Relative Angle Research Articles

Upper body gait deviations in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

BackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy is primarily a disease of progressive muscle degeneration affecting the whole body. It is important to preserve the patients' walking ability as long as possible. Inconclusive information on Duchenne muscular dystrophy gait pattern is available for the lower body and missing for the upper body. This study aimed to objectively investigate upper body gait deviations in a group of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy compared to typically developing peers. MethodsKinematic data of twelve boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy that underwent three-dimensional full-body gait analysis were investigated retrospectively. Data were compared to sixteen healthy children of same age at similar walking speed. Statistical tests included the student independent t-test (with Holm-Bonferroni correction), Hedges'g for effect size, and statistical non-parametric mapping two-sample t-test (with Bonferroni correction). FindingsDuchenne muscular dystrophy compared to the healthy group: In the sagittal plane, the thorax segment was more posteriorly tilted. In addition, the relative angle between pelvis and thorax segment showed more backwards lean with increased shoulder extension. In the frontal plane, the patients walked with increased shoulder abduction and took wider strides. In the transverse plane, thorax rotation was not different between groups. Thorax range of motion was increased in all three planes. InterpretationIncluding the upper body gait kinematics, especially of the trunk, adds valuable objective information on the understanding of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gait pattern. Our findings contribute to improved understanding of full-body gait compensations in this patient group.

Design and optimization of TPMS-based heterogeneous metastructure for controllable displacement field

Lightweight structures with tailored mechanical properties are highly sought after in various engineering fields, including aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering. Mechanical metastructures, with their intricate microstructural designs, offer a promising route to achieve these desired properties. However, designing metastructures for specific applications, particularly those requiring precise control over local deformations (displacement fields) while maintaining overall stiffness, remains a significant challenge. This paper introduces a novel structural stiffness optimization strategy for TPMS-based heterogeneous metastructures. By carefully controlling the relative density, structural parameter, and rotation angle of the microstructure, the ability to achieve significant reductions in displacement in targeted regions while preserving overall structural stiffness is demonstrated. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through both numerical simulations and experimental validation. Results show a maximum displacement reduction of 42.51 % under uniaxial compression and 31.32 % under biaxial compression. Notably, in a case study focused on protecting sensitive components within satellite structural frames, the optimized design achieved a remarkable 70 % reduction in displacement, highlighting the potential of the method for real-world engineering applications.

Methodological approach for fast high-resolution image selection: FAHRIS algorithm

Recent research highlights advancements in collecting Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) data using radiosondes on stratospheric balloons, revealing a need for enhanced in-flight image stabilization. This paper proposes a twofold approach: Firstly, it introduces a design concept for a high-resolution image acquisition and stabilization system for aerial instruments (e.g., drones, balloons). Secondly, it presents a novel Fast Algorithm for High-Resolution Image Selection (FAHRIS) for rapid image selection, grouping and stitching of acquired imagery. FAHRIS’ effectiveness is validated using datasets from three flights over Italy: a stratospheric balloon flight reaching 34 kms over Florence, and drone flights using a DJI Mavic 2 up to 253 m over Trevisoand 330 m over Padua. Limitations and challenges encountered during the validation of FAHRIS, such as computational constraints affecting dataset processing, are addressed. Additionally, the results of the image stitching process highlight potential distortions and stretching issues, particularly evident in images with significant relative angles.•Design proposition of stabilization system for aerial instruments.•Development of a novel and fast image selection, grouping and stitching algorithm (FAHRIS).•Validation of algorithm against data sets from three flights.

Optimization method for nozzle control of governing turbine

The compressed air energy storage (CAES) system necessitates rapid and precise adjustment of turbine operational states to align with fluctuating system loads during the energy release process. As the air storage pressure continuously declines, the adoption of an appropriate air distribution method becomes imperative to enhance turbine performance. This study innovatively investigates the coupled optimal method of nozzle control (NC) and relative stator installation angle (RSIA) to achieve maximum specific work under certain output work conditions, initially proposing the optimal method as a strong candidate for engineering applications. The stator channel has undergone redesign to allow adjustment of the stator installation angle. It is investigated to obtain the response surface model of specific work and output work with base pressure (BP), regulated pressure, inlet nozzle number, and RSIA as independent variables, and the maximum specific work as the optimization objective. The results indicate that, compared with the original NC method at rated output work, the optimized operation markedly elevates the specific work by a maximum of 6.1 % and an average of 3.4 %. Furthermore, the majority of losses within the turbine are attributed to entropy production rate by turbulent dissipation, accounting for up to 88.7 % of the total losses. The optimal method satisfies the output work requirement by adjusting the inlet nozzle number and RSIA without throttling the inlet nozzles under different BP conditions. This is achieved by adopting the 3-nozzle inlet method under high BP and the 4-nozzle inlet method under relatively lower BP conditions. The present study offers theoretical support for the optimal design and operation control of NC turbines, which has broad prospective applications in the optimized air distribution regulation of CAES systems.

Study of the optical rotatory of potassium titanyl phosphate using the advanced dual-wavelength polarimetric method

A dual-wavelength high-accuracy universal polarimeter was applied to the circular birefringence and optical activity measurement in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) nonlinear crystal. The experimental setup used two single-mode He-Ne lasers with close wavelengths of 594 and 633 nm as light sources. Measurement has been carried out for two crystal settings in directions of a 45-degree relative angle to the [100] and [010] crystallographic axes. Multiple light reflections inside the crystal sample were considered when processing the results of the polarimetric measurements. The results have been analysed using the optical transmission function for the polariser-sample-analyser system, and 2D intensity contour maps made it possible to determine the phase parameters, systematic errors, and eigenwaves ellipticity. It was found that the gyration tensor component of the KTP crystal is equal to g12 = 1.4 ⋅ 10−5 which in terms of optical rotatory power corresponds to the very small magnitude of the rotation value of 2.3 deg/mm.

Potential utility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography and biometry in differentiating plateau iris configuration from pupillary block

ABSTRACT Clinical relevance Angle closure glaucoma is one of the most common blinding diseases encountered mainly in older age groups, although it may also occur at a younger age. Identifying the underlying cause of angle closure helps in designing specific treatment strategies essential for effective disease management. Background Primary angle closure disease, caused due to pupillary block (PB) and plateau iris configuration (PIC), necessitates different management strategies. This study assessed the potential utility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) and optical biometry in distinguishing PIC from PB in primary angle closure disease of the young (PACDy). Methods Patients aged 20–40 years with PACDy and age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Ophthalmic examinations included gonioscopy, ultrasound biomicroscopy, ASOCT, and biometry. Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, central corneal thickness, lens position, relative lens position, vitreous cavity length, lens vault, relative lens vault and angle opening distance, trabecular iris space area, and trabecular iris angle were measured. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis evaluated the discriminative ability of these parameters. Results Of the 280 eyes, 128 were normal and 152 had PACDy. Of 128 PACDy, 88 had PIC, and 64 had PB. Both PIC and PB had significantly smaller ASOCT and biometric parameters than normal eyes. However, PIC had intermediate biometric values that fell between normal eyes and PB. All the aforementioned parameters, except central corneal thickness, showed excellent discriminating ability of PIC and PB from normal eyes; however, no single parameter can strongly differentiate PB from PIC. Axial length and relative lens vault had the highest, although weak, power for discriminating PB from PIC. Conclusion ASOCT and biometry effectively distinguish PIC and PB from normal eyes, but no single parameter reliably differentiates PIC from PB. Comprehensive gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy may be necessary for accurate diagnosis in PACDy.

Evaluation of Himawari-8/AHI land surface reflectance at mid-latitudes using LEO sensors with off-nadir observation

Land-surface reflectance (LSR) is a basic physical retrieval in terrestrial monitoring. The potential for high-frequency surface product estimation was evident in third-generation Geostationary Earth Orbit (3rd-GEO) satellites, substantially improving spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. Intercomparisons with LSR products from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have been employed as a common way to evaluate the LSRs of GEO satellites. However, in mid-latitude regions, comparing the LSR between two satellites is challenging due to constraints in the sun–target–sensor geometries. In this study, we proposed a method to obtain observations with consistent viewing and illumination conditions aligned with those of the Himawari-8/Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) at mid-latitudes, by utilizing forward and backward viewing cameras from LEO sensors, such as Terra/Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR). The reflectance intercomparison revealed that the estimated AHI LSR closely matched the LSR from MISR in the red and near-infrared (NIR) bands at latitudes higher than 30°N/S during 2018–2019, with correlation coefficient (r) greater than 0.8 and a relative root mean square error (RRMSE) below 25 %. The data accuracy in the NIR bands was higher than in the red band, as indicated by a lower RRMSE. The correlation was also stronger in non-forested regions compared to forested areas, with higher r values. Additionally, screening observation pairs based on the relative azimuth angle (RAA), which assumes rotational symmetry in LSR, was examined and proved effective for GEO–LEO intercomparisons. This RAA-matching criterion enables reflectance intercomparisons across a wide longitude range at mid-latitudes, including areas like mainland China and New Zealand, where ray-matching is not applicable. The reflectance consistency demonstrated by RAA matches was comparable to that of ray matches, although the RAA-matching is constrained by timing due to the solar location. The findings from this study have potential applications for other satellites.

Simulation of unsteady ice accretion on horizontal axis wind turbine blade sections in turbulent wind shear condition

This study presents a comprehensive simulation approach to quantify power losses in horizontal axis wind turbines under environmental icing conditions. It investigates how wind shear and turbulence affect a 2.5 MW wind turbine's performance, particularly under ice accretion. Turbulence intensity, ranging from 1% to 20%, impacts the relative flow fluctuations and angle of attack on the blade sections, influencing the aerodynamic penalty ratio. The incoming wind speed and the flow angle at various blade sections were determined using the unsteady blade element momentum method, considering vortex induction effects and Prandtl and Glauert corrections. For ice accretion analysis, a fully unsteady simulation of computational grid motion due to ice accretion was performed, along with the solution of the multiphase flow of water dispersed particles in cold air, derived from the psychrometric chart. The findings highlight the significant impact of the incoming turbulent wind fluctuations on the dispersion of the ice shape formed at sections corresponding to their radial position on the blade according to the momentary angle of attack fluctuations. The formation of ice profiles along the blade has led to a subsequent degradation in the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade sections, which is directly proportional to the escalation in turbulence intensity. This phenomenon leads to a continual reduction in the power output of the wind turbine. This research provides valuable insights into the performance of wind turbines under icing conditions in real wind fluctuations.

A new detection set-up to search the X17 boson

An excess of electron-positron pairs at large relative angle emitted in the 3H(p,e+e−)4He, 7Li(p,e+e−)8Be, and 11B(p,e+e−)12C nuclear processes has been recently observed. These anomalies are compatible with the creation of a boson with mass of about 17 MeV, not foreseen in the standard model. To probe the possible existence of the so called X17 boson, we propose to study for the first time the 3He(n,e+e−)4He reaction at the n_TOF facility at CERN. The experimental program and performance of the detector prototype are discussed.

A Spinning Magnetometer Based Approach to Solving the Roll Attitude of Aerial Vehicle

Abstract The accurate attitude estimation is the foundation of autonomous flight control for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). However, the existing inertia/magnetic field-based roll attitude estimation presents challenges, including the significant computational burden and high cumulative error. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel roll attitude estimation approach for UAV based on spinning single-axis magnetometer. Firstly, a distinctive rotating measuring mechanism is structured by incorporating the encoder and geomagnetic sensor. Then, the rotating angle of the sensor in relation to the UAV is ascertained with the specific output signal of the geomagnetic sensor with the rotating mechanism. Based on the above, a roll attitude estimation model to be established with the relative angle relationship. Finally, comparative simulations are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the presented method. The suggested design method provides a rapid and cost-effective way for roll attitude estimation.

Kinematic analysis of the back squat at different load intensities in powerlifters and weightlifters.

This study aimed to evaluate the angular kinematics of the hip, knee, ankle, and the linear kinematics of the barbell during the back squat (BS) at different load intensities in powerlifters and weightlifters. Seventeen athletes were recruited (n = 14 powerlifters; n = 3 weightlifters). The 1-RM of the BS of each participant was calculated and, 1-week after, each participant was asked to perform 5 trials of the BS at different load intensities (i.e., 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%) of the 1-RM. An action camera recorded the execution of each BS trial in the sagittal plane and, afterward, the videos were analyzed by measuring the range of motion (ROM) of hip, knee, and ankle for the angular kinematics, and the timing, distances, speeds, and accelerations of the barbell for the linear kinematics. Regarding the angular kinematics, no significant differences were found in the parameters in the starting and ending positions among the 5 trials, while a significant decrease was found in the hip relative angle (p = 0.026) in the maximum flexion position as load intensity increased. Regarding the linear kinematics, a significant difference was found in the descent acceleration (p = 0.049) in the descent phase, while a significant difference was found in the ascent speed (p < .001) and vertical speed of ascent (p < .001) in the ascent phase, which decreased as load intensity increased. Our findings show that the angular and linear kinematics of BS change as load intensity increases.

Integration of an IoT sensor with angle-of-arrival-based angle measurement in AGV navigation: A reliability study

Automated guided vehicle (AGV), which was initially designed for indoor operations in industry, has been increasingly applied in outdoor heavy-duty logistics tasks. In typical navigation tasks, such as the autonomous tracking of a designated object or a person, relative angle and relative distance between AGV and the target is required. To obtain the necessary information, various on-board sensors are extensively integrated. In this paper, the reliability of measuring the relative angle with the Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) method with two different Internet of Things (IoT) sensor sets from Texas Instrument (TI) and u-blox, according to Bluetooth 5.1 was investigated. The performance of IoT sensors was validated with angle accuracy parameters and received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The better IoT sensor was then integrated into the AGV navigation system, and the information gathered from IoT sensor enabled the AGV to turn toward the direction of the target. The process of AGV turning to the targeted direction based on IoT sensor information was respectively tested in the simulation and actual environment and evaluated by the disparity between the real relative angle and the rotation angle of the AGV. The results showed that this disparity was within ±5° in both simulated and actual environments, and methods for higher accuracy were proposed. In this way, the reliability and performance of Angle of Arrival (AoA) sensors in measuring the relative angle, which remains unexplored by other researchers, was systematically assessed contributing to extending the usability of AoA sensors in complex, real-world applications.

Anatomical Study of Abdominal Wall Muscle Innervation to Optimize Retroperitoneal Vascular Approach

INTRODUCTIONDifferent surgical approaches are used in aortic surgery. Retroperitoneal approaches can result in abdominal wall weakness and flank bulging. These approaches often require dissection of the anterolateral or anteromedial muscles of the abdominal wall. During dissection, the underlying nerves are at great risk of injury, which induces significant complications in abdominal wall muscles. Few studies have been conducted to minimize the risk of injury to these nerves. OBJECTIVESThis study aims to describe the trajectory of abdominal muscle motor nerves and their relationship to ribs and other anatomical landmarks. The secondary objective is to optimize surgical approaches by preserving the nerves. METHODWe conducted 12 dissections on fresh cadavers. Nerve trajectories, communication between the intercostal nerves (9th–10th–11th) and the subcostal nerve (12th), and the distance from the nerve to the estimated projection point of intersection with the abdominal midline, umbilicus, and iliac crest was recorded. RESULTSOur dissections identified the 12th subcostal nerve as the largest nerve. The 11th intercostal nerve exhibits more accessory branches than other nerves. Multiple communications and branches were observed between the 10th and 11th intercostal nerves and between the 11th and 12th nerves in the region from the anterior axillary line to the mid-clavicular line. The estimated projection point of intersection with the midline was 7.92 ± 1.24 cm supraumbilical for the 9th intercostal nerve, 3.92 ± 1.18 cm supraumbilical for the 10th, 1.08 ± 1.52 cm at the umbilical level for the 11th, and -3.33 ± 0.83 cm infraumbilical for the subcostal nerve. The distance between the iliac crest and the iliohypogastric nerve in the lateral jackknife position was 2.54 ± 0.65 cm. The 11th nerve had an angle in relation to the rib of between -45° and -10° (average: -24.6°), and the 12th nerve had a similar angle of between -30° and 0° (average: -18.3°). For the 11th nerve, the distance was between 0 and 5.5 cm (average: 2.92 cm); for the 12th nerve, it was between 0 and 3.0 cm (average: 1.71 cm). CONCLUSIONTo preserve the 11th nerve, the optimal approach is a straight incision starting from the upper edge of the 11th rib towards the midline, 4 cm above the umbilicus; for the 12th nerve, the optimal approach is a straight incision starting from the upper edge of the 12th rib towards the midline, 1 cm below the umbilicus; for the iliohypogastric nerve, the optimal approach is an incision close to the iliac crest at a distance <1.5 cm. The estimated projection point of intersection between the nerve directions towards the midline can indicate the anatomical trajectory of nerves. A nerve projection towards the midline can provide valuable information about the anatomical location of a nerve. This study has utility in optimizing surgical approaches. A clinical study can confirm these anatomical results.

Investigation of dynamic response characteristics of light fixed-wing aircraft

In order to ensure the stability of light fixed-wing aircraft during flight missions, considering the effects of relative airflow velocity and angle of attack, the distribution characteristics of velocity and pressure fields under different conditions, as well as the law of change of dynamic parameters, were derived by using aerodynamic methods. In the free modal condition, the modal truncation method was used to simulate and analyze the low-order modal shapes. Based on the modal analysis results, the sweep frequency range was set to 3-50 Hz, with a step size of 1.6 Hz, for a total of 30 substeps. A harmonic load of 1500 N was applied to the fuselage, and the displacement-frequency response curves and stress-frequency response curves of the fuselage structure and wing structure were extracted after the calculation. The results shows that the maximum lift-drag ratio occurs when the angle of attack is 6°, and the peak displacement deformation of the aircraft occurred around 24 Hz.

Dance of odd-diffusive particles: A Fourier approach

Odd-diffusive systems are characterized by transverse responses and exhibit unconventional behaviors in interacting systems. To address the dynamical interparticle rearrangements in a minimal system, we here exactly solve the problem of two hard disklike interacting odd-diffusing particles. We calculate the probability density function (PDF) of the interacting particles in the Fourier-Laplace domain and find that oddness rotates all modes except the zeroth, resembling a mutual rolling of interacting odd particles. We show that only the first Fourier mode of the PDF, the polarization, enters the calculation of the force autocorrelation function (FACF) for generic systems with central-force interactions. An analysis of the polarization as a function of time reveals that the relative rotation angle between interacting particles overshoots before relaxation, thereby rationalizing the recently observed oscillating FACF in odd-diffusive systems [Kalz , ]. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Versatile Standing Wave Generation Between Arbitrarily Oriented Surfaces Using Acoustic Metasurface Deflectors and Retroreflectors

Acoustic wave devices using standing wave configurations have gained interest in various fields like healthcare diagnostics and manufacturing. Their functionalities span from cell sorting to microscale fiber assembly through periodic acoustic pressure fields. Conventional methods usually require parallel acoustic emitters and reflective surfaces, producing constrained standing wave patterns. In this paper, an effective approach for creating versatile acoustic standing wave fields using an acoustic metasurface deflector and retroreflector is introduced. The deflector manipulates the direction of incoming acoustic waves coupled with the retroreflector to reflect these waves back to the source. The proposed design allows the creation of standing waves that are not constrained by the relative angles of the two surfaces involved and allows for customizable wave patterns beyond the standard limits with enhanced adaptability. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through computational simulations using finite element analysis and experimental validation based on a 3D‐printed prototype. Results suggest that versatile standing waves between arbitrarily oriented surfaces can be produced through the careful design of the metasurface deflector and retroreflector. This approach can improve the performance of standing wave applications in particle manipulation, thus broadening the range of practical implementations for ultrasound and acoustofluidic technologies.

A Computational Study of Temperature Driven Low Engine Order Forced Response In High Pressure Turbines

Abstract This paper reports the results of computational studies of the effect of combustor exit temperature distortions on Low Engine Order (LEO) forced response of a High Pressure Turbine (HPT). Forced response of this kind occurs at frequencies below the Stator Vane Passing Frequency (SVPF) and can be a major cause of High Cycle Fatigue (HCF) in turbines due to its tendency to excite fundamental modes of vibration. This paper investigates the extent through which temperature distortions act as a forcing stimulus in HPT rotor rows, through measuring unsteady pressure and modal force magnitude recorded from full annulus unsteady simulations of the MT1 stage: a low temperature, unshrouded, HPT rig. Rotor relative incidence angle variations are shown to be the key mechanism through which temperature acts as a forcer in HPT rotor rows, whilst temperature driven forced response is shown to be dependent on the magnitude of the modal content of the upstream temperature waves. These findings are used to build a reduced domain tool for blocked burner forced response prediction, which is shown to be accurate to an RMS error of 2.66%, far beyond the current accepted standard for forcing prediction of this kind.

Rheological analysis of network structure of raw natural rubber prepared by different processing techniques

The performance of raw natural rubber (NR) is dominated by its network structure, particular the levels of long chain branching (LCB) and entanglement. Here, three type of raw rubbers were prepared using different processing methods for commercial grade NRs. Linear and nonlinear viscoelastic behaviors, as well as stress relaxation, were analyzed to access their network structures. The third relative harmonic, phase angle, and first to second quarter-period integral ratio of stress curve were utilized as indicators for the nonlinearity of samples. By combining these values with flow activation energy and characteristic times, it can be confirmed that naturally coagulated NR showed higher elasticity than acid-coagulated NR due to high levels of LCB and entanglement, and hot air drying could lead to chain degradation. These findings correlated with molecular weight parameters, gel content and Mooney viscosity results. This research establishes a method for monitoring raw NR quality and predicting its properties.

Nasal Tip Reshaping in Orthognathic Surgery: A Novel Intraoral Minimally Invasive Approach.

Current concepts in orthognathic surgery focus on not just rectifying dentoskeletal irregularities but also improving facial aesthetic and function. In this respect, nasal reshaping holds extraordinary significance in determining surgery effectiveness and patient satisfaction. Facial preoperative evaluations emphasize the paramount functional and aesthetic impacts of caudal septum in tip reshaping. Deviations in this anatomical subunit could lead to significant nasal obstructions and aesthetic changes as twisted nasal tip, affecting projection, rotation, and columellar-alar relationship. These considerations are essential in orthofacial surgery, as maxillary movements might exacerbate or worsen preexisting nasal tip deformity. In this paper, we aim to describe a novel and innovative minimally invasive approach presenting a detailed account of a rhinoseptoplasty in which the entire nasal tip reshaping procedure was performed intraorally during orthognathic surgery. The technique focused on achieving optimal nasal tip projection and rotation, centering, and stabilization through strategic maneuvers such as incremental dissection of maxillary spine chondroperiosteal junction, superoposterior strut preservation, vertical and caudal septum resection, and anterior nasal spine tip support. Techniques including subnasal drilling and septal stabilization suture are detailed. Specific attention is given to addressing deficiencies in posterior septal angle and labiocolumellar relationship. Postoperative care is described and subjective evaluations were performed to assess patient and surgeon satisfaction with facial symmetry and overall aesthetic improvements. In our experience, the described approach offers valuable surgical finesse to orthognathic surgery, effectively targeting caudal septum deviations and nasal tip droopy. Its unique perspective enhances both functional and aesthetic results, particularly in the context of profiloplasty. No external nasal incision was performed and the totality of nasal tip reshaping was scarless and performed through an intraoral approach. Surgical precision in execution of this novel and tailored surgical approach has been shown to have a profound impact for enhancing outcomes of orthofacial surgery procedure.

Hyperfine-Enhanced Gyroscope Based on Solid-State Spins.

Solid-state platforms based on electronuclear spin systems are attractive candidates for rotation sensing due to their excellent sensitivity, stability, and compact size, compatible with industrial applications. Conventional spin-based gyroscopes measure the accumulated phase of a nuclear spin superposition state to extract the rotation rate and thus suffer from spin dephasing. Here, we propose a gyroscope protocol based on a two-spin system that includes a spin intrinsically tied to the host material, while the other spin is isolated. The rotation rate is then extracted by measuring the relative rotation angle between the two spins starting from their population states, robust against spin dephasing. In particular, the relative rotation rate between the two spins can be enhanced by their hyperfine coupling by more than an order of magnitude, further boosting the achievable sensitivity. The ultimate sensitivity of the gyroscope is limited by the lifetime of the spin system and compatible with a broad dynamic range, even in the presence of magnetic noise or control errors due to initialization and qubit manipulations. Our result enables precise measurement of slow rotations and exploration of fundamental physics.