Antenatal Education Research Articles

Analysis of Mother's Pregnancy Knowledge at Az-Zahra Primary Clinic Tangerang

The prevalence of cesarean sections as much as 80% have exceeded the figure recommended by WHO, about 10-15%, supported by several factors. One of them is self-autonomy which is not owned by the mother causing a lack of knowledge about pregnancy. Knowledge has an effect of 1.8 times on readiness for pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. Antenatal education is a service requested by most pregnant women worldwide such as childbirth education programs or birth preparation classes. This research uses a qualitative research design. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews using a sample of 9 main informants (pregnant women). The primary and secondary qualitative data were collected through data processing and analysis techniques, imported into NVivo and classified according to the type of data to facilitate the processing and analysis of data in NVivo 12 Plus. Knowledge of the pregnancy process of pregnant women with low results; Knowledge of pregnancy signs of pregnant women with low results; Knowledge of the benefits of pregnancy examination with high results; Knowledge of the examination schedule of pregnant women is high; Knowledge of physical changes of pregnant women with low results; Knowledge of gestational age with high results; Knowledge of pregnancy danger signs with low results. Knowledge of pregnant women about pregnancy with results is still lacking, namely the knowledge of the pregnancy process, signs of pregnancy, physical changes, and signs of danger of pregna Therefore, it is necessary to provide educational services at Pratama Az-Zahra Tangerang Clinic.
 Keywords: section caesarea, knowledge, pregnant women, pregnancy

Smartphone-Based Video Antenatal Preterm Birth Education

Preterm birth is a leading cause of infant mortality and child morbidity. Preterm birth is not always unexpected, yet standard prenatal care does not offer anticipatory education to parents at risk of delivering preterm, which leaves parents unprepared to make health care choices during the pregnancy that can improve survival and decrease morbidity in case of preterm birth. To evaluate the effect of the Preemie Prep for Parents (P3) program on maternal knowledge of preterm birth, preparation for decision-making, and anxiety. Recruitment for this randomized clinical trial conducted at a US academic medical center took place from February 3, 2020, to April 12, 2021. A total of 120 pregnant persons with a risk factor for preterm birth were enrolled between 16 and 21 weeks' gestational age and followed up through pregnancy completion. Starting at 18 weeks' gestational age, P3 program participants received links delivered via text message to 51 gestational age-specific short animated videos. Control participants received links to patient education webpages from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. At 25 weeks' gestation, scores on the Parent Prematurity Knowledge Questionnaire (scored as percent correct), Preparation for Decision Making Scale (scored 0-100), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety computerized adaptive test. Analysis was based on an intention to treat. A total of 120 pregnant participants (mean [SD] age, 32.5 [4.9] years) were included in the study; 60 participants were randomized to each group. Participants in the P3 group scored higher than those in the control group on knowledge of long-term outcomes at 25 weeks (88.5% vs 73.2%; estimated difference, 15.3 percentage points; 95% CI, 8.3-22.5 percentage points; P < .001). Participants in the P3 group reported being significantly more prepared than did participants in the control group for neonatal resuscitation decision-making at 25 weeks (Preparation for Decision Making Scale score, 76.0 vs 52.3; difference, 23.7; 95% CI, 14.1-33.2). There was no difference between the P3 group and the control group in anxiety at 25 weeks (mean [SE] PROMIS Anxiety scores, 53.8 [1.1] vs 54.0 [1.1]; difference, -0.1; 95% CI, -3.2 to 2.9). In this randomized clinical trial, pregnant persons randomly assigned to the P3 program had more knowledge of core competencies and were more prepared to make decisions that affect maternal and infant health, without experiencing worse anxiety. Mobile antenatal preterm birth education may provide a unique benefit to parents with preterm birth risk factors. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04093492.

ANTENATAL CARE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE VILLAGE OF BANDAR SETIA, DELI SERDANG REGENCY

Antenatal care is care for the mother and fetus during pregnancy. How important are antenatal care visits Very important. Through antenatal care various information and education related to pregnancy and childbirth preparation can be given to mothers as early as possible. The number of MMR in Deli Serdang Regency has continued to decrease since 2015. In 2020 the number of maternal deaths in Deli Serdang Regency is 12 people per 44,298 live births. There are several factors that cause maternal death in Deli Serdang Regency, including: 6 (six) due to bleeding cases, due to infection in 1 (one) case and other consequences there were 5 (five) cases such as genetic disease, amniotic fluid embolism, placenta previa and supect COVID-19. This was a qualitative research with a narrative approach. The research was conducted in Bandar Setia Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The respondents in this study were pregnant women who live in Bandar Setia Village who were taken by purposive sampling, namely the selection of respondents was carried out deliberately according to their needs. So that the total respondents in this study were 17 people. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). The number of pregnant women were 17 people with a gestational age of 20-40 weeks. The results of the study revealed that all pregnant women gave a complete and clear explanation of their opinion about prenatal visits or antenatal care and explained in detail about their respective experiences during pregnancy, the perceived obstacles as the reason for not carrying out prenatal visits or antenatal care. Therefore, pregnant women say in detail what are the obstacles or problems as the main cause so that pregnancy visits cannot be carried out in accordance with government recommendations, namely at least 6 visits during pregnancy.

The effect of prenatal education on fear of childbirth, pain intensity during labour and childbirth experience: a scoping review using systematic approach and meta-analysis

BackgroundAntenatal education provides parents with strategies for pregnancy, childbirth, and parenthood. There is not enough evidence of the positive effect of prenatal education on childbirth and maternal outcomes. The present scoping review using a systematic approach, evaluates the effectiveness of prenatal education on fear of childbirth, pain intensity during labour, childbirth experience, and postpartum psychological health.MethodsWe used Google Scholar and systematically reviewed databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, and SID (Scientific Information Database). Randomized controlled and quasi-experimental trials examining the effect of structured antenatal education and routine prenatal care compared to routine prenatal care were reviewed. The participants included pregnant women preferring a normal vaginal delivery and had no history of maternal or foetal problems. The outcomes considered in this study included fear of childbirth, pain intensity during labour, childbirth experience (as primary outcomes) and postpartum psychological health (as secondary outcomes). The grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of evidence.ResultsOverall, 3242 studies were examined, of which 18 were qualified for the final analysis. The meta-analysis showed that providing prenatal education and routine care compared to only routine care may decrease the fear of childbirth, postpartum depression, and pain intensity during labour. However, we found no study examining the outcome of the childbirth experience. In addition, the inconsistency of included studies prevented conducting a meta-analysis on the rest of the outcomes.ConclusionsOur investigations showed that there are very few or no studies on the effect of prenatal education on outcomes such as childbirth experience, postpartum anxiety, and maternal attachment, and the existing studies on the effect of prenatal education on outcomes such as the fear of childbirth, postpartum depression, and pain intensity during labour lack sufficient quality to make definitive conclusions. Therefore, high-quality, randomized trials with a more extensive sample size are suggested to provide clear reports to make definitive decisions.Prospero IDCRD42022376895.

Postpartum Mood Disorders: Insights into Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment.

Postpartum mood disorders pose significant challenges to women's mental health and well-being during the postpartum period. This review article provides insights into these disorders' diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. The article begins by discussing the background information on postpartum mood disorders, their significance, and the purpose of understanding them. It then delves into the classification and types of postpartum mood disorders, emphasizing the need for accurate diagnosis and differentiation. Prevalence and incidence rates are explored to highlight the scope and impact of these disorders. The review examines various risk factors associated with postpartum mood disorders, including biological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors. Understanding these risk factors helps identify high-risk populations and guide targeted interventions. Screening and diagnosis of postpartum mood disorders are crucial for early detection and intervention. The article provides an overview of screening tools, highlights the challenges in diagnosis, and emphasizes the importance of early identification for better outcomes. Prevention strategies are explored, including antenatal education, psychosocial support programs, and the role of healthcare professionals in promoting preventive measures. Effective prevention interventions and their outcomes are discussed to guide healthcare providers and policymakers in implementing evidence-based strategies. Treatment approaches for postpartum mood disorders include pharmacological interventions, psychotherapy options, alternative and complementary therapies, and multidisciplinary approaches. The article discusses the effectiveness and considerations of each approach, highlighting the importance of individualized care. Challenges and barriers in diagnosing, preventing, and treating postpartum mood disorders are addressed, including stigma, limited access to healthcare services, and gaps in healthcare provider knowledge and training. Recommendations are provided for healthcare professionals and policymakers to overcome these challenges and improve outcomes. The review concludes by highlighting the need for future research, innovations in prevention and treatment approaches, and collaborative efforts in the field of postpartum mood disorders. Promising areas for research are identified, including long-term outcomes, understanding risk factors, and cultural considerations. The article emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder engagement in advancing the field.

'She was hungry'-Croatian mothers' reasons for supplementing their healthy, term babies with formula during the birth hospitalisation.

To explore why Croatian mothers request formula for their healthy, term newborn infants during the postnatal hospital stay. Four focus groups discussions were conducted with a total of 25 women who gave birth to healthy newborn infants, between May and June 2021 in Split, Croatia. A homogenous, non-random purposive sampling technique was used. The semi-structured interview schedule contained 15 open-ended questions. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied. Three themes were generated. The first theme fear of hunger referred to the mothers' fears arising from difficulties in interpreting newborn infant behaviour and finding solace in giving formula. The second theme too little support-too late reflected participants' unrealised expectations of hospital staff. The third theme non-supportive communication addressed mother's need for empathy during the postpartum hospital stay. Croatian mothers want to breastfeed, but often feel unsupported in doing so in the maternity hospital setting. Antenatal education of expectant mothers and training of maternity staff in breastfeeding counselling, with a strong emphasis on communication skills, as well as employment of International Board Certified Lactation Consultants and/or volunteer breastfeeding counsellors, were perceived by participants as a way to decrease mothers' requests for formula for their healthy, newborn infants.

Assessing antenatal health education given by nurse-midwives in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Background/Aims In Nigeria, nurse-midwives provide health information and support for pregnant women, as well as treating minor pregnancy-related concerns. Little is currently documented about the contents, methods and supporting structures available for antenatal health education in Osun state. This study explored the health education provided by nurse-midwives during antenatal care, including its contents, methods and resources, as well as barriers and facilitators to its provision. Methods This descriptive study used a checklist and questionnaires to gather data from 189 pregnant women and 14 nurse-midwives from six selected health facilities in Ile-Ife, Osun. Univariate and bivariate analyses were used to assess sociodemographic data, the contents of antenatal care education, education methods and barriers to health education. Results Personal and environmental hygiene, physical activity and exclusive breastfeeding were the main topics taught, with coverage declining by trimester. Lectures followed by a question and answer session were mainly used to educate women, but flip charts, models, audio, video and multimedia were also sparingly used to facilitate learning at antenatal clinics. Conclusions Current health education at antenatal clinics in Ile-Ife reflects the poor periodic training given to nurse-midwives, and a lack of structure to inform the methods and contents of antenatal education. Additionally, there were few resources available to facilitate learning activities. It is recommended that national guidelines on health education are formulated and made available to facilitate unified and accurate education for pregnant women.

Development and validation of an e-health module – PregEx to support antenatal exercise and education

Background. Pregnancy, childbirth, and motherhood are major life phases in a woman’s life. During these phases, not only do women experience physiological changes but they are also adjusting to their new roles and responsibilities as mothers. The World Health Organization has declared that the benefits of e-health should be considered among the fundamental components of any strategy and most important programs for the collection of pregnancy healthcare information. Hence this study aimed to develop an e-health module to support antenatal exercise and education for pregnant women. Aim. To develop and validate an e-health module to support antenatal exercise and education. Methodology. The development of an e-health module was prepared using the structured antenatal exercise protocol. Face and content validation was done by expert opinion and feedback on the application was obtained. Feedback from the usability evaluation was used to revise the app. The application was named as PregEx. The developed application (PregEx) was validated among fifty antenatal mothers. They were instructed to follow up on antenatal exercises and education and were on follow-up for 2 weeks. Then the feedback on the mobile application was collected from the mothers using a mobile application rating scale (MARS). Results. The overall quality mean scores of the MARS scale was 4.08 ± 0.39. The ratings of MARS app specific responses had shown about 80% were on awareness creating, 90% were knowledge oriented, 71% of the mothers found this app as a help-seeking and satisfaction and about 67% felt it improves the mothers on behavior change. Conclusion. The mobile app (Preg Ex) was user-friendly and feasible for antenatal mothers to understand easily and practice antenatal exercise and education.

Perceptions and attitudes of pregnant women towards caesarean section in Ado Local Government Area, Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria.

Caesarean Section (CS) is a life-saving obstetric surgery, often necessitated to resolve complications of pregnancy. This study investigated the perceptions and attitudes of women of childbearing age in Ado Local Government, Ekiti State, Nigeria, concerning Caesarean section as a delivery option. A quantitative, descriptive research design of survey type was adopted for the study. One hundred and twenty-two pregnant women attending antenatal clinic were randomly selected as study participants. Data for the study were collected using researcher-administered questionnaires. The reliability and validity of the instruments were ascertained. The participants were aware of their rights and responsibilities as study participants. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The hypotheses formulated were tested at 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that the study participants have positive perception and attitude towards cesarean. The study indicated no significant relationship between Caesarean section delivery and reproductive failure since the calculated significance value (0.072) was greater ( >) than the significance value (0.05). The study also revealed no significant relationship between Caesarean section delivery and death warrant as the calculated significance value (0.067) was greater ( >) than the significance value (0.05). Awareness programs on the importance and advantages of Caesarean section should be included in antenatal clinics education and mass media propaganda.

A modular systematic review of antenatal interventions to address undernutrition during pregnancy in the prevention of low birth weight

BackgroundPoor nutrition during pregnancy can lead to adverse birth outcomes including low birth weight (LBW). ObjectiveThis modular systematic review aimed to provide evidence for the effects of seven antenatal nutritional interventions on the risks of LBW, preterm birth (PTB), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and stillbirth (SB). MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAHL Complete between April and June 2020, with a further update in September 2022 (Embase only). We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and reviews of RCTs to estimate the effect sizes of the selected interventions on the four birth outcomes. ResultsEvidence suggests that balanced protein and energy (BPE) supplementation for pregnant women with undernutrition can reduce the risk of LBW, SGA and SB. Evidence from low and lower middle-income countries (MIC) suggests that multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation can reduce the risk of LBW and SGA in comparison with iron or iron and folic acid supplementation and lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) with any quantity of energy can reduce the risk of LBW in comparison with MMN supplementation. Evidence from high and upper MIC suggests that supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) can reduce the risk and supplementation with high-dose calcium might possibly reduce the risk of LBW and PTB. Antenatal dietary education programs might possibly reduce the risk of LBW in comparison with standard-of-care. No RCTs were identified for monitoring weight gain followed by interventions to support weight gain in women who are underweight. ConclusionsProvision of BPE, MMN and LNS to pregnant women in populations with undernutrition can reduce the risk of LBW and related outcomes. The benefits of O3FA and calcium supplementation to this population require further investigation. Targeting interventions to pregnant women who are not gaining weight has not been tested with RCTs.

Подготовка к родам и сопровождение: связь с удовлетворенностью родами

&lt;p&gt;The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of antenatal education and individual labour support in the context of the actual experience of childbirth and its psychological perception. Types of antenatal education and individual labour support were analysed in relation to the childbirth experience (mode of delivery, number of medical interventions, obstetric violence, satisfaction with childbirth, physical well-being of women after childbirth). In February-March 2021, we conducted an online survey of 1645 mothers of infants aged 0-13 months. As a result, it was found that preparation for childbirth has no direct relationship with the mode of delivery, the woman's well-being after childbirth and the birth satisfaction. However, preparation for childbirth is associated with fewer medical interventions. Women who gave birth without individual support were less satisfied with their births, more likely to experience obstetric violence, more likely to give birth via caesarean section, with more medical interventions. Thus, support during labour is a safe way to improve the experience of childbirth and the quality of life for mothers in general.&lt;/p&gt;

Association of Maternal Antenatal Education with Quality of Life after Childbirth in the Slovenian Population before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Pregnancy and childbirth have a crucial impact on a woman's quality of life. In Slovenia, antenatal classes are the main educational tool used to prepare expectant mothers for their new role. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between the duration of antenatal classes and the mothers' quality of life after childbirth. A self-administered, previously validated and tested questionnaire regarding the quality of life after childbirth was completed by Slovenian women. Based on an online survey, data were collected for two groups of mothers. The first group (n = 1091) gave birth before the COVID-19 pandemic, and the second group (n = 1163) gave birth during the pandemic. Group differences were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Linear regression and correlation coefficients were calculated for the association between quality of life and the duration of antenatal classes. Our study showed a significant decrease in the duration of antenatal classes and a decrease in quality of life after birth during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also showed that more antenatal education was associated with a higher quality of life. Despite the influence of multiple factors during the COVID-19 pandemic, we defined the correlation between the duration of antenatal classes and postpartum quality of life in a sample of Slovenian mothers. The duration of the antenatal classes is an important factor influencing the quality of life after childbirth.

The Effect of Structured Antenatal Education on Childbirth Self-Efficacy.

Antenatal (prenatal) education is a vital role of midwives when giving antenatal care to pregnant women. Particularly in the late stages of pregnancy, antenatal education regarding the natural-labor process, the introduction of labor rooms, coping strategies, and labor-pain management may enhance maternal self-efficacy and perceptions of childbirth. However, educational programs that include birth plans, pain-relief measures, and birth preparation are not a structured part of the Saudi healthcare system. This is the first study to investigate the effect of antenatal education on maternal self-efficacy in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an antenatal education program on maternal self-efficacy in primiparous pregnant women and to determine the relationship between maternal self-efficacy and their sociodemographic characteristics in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A randomized control trial (pretest/posttest) design was conducted with 94 primiparous pregnant women. Two groups were compared: an intervention group, which received a structured antenatal educational program (n = 46), and a control group, which received routine antenatal care (n = 48). The childbirth self-efficacy inventory (CBSEI) was used to assess maternal self-efficacy. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24 (Released 2016; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). The mean score on the CBSEI pretest was 238.5 ± 237.4 compared to 242.9 ± 276.2 in the posttest mean score, with significant differences (p < .05)in maternal self-efficacy between the pretest and posttest scores for both groups. The findings of this study suggest that an antenatal educational program could serve as an essential tool, providing access to high-quality information and skills during the antenatal period and significantly enhancing maternal self-efficacy. It is crucial to invest resources to empower and equip pregnant women in ways that promote positive perceptions andboost their confidence regarding childbirth.

Determinants of Antenatal Education and Breastfeeding Uptake in Refugee-Background and Australian-Born Women

Despite the well-established benefits of antenatal education (ANE) and breastfeeding for mothers, there is a paucity of evidence about the uptake of ANE and breastfeeding amongst women from refugee backgrounds or its associations with sociodemographic factors. The current study is a cross-sectional survey at two time points examining the prevalence of ANE attendance, breastfeeding, and intimate partner violence (IPV) amongst 583 women refugees resettled in Australia and a control group of 528 Australian-born women. Multi-logistic regression was used to explore bivariate associations between ANE attendance, breastfeeding, IPV, and sociodemographic characteristics (parity, maternal employment, and education). Refugee-background women compared to Australian-born women have lower ANE utilization (20.4% vs. 24.1%), higher rates of breastfeeding on hospital discharge (89.3% vs. 81.7%), and more IPV reports (43.4% vs. 25.9%). Factors such as nulliparity, higher level of education, and employment predict higher rates of ANE and breastfeeding adoption. In contrast, IPV is a risk factor for ANE underutilization. Further, of the women from refugee backgrounds who accessed ANE services, 70% attended clinics designed for women from non-English-speaking backgrounds. These findings support the need to ensure effective screening and interventions for IPV during antenatal care and to better understand the role of culture as a protective or risk factor for breastfeeding initiation.

Exploring the reasons why mothers do not breastfeed, to inform and enable better support.

Infant and maternal breastfeeding benefits are well documented, globally. Despite efforts to increase global breastfeeding rates, the majority of high-income settings fall short of recommended targets. Breastfeeding rates in the UK are especially poor, and physiological difficulties (e.g., inverted nipples), fail to account for the observed breastfeeding intention-behaviour gap. The current online study sought to investigate the infant feeding experiences of 624 UK formula feeding mothers, through open text survey responses. A content analysis identified the following clusters of reasons for formula feeding: Feeding Attitudes, Feeding Problems, Mental Health, and Sharing the Load. Feeding Attitudes explained a large percentage of reasons given for formula feeding. Recommendations are made to improve antenatal breastfeeding education and to develop an intervention with an aim to improve maternal breastfeeding attitudes and subsequent practice. Feeding Problems also explained a large portion of combination feeding and started but stopped infant feeding accounts. The current paper calls for more comprehensive and tailored antenatal breastfeeding education to refine practical breastfeeding skills necessary for successful breastfeeding establishment and maintenance. Mental Health explained relatively small coverage. Suggestions are therefore made to train mental health practitioners on infant feeding with an aim to provide more extensive support, which may serve to disrupt the bidirectional relationship between poor mental health and poor breastfeeding outcomes. Finally, Sharing the Load explained moderate coverage across never breastfed, combination fed, and started but stopped feeding groups. Recommendations are made, in light of these findings, to tighten workplace legislation to protect breastfeeding women.

Parent Education Series Part 1: The Birth And Beyond Parent Education Model

Antenatal education can provide wide-reaching physical and psychological benefits including the adoption of healthier habits, enhanced partner support, improved maternal wellbeing – including those with mild anxiety and depression – improved birth satisfaction, increased confidence and satisfaction with infant relationships for both parents.1 Whilst more research is required, it is clear antenatal education has much to offer pregnant women/people, parents and their children. At present NHS-led parent education is on the decline, whilst there has been an explosion in education opportunities within the private sector. These education classes are unregulated and often provided by lay people.

Identification of Preventable Risk Factors for Developmental Delay in Children: A Pilot Study

Purpose: Developmental delay (DD) is reported to be frequent in developing countries, such as India. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate preventable risk factors that can predispose children to DD, through observations of pediatric neurology outpatients. Methods: This was a prospective, observational, and descriptive cross-sectional single-center hospital-based study for a period of 30 days, split into two separate time periods due to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Children who newly presented to the pediatric neurology outpatient department were considered. There were a total of 151 boys and girls, from 6 months to 14 years of age. Detailed demographic information on prenatal, natal and postnatal risk factors relevant to the neurological diagnosis was collected. Antenatal education for mothers about breastfeeding and newborn care, place of delivery, the availability of round-the-clock pediatric care during the delivery, gestational age, maternal fever, encephalitis, seizures, meningitis, blood pressure, gestational diabetes mellitus, infections, history of consanguinity, and genetic disorders were all considered. The data were analyzed with odds ratios and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Forty-three of the 151 enrolled children had DD. Significant associations were found between consanguinity and DD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 6.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96 to 21.51; P&lt;0.002) and between prematurity and DD (AOR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.07 to 5.13; P&lt;0.033). Conclusion: This study shows that consanguineous marriages and prematurity predisposed children to DD when prenatal, natal, and postnatal risk factors were comprehensively considered.

Nullipar Kadınlarda Doğum Öncesi Eğitimin Doğuma Hazıroluşluk, Ağrı, Korku, Doğum Deneyiminden Memnuniyet ve Doğum Süresi Üzerine Etkisi

This study aimed to examine the effects of antenatal education, on readiness, pain, fear, duration and satisfaction levels of nullipar women for delivery. A semi-experimental and prospective design was used. The study was made between December 2014 and March 2016. The data were collected in the 24-32nd (beginning of training), 28-36th (end of 4 weeks training) gestational weeks and 48-72 hours after deliveries. The study sample consisted of 30 participants for the study and 30 participants for the control group, 60 participants in total. The 4-week education program was applied to the study group. Data were collected using an introductory information, the birth process evaluation form, visual analogue scale, Lederman’s prenatal and postpartum self-evaluation scale. In the study group the total delivery durations and the hospitalization durations were lower; their cervical dilatation levels at arrival were more; and their birth fear (latent, active, transition phase), birth pain (latent, active phase), satisfaction with the delivery and being ready for the delivery points were lower. The use of antenatal education program in the antenatal period is recommended to decrease the birth fear and the delivery pain, shorten the delivery duration, increase the satisfaction with the delivery point.

Effect of antenatal milk expression education on lactation outcomes in birthing people with pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥25: protocol for a randomized, controlled trial

BackgroundBirthing people with pre-pregnancy body mass indices (BMIs) ≥ 25 kg/m2, particularly those without prior breastfeeding experience, are at increased risk for suboptimal lactation outcomes. Antenatal milk expression (AME) may be one way to counteract the negative effects of early infant formula supplementation common in this population.MethodsThis ongoing, randomized controlled trial in the United States evaluates the efficacy of a telelactation-delivered AME education intervention versus an attention control condition on lactation outcomes to 1 year postpartum among 280 nulliparous-to-primiparous, non-diabetic birthing people with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The assigned study treatment is delivered via four weekly online video consultations between gestational weeks 37–40. Participants assigned to AME meet with study personnel and a lactation consultant to learn and practice AME. Instructions are provided for home practice of AME between study visits. Control group participants view videos on infant care/development at study visits. Participants complete emailed surveys at enrollment (340/7–366/7 gestational weeks) and 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum. Surveys assess lactation and infant feeding practices; breastfeeding self-efficacy, attitudes, and satisfaction; perception of insufficient milk; onset of lactogenesis-II; lactation support and problems; and reasons for breastfeeding cessation. Surveys also assess factors associated with lactation outcomes, including demographic characteristics, health problems, birth trauma, racial discrimination, and weight stigma. Health information and infant feeding data are abstracted from the pregnancy and birth center electronic health record. Milk samples are collected from the intervention group at each study visit and from both groups at each postpartum follow-up for future analyses. Qualitative interviews are conducted at 6 weeks postpartum to understand AME experiences. Primary outcomes of interest are breastfeeding exclusivity and breastfeeding self-efficacy scores at 2 weeks postpartum. Outcomes will be examined longitudinally with generalized linear mixed-effects modeling.DiscussionThis is the first adequately powered trial evaluating the effectiveness of AME among U.S. birthing people and within a non-diabetic population with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. This study will also provide the first evidence of acceptability and effectiveness of telelactation-delivered AME.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04258709.

IMPACT OF BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING ON THE PREVALENCE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AMONG NURSING MOTHERS IN URBAN AND RURAL IMMUNIZATION CLINICS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT Background: Breastfeeding is essential for a child’s growth and existence. World Health Organization (WHO) recommended six months exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for infant death reduction. However, poor knowledge and negative attitude towards EBF result in a decline in breastfeeding practice which is common in various underdeveloped nations including Nigeria. Objective: To compare the impact of knowledge of breastfeeding practices and attitude towards EBF on the prevalence of EBF among nursing mothers attending immunization clinics in rural and urban regions in Rivers State. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional research with 252 breastfeeding women who attended immunization clinics at the designated health facilities in Obio-Akpor and Emohua LGAs were recruited by systematic sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied for the data collection on socio-demographic factors, knowledge, attitude and breastfeeding practices. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS version 3.2.2. Results: The overall knowledge of various breastfeeding practices and overall attitude toward EBF among the urban and rural participants were statistically significant (P-values= 0.003 &amp; 0.044) respectively. The prevalence of EBF among breastfeeding mothers in urban and rural regions were (66.7 &amp; 54.0%) respectively (P-value= 0.039). Conclusion: The knowledge of breastfeeding practices and overall positive attitude towards EBF and EBF practices are higher in urban than the rural regions of Rivers State. Recommendations: Breastfeeding practices should be considered as an important aspect of antenatal and postnatal health education. Advocacy on the importance of breastfeeding should be stepped up, especially in rural communities. KEYWORDS: Breastfeeding, Exclusive breastfeeding, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Prevalence, Urban, Rural, Rivers State.