APPROACHES TO RATIONAL NUTRITION OF THE POPULATION OF INDUSTRIALIZED REGIONS EXPOSED TO AEROGENIC IMPACT OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

Abstract

In the process of sustainable development of regions, negative consequences arise in the form of (1) depletion of natural and energy resources, (2) reduction of biological diversity, (3) violation of the stability of ecosystems, and (4) pollution of environmental objects, including atmospheric air. The constant prolonged chronic aerogenic impact of aromatic hydrocarbons on the human body can make a significant contribution to the formation of additional morbidity and mortality in the population. The ability to neutralize and correct the effect of these compounds is ensured not only by continuous monitoring of the quality of atmospheric air and its impact on human health but also by specifically selected food rations. The analysis of modern theoretical data of international and Russian scientific literature was conducted within the methodological approaches to organizing food for the population in conditions of chemical pollution of atmospheric air. We searched for scientific information in bibliographic and abstract databases. Besides, we presented the average long-term data on (1) the content of benzene and phenol in the atmospheric air and blood in children living under conditions of high chemical aerogenic load with these substances; (2) the state of the antioxidant and conjugation-elimination functions of the benzene biotransformation system; (3) the assessment of the secretion of proteolytic digestive enzymes; and (4) the state of liver cells and excretory-concentration function of the biliary tract. There are examples of food products, the systematic inclusion of which in the diet accelerates the modification and elimination of chemicals; moreover, it has a membrane-stabilizing, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effect. Acceleration of biotransformation and elimination of toxic substances can be done by including food products with a high content of fiber and pectins in the diet. The acceleration of the metabolism of toxic substances can be carried out by including in the diet foods with a high content of fiber and pectins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidant vitamins. The importance of the availability of special diets for all groups of the population living in industrially developed regions under conditions of aerogenic chemical load, including aromatic hydrocarbons, is shown to minimize the negative impact of human-made chemicals and prevent diseases caused by an increased level of atmospheric air pollution.