Angioleiomyoma Research Articles

Plantar forefoot pain due to vascular leiomyoma

The diagnosis of plantar forefoot pain is very extensive. Plantar pain in the forefoot usually occurs due to mechanical aetiologies such as metatarsalgia, stress fractures and nerve damage. Tumours are a rare cause of plantar pain in the forefoot. We report the case of a patient with chronic pain in the plantar region of the forefoot due to a vascular leiomyoma. Level of Evidence V; Diagnostic Studies; Expert Opinion.

Clinical research progresses of tuberous sclerosis complex

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cutaneous neurological syndrome.The clinical manifestations of TSC are complex and diverse, and many of them are skin lesions, brain nodules, cardiac rhabdomyoma, pulmonary vascular lymphoma, renal vascular leiomyoma and other body multiple hamartoma lesions and neuropsychiatric symptoms.The current studis have found that TSC1 and TSC2 are their causative genes.The pathogenesis of TSC and the latest research are summarized. Key words: Tuberous sclerosis complex; Tuberous sclerosis complex 1; Tuberous sclerosis complex 2

The diagnosis and arthroscopic treatment of angioleiomyoma presenting loose body in the knee joint: two case reports

BackgroundAngioleiomyoma is a very rare benign solitary soft tissue neoplasm originating from smooth muscle layer of blood vessels. The tumor is usually located in the subcutis or the superficial fasciae, but less often in the deep fasciae, especially rare in the knee joint cavity. Diagnosis is frequently delayed or misdiagnosed as loose body or anterior knee pain because of its rare occurrence and poor awareness of physicians. Few studies have presented intra-articular angioleiomyoma and such cases become rarer and more difficult to diagnose when it presents as loose body.Case presentationTwo patients, a middle-aged man and an old woman, presented to our outpatient clinic with persistent anterior knee pain and both of them suffered from a solitary mass in the right knee that had slowly enlarged. One of two patients showed negative in the routine radiographic imaging and the other showed a “loose body” beside the lateral femoral condyle in the knee. MRI showed both a well-demarcated intra-articular mass of isointense signal to muscle on T1-weighted images and heterogeneous intensity on T2-weighted images. Their tumors were excised under arthroscopy finally, with the pathological results revealed vascular leiomyomas. They both recovered well with pain free after operation and no signs of recurrence were seen at the 7-year follow-up.ConclusionsThis case report illustrates the atypical locations of angioleiomyoma in the knee joint should arouse our attention and be included in the differential diagnosis of nodular lesions mimicking loose bodies.

Vascular leiomyoma of the nasal dorsum: radiological findings and surgical management

Vascular leiomyoma of the nasal dorsum: radiological findings and surgical management

Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of 14 cases of angioleiomyomas in oral cavity.

BackgroundAngioleiomyoma (ALM) is a benign neoplasm that originates from vascular smooth muscle. It is extremely rare in oral cavity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of all oral angioleiomyomas registered in a Center of Diagnosis of Oral Diseases from 1959 to 2017.Material and MethodsSlides from 14 cases of ALM stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) were analyzed to confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, an immunohistochemical panel with alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), desmin, AE1/AE3, CD68, S-100, and CD34 antibodies was performed to evaluate semi-quantitatively the positive cells.ResultsALM correspond to 0.08% of all benign oral tumors analyzed during the 57-year period. The mean age of the patients was 45 years with a predilection to males (58%). The most frequently reported site was lips (50%). Microscopic analysis on H&E sections revealed similar pattern in all cases, showing well-circumscribed and encapsulated tumors, characterized by a proliferation of smooth muscle cells and wide vascular spaces of varying sizes. The predominant immuno profiles were: alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) positive (strong immunoreactivity); positive variable pattern for desmin, negative immunoprofile for AE1/AE3, CD68, and S-100. The endothelial cells of vascular spaces were CD34+.ConclusionsBased on the results, the alpha-SM actin can be elected as a good marker for angioleiomyomas and can help the confirmation of the morphologic diagnosis of this lesion. Key words:Angioleiomyoma, Alpha-SMA, vascular smooth muscle.

A Case of Vascular Leiomyoma on the Heel: A Rarely Seen Benign Soft Tissue Tumor with Brief Reviews.

A Case of Vascular Leiomyoma on the Heel: A Rarely Seen Benign Soft Tissue Tumor with Brief Reviews.

Acral and digital angioleiomyomata: 14-year experience at the Cleveland Clinic and review of the literature.

Angioleiomyoma is a benign neoplasm thought to derive from the tunica media of small venous vessels. Angioleiomyomata most frequently occur in the lower extremities with less common occurrences on the trunk, head and upper extremities. Few cases of acral and digital angioleiomyoma have been described in the literature. We add a series of 21 patients with acral angioleiomyoma including 6 cases of digital angioleiomyoma to the body of clinical and histological findings along with a review of the literature of digital angioleiomyomata. Digital angioleiomyoma are equally distributed between male and female patients and are more often painful than the angioleiomyoma of all body sites. Acral angioleiomyomata favor the feet over hands at a ratio of 2.5:1, while digital angioleiomyoma favor the fingers over toes at a ratio of 4.3:1. We suggest that vascular leiomyoma be included in the differential diagnosis of smooth muscle tumors with particular regard to the digits of both the hands and the feet. Digital angioleiomyomata differ from acral angioleiomyomata in their equal gender distribution, increased tendency to cause pain and preponderance for the fingers over the toes.

A case report of angioleiomyoma of uterus

Angioleiomyoma (AL) is a very rare benign tumor that originates from smooth muscle cells and has thick walled vessels. It may be found throughout the body but more frequently occurs in the lower extremities and rarely develops in the head and other parts of the body. This paper presents a case report of giant AL detected in a 33-year-old woman who complained of severe anemia, menorrhagia, and palpable lower abdominal mass. The patient underwent myomectomy and was diagnosed with AL based on the pathological report of mass. The effective treatment for AL is either simple hysterectomy or angiomyomectomy depending on the patient's desire to preserve fertility and symptom.

Clinicopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical aspects of angioleiomyoma of the cheek: a case report

Introduction: Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle neoplasms that preferably affect the genitals, skin, and gastrointestinal tract, being rarely seen in the oral cavity. They re commonly classified into three microscopic patterns: solid leiomyoma, angioleiomyoma (ALM), and epithelioid leiomyoma. The most frequently reported sites of occurrence of oral ALM are the lip (48.6%), palate (21.1%), buccal mucosa and tongue (9.2%), and intraosseous lesions (8.3%).Case report: A 62 years old male presented a painless swelling in the left cheek. In this report histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis were made to confirm the diagnosis, since several lesions were possible. The treatment was local surgical excision of the tumor.

Cavernous Angiomyoma of the Internal Auditory Canal.

Reimann, Katrin; Arnold, Heinz; Bisdas, Sotorios; Sipos, Bence; Zimmermann, Rainer; Zenner, Hans-Peter; Löwenheim, Hubert Author Information

Resection of a 5 cm Type I Vascular Submucosal Leiomyoma Using the Symphion™ Tissue Removal System

Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical modality used to diagnose and treat intrauterine problems including abnormal uterine bleeding or anatomical abnormalities such as polyps or leiomyomas. We present a case using the Symphion™ tissue removal system to perform a hysteroscopic myomectomy.

Angioleiomyoma in the sellar region: a report of 2 cases and literature review

Objectives To report the cases of angioleiomyoma involving the sellar region and to review and summarize the characteristics of the disease combining with literature. Methods From June 2011 to June 2015, the clinical data of 2 patients with angioleiomyoma in the sellar region treated and confirmed by pathology in Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Results Two patients were diagnosed as pituitary tumor by imaging before procedure. They had excessive bleeding during the operation and the total resection was difficult. The maximum tumor diameter was 3.0 cm in one of them. The tissue biopsy was conducted only with transsphenoidal microscopicsurgery. The patient received postoperative gamma knife therapy and was followed up for 4 years. The tumor had a tendency of sustained shrinkage. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 3.7 cm in 1 case. The tumor was resected partially with transsphenoidal microscopicsurgery. The patient was treated with gamma knife after procedure, and he was lost to follow up. After operation, HE staining showed that there were a lot of blood vessels, smooth muscles, and collagen tissues in the tumor tissues. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of CD34, α-SMA, Ⅷ factor, CD31 and collagen Ⅰ- Ⅲ were positive. Conclusions The diagnosis of vascular leiomyomas is difficult before procedure, mainly based on pathology. The operation is difficult. Gamma knife therapy is helpful in controlling the tumors. Key words: Angioleiomyoma; Sella turcica; Disease attributes; Neurosurgical procedures; Radiosurgery

A case of angioleiomyoma in fingertip

A case of angioleiomyoma in fingertip

The emergency treatment of renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous rupture and hemorrhage (Report of 24 cases)

Objectives To investigate the emergency treatment of renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous rupture and hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data and follow–up of 24 cases of renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous rupture and hemorrhage.Preoperative ultrasonography and CT scanning had been underwent in all the cases. Renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous rupture and hemorrhage was diagnosed in 22 patients and renal cell carcinoma with hemorrhage could not be ruled out in the other 2 patients. 3 patients were treated conservatively and 4 patients were treated with selective renal arterial embolization. The other 17 patients were managed with emergency surgical intervation. Results In 3 cases of conservative treatment, 1 case was stable, other 2 cases failed and received sugical intervation. 4 cases were embolized successfully, then hemorrhage disappeared. Operation was performed in 17 patients.Nephrectomy was performed in 4 cases. 13 cases were treated with nephron–sparing surgery (NSS).5 caess underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery and 8 cases were performed open surgery.All the patients were confirmed to be renal angiomyolipoma with rupture and hemorrhage by pathological examination after operation. 24 cases were followed up for 3 to 72 months, no case was recurred and metastasized. Conclusions Ultrasonography and CT scanning are important methods to diagnose renal angiomyolipoma with rupture. The management of renal angiomyolipoma with rupture includes conservative methods, selective renal arterial embolization and emergency surgical intervation. Key words: Kidney Neoplasms; Angiomyoma; Lipoma; Rupture, Spontaneous; Hemorrhage

Vascular Leiomyoma Presenting as Anterior Knee Pain (Case Report).

Vascular leiomyomas or angioleiomyomas are rare benign solitary smooth muscle tumors that origin usually in the extremities. Most of these tumors are composed of venous vessels. Here in, we report a rare case of subcutaneous vascular leiomyoma of the right knee of a 38 year old woman who was presented with recurrent anterior right knee pain and soft tissue swelling. Clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging and histopathologic findings of the tumor is discussed. Leiomyomas are not mostly considered in the differential diagnosis by radiologist due to its rarity. Typical imaging and clinical findings of a tumor is an important clue for an accurate and early diagnosis.

Angioleiomyoma of the External Auditory Canal.

Luca, Laura Maria De; Karligkiotis, Apostolos; Melis, Andrea; Pintus, Adriana; Trombetta, Matilde; Riu, Francesco Giuseppe; Tanda, Francesco Author Information

Uterine angioleiomyoma - a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma: review of literature and case reports.

IntroductionUterine angioleiomyoma (AL) is an extremely rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. It is composed of smooth muscle cells and thick-walled blood vessels. Angioleiomyoma usually occurs in middle-aged women, 40-60 years old. Aim of the study was to review of literature research reports on uterine AL. Discussion of nine case reports of uterine AL in the patients operated on in our ward.Material and methodsThe paper presents analysis of accessible research reports on uterine AL, and medical records of the patients operated on in our ward.ResultsMean age of the patients with uterine AL was 47.11 ±5.21, body mass index (BMI) 25.88 ±3.95. All women had given birth (1-5 natural deliveries, 2.44 mean). Uterine AL occurred in 0.34% to 0.40% cases of leiomyomas. Angioleiomyoma were located intramurally and subserosally in six and three patients (respectively, 66.7% and 33.3%). Laparotomy was undertaken in seven cases (77.8%), transvaginal access in two cases (22.2%), and myomectomy in one case (11.1%). Blood transfusion was required in four cases (44.4%).ConclusionsIn the group of uterine leiomyomas, uterine ALs occurred in 0.34-0.40% of cases. Angioleiomyoma cases posed a greater risk of complications threatening the patient’s health and life. Preoperative differentiation of AL with ovarian tumour was more difficult due to frequent degenerative lesions in the course of uterine AL.

A Large Vascular Leiomyoma in Femoral Triangle

Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft-tissue vascular tumor arising from the smooth muscle of the tunica media. It is more common in females. Lower extremities, particularly the lower leg and foot, are more affected. Cutaneous vessels are common site of origin. The main vessel- the femoral vein- is a rare site for the origin for a angioleiomyoma. We present a case of a large femoral triangle angioleiomyoma arising from the femoral vein. A clinical presentation, diagnosis, and radiological and histopathological findings are discussed.

Transnasal endoscopic resection of vascular leiomyomas of the nasal septum.

Our experience with endoscopic surgery for vascular leiomyomas of the nasal septum was reviewed. All patients with vascular leiomyomas of the nasal septum who were treated with endoscopic surgery from May 1995 to June 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Twelve patients had vascular leiomyomas of the nasal septum removed successfully; there were no recurrences or endocrine complications during the 15-62-month follow-up postoperatively. The endoscope technique offers simple, rapid access to the nasal septum, and excellent visualization; it is a safe, minimally invasive, efficient procedure for removing benign nasal septum tumors that leaves no scar on the face.

Benign Hand Tumors Have a Clear Indication for Surgery According to the Patient-rated Outcome Measures: Level 4 Evidence

Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to report the patient-rated outcome measures (PROMs) using the Hand20 questionnaire (Suzuki et al. JBJS 2010) before and after surgery of the benign upper limb tumor. We hypothesized that benign upper limb tumors have a clear indication for surgery according to the PROMs. Methods: This study included 301 consecutive patients with histories of benign bone and soft tissue tumors of the upper limb, who had undergone surgery. There were 130 male and 171 female patients with a mean age of 45 years (range, 11e87 years). The diagnoses included 72 ganglions, 37 vascular tumors, 31 giant cell tumors of tendon sheath (GCTTS), 24 schwannomas, 21 lipomas, 21 enchondromas, 17 glomus tumors, 16 fibromas, 15 exostoses, 12 epidermoid cysts, 6 vascular leiomyomas, 6 granulomas, and 23 others. The tumors were located on the finger in 147 cases, hand in 51 cases, wrist in 61 cases, forearm in 18 cases, elbow in 16 cases, and upper arm and axilla in 8 cases. Tumor size was classified into 3 groups: smaller than 1 cm (45 cases), between 1 and 3 cm (157 cases), and larger than 3 cm (99 cases). We have prospectively assessed PROMs using Hand20 questionnaire before and after surgery. The mean period from surgery to assessment was 21 months (range, 6e78 months). Results: The mean Hand20 and pain scores significantly improved in patients with ganglions, vascular tumors, GCTTS, schwannomas, enchondromas and lipoma. The mean pain scores in patients with glomus tumors improved significantly, but the mean Hand20 scores improved without significance. In patients with fibromas, exostoses, epidermoid cysts, granulomas, and vascular leiomyomas, both the mean Hand 20 and pain scores improvedwithout statistical significance. (Figure 1 and 2).