Angioleiomyoma Research Articles

Angioleiomyoma in the Ankle Mimicking Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

We present the case of a 64-year-old woman with a subcutaneous vascular leiomyoma in the tarsal tunnel in the ankle. The patient presented with pain of several years' duration in the medial aspect of the ankle in the retromalleolar region corresponding to the tarsal tunnel and associated with a subcutaneous mass. We report the clinical manifestation, the imaging and histopathologic features, and a review of the literature. Vascular leiomyomas are part of the differential diagnosis of painful subcutaneous masses in the lower extremity.

Calcified acral angioleiomyoma

Calcified acral angioleiomyoma

CT features of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma

Objective To explore the CT features of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML), and to improve the diagnosis of this disease.Methods The clinical materials and image findings of 15 cases (8 female, 7 male) with renal EAML proved by pathologies were retrospectively studied.Plain and enhancement CT scan were performed in all 15 patients.Nine of the 15 cases were correctly diagnosed and the other were misdiagnosed as renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (n=5), renal oncocytoma (n=1).Results There were some distinctive findings of EAML: (1) Little hypodense or iso-high-density, well defined, round lesion with diameter of 2 to 5 cm.(2) The tumor may involve the medulla of kidney or grow out without haematuria.(3) Most lesions showed obviously uniformity enhancement at artery phase, with a few of them showed inhomogeneous enhancement There were thickening and circuitous vessels in a few lesions.(4) Enhancement mode was quick-in and quick-out.Conclusions CT findings combined with clinical materials have important value in making a correct diagnosis of EAML preoperatively. Key words: Kidney neoplasms; Angiomyoma; Lipoma; Tomography, X-ray computed

Cyst-like solid tumors of the musculoskeletal system: an analysis of ultrasound findings

When evaluating superficial soft tissue masses with ultrasonography, it is not always clear whether the mass is cystic or solid. We reviewed sonograms of soft tissue masses, which were interpreted as cystic but confirmed as solid tumors. We scanned a database of patients with superficial soft tissue masses from two different institutions. Four hundred and thirty lesions were evaluated with ultrasonography and then confirmed surgically. Twenty-three masses were identified, of which initial interpretation on gray scale included cystic tumor which pathology revealed to be solid tumors. All images were evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists, regarding internal echogenicity of lesions, presence of posterior enhancement, margins, size, and internal vascularity. Of 23 masses, there were 5 giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath, 4 schwannomas, 3 vascular leiomyomas, 2 benign fibrous histiocytomas, 2 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, 2 granular cell tumors, 1 dermatofibroma, 1 fibroma of the tendon sheath, 1 fibromatosis, 1 eccrine spiradenoma, and 1 granulation tissue. Masses were hypoechoic in 16 and anechoic in 7 cases. Posterior enhancement was present in 9, and 10 masses showed no internal vascularity on color Doppler imaging. Margins were smooth in 13, smooth with mild lobulation in 7, and lobulated in 3 cases. Mean size was 2.3 cm. On ultrasonography, solid soft tissue tumors may be confused with cystic masses. Such cases are not common, and fibrous tumors are the most frequent. Care should be given to these solid tumors that have a cystic appearance and even lack internal vascularity on color Doppler imaging to enhance diagnosis of cystic and solid masses.

鼻出血を契機に発見された鼻腔血管平滑筋腫例

We report a case of vascular leiomyoma of the nasal cavity. A 90-year-old woman visited our hospital because of recurrent epistaxis, and she was found in fiberscopy and computed tomography to have a well-defined spherical submucosal mass in the left nasal vestibule. The lesion showed low intensity in T1- and intermediate intensity in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, with homogeneous intense gadolinium enhancement. The tumor was excised in a transnasal approach using an ultrasonic scalpel. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings yielded a definitive diagnosis of venous vascular leiomyoma. Vascular leiomyoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any well-circumscribed, hypervascular, soft-tissue mass arising in the submucosal tissue of the nasal cavity.

Primary angioleiomyoma in the sellar region: a case report and literature review

Angioleiomyoma (vascular leiomyomas, angiomyoma) is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor which consists of a mixture of well-differentiated smooth muscle cells and thick-walled vessels. Here we report a case of angioleiomyoma in the sellar region, which is the first case report of angioleiomyoma at this anatomical location. A 53-year-old man was admitted with a medical history of three months episodic headache and one month visual deterioration, both of which progressed gradually. The neurological examination showed nothing remarkable except a slightly decreased adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) level. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a pituitary apoplexy. Gross total resection of the tumor was then performed. Histological and immunohistochemical studies showed a typical microscopic appearance of an angioleiomyoma present in a rather uncommon place. The pertinent literature regarding the features of this tumor was reviewed and discussed. Intracranial angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumor with excellent prognosis. Early diagnosis of this tumor is difficult.

Uterine vascular leiomyoma with a fat component mimicking angiomyolipoma: A case report

Here we describe an uterine vascular leiomyoma with a fat component which occurred in a 43-year-old woman. The tumor arose on the left parametrial wall of the uterine body. Pathologically, it was composed of thick-walled tortuous vessels and irregular bundles of smooth muscle cells, and was mixed with fat. The smooth muscle cells were immunoreactive for actin, desmin and vimentin. They were negative for cytokeratin, HMB-45, CD34, S-100 protein, progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor. Retrospectively, abdominal magnetic resonance images showed a well-demarcated mass of isointense signal on T1-weighted image, heterogeneous high signal intensity on T2-weighted images with thin tubule-like enhancement, suggesting tortuous vascular structures within the mass. Albeit rare, these radiologic findings may be helpful in distinguishing the vascular leiomyoma from other smooth muscle tumors. In our opinion, the histologic and immunohistochemical sharing features of uterine smooth muscle tumors may be responsible for underestimated incidence of this type of leiomyoma.

A case of massive vascular leiomyoma of the hand

A case of massive vascular leiomyoma of the hand

Acral calcified angioleiomyoma

Auteur(s) : Erika Sakai, Emiko Asai, Toshiyuki Yamamoto Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan Angioleiomyomas (vascular leiomyomas) are relatively common benign tumors, occurring more commonly among women. The tumors occur most frequently on the lower extremities, but rarely involve acral sites. Histologically, an angioleiomyoma is subdivided into the solid, cavernous and venous types. The solid type angioleiomyoma is composed [...]

Vascular leiomyoma presenting as medial joint line pain of the knee

Vascular leiomyoma or angioleiomyoma is a rare benign solitary smooth muscle tumor that occurs mostly in the extremities. Most of these tumors are composed of venous vessels, but in some reports small arteries have been detected in the tumors. We present a rare case of a 60-year-old man with a subcutaneous vascular leiomyoma of the right knee. Clinical findings, ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance (MR), and histopathologic features are reported, and the literature is reviewed. The knowledge of specific imaging findings allows to include vascular leiomyoma in the differential diagnosis of lower extremity subcutaneous masses and to achieve an early accurate diagnosis.

Vascular plexiform leiomyoma mimicking uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor

Leiomyomata are common benign smooth muscle neoplasms with a usually easily recognizable histologic pattern. However, there is a wide variety of subtypes described in the literature, characterized by predominance of a particular distinct histologic pattern. Here we describe a case of a highly vascular leiomyoma with a prominent plexiform pattern and cords and tubules of epithelioid cells that mimics a uterine tumor resembling an ovarian sex cord tumor.

Infratentorial angioleiomyoma: a new location for a rare neoplastic entity

Angioleiomyomas are benign neoplasms most often located in the subcutaneous tissue of middle-aged individuals and usually confined to the subcuticular and deep dermal layers of the lower extremities. An intracranial site for this tumor is exceedingly rare, with very few reports documenting locations in the neuraxis. To the authors' knowledge the present case represents the first reported instance of an infratentorial angioleiomyoma. The authors conducted a review of selected English-language papers published since 1960 describing well-documented cases of intracranial vascular leiomyomas, with detailed information on the clinical presentation, radiology, pathology, and particulars of surgical management in each case.

Giant laryngeal angioleiomyomas: a case report with review of literature

We report a recently encountered case of vascular leiomyoma in the larynx, a benign tumor that is rare in the organ, in a 52-year-old man. Chief complaints were a progressive hoarseness, laryngeal pain, deglutitive uncomfortableness and dyspnea in the supine position. Laryngoscope revealed many spherical tumors interlacing together with a smooth surface, measuring approximately 2x4 cm and covered with normal mucosa, found at the side of laryngeal epiglottis from its margin to supraglottis. Tracheotomy was performed under local anesthesia, and laryngosurgery was then carried out under general anesthesia. Histologic study showed smooth muscle cell proliferation, especially surrounded by an abundance of blood vessels, and the tumor was diagnosed as a vascular leiomyoma. Its complete resection was the best therapeutic option. Tracheotomy was required in this case depending on the occurrence site if the tumor and its size.

Vascular Leiomyoma Resulting in Ulnar Neuropathy: Case Report

We report a case of vascular leiomyoma arising from the distal ulnar artery in the palm that revealed symptoms similar to those of Guyon's canal syndrome.

Acral calcified vascular leiomyoma of the skin: A rare clinicopathological variant of cutaneous vascular leiomyomas: Report of 3 cases

Several histopathologic variants of cutaneous leiomyomas have been recognized. In our consultation dermatopathology practice, we encountered a variant of cutaneous leiomyoma which, to our knowledge, has not been reported. We report 3 cases of vascular leiomyomas, all of them manifesting prominent intratumoral calcifications dominating over the residuum of the tumors and occurring on the acral sites. We conducted a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study, which is complemented by a literature review. All 3 patients were women ranging in age from 57 to 72 years. Each presented clinically with a slowly growing, firm mass. The lesion was painful in two cases. None of the patients had renal disease or endocrine abnormalities. Microscopically, the lesions were a well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated neoplasm composed of mature smooth muscle cells and vascular pattern, which was inconspicuous, but focally dilated blood vessels were present. In all cases, prominent calcifications were present. Immunohistochemically the spindle cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin. This study utilizes tissue specimens that all came as consultations; therefore, some inherent selection bias exists. Acral calcified vascular leiomyoma is a rare clinicopathological variant of leiomyoma which has predilection for acral sites and shows massive calcifications prevailing over the tumor itself.

Angioleiomyoma with the features of the dermatofibroma

Angioleiomyoma with the features of the dermatofibroma

Angioleiomioma de cavidade nasal: relato de um caso e revisão de literatura

Leiomioma de cavidade nasal e seios paranasais é raro. Ele constitui menos de 1% de todos os leiomiomas do corpo humano. Isto se deve à escassez de células musculares no nariz. Estas neoplasias podem ser classificadas em três grupos: leiomioma, angiomioma e leiomioma epitelióide. Somente 15 casos de angiomioma foram encontrados na literatura. O tratamento de escolha é a excisão cirúrgica. Um novo caso e a revisão da literatura são apresentados.

Causes of early death after lung transplant: analysis of 30 cases

To investigate the causes of early death after lung transplant and its prevention and management. Lung transplantation was performed on 30 patients, 12 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 10 with pulmonary fibrosis, 3 with Eisenmenger's syndrome, 3 with bronchiectasis, 1 with pneumosilicosis, and 1 with pulmonary vascular leiomyoma, 24 males and 6 females, aged 48 +/- 13 (15 - 72), 23 undergoing single lung transplantation, 3 undergoing right single lung transplantation following ventricular septal defect repair with CPB, 3 undergoing bilateral sequential lung transplantation without CPB, and 1 case undergoing bilateral sequential lung transplantation with CPB, during the period September 2002 to December 2005. All the patients received invasive monitoring, mechanical ventilation, immunosuppressive agents, antibacterial prophylaxis, and prevention of reperfusion injury in ICU after operation. Six cases died in the early period with the causes of death (n = 3), primary graft dysfunction (PGD) (n = 1), acute rejection (n = 1), and pulmonary infarction (n = 1). Infection, PGD, acute rejection and pulmonary infarction represent the most frequent causes of early death after lung transplantation.

Acute abdomen in a patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a malformation of female genital tract (incidence 1 in 4000 female newborn children). It appears as a result of a disorder in the development of Millerian cannals. Etiology is unknown. Syndrome MRKH is the most frequent cause of primary amenorrhoea (90%). Patients with MRKH have a normal female phenotype, with normal pubic hairness and thelarche, and female karyotype (46XX) followed by primary amenorrhoea. Hormonal status corresponds to healthy women, where the appearance of ovarian tumors and tumors on rudiment parts of uterus is possible. We presented a case of acute abdomen in a patient with previously not diagnosed MRKH. The diagnosis was done during the operation. Small pelvis and an abdominal part were filled with torquated tumor lump, where ovaries, oviducts, uterus or something resembling rudiment of uterus were not recognized through careful examination. Furthemore, the patient had a short, dead-end vagina. Tumorectomy was done and hystopathological finding showed the presence of vascular leiomyoma. The diagnosis of complex syndromes, such as MRKH, can, despite modern diagnostics, be absent for non-medical and psycho-social reasons. We can expect ovarian and uterine pathology on hypoplastic structures in these patients, as well as in healthy women. Vascular leiomyoma in the patients with MRKH was not found in the available literature.

Angioleiomyoma with Calcification of the Heel: Report of Two Cases

Angioleiomyoma with Calcification of the Heel: Report of Two Cases