Train Applications Research Articles

Reflection of Crew Resource Management (CRM) Trainings to Real-Life Field Practice in Air Passenger Transportation: A Qualitative Research

In the air transportation sector, flight safety stands as one of the foremost values. To ensure safety, airlines rely on Crew Resource Management (CRM) training. These training programs aim to foster coordination, communication, and awareness among all personnel involved in flight operations, encouraging rational responses to potential issues as a unified team. Naturally, as is the case with any training process, the practical applicability of CRM training alongside its theoretical structure is of paramount importance. Hence, this study, conducted within the framework of qualitative research, delves into the perspectives of cabin crew members regarding CRM training by evaluating its content, benefits, and real-life field applications. Employing interview-based methodology, qualitative data were gathered from 19 cabin crew participants through purposive sampling. The collected data underwent descriptive analysis, leading to certain conclusions. The findings illustrate that CRM training has a positive impact on emotional and knowledge management, communication skills, team collaboration, and a proactive approach in matters of safety. It underscores that CRM training significantly permeates into the realm of real-world applications—namely, flight operations. However, participants highlighted certain issues and emphasized the need for more practical, interactive, and participant-centered training methods for the enhancement of CRM training, aiming to address those concerns.

Preselection of Applicants for Small UAV Remote Pilot Training

In this article a new method is proposed for the preselection and objective evaluation of applicants for UAV training based on HMI models and mathematical analysis. With the rising number of UAV users there is a need for their preselection and qualification based on objective evaluation of their performance to assure the safety of air operations. A system consisting of a UAV RC controller, a display, and a software solution for the measurement of potential UAV pilot reaction was created. 59 participants were given the task to move the sticks of the RC controller to the random positions shown on the display as quickly and precisely as possible multiple times in a row. Based on the recorded stick movements, the performance of the participants was evaluated using HMI models and mathematical analysis. Four key aspects were identified for the preselection and continual evaluation of the UAV pilots: Transport delay, Time to 90% regulation, Overshoot, Deviation from the target in the stabilized state. For these parameters, limit values were proposed for the preselection of UAV pilot applicants. The created system with possible expansions can be used for effective UAV applicant preselection. The research supports the aim of better preselection and effective training of UAV pilots.

Determination of Training Participants in Community Work Training Centers Using the Naïve Bayes Classifier Algorithm

Community work training centers are skills training institutions that aim to improve the skills of the surrounding community by providing training programs that align with industry needs. Registration of training participants at the Al-Ikhwan Islamic Boarding School community work training centers often faces obstacles, namely, the selection process is still manual, so it takes a long time, and there is a possibility of errors. This study aims to apply the Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm to determine whether applicants pass training at the Al-Ikhwan Islamic Boarding School community work training centers. This classification method is used to help optimize the applicant selection process by considering administrative factors, income, and training quotas. RapidMiner software is used as a tool to implement the algorithm. This study found that the Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm can provide good accuracy results in determining applicants who pass the training selection. The test results show that the resulting model has an accuracy of 90.00% in determining passing training participants with data that has the highest chance of passing, namely data that has the attributes of the female gender, age 20 years, last education Senior High School/Vocational High School, student work/student, income 364,912, father's work as laborer, father's income 3912,280, mother's work as an IRT, and mother's income 885,964. This research increases efficiency and accuracy in determining training applicants at the Al-Ikhwan Islamic Boarding School community work training centers.

Response to workplace aggression in forensic and secure mental health services: Investigating staff confidence, associated factors, and training needs.

To evaluate forensic and secure mental health services (FSMHS) staff's confidence in managing workplace aggression, identify associated factors, and explore their workplace aggression prevention training needs. Through an online survey, staff rated their experience of workplace aggression, perceived effectiveness of current training, and confidence in responding to workplace aggression, and described training needs. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify associated factors with statistical significance. Thematic analysis was used to generate themes describing their training needs. The staff perceived current training as low-to-medium in effectiveness, mirroring their confidence in managing workplace aggression. Nurses experienced more workplace aggression compared to other professions. Staff working at High Security perceived current training as less effective compared to those working at Medium Security or Low Security. Qualitative findings underscored the necessity for improved training content, methods, and supportive strategies. Recommendations for enhancing training include: tailoring training to FSMHS settings; equally focussing on both non-physical and physical intervention techniques; providing more scenario-based hands-on practice opportunities; delivering training in a reasonable trainer-trainee ratio; prioritising nurses and High Security staff and integrating other professions into the training framework; and implementing strategies that support staff, consumers, and environment to ensure training effectiveness and applicability.

Friction and Wear Mechanics of Fe-Based PM Pad Paired with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Silicon Carbide (C/C-SiC) Disk Under High-Speed Braking

Powder metallurgy (PM) brake pads pair with carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide (C/C-SiC) brake disk have been considered as one of the potential candidates for high-speed train applications. In this work, the braking test for iron-based PM (Fe-PM) pads paired with C/C-SiC brake disk at high speeds was conducted on a full-scale flywheel braking dynamometer. With the increasing of initial brake speed (IBS) to 380 km/h, the mean coefficient of friction (µm) gradually decreased, while the wear rate (Wr) of pad got significant increased. The wear pattern of the Fe-PM pad transitioned from abrasive and adhesive wear to oxidative wear with the increasing of IBS, explaining the variations in µm and Wr. Throughout the braking process, wear debris from Fe-PM pad tended to accumulate, forming a dense transfer film (TF) on the C/C-SiC disk. This TF cracked and peeled off due to thermal stress during the braking process. However, analysis of the interior side of the TF revealed that the peeling only caused slight exfoliation of carbon fibers on the surface of the C/C-SiC disk.

Nobel Lecture: Genesis and applications of attosecond pulse trains

Nobel Lecture: Genesis and applications of attosecond pulse trains

Analysis of supply and demand for sports medicine fellowship training: 2012-2022.

The recruitment of high-quality applicants is critical to the vitality of the sports medicine physician workforce. To analyze changes in the total number of available training positions, applicants, and unfilled training positions in the Sports Medicine Match from 2012 to 2022. This was a retrospective cohort study of sports medicine fellowship applicants. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited sports medicine fellowship training programs. A total of 3763 individuals applying for sports medicine fellowship training from 2012 to 2022. Not applicable. Annual number of applicants, training positions, and number of unfilled training positions. From 2012 to 2022, the annual number of training positions in sports medicine increased from 177 to 353 (99% increase, p < .001) while the annual number of applicants increased from 256 to 428 (67% increase, p < .001). The annual applicant-to-training position ratio decreased (1.4 to 1.2, p < .001). Annual match rates increased for both U.S. MD graduates (64% to 86%, p < .001) and non-U.S. MD graduates (64% to 77%, p < .001). U.S. MD graduates had higher match rates than non-U.S. MD graduates in 2021 (79% vs 70%, p < .05) and 2022 (86% vs 77%, p < .05). The percentage of applicants who matched at their first (36%-36%, p > .05), second (14%-15%, p > .05), and third (9%-8%, p > .05) ranked programs did not change. The percentage of applicants who did not match decreased (33%-19%, p < .001). The percentage of available fellowship training positions that went unfilled decreased (8%-2%, p < .001). Interest in sports medicine fellowship training is increasing as evidenced by an increasing number of applications and decreasing rate of unfilled training positions. Continued monitoring of future match cycles is important given projected shortages in the physician workforce.

DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PANDEMIA CONTEXT: THE STUDENT AUDIENCE INTENTIONS

The article presents the features of digitalization of the educational process of higher educational institutions in Ukraine and describes the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic. It was revealed that modern global challenges have become a powerful impetus for effective innovations in the field of education. In particular, the COVID‑19 pandemic created a unique opportunity for the unprepared introduction of digital technologies into the educational process, and with the beginning of the war in Ukraine, the digital format of education became almost the only opportunity to obtain higher education. In the context of the digitalization of the educational process, distance education has become increasingly widespread, specializing in the provision of educational services using the use of modern information and communication technologies in education. Scientific research has identified the advantages of distance learning in higher educational institutions in Ukraine, including temporal, geographical, psychological, ergonomic, etc. Discussive issues that arise in the process of organizing distance learning are highlighted, related to the need for high internal motivation of higher education applicants, technical shortcomings, problems of identifying applicants, lack of live dialogue with the teacher, lack of digital competencies, etc. Factors that negatively affect the quality of implementation of digital learning technologies in higher education institutions have been identified. It was found that thanks to digitalization, the educational process has become more personalized, mobile, accessible, and flexible.The article substantiates the need to create a digital educational environment in the conditions of informatization and digitalization of education. Approaches to substantiating the essence of the digital educational environment are defined, and the conditions for its creation are indicated to improve the quality of educational services. The advantages of the digital educational environment include providing educational opportunities for all participants in the educational process equally; mobility of learning (variation of time and place of study); implementation of continuous education throughout life; training applicants for higher education, students of courses and professional retraining programs according to designed individual educational programs; consumption, use, and development of electronic educational resources. It has been established that the conditions of the digital educational environment make it possible to develop a certain electronic basis for the development of the cognitive and creative activity of higher education applicants and teachers, which accompanies the continuous dynamic formation of a system of knowledge and competencies, which is the basis for managing andensuring the quality of the pedagogical process and educational services. We see the prospect of further scientific research in the studio for digitalization of the educational process.

Optimizing placebo and minimizing nocebo effects through communication: e-learning and virtual reality training development

BackgroundThe effects of many treatments in healthcare are determined by factors other than the treatment itself. Patients’ expectations and the relationship with their healthcare provider can significantly affect treatment outcomes and thereby play a major role in eliciting placebo and nocebo effects. We aim to develop and evaluate an innovative communication training, consisting of an e-learning and virtual reality (VR) training, for healthcare providers across all disciplines, to optimize placebo and minimize nocebo effects through healthcare provider-patient communication. The current paper describes the development, mid-term evaluation, optimization, and final evaluation of the communication training, conducted in The Netherlands.MethodsThe development of both the e-learning and the VR training consisted of four phases: 1) content and technical development, 2) mid-term evaluation by healthcare providers and placebo/communication researchers, 3) optimization of the training, and 4) final evaluation by healthcare providers. To ensure the success, applicability, authenticity, and user-friendliness of the communication training, there was ongoing structural collaboration with healthcare providers as future end users, experts in the field of placebo/communication research, and educational experts in all phases.ResultsPlacebo/communication researchers and healthcare providers evaluated the e-learning positively (overall 7.9 on 0–10 scale) and the content was perceived as useful, accessible, and interesting. The VR training was assessed with an overall 6.9 (0–10 scale) and was evaluated as user-friendly and a safe method for practicing communication skills. Although there were some concerns regarding the authenticity of the VR training (i.e. to what extent the virtual patient reacts like a real patient), placebo and communication researchers, as well as healthcare providers, recognized the significant potential of the VR training for the future.ConclusionsWe have developed an innovative and user-friendly communication training, consisting of an e-learning and VR training (2D and 3D), that can be used to teach healthcare providers how to optimize placebo effects and minimize nocebo effects through healthcare provider-patient communication. Future studies can work on improved authenticity, translate the training into other languages and cultures, expand with additional VR cases, and measure the expected effects on providers communication skills and subsequently patient outcomes.

The Current State and Ways of Improving Islamic Education in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The active development of modern information and digital society activates the issues of prospects and the search for ways of high-quality training of applicants for higher education in the speciality “Islamic Studies” in Kazakhstan and the creation of a modern system of methodological tools for such training as a guarantee of success and competitiveness of specialists in the field of Islamic studies in modern conditions on the labour market. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to improve the system of methodological tools used in the process of preparing applicants for higher education in Kazakhstan. In the course of a study conducted at the Egyptian University of Islamic Culture Nur Mubarak (Almaty) and the College of the Astana Madrassa, a methodological system for training applicants for technical and professional, post-secondary, and higher education in the speciality “Islamic Studies” is developed. In the course of the study, a survey is conducted among students and teachers to examine the level of Islamic education in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the following components of the survey: motivation for learning, development of professional competencies, use of innovative technologies and techniques, ways to improve Islamic education, problems of Islamic education, social interest of the population regarding Islamic education. Recommendations for improving the quality of Islamic education are formulated. This research identifies potential advancements in the methodology for educating candidates at technical, vocational, post-secondary, and tertiary levels, with a focus on incorporating aspects of preparedness for Islamic education. The study's practical contribution lies in its development of an enhanced methodological framework. This framework aims to elevate the education of candidates pursuing technical and professional, post-secondary, and higher education, particularly in shaping future experts during their academic journey in Kazakhstan's specialized higher education institutions.

Two-photon imaging of excitatory and inhibitory neural response to infrared neural stimulation.

Pulsed infrared neural stimulation (INS, 1875nm) is an emerging neurostimulation technology that delivers focal pulsed heat to activate functionally specific mesoscale networks and holds promise for clinical application. However, little is known about its effect on excitatory and inhibitory cell types in cerebral cortex. Estimates of summed population neuronal response time courses provide a potential basis for neural and hemodynamic signals described in other studies. Using two-photon calcium imaging in mouse somatosensory cortex, we have examined the effect of INS pulse train application on hSyn neurons and mDlx neurons tagged with GCaMP6s. We find that, in anesthetized mice, each INS pulse train reliably induces robust response in hSyn neurons exhibiting positive going responses. Surprisingly, mDlx neurons exhibit negative going responses. Quantification using the index of correlation illustrates responses are reproducible, intensity-dependent, and focal. Also, a contralateral activation is observed when INS applied. In sum, the population of neurons stimulated by INS includes both hSyn and mDlx neurons; within a range of stimulation intensities, this leads to overall excitation in the stimulated population, leading to the previously observed activations at distant post-synaptic sites.

Flash-kinetics as a complementary analytical tool in PAM fluorimetry

A new measuring system based on the already existing Multi-Color-PAM Fluorimeter (Schreiber et al. in Photosynth Res 113:127–144, 2012) was developed that in addition to standard PAM measurements enables pump-and-probe flash measurements and allows simultaneous measurements of the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence yield (F) during application of saturating flashes (ST). A high-power Chip-on-Board LED array provides ST flashes with close to rectangular profiles at wide ranges of widths (0.5 µs to 5 ms), intensities (1.3 mmol to 1.3 mol 440 nm quanta m−2 s−1) and highly flexible repetition times. Using a dedicated rising-edge profile correction, sub-µs time resolution is obtained for assessment of initial fluorescence and rise kinetics. At maximal to moderate flash intensities the flash-kinetics (changes of F during course of ST, STK) are strongly affected by ‘High Intensity Quenching’ (HIQ), consisting of Car-triplet quenching, TQ, and donor-side-dependent quenching, DQ. The contribution of TQ is estimated by application of a second ST after 20 µs dark-time. Upon application of flash trains (ST sequences with defined repetition times) typical period-4 oscillations in dark fluorescence yield (F0) and ST-induced fluorescence yield, FmST, are obtained which can be measured in vivo both with suspensions and from the surface of leaves. Examples of application with dilute suspensions of Chlorella and an intact dandelion leaf are presented. It is shown that weak far-red light (730–740 nm) advances the S-state distribution of the water-splitting system by one step, resulting in substantial lowering of FmST and also of the I1-level in the polyphasic rise of fluorescence yield induced by a multiple-turnover flash (MT). Based on comparative measurements of STK and the polyphasic rise kinetics with the same Chlorella sample, it is concluded that the generally observed lower values of maximal fluorescence yields using ST-protocols compared to MT-protocols are due to a higher extent of HIQ (mainly DQ) and the contribution of variable PSI fluorescence to FmST.

Thermodynamic and kinetic degradation of LTO batteries: Impact of different SOC intervals and discharge voltages in electric train applications

Lithium-titanate-oxide (LTO) based lithium-ion batteries show promise for longer lifespan, higher power capability, and lower life cycle cost for energy storage and electric transportation applications than graphite-based counterparts. However, the degradation mechanisms of LTO-based cells in the high and low state-of-charge (SOC) intervals and different discharge cut-off voltages are not clearly investigated. In this study, the application-related lifetime performance of high-power Li4Ti5O12/LiCoO2 batteries is investigated at five independent SOC intervals with 20 % depth-of-discharge (DOD) and three discharge cut-off voltages. Our results show that degradation increases significantly when the batteries are cycled within lower SOC intervals or with lower cut-off voltages. Additionally, thermodynamic degradation is more significant when cycled at 20 % DOD, while kinetic degradation dominates at 100 % DOD. For thermodynamic degradation, the determining degradation mode is shown to be the loss of active material in the negative electrode, while the active material loss at the cathode has a greater impact on the equilibrium voltage curve. The kinetic degradation is mainly due to the slower charge transfer process and diffusion process at the cathode, which increases polarization impedance.

Abstract PO2-14-07: Association between expression of androgen receptor in tumor tissue and risk of breast cancer recurrence among premenopausal Danish women

Abstract Background: Breast cancer prognosis is influenced by tumor biomarker expression. For example, tumors that express the estrogen receptor (ER+) have a lower hazard of recurrence in the first five years following treatment than tumors that do not express the estrogen receptor. Identifying additional biomarkers that are prognostic of breast cancer recurrence may aid in risk stratification and the development of targeted therapies. The androgen receptor (AR) is one such candidate biomarker. While some previous studies have found lower breast cancer mortality associated with AR expression, others have shown no association. However, these studies were conducted in populations exclusively or primarily comprised of postmenopausal women. Since menopause is associated with an increased concentration of androgens relative to estrogens, the role of AR may differ in premenopausal women. Methods: Using the Predictors of Breast Cancer Recurrence cohort (N=5,959)—a prospective cohort study of premenopausal women diagnosed with stage I–III primary breast cancer between 2002 and 2011 and registered in the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) clinical database—we measured the association between tumor AR expression and breast cancer recurrence. The majority of the cohort (77%) had ER+ tumors and were intended to be treated with tamoxifen. Primary paraffin-embedded tumors were collected from treating hospitals, and 2–3 cores were included in a tissue microarray for immunohistochemistry. AR staining of each core was automatically scored using a trained software application and quantified as the percent of tumor nuclei with positive staining. Patients were considered to have AR positive (AR+) tumors if the maximum score across replicate cores was &amp;gt;1% positive. Otherwise patients were classified as having AR negative (AR−) tumors. Patients were followed from breast cancer diagnosis until the first of recurrence, death, emigration, another malignancy, or 10 years. The DBCG defines breast cancer recurrence as any breast cancer diagnosed after the initial course of treatment, including contralateral breast cancers. The association between AR expression and breast cancer recurrence was computed as an unadjusted risk ratio and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Results: Among the 4,658 cohort members with available tumor tissue, 72% had AR+ tumors; 720 recurrences occurred over the 10-year follow-up. Patients with AR+ tumors were less likely to experience a recurrence than patients with AR− tumors [14% vs. 18% respectively; unadjusted risk ratio=0.80, 95% CI: (0.70, 0.92)]. Conclusion: AR expression in primary tumor tissue was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer recurrence in a large population-based cohort of premenopausal women. Additional analyses adjusting for clinical factors, examining the association by breast cancer subtype, and accounting for time to recurrence are forthcoming. Citation Format: Rebecca Nash, Anders Kjærsgaard, Kristina Christensen, Thomas Ahern, Lindsay Collin, Stephen Hamilton-Dutoit, Lauren McCullough, Joellen Schildkraut, Henrik Sørensen, Kevin Ward, Kirsten Woolpert, Timothy Lash, Deirdre Cronin-Fenton. Association between expression of androgen receptor in tumor tissue and risk of breast cancer recurrence among premenopausal Danish women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-14-07.

2984: Radiomics-based Risk Stratification for GBM: Training, Validation, and Clinical Applicability

2984: Radiomics-based Risk Stratification for GBM: Training, Validation, and Clinical Applicability

Inhibition of voltage-gated potassium channel by aripiprazole in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells

Aripiprazole, a third-generation antipsychotic, has been widely used to treat schizophrenia. In this study, we evaluated the effect of aripiprazole on voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells using the patch clamp technique. Aripiprazole reduced the Kv current in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.89 ± 0.20 μM and a Hill coefficient of 1.30 ± 0.25. The inhibitory effect of aripiprazole on Kv channels was voltage-dependent, and an additional aripiprazole-induced decrease in the Kv current was observed in the voltage range of full channel activation. The decay rate of Kv channel inactivation was accelerated by aripiprazole. Aripiprazole shifted the steady-state activation curve to the right and the inactivation curve to the left. Application of a repetitive train of pulses (1 and 2 Hz) promoted inhibition of the Kv current by aripiprazole. Furthermore, the recovery time constant from inactivation increased in the presence of aripiprazole. Pretreatment of Kv1.5 subtype inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of aripiprazole. However, pretreatment with Kv 7 and Kv2.1 subtype inhibitors did not change the degree of aripiprazole-induced inhibition of the Kv current. We conclude that aripiprazole inhibits Kv channels in a concentration-, voltage-, time-, and use (state)-dependent manner by affecting the gating properties of the channels.

A 10-year analysis of application and match rates for pain medicine training in the United States.

We analyzed application and match rates for pain medicine training in the United States and hypothesized that there would be (1) greater growth in the number of training positions than applicants, (2) higher match rates among US allopathic graduates relative to non-US allopathic graduates, and (3) greater number of unfilled training positions over time. Retrospective, cross-sectional study of all applicants for pain medicine training in the United States. National Resident Matching Program data were obtained over a ten-year period (2014-2023). Match rates and applicant-to-position ratios were calculated and compared over time with linear regression. Comparisons were made with chi-square tests. Growth in the number of annual training positions (261-377, 44% increase) exceeded growth in the number of interested applicants (398-415, 4% increase) (P < .001). Annual applicant-to-training position ratios decreased (1.5-1.1, P < .001). The representation of US allopathic graduates among incoming pain medicine fellows decreased over the study period (73%-58%, P < .001) while US osteopathic graduates increased (9%-28%, P < .001).Match rates increased for both US allopathic graduates (71%-91%, P < .001) and non-US allopathic graduates (51%-81%, P < .001). From 2018 to 2023, US allopathic graduates (79%) had higher match rates than US osteopathic graduates (60%, P < .001) and international medical graduates (57%, P < .001). More available annual training positions went unfilled over the study period (2%-5%, P = .006). Stagnant annual applicant volume and increasing number of available training positions have led to increasing match rates for pain medicine fellowship training. Fewer US allopathic graduates are pursuing pain medicine training. The increasing percentage of unfilled training positions warrants ongoing surveillance.

Applicability of a supramaximal high-intensity interval training program for older adults previously not engaged in regular exercise; analyses of secondary outcomes from the Umeå HIT Study

This analysis of secondary outcomes investigated the applicability of supramaximal high-intensity interval training (HIT) with individually prescribed external intensity performed on stationary bicycles. Sixty-eight participants with a median (min; max) age of 69 (66; 79), at the time not engaged in regular exercise were randomized to 25 twice-weekly sessions of supramaximal HIT (20-min session with 10 × 6-s intervals) or moderate-intensity training (MIT, 40-min session with 3 × 8-min intervals).The primary aim was outcomes on applicability regarding; adherence to prescribed external interval intensity, participant reported positive and negative events, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE 6–20), and affective state (Feeling Scale, FS -5–5). A secondary aim was to investigate change in exercise-related self-efficacy (Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale) and motivation (Behavioural Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2).Total adherence to the prescribed external interval intensity was [median (min; max)] 89 % (56; 100 %) in supramaximal HIT, and 100 % (95; 100 %) in MIT. The supramaximal HIT group reported 60 % of the positive (112 of 186) and 36 % of the negative (52 of 146) events. At the end of the training period, the median (min; max) session RPE was 15 (12; 17) for supramaximal HIT and 14 (9; 15) for MIT. As for FS, the median last within-session rating was 3 (−1; 5) for supramaximal HIT and 3 (1; 5) for MIT. Exercise-related motivation increased (mean difference in Relative Autonomy Index score = 1.54, 95 % CI [0.69; 2.40]), while self-efficacy did not change (mean difference = 0.55, 95 % CI [-0.75; 1.82]), regardless of group.This study provide support for supramaximal HIT in supervised group settings for older adults.

Modeling as a research method: a library science discourse

Significant changes in the library industry resulting from its transformations require new models of activity and are characterized by a lack of systematic scientific research on the use of the modeling method in library science theory and practice. This determines the relevance of identifying the state, directions of use and generalizations of the method in library science discourse. Using the semantic analysis of the documentary flow of publications in professional library science journals by keywords, the article analyzes the documentary flow of publications that reflect the results of scientific Ukrainian research and illustrate the representation of modeling in librarianship by conditionally selected generalized thematic clusters. It is concluded that the outlined areas of modeling processes and phenomena in the library science discourse indicate that significant changes in the library industry as a result of its transformations are the subject of attention of Ukrainian researchers, and the results obtained can serve as a significant scientific and methodological basis for further research. In the absence of systematic research and educational and methodological support in the form of textbooks and manuals on modeling in library theory and practice, the existing scientific heritage can be generalized and translated into the educational process of training applicants for master's and doctoral degrees as a proven tool and result of scientific knowledge, for the acquisition of competencies defined by the Standard of Education in the specialty "Information, Library and Archival Affairs".

Features of the content formation of the discipline “Modern valeological technologies” as a mandatory educational component in the professional training of students of educational program “Human Health and Physical Recreation”

This article presents the experience of introducing the mandatory educational discipline "Modern valeological technologies" into the educational process of training applicants of specialty 017 "Physical culture and sport" (on the example of the " Human Health and Physical Recreation" educational program).&#x0D; The purpose of this article is to highlight the experience of using the pedagogical potential of the health-preserving content of the discipline "Modern valeological technologies" in the process of professional training of future specialists in physical recreation and teachers of the basics of health.&#x0D; The content and structural elements of this training course are revealed with the hours indicated, a brief thematic plan is presented. It is proposed to study the discipline "Modern valeological technologies" in the V-VI semester, after studying other basic disciplines of the professional training cycle in the I-II course, such as "Theory and methods of physical education", "Human anatomy with the basics of general and age-related physiology and sports morphology", "Physiology of physical exercises and motor activity" etc. The total amount of study time is 180 hours (6 ECTS credits), including 28 hours – lectures, 50 hours – practical and seminar classes and 102 hours – independent work. The final control form is an exam.&#x0D; It is noted that the following types of active and interactive teaching methods are the most effective in helping students learn the health-preserving content of the discipline "Modern valeological technologies": context-type lectures: problem (discussion) lectures, lectures with visualization, lectures-conversations, binary lectures, lectures with pre-planned mistakes, press conferences, reflective lectures, "lectures in pairs" or combined variations can be used as well, which will compensate for the shortcomings of a typical lecture; innovative forms of seminar classes: pro-seminar, seminar using heuristic conversation, seminar-colloquium, seminar-conference, seminar-dispute, seminar-workshop, seminar-brainstorming, seminar-business game; training methods.