation of proposed circuit in Speed control of LIM. Keywords—Linear Inuction Motor , Speed Control, V/f Method , Arduino Controller , LCD Display etc.

Digital PID Controller based Speed Control of DC Motor

PID controllers are commonly utilised in industry because of their ease of use and adaptability. To adjust these controllers for desirable responses, a number of tuning rules have been developed. This work aims to regulate a robotic vehicle's speed by utilising a PID controller to adjust the motor speed in reaction to impediments. We offer a technique that uses an Arduino microcontroller to automatically tune the PID controller to control the speed of a DC motor. An Arduino Uno device interfaces the DC motor with Simulink and functions as an affordable data collecting device. In order to maintain the motor speed within setpoint limitations, the PID controller modifies it in response to object distance data obtained from sensors. The study suggests utilising a PID controller to regulate the DC motor's angular speed and a microcontroller to implement it in hardware. The L298 motor controller is utilised, the encoder sensor determines angular speed, while the Arduino Uno is utilised for data processing. The proportional controller affects rising time, overestimation, and steady-state errors in the hardware implementation. Overshoot and undershoot are impacted by the integral controller, although overshoot is very slightly impacted by the derivative controller. Top of Form Keywords— Arduino Controller, LCD Display, PID Controller, DC Motor, Motor Driver etc.

Design modification of elliptical vessel solar receiver by response surface methodology

Design modification of elliptical vessel solar receiver system by response surface methodology has been carried out. The materials used in this study were locally sourced from Kenyeta Market Enugu, Onitsha Bridge Head Market, and Idumota Market Lagos. These materials were sourced based on categories of components element: support mechanisms made of mild steel plates, bolts, nuts, clamps, and water as heat transfer fluid. The reflector is made of aluminum foil tape while the vessel has a glass cover fitted with bolts and nuts, the receiver is made of copper pipe, aluminum pipe, galvanized iron pipes, and stainless steel pipes. The pipes were fitted into the vessel with chlorinated polyvinyl chloride 3⁄4 joint pipes, and journal-bearing mechanisms. Other features include the tracking system made of light dependent resistance sensors, a direct current motor, a pulley, a belt, an Arduino controller, and a thermal energy storage tank. The lagging material was an expanded Polyethylene sheet. Experimental data were measured with thermocouples, a digital panel, a Uni-T digital anemometer (UT363), and a digital solar power meter (SM206-SOLAR). Matrix Experimental design was used to develop an experimental model for the system. The developed system was tested to investigate the effect of various heat collectors with and without coating on its performance. It was established from the response optimization that the intercept factor was improved by 32.2%. Similarly, the theoretical efficiency was improved by 8.19% while the experimental thermal efficiency was improved by 6.99%.

Automatic Bus Fare Collection System Using RFID

Abstract: India is the second largest populated country in the world so most of the people use public transport. During peak hours issuing tickets to each passenger manually is time consuming and tedious task and also a problem. The probability of ticket fraud is also high in this case. Since the tickets are made of papers it leads to deforestation and these tickets are of no use once when the passenger gets out of the bus. So in order to overcome all these difficulties we have a Smart ticketing system that is proposed using RFID to issue tickets to passengers. In order to ensure the passengers journey with no quarrels and mesh we employ this solution that replaces the traditional paper ticketing by electronic cards, vended through automated machine using smart cards, which improves the convenience and security of transaction. This project actually suggests a much more public friendly, automated system of ticketing with the use of RFID based tickets. Automatic Fare Collection System is implemented in this project through RFID (Smart) card. RFID card is given to the passenger and when passenger enters to the bus, he has to scan the card in the RFID reader. All the record will update automatically in the server continuously. RFID system through automated machine enables the passenger to predetermine the transport details. The control circuit is designed using arduino controller that will be interfaced with a DC motor to identify the distance travelled by the passenger to collect the fare amount. In addition a LCD is used for displaying the data.

Diagnostic Machine safety with IoT Monitoring

After analyzing the current situation of safety of diagnostic machine, it is realized that there is a need to develop a system that could inform the users about various faults in the machine, thereby protecting from severe damages. The proposed project presents a novel system that monitors machines and detects faults. This project is a model for a real time monitoring system using contemporary technologies like Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensors that are promising for efficient machine monitoring. The proposed project is a model for a real-time monitoring system using IoT-based sensors accessible via webpages. The system involves connecting the machine to two sensors: a current sensor to continuously monitor current flow and a temperature sensor to gauge heat production. These sensors provide input signals to an Arduino controller, which processes them into real values based on sensor output electrical signals. Subsequently, these values are translated from machine-level language to low-level language and displayed on an LCD. A Wi-Fi module facilitates transmission of these values over the internet to cloud storage. In this system "ThingSpeak" is opted as cloud platform, offering data collection. This platform stores the data, enabling access to values worldwide via webpages. It also generates graphs depicting sensor values over time. Key Words: Fault detection, Machinery monitoring, Arduino controller, Cloud storage, Real-time monitoring

Smart Power Saving and Safety Management system Based on Smart Sensors Technologies

Comfort is becoming a major priority in the 21st century. So the revolutions of computing and smart environment came into existence. Some technologies like Ubiquitous/pervasive and ambient intelligence satisfy the maximum need of smart world but these technologies are not tightly coupled with the internet, so the people need another technology extension. Automation based on energy saving and safety is an ideal buzzing technology to influence new world technologies. In this project, an overview of smart automation systems is discussed. This project presents a design and prototype of the Automation system, With Motion sensor, LDR sensor , Fingerprint and smart theft detection system is introduced. In addition to that, LCD display would be used which will allow the user to monitor their devices smartly and gets information of security. Top of Form Keywords— Automation, Arduino Controller, LCD display, sensors , Load , Buzzer etc.

تحســــين أداء آلــــة عـــد الأمـــــوال باستبدال المحرك التيار المتردد بمحرك تيار مستمر، مع دمج حساس الأشعة تحت الحمراء والأردوينو

In the implementation of a money counting mechanism for a money-counting machine, I attempted to control the machine by replacing its control panel with Arduino control. This allowed for monitoring the movement and counting of money, controlling its stopping and starting, and taking readings from its sensors to employ it as a money counting machine. The process was very successful and yielded impressive results despite encountering some problems that were resolved. Among these issues was the difficulty in controlling the AC motor responsible for the mechanical movement of pulling the money. It was replaced with a DC motor, which offered greater flexibility in terms of stopping, starting, and speed control. This was very beneficial in ensuring the process of determining the desired amount of money by the counting machine. Replacing the AC motor with a DC motor in the money counting machine and using it in this project was a unique experience. Despite continuous research on related topics, I found no one who had used this idea. The results were highly reliable and stable. The following will discuss the results and explain the process. Arduino was primarily used in this process, with movement control using a DC motor driver and the existing infrared sensors in the money counting machine, along with other sensors such as the currency denomination sensor and counterfeit detection sensor. These components will be listed in this paper to clarify the process and how satisfactory results were achieved. Keywords: Arduino-based control systems, DC motor technology, Cash counting machine,AC motor, Infrared sensors.

IoT-BASED COMPACT SOIL MOISTURE MONITORING DEVICE

The project delineates a sophisticated smart irrigation system leveraging the principles of the Internet of Things (IoT). Central to the system is an Arduino microcontroller, serving as the control hub, orchestrating the operation of a 5V semi-submersible water pump based on real-time soil moisture levels. An integral component of the setup is a Bluetooth module, facilitating seamless connectivity between the user's mobile application and the irrigation system. Through the mobile application, users gain access to sensor data values transmitted via Bluetooth. This bidirectional communication empowers users to monitor soil moisture levels remotely, enabling informed decision-making regarding irrigation needs. The system operates autonomously by activating the water pump when soil moisture levels dip precariously low and deactivating the pump once the moisture level reaches a predefined threshold. This intelligent automation ensures efficient water usage, preventing over-irrigation while fostering optimal soil conditions for plant growth. In essence, this IoT-based smart irrigation system not only introduces automation and precision to the irrigation process but also enhances user interaction through mobile connectivity. The synergy of Arduino control, a submersible water pump, and Bluetooth communication exemplifies a user- friendly and resource-efficient approach to modernizing traditional irrigation practices.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Presensi Biometrik Sidik Jari Berbasis IoT dengan Arduino Node MCU

Presence is a procedure or process that needs to be carried out by all employees or members of a company or agency. The attendance register is a reference and benchmark for assessing, measuring, and determining the quality and quantity of each member or employee of the company or agency. Presentations carried out manually are considered less effective and efficient in terms of time and usage. So it is necessary to build an intelligent attendance system, one of which is by creating an intelligent attendance system that uses IoT-based fingerprint recognition technology with an Arduino controller and outputs to an Internet or intranet server. Based on the results obtained in the research, administrators can float their side servers freely. The time for sending data from the presence device to the server uses the POST method, with an average time of 8 seconds on an intranet network with a maximum distance of 25 meters from the wireless router or access point. By creating this attendance system, it makes it easier for the Surya Pematangsiantar Education Foundation to record the attendance of teachers and staff, especially SMK units.

Review Soft Switching Methods for Parameter Monitoring of AC Machine Drives

Industrial applications continue to primarily use induction motors (AC Motor), and dependable performance depends on efficient monitoring and control of these motors' properties. There are several ways to accomplish this, and the focus of this project is on controlling and monitoring a single-phase induction engine. Important parameters of the induction motor, such as temperature, current, and voltage, are continually monitored by means of a module that is fitted with sensors and transducers. After being gathered, the data is sent to an information processing unit, which shows its parameters on a display. Through a LCD display gateway, the system integrates both automatic and human control techniques to start or stop the AC Motor, reducing the possibility of system failures. It is projected that this system's deployment will improve operational effectiveness by guaranteeing ongoing observation, averting problems, and encouraging preventative maintenance. Top of Form Keywords— Arduino Controller, LCD Display, Parameter Monitoring, AC motor, Parameter Controlling etc.