Application In Higher Education Research Articles

АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ПРАКТИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ ІЗ СПЕЦИФІЧНИМИ УМОВАМИ НАВЧАННЯ, ЯКІ ЗДІЙСНЮЮТЬ ПІДГОТОВКУ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ

The article is devoted to the analysis of administrative and legal regulation of practical training of applicants for higher education in higher education institutions with specific training conditions that train police officers. Today, practical training is an integral part of the educational process, which allows to ensure the acquisition of competencies and program learning outcomes provided by educational and professional programs. Based on the analysis of the Regulations on practical training of students and cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the authors have identified problematic issues of organization and conduct of various types of practical training. It is concluded that the existing mechanism of practical training of this category of persons and its normative expression needs to be improved, as it does not meet the needs of today, contains provisions that contradict other regulations, outdated terminology, does not take into account the organization of the educational process at the present stage of development. departmental education, etc. In addition, the draft Regulation on the practical training of applicants for higher education in higher education institutions with specific training conditions for the training of specialists for the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine is being studied and is currently being discussed. The authors conclude that its provisions are unconditionally progressive, but make specific proposals to improve the proposed organizational and legal framework. In particular, it is proposed to specify the purpose of practical training, the mechanism of its organization for applicants for higher education by correspondence, persons studying under the program “2 years cadet - 1 year student», the order and grounds for involvement in public safety and order, clear determined their status, given the lack of specification of the rights and responsibilities of this category of persons in such activities.

Формування лінгвокультурологічної компетентності здобувачів вищої освіти в епоху цифрового розвитку

The article reveals the peculiarities of the formation of linguistic and cultural competence of higher education students in the era of digital development. Modern education cannot be imagined without digital technologies that help to form the language, speech, linguistic, cultural and spelling competencies of higher education students. Thus, in our opinion, the use of digital technologies in the educational process is an urgent problem of modern education. Formation of linguistic and cultural competence in higher education institutions using digital technologies is carried out in accordance with new forms and methods of material implementation in project, distance learning, in the implementation of the program of individual educational route, interactive knowledge control tools, interactive posters, electronic versions of intellectual games, virtual tours, posters, trailers, book trailers, computer presentation with triggers and animation, etc. Thus, in our opinion, the «digitalization» of higher education institutions should be implemented in the following 6 areas: access to innovative technologies; access of higher education students to technologies (Student Accessibility); teachers' access to technology (Teacher Accessibility); administrators' access to technologies (Administration Accessibility); academic Internet (Fiber-to-the-Building and wi-fi models); «Digital» multimedia content; «Digital» competencies and literacy of teachers (facilitators, coaches) and applicants for higher education; video chat in Skype, Zoom, Viber and Telegram groups.

Мультимедійні технології як засіб підвищення ефективності професійної підготовки майбутніх вчителів іноземних мов

The article highlights the specifics of professional activity of future foreign language teachers, which proves that increasing their competitiveness and reforming the system of general secondary and higher education in Ukraine increase the requirements for professional training of future foreign language teachers. It is stated that in the process of introduction of the latest information technologies in all spheres of activity of educational institutions the problem of formation of their information communicative competence in the process of studying in higher education institutions acquires special significance in the training of future foreign language teachers. The article describes the phenomenon of «multimedia technology» as a computer technology that allows you to flexibly manage the flow of various information. It is emphasized that there is no single approach to this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to characterize the problem of multimedia technologies as a means of improving the effectiveness of professional training of future foreign language teachers. The author’s research proves that at the present stage the work on the introduction of multimedia in the educational process of higher education is carried out in two directions: the first is that multimedia is included in the educational process as an «aid» using traditional methods of education; the second direction involves changing the content of education, reviewing the methods and forms of organization of the educational process, building holistic courses based on the use of content in certain disciplines of higher education institutions that train future foreign language teachers. The article states that the use of multimedia by applicants for higher education, future teachers of foreign languages and ensuring the systematic use of multimedia technologies should be consistent with the didactic goals of professional training of applicants for higher education in foreign languages.

Порівняльно-типологічний метод як інструмент підготовки вчителя-філолога в процесі викладання російської мови

The article considers some aspects of the use of comparative-typological method in the process of studying the educational component «Russian language» by applicants for higher education from Turkmenistan, the role and significance of the comparative characteristics of Turkmen and Russian language to solve a specific methodological task: teaching students the language to master the future profession of teacher of Russian language and literature. In practice, it is proved that the complete exclusion of the native language in the process of learning Russian (as a foreign) language is impossible. Assimilation of Russian by Turkmen students occurs in most cases through the structure of the native Turkmen language, taking into account typological properties in phonetics, lexicology, phraseology, morphology, based on linguistic, cultural, mental features, which affects not only the mastery of a foreign language but and for a better understanding of the native language, thanks to the knowledge of different language cultures, national peculiarities of perception of the world and determination of one's place in it. One of the conditions for effective teaching of Russian to foreign students is the use of comparative-typological method, which allows the teacher to explain language features, clarify similarities and differences between contact language systems, taking into account the processes of interference of native language in Russian. By gradually involving students in such activities, we increase the level of motivation to learn a foreign language, stimulate the improvement of communication skills, as well as the ability to abstract thinking, analysis and synthesis, clear and precise expression, ability to argue and support facts. This approach helps students to more easily learn the material, structure it, organize knowledge of native and Russian languages, which significantly improves the understanding of language as such and linguistic phenomena in general. The use of the method of comparison helps Turkmen students to adapt more quickly to the language environment, to adequately understand and master the material of lectures and practical classes, to prevent typical language mistakes, and in general to overcome difficulties in the learning process. Language comprehension gives students the opportunity to form linguistic and communicative competence in the areas of professional and situational communication in oral and written forms, and thus to be successful in the profession.

Принципи формування лідерських якостей у здобувачів вищої освіти

The article presents the essential features of theories and modern concepts of leadership in the works of domestic and foreign scientists, describes the legal documents in the field of higher education, which form the basis for the formation of leadership competence of future professionals. The peculiarities of the development of leadership competencies in higher education institutions of the European Union and the United States are presented. The essential features of leadership qualities, features of individual qualities of different types of leaders are revealed. The leading qualities necessary for a leader in a student environment are determined. The main directions of activity of the leading free economic zones of Ukraine concerning development and support of leadership qualities of applicants of higher education, conditions of development of leadership qualities at applicants of higher education are characterized. The principles that ensure the implementation of the tasks of forming leadership qualities in applicants for higher education are revealed.

НОВЫЕ ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕШЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The development of digital technologies leads to increasing of their distribution and spread in various areas of everyday life. One of those areas is education. It endures impact of digitalization, while trying to develop students' competencies needed for life in a digital society, and to adapt the capabilities of digital devices to their interests and needs. Their using in pedagogical practice depends directly not only on the educational institutions, but also on the teacher himself. Universities have been interested in E-learning elements since the early 2000s, but COVID-2019 has urged many of them to step up their work, which resulted to active creation of an E-learning environment. At the same time, many teachers feel insecure in the digital educational environment, have a view of possibilities of digital media and programs, their advantages in organizing lectures, seminars, practical classes and homework. It is obvious that digitalization of education is the future of education, and therefore teachers need to be informed and enlightened. The purpose of this article is to analyze a number of didactic aspects in digital education applied to universities. The paper shows the advantages and threats of such educational technologies, and shows the features of their application in higher education using specific universal examples. The authors note that despite the abundance of theoretical works on this topic in the world, there are very few empirical studies comparing separate models of digital learning with traditional ones, and their results are very contradictory. However, although the higher effectiveness of distance learning is not clearly proven, traditional didactic practices in higher education need to be modernized, and digital concepts will be improved to overcome their shortcomings.

Освітній компонент "Сімейне читання" як чинник формування літературно-комунікативної компетентності здобувачів вищої освіти

The article reveals the problem of acquainting applicants for higher education with the educational component of free choice «Family Reading», the purpose of which is to form an understanding of the process of family reading as part of humanities education; to give an idea of the main trends in the development of literature for children and youth at the present stage, its genre-style, thematic diversity; regularities of the theory and methods of literary education of the child as a component of the general development of the personality. The text of the article reflects the principles of organization, methods and model of family reading, stated in the educational component and indicates the thematic scope of the course. In particular, it is noted that it has a number of features related to the atmosphere and the supply of material in the process of reading in the family: 1. Family reading is based on the practice of «reading aloud», as opposed to «reading to yourself». In addition, there are other forms of acquaintance with the literary treasury: watching movies or animations based on works of art, staging, dramatization, etc. 2. Family reading involves joint (but not collective) action, where the mandatory component is the «voice of the child», felt at the stage of selection of the text, its reading and discussion, as well as at the stage of using the acquired information after reading. 3. Family reading, in contrast to other types of educational reading, simultaneously implements almost all the important functions (cognitive, educational, developmental, entertaining, communicative). Thus, the educational component «Family Reading» considers the possible prospects of stabilization of applicants for higher education interest in reading as a guarantee of the formation of further reading development. The competency approach, stated as the main formant of the component, is designed to become a solid foundation for professional development and further growth of the applicant for higher education, as the ability to interpret, analyze the text and methodically present it is the basis of professional success.

Bringing Transparency to Predictive Analytics: A Systematic Comparison of Predictive Modeling Methods in Higher Education

Colleges have increasingly turned to predictive analytics to target at-risk students for additional support. Most of the predictive analytic applications in higher education are proprietary, with private companies offering little transparency about their underlying models. We address this lack of transparency by systematically comparing two important dimensions: (1) different approaches to sample and variable construction and how these affect model accuracy and (2) how the selection of predictive modeling approaches, ranging from methods many institutional researchers would be familiar with to more complex machine learning methods, affects model performance and the stability of predicted scores. The relative ranking of students’ predicted probability of completing college varies substantially across modeling approaches. While we observe substantial gains in performance from models trained on a sample structured to represent the typical enrollment spells of students and with a robust set of predictors, we observe similar performance between the simplest and the most complex models.

Integrating Didactic Games in Higher Education: Benefits and Challenges

In our paper, we study the reasons for the introduction of didactic games and the way of their application in higher education, especially in teaching mathematics. After describing the main characteristics and needs of Generation Z students, we outline the advantages and drawbacks of gamification and game-based learning, followed by some new aspects to their classification. The idea of device-based grouping arose because the most commonly used methods require IC tools. Gen Zs naturally accept gamified learning materials available on digital and mobile platforms, but we must not forget about traditional games either. In higher education, especially in the case of small-group teaching there should also be room for traditional, specialized didactic games, of which we focus on the benefits of card games.
 Subject Classification: 97C70, 97D20, 97D40, 97U70

Academic Ableism: Disability and Higher Education (Corporealities: Discourses of Disability)

Academic Ableism: Disability and Higher Education (Corporealities: Discourses of Disability)

Складові готовності до навчально-пізнавальної діяльності майбутніх педагогів у процесі професійної підготовки

The article analyzes the problem of readiness for educational and cognitive activity of future teachers in the process of professional training in higher education establishment, theoretical and methodological foundations of formation and development of the teacher’s personality in the system of continuing pedagogical education. A number of contradictions of the research are identified: between the objective need for specialists who are ready for integrated educational and cognitive activity and the lack of available knowledge about the essence, content and organization of pedagogical process that ensures its implementation; focusing on the advanced nature of future teachers’ training, ready for systemic innovative transformations in the field of their professional activity and insufficient development of technologies for preparing students for such activity. The essence of the concept of readiness for certain types of activity, including educational and cognitive activity of applicants for higher education is revealed. The main theoretical approaches to the definition of «readiness» are characterized: historical, functional, personal. The concept of long-term and situational (temporary) readiness, their components and indicators are revealed. The concept of readiness for educational and cognitive activity is studied as a complex holistic formation; dynamic phenomenon; a system that is determined by internal and external factors and has its own structure. The essential characteristics of the components of readiness for educational and cognitive activity are represented: necessary-motivational, information-cognitive and reflexive-procedural.

Культура академічної доброчесності PhD-здобувачів: досвід Латинської Америки

The article deals with the features of higher education of the third level in Latin America, namely Brazil and Mexico. The object of the research is the quality system of higher education in Latin America (Brazil and Mexico), and its subject is the formation and attitude to the culture of academic integrity of PhD-applicants in these countries. The goal is highlighting the implementation of the leading practices for the formation of the academic integrity culture among PhD-applicants in Latin America, in particular Brazil and Mexico. Objectives are to consider ways of forming the academic integrity culture of PhD-applicants at the international, state and institutional levels in Latin America, in particular Brazil and Mexico. It has been investigated that scientific activity is widely developed in Brazil, and the basis for the formation of academic integrity is used according to the experience of the United States of America. However, violations such as plagiarism or deception are perceived not as a manifestation of unethical behaviour, but more as a violation of ignorance or unintentional borrowing. There is also a low level of success of applicants for higher education, which is also fruitful for the generation of dishonest behaviour. Mexico is the «opposite lever» in the experience of the academic integrity culture, since the economic system of the country has its own gaps and leads to a high level of corruption, and as a result, the manifestation of academic dishonesty in all its forms. Despite this, the country understands the need to form the academic integrity culture as a factor influencing the further responsible and ethical activities of a future competitive specialist. Thus, there is a cyclical nature: the honest behaviour of the applicant for education forms the skills of the honest behaviour of a specialist, the honest behaviour of a specialist is the absence of corruption, in particular in education.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МОРСЬКИХ ФАХІВЦІВ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ: РЕАЛІЇ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ

Modern higher education institutions faced a huge problem during the global pandemic. The topical issue was the provision of quality educational services to higher education seekers in a pandemic around the world. Many countries in 2020 have decided to use distance learning as the only way to continue the educational process without interrupting it indefinitely. Distance learning today is one of the most effective and promising training systems. The emergence and active spread of distance learning is anadequate response of the education systems of many countries to the processes of integration taking place in the world, the movement towards the information society.Purpose. The purpose of this article is to systematize various aspects of distance education in institutions of the maritime sector of Ukraine in a global pandemic and to find solutions to issues that arise during the development of distance education and training of maritime professionals; identification of positive and negative aspects of the introduction of distance learning.Methods. To solve the problem, the following methods were used: the method of theoretical generalization, the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of systematization, the method of deduction.Results. The analysis of the results of distance learning in maritime institutions was carried out and its strengths and weaknesses were identified. The ways of improving the quality of distance education are analyzed. Further ways of development and improvement of distance learning are proposed.Originality. The basis of the educational process in distance learning is the controlled, intensive and purposeful independent work of a student who can study in a place convenient for himself, according to an individual schedule. In accordance with this, the educational process should be organized in such a way as to ensure the student's independent mastering of the educational material, the implementation and timely deli-very of individual assignments.Output. The main problem of training applicants for higher education in the maritime sector of Ukraine in a pandemic in distance education is the lack of opportunity for cadets to gain practical skills in working with ship equipment that exists in educational institutions. This negatively affects the quality of learning by cadets. In the future, this may lead to increased ship accidents and reduced maritime safety. It is necessary to develop interaction between educational institutions; make full use of technological opportunities; determine the goals and prospects for the development of distance learning, etc.Keywords:distance learning, quality of education, maritime institute, management of marine resources, ship accident rate, pandemic.

MODEL OF STUDENTS’ PROJECT ACTIVITY IN THE DIGITAL SPACE ON THE EXAMPLE OF DISCIPLINES OF THE PEDAGOGICAL CYCLE

The article presents a model of project activities of applicants for higher education in the context of distance-digital learning using the example of disciplines of the pedagogical training cycle. The analysis of the scientific sources devoted to various aspects of project activity and especially in digital educational space is carried out. The theoretical provisions of the project activities in the digital space are described and the tasks that applicants can perform within this activity are presented. The process of implementation of project activities in the conditions of forced distance learning is highlighted on the example of 2nd year students of the School of Foreign Languages of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University in the 2019/2020 academic year, and attention is focused on the stages of creating and supporting this activity by a lecturer and a student. These stages include: preparatory (communication between applicants and the teacher), operational (project creation), correction (making changes and additions) and final (public defense and registration of the results). The discussion section reveals the prospects and risks of implementing project activities in the digital learning space. The conclusions provide recommendations for the effective organization of project activities in the digital learning space on the example of disciplines of the pedagogical cycle of training: previous preparatory work of the teacher to clarify the requirements for studying the course and organizing project activities (the emphasis here is on group monitors due to the large number of students: an average of 230 people); bright presentation of requirements and previous achievements in creating creative works (projects); defining a clear sequence of actions of this process; explanation of the sequence of actions and communication between the participants of the process teacher-student, teacher-group of students, student-student; support for feedback in consultations, in messengers (with an emphasis on convenience for all parties); current verification of the obtained results, i.e. support and correction of creative works with obligatory explanation of problematic moments for applicants; organization of public defenses of creative works (projects) on proven digital communication platforms; adherence to the principles of academic integrity in the context of distance digital learning through verification of works in generally recognized digital information verification programs; allocation of time for separate consultations for research projects as such, which require special attention due to their complexity; the use of cloud services for recording the results of the progress of applicants and the like.

IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF HIGHER EDUCATION APPLICANTS THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MOBILE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

The relevance of the issue under consideration lies in the fact that the modern social environment is characterized by an extremely fast pace of development of engineering and technologies. Accordingly, the introduction of innovative technologies is carried out in almost all areas of life and production. Higher education should also respond accordingly, the purpose of which is to prepare a modern competent specialist capable of working in an innovative environment. The peculiarities of the use of mobile technologies in the educational environment of higher education have become the object of a number of scientific studies, however, the issues of enhancing the educational and cognitive activities of applicants for higher education using mobile technologies and the appropriate combination of mobile and traditional learning technologies in the process of training future specialists remain unresolved, which determined the choice of the direction scientific research and the formulation of its goals. The advantages (organization of interactive interaction between educational process participants; reduction of costs for technical equipment of laboratories; provision of visibility; provision of remote access; the ability to simulate production situations, etc.) and disadvantages (small screen size; low level of protection of confidential information; high cost of mobile devices, the devices with modern capabilities, etc.) the use of mobile technologies in the process of training future specialists have been analyzed. An example of using the Android Studio mobile application to improve the teaching of the discipline "Fundamentals of labor protection" is proposed. At the initial stage, a laboratory work was created that allows one to study the parameters of the microclimate of the production environment in various production situations. We see the prospects for further study of the stated problem in the expansion of the functions of the developed laboratory work, taking into account the specific working conditions (in construction, when performing welding and installation work, etc.) and the development of a system of laboratory work on labor protection using mobile applications.

Виховання фізичних якостей здобувачів вищої освіти в умовах пандемії

The article raises the topical issue of educating the physical qualities of higher education seekers in a pandemic. The negative effects of Covid-19 disease, such as postcovid syndrome, have been identified, including decreased respiratory function, viral fatigue syndrome, digestive disorders, muscle tone disorders, depression, insomnia, and more. The author proposes ways to work on the education of physical qualities of graduates in distance learning in the 2020/2021 academic year, as well as developed a long-term program of work with applicants for higher education for the next academic year. The researcher sees the peculiarities of work on the education of physical qualities of higher education students at the end of the 2020/2021 academic year in the motivation for the prevention of a healthy lifestyle, as well as identifying sports that are most suitable for students in terms of health and sports. Such work involves the consideration of health groups on the basis of tolerance / intolerance of the disease, proposed types and forms of classroom work in classes on «Physical Education», other disciplines, during extracurricular activities. A number of measures have been developed for the teaching staff, including seminars-trainings on the use of innovative health-preventive methods («Neurogymnastics in higher education: methods of implementation», «The place of different gymnastics in the educational process of higher education (immune gymnastics, psychogymnastics»). to bring up physical qualities of applicants of higher education and to overcome a postcovid syndrome during disciplines of not physical orientation.

Virtual tours as a way to enhance the cognitive activity of educational migrants

The article studies the possibilities and features of the application of innovative methods of boosting the cognitive activity of foreign applicants for higher education in teaching. As a basic form, it is proposed to use a virtual tour as a way of learning Ukrainian as a foreign language. The introduction of information technologies in the educational process has changed educational goals. In the future, we can expect a transition from online learning to a blended model. There is a reorientation to a person-centered approach. The main task of training is not only a transfer of knowledge but a formation of skills of obtaining and processing information, the formation of high-level thinking skills: analysis, synthesis, evaluation. The use of multimedia capabilities of the computer has qualitatively changed the perception of information by foreign graduates. Today, the computer at the classes of Ukrainian as a foreign language is a visual aid, a means to increase emotionality, an encyclopedia, an electronic textbook, an accessible tool for knowledge control, as well as a possibility to effectively present new material, show a prepared presentation and more. The aim of the article is to study the activation and effectiveness of cognitive activity of educational migrants and consider the basic principles and stages of preparation and conduct of educational tours using innovative technologies within the formation of linguistic and cultural competence of foreign students to make them master Ukrainian as a foreign language better. The most effective means of competence development is the use of project methods in the educational process. The virtual tour implements the principles of modern pedagogical activity: the principle of competence approach – obtaining a high result through the activities of higher education, the principle of cognitive activity – through independent, creative activity to obtain new knowledge.

Педагогічні умови готовності майбутніх учителів фізичної культури до інновацій та лідерства в умовах нової української школи

In the work, the main attention is paid to the development and implementation of pedagogical conditions, the establishment of criteria and characteristics of readiness of future physical culture teachers for innovations and leadership in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School. The following pedagogical conditions have been determined: development of innovative and professional competence in teaching disciplines of the professional training cycle in higher education applicants majoring in «Secondary Education (Physical Education)»; assistance in the development of leadership qualities of student youth in the conditions of the New Ukrainian school by means of physical education (during the period of pedagogical (work experience) practice). New types of physical activity have been introduced into the physical education lessons: kid's strength, aero kids, fitball, functional training «Intelligent Body» with game elements; interactive teaching methods based on learning through acting, reproducing situations, relationships, tasks of students’ daily activity. Comparison of the experimental data has shown that as a result of the introduction of pedagogical conditions of readiness for innovations and leadership of future physical culture teachers in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School, positive changes occurred in the experimental classes. Thus, in grade 3, the number of students with a high level increased from 8.3% to 14.0%. The control group has shown almost no changes. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the introduction of interactive teaching methods, functional training with game elements, games and game situations for initiative and leadership development.

РОЗРОБКА МОДЕЛІ ЗМІСТУ НАВЧАННЯ АРХІТЕКТУРИ ЕОМ СТУДЕНТІВ ІНЖЕНЕРНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ

The article deals with the existing methodical systems of learning computer architecture by students of engineering and pedagogical specialty with the use of information and computer technologies and means of simulation modeling. The analysis of these methods revealed the advantages and disadvantages of each methodological system. The identified problem of perception and understanding of physical processes by applicants for higher education which are taking place in the electronic elements of microprocessor systems and their parallelism and transience determined the development of a model of the content of learning the architecture of microprocessors with use of simulation computer modeling. The authors of the article develop and study the system of skills in the architecture of microprocessor mechanisms and the system of knowledge of the course "Architecture of Microprocessors" according to the current State Standard of Higher Education of Ukraine. A detailed analysis of methodological systems of learning computer architecture by students of engineering and pedagogical specialty allowed developing a general model of the content of learning architecture of microprocessor mechanisms that corresponds to the goals set by State Standard of Higher Education. The presented general model of the content of learning architecture of microprocessor mechanisms consists of 6 modules: module 1 – History of computer mechanisms development; module 2 – Calculation systems; module 3 – Logical foundations of computers; module 4 – Computer structure; module 5 – Microprocessors; module 6 – Assembler programming language. These modules provide solutions to an independent group of problems and are integral units of information and logically complete parts of the real process of learning the architecture of microprocessors. Thus, to increase the activity of learning, it is advisable to select and use a variety of learning methods adequate to each educational topic. Key words: computer architecture, information and computer technologies, electronic elements of microprocessor systems, methodological systems, system of skills, system of knowledge, general model of the content of learning.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ САМОСТІЙНИХ ЗАНЯТЬ ОЗДОРОВЧОЇ СПРЯМОВАНОСТІ ЗДОБУВАЧАМИ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article analyzes the positive aspects of the use of independent physical exercises by higher education students. The importance of physical activity in the physical culture and health activities of higher education students is highlighted not only in compulsory physical education classes, but also in the use of independent physical exercises. Physical activity is a necessary condition for the harmonious development of student youth, which implies a direct impact of appropriate physical exercises on the body of a young person based on his needs. The organization and structure of independent physical exercises involves the comprehensive development of leading functional systems and physical qualities of the body. In practice, it is proved that to achieve a health-improving effect in the process of independent exercise is possible only in compliance with the basic principles: gradualness, regularity, adequacy and versatility of training. Modern complex living conditions dictate higher demands on the biological and social capabilities of man. Comprehensive development of physical abilities of higher education seekers through organized physical activity (physical training) helps to improve performance, improve health, have increased resistance to stress. Encouraging young people to self-exercise involves the formation of knowledge about the effective impact of exercise on the body, the possibility of self-improvement, the organization of their active recreation. It is advisable to develop the content of health programs for students depending on their interests and needs. Keywords: physical exercises, students, applicants for higher education, self-dependent studies, physical fitness, health.