Antioxidant Activity Of Ethanolic Extract Research Articles

Antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract and lyoniresinol from bark of Zelkova serrata

Reactive oxygen species- (ROS) induced oxidation stress is a key cause of human health problems. Studies have shown that many diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, carcinogenesis and inflammatory diseases, are associated with ROS. Plant polyphenols have the ability to remove these ROS in the human body, indicating their potential to improve human health. Zelkova serrata is a traditional medicinal plant in Taiwan and all of its plant parts have various health applications and even antioxidant activities. This study aimed to understand the antioxidant activities of bark polyphenols from Z. serrata and their active components. Results showed that the ethanolic extract of bark had free-radical scavenging abilities and reducing power. Although the extract barely had any flavonoids or condensed tannins, it comprised polar polyphenols with antioxidant activities. Furthermore, antioxidant activities in the extract originated mainly from lyoniresinol via hydrogen atom and electron transfer. These findings suggest that the bark extract of Z. serrata is also a potential resource for health improvement.

Quality Control Standardization and in-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Marsilea quadrifolia Linn.

Pharmacognosy Research,2022,14,2,140-145.DOI:10.5530/pres.14.2.20Published:April 2022Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Kancharla Bhanukiran, Tarkeshwar Dubey, and Siva Hemalatha Author(s) affiliations:Kancharla Bhanukiran, Tarkeshwar Dubey, Siva Hemalatha* Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA. Abstract:Background: The species Marsilea quadrifolia L. belonging to the family Marsileaceae is a semi-aquatic plant widely distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of India. The whole plant of Marsilea quadrifolia L. is extensively used for its eminent medicinal properties. Objectives: Despite promising therapeutic benefits, the plant seems to be less explored, and consequently, the present investigation focuses on exploring pharmacognostical parameters, quality control standardization and antioxidant studies. Materials and Methods: The microscopical (transverse sections of leaves, petiole, stem, and root.) studies, leaf constants (stomatal number, vein islet number, etc.), and powder microscopic examination were performed. All physicochemical evaluations, like swelling index, foaming index, etc. were accomplished as per the World health organization (WHO) guidelines. TLC profiling and HPLC standardization of ethanolic extract was also performed. In vitro, antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract were carried out by various methods. Results: The transverse sections of all parts of the plant, leaf constants, and powder microscopy were reported with clear identification. Physicochemical parameters, i.e., foaming index (<100), Loss on drying (13.99 w/w), moisture content (13.75 w/w), total ash value (13.5 w/w) were done. Ethanolic extract was standardized with reference to quercetin and quantified HPLC data was calculated to be 2.1805±0.02089 mg/g. The antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract and its IC50 values are reported. Conclusion: We have reported complete pharmacognostical standardization of Marsilea quadrifolia L. as per WHO guidelines. We have reported the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Marsilea quadrifolia L. along with quantitative estimation of quercetin using HPLC. Keywords: Quercetin, HPLC, Pharmacognosy, Phytopharmaceuticals, Sushni, European water clover. View:PDF (495.6 KB)

Ethnopharmacognosy study, antioxidant activity, and chemical content in chicken bile

The aim of this research was to study the ethnopharmacognosy, antioxidant activity, and chemical content of chicken bile. In addition, a bioactivity-guided isolation was also performed to identify compounds in chicken bile having antioxidant activity. Extraction was carried out by reflux method. Each extract was tested for its antioxidant activity using DPPH and CUPRAC methods. Fractionation was performed on selected extract, namely ethyl acetate extract, using vacuum liquid chromatography and subfraction using preparative TLC method and classical column chromatography (CCC). Compound 1 was characterized and identified by NMR, compound 2 was characterized and identified by LC-MS/MS and NMR, subfraction 7 was characterized by GC-MS. The result of the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of chicken bile using the DPPH method (IC 50: 46.64 g/mL), ethyl acetate extract (IC 50: 69.99 g/mL), n-hexane extract (IC 50: 71.65 g/mL, fraction 15-17 (IC 50: 88.77 g/mL) showed strong antioxidant, whereas by CUPRAC method all extracts (EC 50: 69.90, EC 50: 80.28, EC 50: 70.40) and fraction (EC 50: 64.53) are strong antioxidants. The result of identification of compound 1 by NMR was identified as cholesterol, identification of compound 2 by LC-MS/MS was (E)-hexadecyl-ferulate and subfraction 7 which was identified by GC-MS produced dominant compounds, namely oleic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and palmitoleic acid. In conclusion, extract, fraction 15-17 and subfraction of chicken bile have antioxidant activity where the active antioxidant compound is a phenol group compound, namely (E)-hexadecyl-ferulate. The other chemical constituents found in chicken bile are, oleic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, and palmitoleic acid.

AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI DAUN BINTANGUR (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) TERHADAP RADIKAL BEBAS DPPH (1,1 Difenil-2-pikrihidrazil

Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit oxidation reactions by binding to free radicals and highly reactive molecules. Bintangur contains saponins, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. In the presence of flavonoids, the purpose of this study is to understand the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts against DPPH free radicals, and the IC50 parameter has the highest antioxidant activity. Use ethanol to macerate Bintangur leaf powder. Analyze the content of secondary metabolites in ethanol extracts. Use a spectrophotometer to test the antioxidant activity of the obtained extract against DPPH free radicals at a wavelength of 517 nm, and determine the IC50 value. Routine was used as a positive control in this study. The results of three repeated studies showed that the IC50 values ​​of the ethanol extract were 65.49 ppm, 65.76 ppm, and 65.76 ppm, respectively. Average IC50 value is 55.67 ppm.

HPLC-MS Profiling, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Cytotoxicity Activities of Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq. Extracts.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate for the first time the phytochemical constituents and biological properties of three (ethanol, acetone, and hexane) Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq. (A. indicum) extracts. Quantitative analysis revealed the significantly (p < 0.05) dominance of ethanolic extract on total polyphenol (TPC; 303.67 ± 4.16 mg GAE/g DR) and flavonoid (TFC; 55.33 ± 2.52 mg CE/g DR) contents than the other extracts, also displaying high and equipotent condensed tannin (TCTC) contents as the acetone extract. The qualitative HPLC-MS analysis elucidates 19 and 18 compounds in ethanolic and acetonic extracts, respectively, belonging to the phenolics and flavonoids chemical classes. The extracts were also screened for their in vitro antioxidant activities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion, and ferric ion (Fe3+) reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), demonstrating the potent antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract, due to its stronger scavenging DPPH• (IC50 = 7.17 ± 1.26 μg/mL) which is not significantly (p > 0.05) different from the positive control, BHT (IC50 = 10.70 ± 0.61 μg/mL), however moderate activity through FRAP and superoxide anion radicals have been observed. Four Gram-positive, four Gram-negative bacteria, and four pathogenic fungi were used for the antimicrobial activity. In addition, S. epidermidis, M. luteus, E. faecalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei were found to be the most susceptible strains towards ethanolic extract. Cytotoxicity values against human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and human epidermoid cancer cells (Hep2), and one continuous cell lineage control (Vero) revealed that the HT29 cancer cell line was the most responsive to A. indicum shoot extract treatment and significantly (p < 0.05) different from the other cancer cells. Moreover, when tested for their antidiabetic inhibitory effect, ethanol extract recorded the highest antidiabetic effect with IC50 = 13.17 ± 1.04 mg/mL, which is 8.4-fold higher than acetone extract. Therefore, the present study provides new findings on the use of A. indicum shoot ethanolic extract to cure many incurable diseases.

Comparative Study on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Strobile Extracts

In this study, we investigated the phenolic compounds in hop strobile extracts and evaluated their antioxidant property using DPPH and ABTS assay. The total phenolic compound (TPC) and total flavonoid compound (TFC) estimated in two different solvent extracts considerably varied depending on the extraction solvent. The most abundant phenolic compound in hop strobile was humulones (α-acid) with levels ranging from 50.44 to 193.25 µg/g. El Dorado accession revealed higher antioxidant activity in ethanol extracts (DPPH: IC50 124.3 µg/mL; ABTS: IC50 95.4 µg/mL) when compared with that of the other accessions. Correlations between DPPH (IC50) scavenging TFC in ethanol extract (TFC_E, −0.941), and TPC_E (−0.901), and between ABTS (IC50) scavenging TFC_E (−0.853), and TPC_E (−0.826), were statistically significant at p < 0.01 level, whereas no significant correlation was observed between antioxidant activities, TPC and TFC in water extract. This study is the first to report that variations in the level of phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of various hop cultivars depended on the type of extraction solvent used and the cultivation regions. These results could provide valuable information on developing hop products.

DETERMINATION OF PHENOLIC, FLAVONOID CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF SERI (Muntingia calabura L.) LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA

Seri (Muntungia calabura L) leaves have various secondary metabolite components and it is necessary to carry out phytochemical screening and determination of their levels as well as in vitro testing of their bioactivity as antioxidants and antibacterials. Extraction was carried out by maceration method with ethanol as solvent. Determination of phenol with Folin-Ciaocalteu reagent was measured at a wavelength of 765 nm, while the levels of flavonoids with AlCl3 reagent were measured at a wavelength of 431 nm using the colorimetric method, antioxidant activity testing with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was measured at a wavelength 517 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and antibacterial activity testing was carried out on the bacteria Ercherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylacoccus epidermidis using the disc paper diffusion method with various concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%,75%, DMSO10% for control negative and Chlororamphenicol as a positive control by observing the clear zone in mm. Phenolic content equivalent to 2.258±0.008 mg gallic acid (mg GAE/g dw), flavonoid content 2.476±0.019 mg equivalent to quercetin (mg QE/g dw), antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of M. calabura L. leaves, leaves was 19.004, antibacterial activity against Ercherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylacoccus epidermidis with a strong category. The ethanol extract of the of Seri (Muntingia calabura, L) leaves contains flavonoids, phenolics and shows activity as an antioxidant with a very strong category and a strong antibacterial category

Evaluation of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Scavenging Activities of Ulva lactuca

The objective of current study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Ulva lactuca L. The DPPH, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide radicals assays were used to determine the ethanol extract of U. lactuca's in vitro antioxidant activity. At different concentrations, the radical scavenging activity was measured. The high concentration of phytochemical components in U. lactuca extract may be the cause of its antioxidant properties. The Ulva lactuca is a significant source of natural antioxidants that may provide defence against illnesses caused by free radicals. Additionally, research is needed to isolate and characterise the algal active chemicals for use in in vivo tests and to understand their mechanisms of action

Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Indonesia is a country with abundant natural wealth and almost all types of plants can grow in the territory of this country. One of them is oil palm leaf (Elaeis guineenis Jacq.) containing terpenoid compounds, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and saponins and also this plant among the community has benefits that can be used for the treatment of skin infections. Purpose of this study was to determine the yield obtained as well as the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of oil palm leaves. Oil palm leaves were extracted using 96% ethanol as solvents and using the maceration method. Testing the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of oil palm leaves was carried out using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), where the absorbance was measured at max 515 nm using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the yield of oil palm leaf ethanol extract obtained as much as 5.44 % and obtained that the ethanolic extract of oil palm leaves had antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals with an IC50 value of 133.58 ppm. It could be concluded that the ethanolic extract of oil palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) had antioxidant activity in the moderate category because the IC50 value was between 100- 150 ppm.

IN-VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF JATROPHA CARCUS

To evaluate the in vitro free radical (FR) scavenging activity of leaves Jatropha carcus petroleum ether, ethanol, aqueous extracts of J. carcus were prepared, with successive extraction in Soxhlet apparatus. Each extract was selected to study the FR scavenging activity by superoxide scavenging assay and 2, 2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay method. It was found that aqueous extract contained carbohydrates, glycosides amino acids flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and steroids; ethanolic extract contained glycosides amino acids flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and steroids. Radical scavenging activity of plant extracts against stable DPPH was determined spectrophotometrically. Extract solutions were prepared by dissolving 0.025 g of dry extract in 10 ml of methanol. The solution of DPPH in methanol was prepared daily. The samples were kept in the dark for 15 min at room temperature and then the decrease in absorption was measured. Ethanolic extract of Jatropha carcus had showed 71.8±0.69 % inhibition in superoxide scavenging model. Aqueous extract also showed almost similar activity (67.8±0.58 % compared to ethanolic extract), while petroleum ether extract showed poor inhibition of superoxide scavenging activity. The antioxidant capacity of various solvent fractions of Jatropha carcus was found to decrease in this order:ethanolic ˃ aqueous ˃ petroleum ether. All results showed antioxidant activity in dose dependent manner at concentration 10 to 30 μg/ml. Strong antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract statistically similar to ascorbic acid indicates strong antioxidants in this extract. All extracts showed dose and time dependent inhibition of superoxide scavenging activity.

Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-oxidant activities of Ethanolic extract of Lantana camara Leaves

The present study has been undertaken to evaluate In-vivo Anti–hyperglycemic and anti–oxidant activities of ethanolic Lantana camara leaves extract (LCE). The extract was prepared by cold percolation process. Phytochemical screening indicates that the presence of flavanoids, phenols, carbohydrates etc. The Anti-hyperglycemic activity of the extract was studied by In-vivo using Streptozotocin induced diabetes rat models. Glibenclamide was used as a standard drug to compare the blood glucose level. The groups treated with Lantana camara leaves extract at dose 200 and 400 mg/kg prevented the diabetes condition in a dose related manner. LCE and Glibenclamide treated rats showed decreased LPO that is associated with increased activity of SOD and catalase. The increase in the level of lipid peroxides in plasma generally is thought to be the consequence of increased production of and liberation in to the circulation of tissue lipid peroxides due to pathological changes. This action shows the Anti-peroxidative effect of LCE. The results obtained thus suggest that 50% ethanolic Lantana camara leaves extract possesses potent Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-oxidant activity.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Protease-inhibitory Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg)

Introduction: Myristica fragrans is an important commercial plant used for spices. The plant has been traditionally used as an anticancer, anti inflammatory, antioxidant, sedative hypnotics and antimicrobial agent. Plants have played an important role in maintaining human health &amp; improving the quality of human life for thousands of years and have served humans well as valuable components of medicines.&#x0D; Methods: Ethanolic extract of myristica fragrans was obtained by hot percolation method. Preliminary Phytochemical screening of the extract was done .Antioxidant and anti inflammatory potential of ethanolic extract of myristica fragrans was analysed. The data were analysed statistically using two – way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple range test to assess the significance of individual variations between the groups. In Tukey’s test, significance was considered at the level of p&lt;0.05.&#x0D; Results: Ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg) was rich in the phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins. IC50 of antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans was found to be 300 µg/ml. IC50 of anti-inflammatory potential of the ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans was found to be 360 µg/ml.&#x0D; Conclusion: From the study, it was evident that the ethanolic extract of myristica fragrans has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. In future, the extract can be validated as a drug formulation.

The antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) fruits obtained by different extraction techniques

The antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) fruits obtained by different extraction techniques

Antioxidant Activity of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus l.) Ethanolic Extract with DPPH Method and Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Levels

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is believed to have antioxidant properties. Currently, there are many studies examining compounds that have benefits as antioxidants and are safe for health. However, the sunflower only examined the antioxidants in sunflower seeds. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of flowers, bark, and leaves of sunflowers. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed the highest antioxidant activity was found in the leaf extract (Helianthus annuus L.) with an IC50 value of 48.841 ppm. The highest phenolic content was found in leaf samples with a value of 35.149 mg gallic acid equivalent/gram extract and the highest determination of flavonoid levels was found in leaf samples with a value of 10.917 mg quercetin equivalent/gram extract.

PERBANDINGAN KANDUNGAN FENOLIK TOTAL, FLAVONOIDTOTAL DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOLDAUN JAMBU BOL (Syzigium malaccense L.) DAN DAUN JAMBU AIR KANCING (Syzigium aqueum)

Leaves of malay apple (Syzygium malaccense L.) and water apple (Syzygium aqueum) are plants that contain phenolic and flavonoid compounds which have antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of malay apple leaves and water apple leaves. The extraction method uses maceration with 96% ethanol solvent in a ratio of 1:15. The ethanol extract of malay apple leaves and water apple was tested for total phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoids using the colorimetric method and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Qualitative identification of quercetin compounds was performed by densitometry tlc. In the phenolic and flavonoid content test, the total sample extract was made with a concentration of 5000 ppm. In the antioxidant activity test of the extract samples, a series of concentrations of 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 ppm were made. The results showed that the total phenolic content in the ethanol extract of malay apple leaves has an average of 12.5149 mgGAE/g and water apple leaves of 14.3207 mgGAE/g. The total flavonoid content in the ethanol extract of malay apple leaves has an average of 9.1613 mgQE/g and water apple leaves of 16.5893 mgQE/g. The ethanol extract of malay apple leaves has antioxidant activity with an average IC50 of 138.3315 ppm and water apple leaves of 117.6745 ppm. In qualitative identification densitometry the Rf value of quercetin is 0,68; ethanol extract of malay apple leaves is 0,68 and water apple leaves is 0,85. The results of the independent statistical T test showed that there were differences in the total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity in the ethanol extract of malay apple leaves and water apple leaves.&#x0D;

Anti-diabetogenic and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Dryopteris dilatata in alloxan-induced male Wistar rats

Aims Oxido-inflammatory stress has been implicated as the main targets in alleviating diabetic complications induced by hyperglycaemia. Dryopteris dilatata: a bioactive plant serves great medicinal benefits in ethnopharmacology to ameliorate pathological conditions. This study investigated the protective effects of ethanol extract of Dryopteris dilatata (EEDD) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats through mechanism involving inhibition of oxidative stress and liver and kidney inflammatory markers. Methodology Male Wistar rats were made diabetic via alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg) administration intraperitoneally. Diabetic rats were post-treated with EEDD (800 mg/kg) and Metformin (50 mg/kg) orally for two weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), body and organ weight change, markers of oxidative stress, liver and kidney inflammation were evaluated. Results Our results revealed that EEDD significantly reduced alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia in the diabetic rats after 5, 10 and 15 days of treatment. Markers of oxidative injury were also significantly ameliorated in the pancreas, liver and kidney of the diabetic rats following treatment with EEDD. However, liver and kidney injury markers were significantly attenuated with marked decreased organ weight in the diabetic rats after treatment with EEDD. Conclusion Here in, we found that Dryopteris dilatata could be used as nutraceuticals in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its related complications through positively modulating oxidative stress and liver and kidney inflammatory markers

In-vitro Testing of Antioxidant, Anti-Parasite Activities, Cytotoxicity, and Chemical Evaluation of Abutilon Pannosum and Cassia Occidentalis Ethanolic Extracts

Aims: The aim of this study to detect Anti-giardia, antioxidant activities, cytotoxicity and evaluated the chemical constituent of ethanolic extracts of Abutilon pannosum and Cassia occidentalis. &#x0D; Study Design: Various standard methods were used to detect of bioactivity for ethanolic extracts of plants used in this study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the laboratories of microbiology and parasitology and chemistry, the International University of Africa, Khartoum, Sudan, during May 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: The ethanolic extract of Abutilon pannosum and Cassia occidentalis was used as an anti-giardia and anti-oxidant in-vitro, and toxicity tests were performed using brine shrimp and MTT assay. Also, the compounds of the plants used were detected by the GCMS apparatus.&#x0D; Results: The ethanolic extracts of Abutilon pannosum showed high Anti-giardia activity (79%) in concentration (500 ppm) after 72 hours, whereas the activity of Cassia occidentalis extract showed (61%). The highest antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Cassia occidentalis was (68.7%), while it was weak in Abutilon pannosum ethanolic extract (45%) by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The results of cytotoxicity revealed that the ethanolic extracts are highly toxic to brine shrimp, but are not toxic to normal cell line (MTT). Chromatographic analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) showed good separation of compounds. GCMS detected 22 and14 important compounds in Abutilon pannosum and Cassia occidentalis extracts respectively. The common compound in both plant extracts is n-Hexadecanoic acid. This acid was reported as an antioxidant.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study revealed that the biological activities of Abutilon pannosum extracts showed high activities of Anti-giardia and antioxidants. Non-cytotoxic in the normal cell line was shown. Cassia occidentalis showed high activity of Anti-giardia and weak activity antioxidant.

Skirining fitokimia ekstrak etanol kulit buah sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH

Phytochemical screening research on the ethanol extract of soursop (Annona muricata Linn) peel and antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. The purpose of this study was to determine several classes of compounds found in soursop rind and to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of soursop rind against DPPH free radicals. The results showed ethanol extract of positive soursop fruit skin containing flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. of soursop fruit skin extract was carried out by DPPH method results obtained IC50 value of 192.13 µg / mL ± 5.198137 which was categorized as weak.

Anticancer and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (KB cell lines)- An In-vitro study

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) as been used as traditional medicine for many years and they possess antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties. Clove is known for its anticancer property on various cancer cell lines and is well established, but its anticancer effect on OSCC cell lines is less known. Aim of the study was to determine the anticancer and antioxidant effect of Syzygium aromaticum extract on OSCC cell lines (KB cell lines) and compare the same with normal mouse fibroblasts cell lines (L292 cell lines). KB cell lines and L292 cell lines were commercially obtained. Clove was obtained from local market and ethanolic extract (EC) of clove was prepared. Anticancer activity was assessed by MTT, neutral red, DAPI and Double staining assay and antioxidant assay was carried out by FRAP, PM and DPPH assay. The antioxidant property of EC of clove increased with increase in the concentration in a dose dependent manner. Both MTT and Neutral Red assay showed increase in cell death with increase in concentration of EC of clove. Double staining and DAPI showed increase in cell death when treated with EC of clove. The anticancer and antioxidant activity of EC of clove was comparable with standard drug used in the assay. This in vitro study demonstrates effective anticancer and antioxidant activity on KB cell lines when compared to standard control. However, further studies are to be conducted in order to characterize other potential antitumor components of the clove, so that it can be used as therapeutic agent in treating oral carcinoma.

Researches on the Epilobium angustifolium L. ethanol extract, Turkey

In this paper, Epilobium angustifolium L. in Turkey was investigated for total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanin amounts. Furthermore, the ethanol extract of the leafs was evaluated for antioxidant activities as ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, power of reduction, and bleaching of beta-carotene. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the ethanolic extract were found to be 468,11± 1,53 micrograms of pyrocatechol per milligram of the extract and 103,05 ± 2,36 µg catechin per milligram of the extract, respectively. As the extract concentration increased, the amount of anthocyanins showed a decrease (17.92±8.08 and 13.56±8.22 for the 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL concentrations, respectively). In the β-carotene bleaching test, higher activity was observed than BHA ( 1.540±0.053 and 1, respectively). The results of the reduction power, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and ABTS tests gave either very close values or higher than the standards chosen. Superoxide radical scavenging activity gave a lower value than the Trolox selected as standard. Antioxidant activity of ethanol extract was found to be 94.22±0.05958 (ABTS), 78.77±0.84099 (hydroxyl radical scavenging) and 47.86±0.03915 (superoxide radical scavenging). The experimental data indicate that Turkey Epilobium angustifolium L. ethanol extract can be used pharmacologically.