Two French medicine-men judged by the Inquisition spanisch in the XVIIth century The main purpose of our work has been the study of two process carried against two french medicine-men who performed in Spain in these practices during the XVIIth century. These two process have been found in the Archivo Historico Nacional de Madrid. The first process belongs to the Tribunal of Valencia and it is referred to Joan Martinez borned at Ginbonet, France. Working this man also as a mason, we are able to consider him as an intruder in the medicine. He had been succesful in carrying on several cures, through the use of some plants he had mixed np with wine and also introducing ceremonies with blessed water and some prayers. All these cures, according to some recipes he had heard about or been taught by somebody. , He was judged by the Inquisition as a wizard, and because of the use of ceremonies and practices belonging to the church. The second process we had studied concerns to Juan de la Comha, « el Herbolario ». He came to Spain being goung and met at Barcelona a herbist who taught him how to know and select curative plants. After this, he travelled around Granada y Valencia, where he improved his knowledges about the art of curing illness. We must consider here, that the knowledges of medicine was very deep in these two cities, because of the arabian tradition and culture. He comes then to Madrid and opens a shop of curative plants at the Plazuela de Santa Cruz. The Inquisition imprisoned him because of Pact with the Evil, and as an astrologuer. It was said that he was able to make appear the spirits in the inside of flasks, during his meetings with his friends. He was also prosecuted because they found at his house a letter written by a friend from Salamanca, in which he asked him for a plant able to cure cancer. The conclusions we may infer of our study are the following ones : We may infer from these process the existence of several frenchmen performing in Spain in professions related with the art of curing and that we may consider in some way, as pharmaceutical-doctors. Although these men have been living in Spain for several years, they are still considered as being french. They are judged does not matter their nacionality, according to the Spanish laws, but they are tolerated and not expelled from Spain. Their curative methods have no scientific basis, although they were able to differentiate some pathological cases. It is very interesting to find the existence of the belief on a plant which could cure the cancer, although we cannot make clear which was this plant because it is not mentionned in the whole trial.