Antioxidant Vitamins Research Articles

Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Active Substances in Wound Dressings.

Wound dressings for skin lesions, such as bedsores or pressure ulcers, are widely used for many patients, both during hospitalization and in subsequent treatment at home. To improve the treatment and shorten the healing time and, therefore, the cost, numerous types of wound dressings have been developed by manufacturers. Considering certain inconveniences related to the intolerance of some patients to antibiotics and the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and curative properties of certain essential oils, we conducted research by incorporating these oils, based on polyvinyl alcohol/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) biopolymers, into dressings. The objective of this study was to study the potential of a polymeric matrix for wound healing, with polyvinyl alcohol as the main material and polyvinyl pyrrolidone and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as secondary materials, together with additives (plasticizers poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and glycerol), stabilizers (Zn stearate), antioxidants (vitamin A and vitamin E), and four types of essential oils (fennel, peppermint, pine, and thyme essential oils). For all the studied samples, the combining compatibility, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity properties were investigated. The obtained results demonstrated a uniform morphology for almost all the samples and adequate barrier properties for contact with suppurating wounds. The results show that the obtained samples containing essential oils have a good inhibitory effect on, or antimicrobial properties against, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The MTT assay showed that the tested samples were not toxic and did not lead to cell death. The results showed that the essential oils used provide an effective solution as active substances in wound dressings.

Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Food Sources of Selected Antioxidant Minerals and Vitamins; and Their Relationship with Personal and Family Factors in Spanish Children Aged 1 to

Minerals and vitamins involved in the antioxidant defense system are essential for healthy growth and proper development during infancy. Milk and dairy products are of particular importance for improving the supply of these nutrients to children. Indeed, the present study aimed to evaluate the nutrient intake and food sources of zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), retinol and carotenoids (sources of vitamin A), and vitamins C and E, and to analyze their relationships with personal and familiar factors in Spanish children from the EsNuPI study. One subpopulation representative of the Spanish population from 1 to <10 years old (n = 707) (reference group, REF) who reported consuming all types of milk over the last year, and another subpopulation of the same age who reported consuming fortified milk formulas (FMFs) (including follow-on formula, young child formula, growing up milk, toddler’s milk, and enriched and fortified milk) (n = 741) (fortified milk consumers, FMCs) completed two 24 h dietary recalls used to estimate their nutrient intakes and to compare them to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). The REF reported higher median intakes than FMCs for Se (61 µg/kg vs. 51 µg/kg) and carotenoids (1079 µg/day vs. 998 µg/day). Oppositely, FMCs reported higher intakes than REF for Zn (7.9 mg/day vs. 6.9 mg/day), vitamin A (636 µg/day vs. 481 µg/day), vitamin E (8.9 mg/day vs. 4.5 mg/day), vitamin C (113 mg/day vs. 71 mg/day), and retinol (376 µg/day vs. 233 µg/day). In the REF group, more than 50% of the children met the EFSA recommendations for Zn (79.6%), Se (87.1%), vitamin A (71.3%), and vitamin C (96.7%), respectively. On the other hand, 92.2% were below the EFSA recommendations for vitamin E. In the FMC group, more than 50% of the children met the EFSA recommendations for Zn (55.2%), Se (90.8%), vitamin A (75.7%), vitamin E (66.7%), and vitamin C (100%). We found statistically significant differences between subpopulations for all cases except for Se. In both subpopulations, the main sources of all antioxidant nutrients were milk and dairy products. For carotenoids, the main sources were vegetables and fruits followed by milk and dairy products. A high percentage of children had vitamins A and E intakes below the recommendations, information of great importance to stakeholders. More studies using intakes and biomarkers are needed, however, to determine an association with diverse factors of oxidative damage.

Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Passiflora edulis Extract

Passion fruit is a type of wild exotic plant in Malaysia. Common passion fruits planted in Malaysia are Passiflora edulis Sims (purple) and Passiflora edulis var flavicarpa (yellow). These fruits contain a high amount of antioxidants, polyphenols and vitamin C and are widely used as fruit juice, jam, and syrup product. However, there is a lack of information about the nutritional composition of the juice and seed of P. edulis (purple) cultivated in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content of P. edulis (purple) using two different solvent extraction, 70% of ethanol and 70% of methanol. The total phenolic content (TPC) was carried out by using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method, while the antioxidant activity was analysed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to determine the IC50 value of extracted samples. Ascorbic acid content from fresh juice and seeds samples was analysed by using Indophenol (DCPIP) method. The result showed that the extraction using ethanol produced the highest TPC with 9.249±0.04 mg GAE/g in seeds and 0.0139±0.02 mg GAE/g in juice, respectively. The lowest IC50 value was obtained by sample extracted with ethanol, which was 83.85±4.66 mg/L in seed and 305.47±5.28 mg/L in juice. The seed sample (53.68±4.95 mg/100mg) exhibited a high ascorbic acid content compared to the juice sample (46.66±3.28 mg/100mg). In conclusion, seeds of P. edulis possessed the strongest antioxidant activity and vitamin C content. This study could contribute to information regarding the phytochemical constituents and suitable solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds that can act as antioxidants and thus promote health effects on the human body.

The Benefit of Supplemental Vitamin E to Reduce Radiation-Induced Oral Side Effects in Head and Neck Cancer

Antioxidant use during oncology treatment is controversial. Inconsistent research indicates that antioxidant supplementation can be both beneficial and harmful. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the recently published literature to determine whether oral supplementation with the antioxidant vitamin E is beneficial for reducing common side effects of radiation therapy in adults diagnosed with head and neck cancer. Three studies demonstrated supplementation can be effective in reducing side effects without compromising locoregional control, disease-free survival, or overall survival. Larger studies are needed to determine the optimal dose and duration of supplementation and the effectiveness of vitamin E as monotherapy.

Two previously undescribed benzofuran derivatives from the flowers of Callistephus chinensis

Chemical investigation of the ethanol extract of the flowers of Callistephus chinensis resulted in the isolation of five compounds ( 1 - 5 ), including two previously undescribed benzofuran derivatives, named calliistephus E ( 1 ) and calliistephus F ( 2 ), and three known compounds. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic analysis. All compounds were tested for antioxidant activity, including ABTS and DPPH, with IC 50 values ranging from 54.96 to 74.03 μM. This compared well with the antioxidant control Vitamin C, which had an IC 50 value of 14.26 μM in ABTS and 16.57 μM in DPPH. • Two previously undescribed ( 1 and 2 ) and three known ( 3–5 ) benzofuran derivatives were discovered the flowers of Callistephus chinensis . • Their structures were identified by the interpretation of spectroscopic data. • CD spectra was applied to determine the absolute configuration of compounds 1 and 2 . • The compounds 1-5 showed moderate antioxidant capacity.

Beneficios y limitaciones de la dieta vegana en el requerimiento nutricional de atletas

The vegan diet refers to nutrition based on a wide variety of plant-based food groups (i.e., fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, spices and herbs, mushrooms, and algae) that also excludes all. to all foods of animal origin (ie meat, fish, dairy and eggs). Various scientific studies on the nutritional contribution of the vegan diet in athletes seek to identify the benefits and limitations of a vegan diet in the nutritional requirement of athletes, compared to an omnivore diet. Sports nutrition is essential for optimal physical and mental performance, reduces the risk of illness and injury; That is why it is necessary to consume the macro and micronutrient requirements according to the type and intensity of exercise performed by the athlete. Vegan diets in general provide an optimal basis for vegan athletes to develop their overall potential, from increased intake of complex carbohydrates, dietary fiber, antioxidant vitamins C and E. However, a plant-based diet reduces intake of exclusive nutrients of animal origin. This influences the performance of endurance and strength, even occasions that female athletes develop diseases such as the female athlete triad (FAT) or the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) if it is not accompanied by supplements of vitamin B12, creatine and proteins. The present bibliographic review aims to show that with an adequate strategic selection and management of food choices, paying special attention to the achievement of energy, macro and micronutrient recommendations, together with adequate supplementation, a vegan diet can satisfy the needs of most athletes satisfactorily.

A comparative overview on the role of melatonin and vitamins as potential antioxidants against oxidative stress induced degenerative infirmities: An emerging concept

Oxidative stress is a biological phenomenon described by decreased ability of the antioxidative system to neutralize excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low or moderate concentrations, ROS creates harmony in physiological functions but over production of ROS in long term can predisposes several chronic and neurodegenerative diseases such as coronary diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hemolytic anemia, pulmonary diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. The therapeutic use of antioxidants to control oxidative damage is a well-established phenomenon. In these aspects, melatonin and other classical antioxidant vitamins such as carotenoids, α-tocopherol, vitamin D, and ascorbic acid have gained enormous attention in the modern research area. In this review, we will discuss the comparative as well as the synergistic role of melatonin and other vitamins against stress-mediated disorders. Noteworthy, based on research evidence mentioned here we can recommend the combined use of melatonin and vitamins to alleviate the stress-induced toxicity in the broad spectrum.

CIGARETTE SMOKE INTENSITY AND AN AMELIORATIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN C ON BLOOD CELL COUNTS IN ALBINO RATS

In the present study, cigarette smoke exposure shows significant alterations on blood parametersviz., Total Erythrocyte counts (TEC), Haemoglobin concentration (Hb.con.), packed cell volume(PCV), Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate (ESR), Total leukocyte counts and platelets count in albinorats. These changes may be due to the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses induced bycigarette smoke on haematopoietic system. Cigarette smoke consists of carbon monoxide andnicotinamide, which are toxic gases having the capacity to binds with the haemoglobin in redblood cells and interferes with the body’s ability to supply inadequate oxygen to the tissues thatacts as a stimulus for marrow production in the result of hypoxic polycythemia and also inducedan irritated action of tobacco smoke on the respiratory tract which causes leukocytosis in albinorats. While after supplementation of antioxidant vitamin C, which reduces the toxicity generatedby cigarette smoke to a maximum extent. This is due to the antioxidant defence mechanism ofvitamin C, which mitigates the toxic actionof cigarette smoke in albino rats.

In silico Prediction and In vitro Antioxidant Activities of Two Jujube Fruits from Different Regions

Jujube is a fruit rich in antioxidant compounds and vitamin C. In this way, it can prevent cell damage by fighting free radicals. In the study, antioxidant activities, total phenolic and total flavonoid compound amounts of methanolic extracts of jujube fruits were determined. In addition, their biochemical compositions were determined using HPLC. Also, an in silico prediction study of the identified active ingredients was performed to evaluate antioxidant, antiradical, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and membrane integrity antagonist properties. For the determination of antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing power (FRAP) and cupric ion reducing capacity (CUPRAC), DPPH radical scavenging activity and β-carotene-linoleic acid assay were used. The amounts of total phenolic and the total flavonoid compounds of the extracts were determined as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and as quercetin equivalent (QE). The methanolic extract of jujube collected from Antalya contains 580 μg GAE.mg-1 and 240 μg QE.mg-1, and the methanolic extract of jujube collected from Denizli contains 900 μg GA.mg-1 and 380 μg QE.mg-1. The IC50 values of Antalya and Denizli methanolic extracts according to the DPPH scavenging assay were 10.34 and 9.82, respectively. Gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid were detected by HPLC. In addition, the in silico effects of these molecules were estimated with the PASS online prediction program. As a result, it was seen that Denizli jujube had a higher antioxidant effect than Antalya jujube.

Micronutrients and the Risk of Allergic Diseases in School Children.

Microelements and vitamins are believed to have immunomodulatory effects. The aim of the study was to establish the role of antioxidants (vitamins A, E, D) and microelements such as copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) levels in allergic diseases in schoolchildren. The study uses a cohort of 80 children (40 with and 40 without allergy/asthma diagnosis) aged 9 to 12 years recruited for the Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study. At nine to twelve years old, the children were tested for microelement and vitamin content and health status (including skin-prick test and spirometry, urine cotinine level). Demographic data were collected from mothers by an allergist. The risk of asthma occurrence was found to be significantly related to the levels of Cu and Zn. The level of Cu was also particularly closely associated with allergic rhinitis and was indicated as a significant predictor of food allergy. The levels of Cu and Zn, and poor nutritional status in general, can influence the immune system and may be considered risk factors for developing asthma, allergic rhinitis and food allergy.

Chemical characterisation and in vitro wound healing activity of Tunisian ghee products

SummaryAyurvedic literature has demonstrated the healing properties of ghee when used systemically and topically. Ghee possesses regenerative properties that can heal wounds, and therefore, the study aimed to compare different types of Tunisian ghee (traditional and industrial cow, goat and sheep) for their wound healing activity. Comparison of the ghee was achieved by studying their antioxidant activity, oxidative stability, fatty acids and vitamin composition analysis, as well as their ability to stimulate dermal fibroblast migration and wound healing process. This study indicates that this Tunisian product with high antioxidant capacity rich in vitamins A and E could improve fibroblast migration, suggesting thus an application as a healing element in an ointment base.

Antioxidant vitamin supplementation on muscle adaptations to resistance training: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine whether antioxidant vitamin supplementation with vitamin C (VitC) and vitamin E (VitE) affects the hypertrophic and functional adaptations to resistance training in trained men. MethodsThis was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in which participants were supplemented daily with VitC and VitE ( n = 12) or placebo ( n = 11) while completing a 10-wk resistance training program accompanied by a dietary intervention (300 kcal surplus and adequate protein intake) designed to optimize hypertrophy. Body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), handgrip strength, and one-repetition maximum (1-RM), maximal force (F0), velocity (V0), and power (Pmax) were measured in bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) tests conducted before and after the intervention. To detect between-group differences, multiple-mixed analysis of variance, standardized differences, and qualitative differences were estimated. Relative changes within each group were assessed using a paired Student's t test. ResultsIn both groups, similar improvements were produced in BP 1-RM , SQ 1-RM SQ, and BP F0 (P < 0.05) after the resistance training program. A small effect size was observed for BP 1-RM (d = 0.53), BP F0 (d = 0.48), and SQ 1-RM (d = –0.39), but not for SQ F0 (d = 0.03). Dominant handgrip strength was significantly increased only in the placebo group (P < 0.05). According to body composition data, a significant increase was produced in upper body fat-free mass soft tissue (FFMST; P < 0.05) in the placebo group, whereas neither total nor segmental FFMST was increased in the vitamin group. Small intervention effect sizes were observed for upper body FFSMT (d = 0.32), non-dominant and dominant leg FFMST (d = –0.39; d = –0.42). Although a significant increase in total body fat was observed in both groups (P < 0.05) only the placebo group showed an increase in visceral adipose tissue (P < 0.05), showing a substantial intervention effect (d = 0.85). ConclusionsThe data indicated that, although VitC/VitE supplementation seemed to blunt upper body strength and hypertrophy adaptations to resistance training, it could also mitigate gains in visceral adipose tissue elicited by an energy surplus.

Morin-VitaminE-β-CyclodextrinInclusionComplexLoadedChitosanNanoparticles (M-Vit.E-CD-CSNPs) Ameliorate Arsenic-Induced Hepatotoxicityina Murine Model.

The special features of cyclodextrins (CDs), hydrophilic outer surfaces and hydrophobic inner surfaces, allow for development of inclusion complexes. The two bioactive strong antioxidant hepatoprotective compounds, Morin and vitamin E, are water insoluble. The present study aimed to prepare Morin-vitamin E-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex loaded chitosan nanoparticles (M-Vit.E-CD-CS NPs) and to examine their hepatoprotective efficacy against arsenic-induced toxicity in a murine model. The NPs were characterized by FTIR, DLS, NMR, DSC, XRD, AFM, and a TEM study. The NPs were spherical in shape, 178 ± 1.5 nm in size with a polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.18 and a zeta potential value of −22.4 ± 0.31 mV, with >50% encapsulation and drug loading efficacy. Mice were exposed to arsenic via drinking water, followed by treatment without or with the NPs on every alternate day up to 30 days by oral gavaging. Administration of NPs inhibited the arsenic-induced elevation of liver function markers, inflammatory and proapoptotic factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, alteration in the level of blood parameters and antioxidant factors, and liver damage, which was measured by different biochemical assays, ELISA, Western blot, and histological study. Organ distribution of nanoparticles was measured by HPLC. M-Vit.E-CD-CS NPs showing potent hepatoprotective activity may be therapeutically beneficial.

Impact of exposure of human osteoblast cells to titanium dioxide particles in-vitro.

Titanium Dental implant is the most successful treatment modality to replace missing teeth today. Although titanium is considered biologically biocompatible, strong, and corrosion-free, the risk of implant failure continues due to bone loss at the expense of optimum oral health. Current research points toward the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles leached from dental implant surface, which occurred due to mechanical and chemical insults on the surface. This study aimed to investigate the influence of TiO2 particles of different sizes leaching from implant surfaces on Human Osteoblast cells (HOB) in-vitro. Titanium dioxide particles in both nano (NPs) and micro (MPs) size and at different concentrations were introduced to human osteoblast cells with and without treatment with vitamin C. Production of ROS was measured using H2DCFDA cellular ROS Assay Kit and MCP-1 and IL-8 cytokines released were assayed at 24 h time point using ELISA technique. Results showed a dose dependent increase in ROS production following exposure of HOB to both nano and micro particles. MCP-1 and IL-8 were released and there was minimal difference between the amount generated by nano compared with micro size particles. Treatment of HOB with antioxidant vitamin C demonstrated a significant reduction in the generation of ROS. At the same time, MCP-1 release was reduced significantly for the 100 μg/mL TiO2 NPs and MPs after Vitamin C treatment while IL-8 release increased significantly. This study suggests a positive role played by antioxidants in the control of ROS generation and chemokines production in the peri-implant tissue environment.

Changes in the antioxidant properties of Ocimum africanum leaves aqueous extract from the southeastern region of Nigeria after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

ABSTRACT The potential for antioxidant compounds to be released from the original food matrix is greatly determined by bioaccessibility. Digestive enzymes have a substantial impact on the antioxidant properties of dietary items after ingestion. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant properties of Ocimum africanum leaves aqueous extract (OALAE) before and after in vitro digestion. In vitro gastro-pancreatic digestion of extracted samples (steamed, air dried and fried) was done using artificial gastric fluid, and 4 mL of artificial intestinal fluid. Antioxidant analyses were carried out on the OALAE samples (group 1: steamed, group 2: fried, group 3: air dried and group 4: garlic acid standard), before digestion (undigested), post-intestinal digestion with enzymes and post-intestinal digestion without enzymes. The trends of antioxidant properties of the OALAE (in-vitro) were as follows: air dried > steamed > fried. A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin E, vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and non-heme iron content of OALAE in post-intestinal digestion with enzyme and post-intestinal digestion without enzyme was found compared to the undigested extract in group 1, 2, 3, and 4. Significant decrease was observed in antioxidant activity (illustrated using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and TAC) of post-intestinal digestion with enzyme compared to post-intestinal without enzymes in group 1, 2, 3 and 4. The results suggested that antioxidant properties of O. africanum leaves are unstable and may show limited activity after stimulated gastrointestinal digestion.

Causal associations between dietary antioxidant vitamin intake and lung cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.

BackgroundOxidative stress is currently considered to be closely related to the occurrence of respiratory tumors, especially lung cancer. Many observational studies have shown that increased antioxidant intake can reduce the risk of lung cancer, but the results are still controversial. Therefore, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis to clarify the causal relationship between antioxidant vitamins and lung cancer.MethodsTo assess the causal effect of dietary antioxidant vitamin intake on lung cancer, we conducted a two-sample MR analysis and we extracted single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with antioxidants from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of the UK biobank. We gathered summary data for lung cancer from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), including 11,348 cases and 15,861 controls, and applied the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary MR analysis, and performed a sensitivity analysis to verify the results.ResultsThe results showed that higher dietary retinol intake was causally associated with lung cancer overall [odds ratio (OR) = 1.844, 95% CI, 1.359–2.502, p = 0.00009], squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 2.162, 95% CI, 1.117–4.183, p = 0.022), and lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.706, 95% CI, 1.084–2.685, p = 0.021). Additionally, carotene was positively correlated with lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.510, 95% CI, 1.002–2.276, p = 0.049). However, there was a non-significant relationship between the intake of other dietary antioxidants (vitamin C and vitamin E) and lung cancer.ConclusionOur research showed that dietary retinol intake has an adverse impact on lung cancer, and carotene might increase the risk of adenocarcinoma. This highlights the importance of revealing the underlying mechanisms of dietary antioxidant vitamins in lung cancer and delivers an important health message that dietary antioxidant vitamin intake may not be necessary for the prevention of lung cancer. It also provides a basis for future research.

Incorporating Watermelon Rind into Jackfruit Seed Drink: A Functional Drink Rich in Antioxidant and Phenolic Compounds

Functional foods are believed to be medicinal due to their nutritional content, phenolic and various phytochemical compounds. Jackfruit seeds and watermelon rind are often discarded as food waste. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity, vitamin C, and total phenolic content in jackfruit seed drink JSD with watermelon rind as a functional drink. Antioxidant activity was observed based on DPPH inhibition. The results showed significant differences between formulas based on vitamin C, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity with JSD 2 as the best formula. JSD 2 showed total phenolic vitamin C, and antioxidant activity tasks of 37.83 ± 0.68 mg/100g; 29.86±0.60 mgGAE/g; 40.98±0.78%. The addition of watermelon rind into JSD significantly increases health potential.

Effect of Fenugreek, Nigella Sativa and Green Tea Mixture on Liver Function, Oxidative–Antioxidant Balance and Vitamin D Metabolism in Patients with HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis

Effect of Fenugreek, Nigella Sativa and Green Tea Mixture on Liver Function, Oxidative–Antioxidant Balance and Vitamin D Metabolism in Patients with HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis

Substitution of Dragon Fruit Peels on Vitamin C, Water content, and Fiber in Milk Pie to improve human health

The economic value of dragon fruit peels can be increased through the process of diversification, hence, it becomes a food waste when not used often. This research provides a broader view of the terms of the strategy to achieve dragon fruit diversification and food independence towards the realization of food security. This research aims to determine the effect of dragon fruit peel substitutes on the antioxidant vitamin c, water content, and milk pie fiber to improve human health. Furthermore, the vitamin C content, fiber, and water content were analyzed, and the data obtained were processed using ANOVA followed by DMRT at p≤0.05. According to the result obtained, the total vitamin C content in the sample varies between 1.12 and 1.20 mg/100g. Sample S3 had the highest vitamin C content, and the more the dragon fruit peels are added, the higher the vitamin C content of dragon fruit peels milk pie. The total water content of the sample ranged from 22.08% - 23.74%. Sample S1 which is a pie without the addition of dragon fruit skin has the highest water content of 23.74%. While sample S2 which is a pie with the highest addition of dragon fruit skin has the lowest water content of 22.08%. The more dragon fruit peels are added, the lower the water content in the dragon fruit peels milk pie. This makes the milk pie product to be crispier when dragon fruit peels are added. While the total fiber content of the sample ranged from 8.01-10.13%, sample S3 has the highest fiber content of 10.13%. The more dragon fruit peels are added, the higher the fiber content of dragon fruit peels milk pie. The use of dragon fruit peels which were originally a food waste can improve the quality of milk pie products in terms of water content, fiber, and vitamin C. The addition of dragon fruit peels can also reduce the water content in the milk pie and make the product more durable.

APPROACHES TO RATIONAL NUTRITION OF THE POPULATION OF INDUSTRIALIZED REGIONS EXPOSED TO AEROGENIC IMPACT OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

In the process of sustainable development of regions, negative consequences arise in the form of (1) depletion of natural and energy resources, (2) reduction of biological diversity, (3) violation of the stability of ecosystems, and (4) pollution of environmental objects, including atmospheric air. The constant prolonged chronic aerogenic impact of aromatic hydrocarbons on the human body can make a significant contribution to the formation of additional morbidity and mortality in the population. The ability to neutralize and correct the effect of these compounds is ensured not only by continuous monitoring of the quality of atmospheric air and its impact on human health but also by specifically selected food rations. The analysis of modern theoretical data of international and Russian scientific literature was conducted within the methodological approaches to organizing food for the population in conditions of chemical pollution of atmospheric air. We searched for scientific information in bibliographic and abstract databases. Besides, we presented the average long-term data on (1) the content of benzene and phenol in the atmospheric air and blood in children living under conditions of high chemical aerogenic load with these substances; (2) the state of the antioxidant and conjugation-elimination functions of the benzene biotransformation system; (3) the assessment of the secretion of proteolytic digestive enzymes; and (4) the state of liver cells and excretory-concentration function of the biliary tract. There are examples of food products, the systematic inclusion of which in the diet accelerates the modification and elimination of chemicals; moreover, it has a membrane-stabilizing, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effect. Acceleration of biotransformation and elimination of toxic substances can be done by including food products with a high content of fiber and pectins in the diet. The acceleration of the metabolism of toxic substances can be carried out by including in the diet foods with a high content of fiber and pectins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidant vitamins. The importance of the availability of special diets for all groups of the population living in industrially developed regions under conditions of aerogenic chemical load, including aromatic hydrocarbons, is shown to minimize the negative impact of human-made chemicals and prevent diseases caused by an increased level of atmospheric air pollution.